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A CATALOGUE
OF THE
AMERICAN HESPERIIDAE
IN THE
BRITISH MUSEUM
(NATURAL HISTORY)
AO Cad ALOGUE
OF THE
AMERICAN HESPERITDAE
indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted
IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM
(NATURAL HISTORY) -
by
BRIGADIER W. H. EVANS
CS. aE.) D.S.0:
Honorary Associate, British Museum (Natural History)
PART IV
(Groups H to P)
HESPERIINAE and MEGATHYMINAE
With Plates 54 to 88
LONDON
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF
THE BRITISH MUSEUM
SOLD AT
THE British Museum (NaTuraL History), CROMWELL RoapD, S.W.7
AND BY
B. QuaRiTcH, LTD.,
AND H.M. STATIONERY OFFICE
ao
CN
Rar We
PRESENTED
20 JUL 1955
MADE AND PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN
BY JARROLD AND SONS LTD., NORWICH
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION I
CLASSIFICATION OF THE HESPERIINAE 5
H. CARTEROCEPHALUS GROUP
KEY TO GENERA 9
KEYS TO SPECIES IO
I. VINIUS GROUP
KrY TO GENERA 45
KEYS TO SPECIES 47
J. APAUSTUS GROUP
KEY TO GENERA 83
KEYS TO SPECIES gI
RSCARYSIUS GROUP |
Key TO GENERA 204
KEYS TO SPECIES izes
L.-PHLEBODES GROUP
KerY TO GENERA 264
KEYS TO SPECIES 266
M. HESPERIA GROUP
Key TO GENERA 299
KEYS TO SPECIES 304
N. LERODEA GROUP
Key TO GENERA 383
KEYS TO SPECIES 384
O. CALPODES GROUP
KEY TO GENERA 398
KEYS TO SPECIES AOI
P. MEGATHYMINAE
KrY TO GENERA 465
KEYS TO SPECIES 465
APPENDIX I. List of species or names assigned to
America incorrectly | 473
APPENDIX II. ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA TO
Panes 1 To Lil | 475
INDEX | 479
PLATES 54 to 88 At end
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PART IV
INTRODUCTION
Part I of this Catalogue of the American Hesperiidae in the
British Museum (Natural History) was published in 1951 and
dealt with Group A. Pyrrhopyginae.
Part II was published in 1952 and dealt with half the
Pyrginae in 3 groups, viz. Group B. Augiades, Group C.
Urbanus and Group D. Celaenorrhinus.
Part III was published in 1953 and dealt with the second
half of the Pyrginae in 3 groups, viz. Group E. Telemiades,
Group F. Erynnis and Group G. Pyrgus.
Part IV deals with the Hesperiinae in 8 groups (H to O)
and Group P. Megathyminae, and completes the catalogue.
Appendix I deals with published names of Hesperiidae,
which have been assigned to America by authors, but have
been found to relate to other continents. Appendix II
contains addenda and corrigenda to the previous parts.
Since this work was commenced, two important publica-
tions have been published relating to the American Rhopa-
locera. A Field Guide to the Butterfles by A. B. Klots,
published in 1951, relates to the butterflies of N. America,
east of the Great Plains. It contains excellent keys, coloured
and plain plates. The Butterflies of Virgima by Austin H.,
and Leila F. Clark, in 1951 also includes keys, coloured
and plain plates.
It may be desirable to repeat that the form in which this
work is presented was introduced by the author in The
Identification of Indian Butterflies 1926 and 1932. ‘The
genera are assembled in a number of lettered groups: within
each group the genera are numbered serially, as also are the
species within each genus: the keys are arranged to preserve
this numbering. The index gives the group letter followed
by the generic and specific numbers and so can be used for
keys to groups, genera and species as well as for the plates.
A few self-explanatory abbreviations have been used, such
I
INTRODUCTION
as F for forewing, H for hindwing: upf, uph, unf, unh for
the upperside or underside of the forewing or hindwing. The
term ‘‘nudum”’ has been introduced for the bared, sensitive
portion of the antennal club. “Quadrate”’ or “‘quadrantic”’
have been used to designate palpi of which the inner (median)
edge of the second segment, seen from above, is equal to or
greater than the transverse width against the head.
The genitalia diagrams have been drawn freehand by the
author from genitalia mounted on cards or left on the abdo-
men, not squashed flat on slides. They are intended to
indicate the differences between species and are not to be
regarded as accurate representations to scale. For each
species the first figure depicts the ventral view of the uncus,
gnathos and aedoeagus: the second figure depicts the view
from the left side of the same organs: the third figure is of
the inside of the left clasp and where there is asymmetry
the view for the right clasp is added. It should be noted
that individual and subspecific variation is often consider-
able and that the study of all the available material as well
as much experience is needed to decide whether a variation
from the diagram is sufficient to justify separation as a species
or a sub-species.
For the Old World the material in the British Museum
(N.H.) is complete or very nearly so, in that there are repre-
sentatives of all described species. For America this is far
from being the case: many of the published names are not
represented at all. Where classification of unrepresented
species has been established, they have been included in the
keys and the author’s figure of the genitalia has been adapted
for inclusion in the plates. But a considerable number of
published species have remained unrecognised and have
been listed at the ends of the genera wherein they were
described. In the Museum there are a number of specimens
belonging apparently to unnamed species, but which have
been left undescribed because the absence of legs, antennae,
palpi or abdomen renders classification impossible or un-
reliable.
Thanks are due to the following people for assistance in
the manner specified. E. L. Bell, New York (criticism,
advice, material). H. E. Box, Trinidad (material). F. Martin
2
INTRODUCTION
Brown, Colorado (material from Ecuador). S. L. Callajos,
Cuba (material). W. T. M. Forbes, New York (criticism,
advice). H. A. Freeman, Texas (material). K. J. Hayward,
Argentine (loan of types). E. M. Hering, Berlin (loan of
types). D. B. Stallings, Kansas (material). J. W. Tilden,
California (material). Last but not least, W. H. 'T. Tams,
British Museum (criticism and advice).
This volume brings to an end my study of the Hesperiidae
in the British Museum (Natural History), commenced 22
years ago. It remains for me to thank the Director and his
Staff for having furnished me with every facility and the
Trustees for having published the results.
*
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7% , Neh
THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE
HESPERIINAE
The Hesperiinae are defined as generally feeding on
monocotyledons: having vein 5 of the forewing nearer to
vein 4 than to vein 6 at their origins: in the 3, the upperside
of the forewing is often furnished with brands or a stigma
of specialised scales, but never with a costal fold or hair
pencils on the hind tibiae, which are frequent in the
Pyrginae: sitting with the wings erect.
For the Old World the classification of the Hesperiinae
was no easy matter, but at least the Sahara Desert and the
Himalayas had the effect of keeping apart the Palaearctic
and ‘Tropical evolution. In America the political boundary
between the U.S.A. and Mexico appears to coincide remark-
ably well with the faunal boundary between the Nearctic
and Neotropical Regions. There has been a minor penetra-
tion northward into the U.S.A. of Neotropical forms. But
the Nearctic Hesperiinae have penetrated in great strength
into S. America, mingling with the Neotropical forms and
rendering any satisfactory arrangement of genera very
difficult.
The classification of the Hesperiidae in these catalogues
has been based on the arrangement proposed by E. Y.
Watson in 1893 (Proc. Zool. Soc. London), which had been
generally adopted for the Old World and had been used by
Godman & Salvin in their Biologia Centrali Americana
for the Pyrginae. But Godman 1900 (Biologia, Rhopalocera,
vol 2: 461) found it necessary to depart from Watson’s
arrangement in respect of the Hesperiinae (formerly Pam-
philinae). He divided the Hesperiinae into 8 groups of
which the first was characterised by the arcuate antennal
club and the porrect palpi; the remainder were based on
the increasing length of the antennae in relation to the
length of the forewing costa. This character, of antennal
length, was considered when framing the Hesperiinae classi-
fication for the Old World, but was not found to be of more
5
THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE HESPERIINAE
than secondary importance, while for America in the Biologia
it resulted in widely different genera, such as Calpodes and
Callimormus, Falga and Thracides, being associated in the
same group.
It is considered that the classification of the Hesperiinae
should be co-ordinated for the whole world as far as is
possible. All-world keys to genera as framed by Watson
are not suitable for any such purpose, since evolution in
different parts of the world has proceeded on very different
lines. There are, nevertheless, certain indications within a
subfamily of relationships between species, genera or groups
of genera indicating a common origin. On this basis generic
groups can be arranged and the affinities indicated. Within
such groups the general arrangement of the keys to genera
can follow a similar pattern, but should be kept separate for
the principal faunistic divisions, America, Africa, Europe-
Asia.
In the Old World the grouping of the Hesperiinae fell
into 3 reasonably well-defined sections, based on the form
of the antennal club, (1) viz. arcuate, (2) angled but not
constricted before the angulation, (3) constricted before the
angulation. ‘he American Hesperiinae have here been
grouped on the same basis and the affinities with the Old
World groups have been specified in the diagnosis of each
group.
GROUPS OF THE HESPERITINAE
H. Carterocephalus Group. Antennal club arcuate. Palpi
porrect. Corresponds to first section of Old World Hes-
periinae.
6 genera. Palaearctic and Nearctic, but extending along the
Andes to Patagonia.
1. Vinius Group. ‘Tawny forms extracted from the Apaustus
Group for convenience.
15 genera. Neotropical.
J. Apaustus Group. Antennal club not constricted before
the apiculus: commences with all the nudum on the apicu-
lus: as the segments of the nudum increase up to 3 or 4
extend to the club. Palpi quadrate (see p. 2): inner edge equal
to the edge against the head.
53 genera. Neotropical with some extension into the U.S.A,
K. Carystus Group. Antennal club as in Apaustus Group.
Palpi quadrantic: inner edge wider than edge against head.
33 genera. Neotropical.
L. Phlebodes Group. Groups I, J, K correspond to the
second section in the Old World Hesperiinae and groups
M, N, O to the third section. This group seems to be a
connecting link between groups J and O. It commences
with an extension of the nudum on the antennal club and
quadrate palpi: it ends up with the nudum on the club
equal to the apiculus and flattened palpi. The hindwing
termen is convex: not straight or concave as in Group O.
17 genera. Neotropical.
M. Hesperia Group. Generally tawny. Commences with
all the nudum on the club and no apiculus: gradually the
apiculus emerges and lengthens, until it is as long as the
nudum on the club, which is always constricted at the com-
mencement of the apiculus. The palpi commence by being
7
GROUPS OF THE HESPERIINAE
slender and quadrate, gradually becoming flattened, i.e. the
inner edge is narrower than the edge against the head.
36 genera. Palaearctic, Nearctic and Neotropical.
N. Lerodea Group. Brown. A small group of genera which
seem to be allied but would be out of place in any other
group. The antennae have the nudum on the club and the
apiculus sub-equal and the palpi are quadrate.
4 genera. Nearctic and Neotropical.
O. Calpodes Group. Brown. Commences with more of
the nudum on the club than on the apiculus, but generally
there is an equal distribution. The palpi are always flattened.
20 genera. Neotropical.
The Hesperiine material in the B.M. consists of 31,000
specimens, which have been arranged in 184 genera (54
new), 1024 species (203 new), and an additional 330 sub-
species (153 new): 728 published names have been placed
as synonyms of species and 53 as synonyms of genera. The
Museum has the types of 415 species, 198 sub-species and
100 of names placed as synonyms.
H. CARTEROCEPHALUS GROUP
The porrect hairy palpi, stout arcuate antennal club and
long hindwing cell readily distinguish this group from the
rest of the Hesperiinae. As far as America is concerned, the
group could be accorded subfamily status, but in Palaearctic
Eurasia (Heteropterus group) and in Africa (Astictopterus
group), there are links with the Ampittia group, which
render separation undesirable. The group is absent in the
Oriental region and Australia.
Antennae not longer than half costa F: club stout, arcuate,
tip blunt or pointed: nudum 7 to 12 segments.
Palpi hairy, porrect, third segment slender.
Legs usually abnormal. Fore tibiae often with the flap
(epiphysis) minute, seemingly deciduous, as it is frequently
absent: may be long and slender, or stout and normal:
sometimes the tibia is spined. Mid legs spined, except in
Argopteron. Hind legs may have the upper pair of spurs
absent or replaced with spines: sometimes with the spurs
and spines.
Wings broad. F cell short. H cell much longer than 4
- wing: vein 1A shorter than vein 8. Abdomen = or > dor-
sum H.
No secondary sexual characters.
Aedoeagus long and slender, inwardly furnished above the
vinculum with a bifid sheath.
KEY TO GENERA
la (6). Apiculus blunt, more or less flattened and com-
pressed at tip.
tb (3a). Antennae < } costa. Mid tibiae spined. Fore
tibiae with tiny flap. Palpi > head.
1 (2). ‘Tip of antennae rounded. Hind tibiae upper spurs
replaced by spines. Nudum g. Upf with spots in spaces
4 and 5. :
Carterocephalus. 1 species. Alaska to California and
9
H.1. CARTEROCEPHALUS
Michigan. The species occurs in the Palaearctic zone,
where the genus has 13 species.
2 (1). Tip of antennae is a minute triangular point. Hind
tibiae with upper spurs. Nudum 7, flattened. Upf with-
out spots in spaces 4 and 5.
Piruna gen. nov.: type Pholisora pirus Edwards. 9 species.
S. United States to Mexico.
3a (1b). Antennae = $ costa: tip blunt.
3b (5). Antennal club not grooved: nudum 11 to 12. Mid
tibiae spined.
3 (4). Fore tibiae with tiny flap: hind tibiae without upper
spurs. Palpi = head.
Dardarina. 8 species. Mexico. S. Brazil—Argentine.
4 (3). Fore tibiae with a long slender flap: hind tibiae with
upper spurs. Palpi > head.
Butleria. 8 species. Chili, W. Argentine.
5 (3b). Antennal club flattened and grooved or hollowed:
nudum 8. Fore tibiae with small flap: mid tibiae smooth:
hind tibiae with short upper spurs. Palpi > head. Apex
H produced, > dorsum F.
Argopteron. 2 species. Chili, W. Argentine.
6 (1a). Apiculus gradual, sharply pointed: nudum 12.
Palpi = head. Legs variable: mid tibiae always spined.
Dalla. 73 species. Mexico to Bolivia and Argentine.
Absent in Guiana.
Keys to Species
H.]. CARTEROCEPHALUS Lederer 1852: type palaemon
Pallas: fixed by Scudder 1875 as pamiscus Fabricius, which is
a synonym of palaemon.
Synonyms. Aubertia Oberthtir 1896: type dulcis Oberthax:
fixed by Lindsey 1925.
Pamphilida Lindsey 1925, to replace Carterocephalus in-
correctly (see Hemming 1934) considered to be a synonym
of Steropes Boisduval.
Antennae shorter than half costa: shaft chequered: club
flattened, apiculus with a blunt rounded tip: nudum 9 = $
club. Palpi porrect, longer than head, hairy. Legs: fore
tibiae with a small central flap: mid tibiae spined: hind tibiae
ice)
H.z. PIRUNA
with the upper spurs reduced to spines. F with spots in
spaces 4 and 5.
Single species.
palaemon. 1 American sub-species.
Differs very slightly from the European palaemon. Unh
tawnier, contrasting more with the whiter markings: this
is particularly noticeable before the termen, where the
postdiscal spots look quite different from the tawnier sub-
marginal series. § F 14 mm.
Sub-sp. mandan Edwards 1868: Winnipeg. Fig Holland:
genitalia by Lindsey, Bell & Williams 1935.
Synonyms. mesapano Scudder 1868: Maine. Fig Klots.
skada Edwards 1870: 3 Alaska. Fig Holland.
B.M.1 ¢ 12 Alaska. 15 1 2 Klondyke. 32 33 2 Alberta
(larger and brighter). 4 g 2 2 Ontario. 3 g$ Manitoba.
7 3 2 2 Brit Colombia. 1 ¢ Michigan. 3 ¢ California
(Plumas Co).
H.2. PIRUNA Evans (see page 10): type purus Edwards:
fixed by author.
Antennae < #4 costa: club flattened ending in a small
triangular point: nudum 7 = 4 club. Palpi porrect > head,
hairy. Fore tibiae with a small central flap. Hind tibiae with
2 pairs of spurs, the upper pair may be short. Upf without
spots in spaces 4 and 5. ¢ 10-13 mm.
la (7a). Unh without postdiscal spots.
1b (3a). Upf no spot at base of space 2. Uph and unh
unmarked. Upf spots small.
1 (2). Unh chocolate, sometimes dark ferruginous beyond
end of cell. Upf very small spots in spaces 2, 3, 6, 8 and
cell of which some or all may be absent.
brunnea Scudder 1872: 2 Guatemala.
Synonym. cyclosticta Dyar 1920: 5 Mexico. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 3 3 1 2 Mexico (Oaxaca). 1 $ Guatemala.
2 (1). Unh uniform ferruginous. Upf with small spots in
spaces 2, 3, 6, 7, 8 and cell: some or all of the discal spots
may be absent and, more rarely, even the apical spots.
Ao Li
H.2. PIRUNA
pirus Edwards 1878: g Colorado. Fig Holland 1935: geni-
talia by Lindsey, Bell & Williams 1935.
Synonym. semicaeca Mabille and Boullet 1917: 3 Utah.
B.M. 15 3 2 2 Colorado. 10 § 6 9 New Mexico. 2 3 2 2
Arizona. 1 ¢ 1 9 Utah.
3a (1b). Upf (or unf) with a spot at base of space 2 under the
cell spot.
3b (5a). Unh with conspicuous central silver spots. Upf
and uph with conspicuous spots.
3 (4). Unh ferruginous: double spot end cell and spots
below it in spaces 2 and Ic: spot in cell present or absent.
polingii Barnes 1900: $ Huachuca Mts., Arizona. Fig
Holland: Seitz: genitalia by Lindsey, Bell & Williams.
B.M. 5 ¢ 1 2 Arizona. 2 9 Mexico (Partiaux).
4 (3). Unh densely overlaid with ochreous scales: spot in
cell, double spot at end cell, spot in space 2 and a silver
streak in space Ic from base to termen (omitted in
Hewitson’s figure).
ceracates Hewitson 1874: $ Mexico: figured: type B.M.
Fig Seitz, but uph has an extra spot near costa and unh
= pyrans.
B.M. Only the type.
5a (3b). Unh with inconspicuous markings.
5 (6). ¢ F 13 mm. Unh described as brownish-grey with
matt-brown long spots. B.M. specimens have unh (and
apex unf) densely overlaid greenish-grey with almost or
quite invisible small whitish spots, 2 just after end cell in
spaces 4 and 5, one near base of space 2 and one in cell.
gyrans Plotz 1884: Mexico. Fig Seitz, upperside only:
underside as the Seitz fig of ceracates.
Synonyms. anomala Mabille 1889: 3 Mexico.
leucospila Godman 1900: name on plate 92/4-6 of the
Biologia, but in text referred to as anomala and Godman
1907 states that anomala = gyrans.
B.M. 4 3 Mexico (Omilteme, Guerrero, 8000 feet).
6 (5). ¢ F 12 mm. Upf the discal spot in space 2 and the
3 conjoined apical spots are unusually large: the spot near
base of space 2 is small and absent unf. Uph a double
white spot at end of cell and the spot mid space 2 are small
12
H.2. PIRUNA
and clear. Unh (and apex unf) overlaid greenish scales,
small white spots as on uph. ¢ F 11 mm.
sticta nov.: ¢ Bolanos, Jalisco, Mexico: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
7a (1a). Unh with more or less well-developed postdiscal
white dots in spaces 1c (double), 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, as well as
a spot end cell, mid cell, mid space 2 and mid space tc.
3 spots above and unf very variable. Unf costa and all
unh with sparse dull ochreous scaling.’ ¢ F 10 mm.
7b (g). Unh the spot in space 7 placed immediately over
the spot end cell.
7 (8). & below, cilia chequered, dark brown at end of each
vein. Upf typically with tiny white spots in spaces 2, 3, 6,
8 and an upper dot in cell: may be spot mid space 2. Uph
typically with a double spot at end of cell and a spot near
base of space 2: may be absent. Unf typically with an
elongate spot in space 10 (omitted in plate), over a small
upper cell spot and a spot at base space 2, all in line: other
spots as above, but there may also be a dot in space 7
and an upper dot in space 1b. Unh markings generally
complete.
microsticta Godman 1900: .¢ Chilpancingo, Mexico: ¢
(not 2 as stated) and genitalia figured: type B.M.
B.M. 1 g Texas. 3 $ Mexico (type: Amula: Cuernavaca,
Lepic).
8 (7). 3 2 cilia not chequered. 3 upf spots reduced to
minute dots, except for a narrow streak across cell and a
conspicuous elongate spot near base of space 2. Uph spots
conspicuous, mid cell, end cell and near base of space 2.
Unf spots prominent, including the spot in space 10. Unh
the postdiscal’ spots very reduced. 2 upf completely
spotted, including a spot mid costa, across cell and a small
spot near base of space 2. Uph spots as in 3. Unh the
postdiscal spots are complete in one specimen, nearly
obsolete in the other. Genitalia like microsticta and may be
a sub-species.
aea Dyar 1912: 3 Sierra de Guerrero, Mexico. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. penaea Dyar 1918: Sierra de Guerrero,
Mexico. Fig Seitz. Probably 2 of aea.
ns
H.3. DARDARINA
B.M. 1 g Mexico. 1 2 Guerrero. 1 2 Vente de Zopilote,
2800 feet, Guerrero.
9 (7b). Unh spot in space 7 placed midway between the spot
in space 6 and the cell spot. Cilia not chequered. Clasp of
genitalia narrower.
cingo. 2 sub-species.
(a). g unf spotted as in microsticta, but no spot in space 10,
only an upper cell spot and the spot near base of space 2 is
small. Upf spots tend to be small and may be absent. Uph
no spot in cell: spot end cell and in space 2 faint. Unh
spotting complete. 2 upf spots complete and unh they are
complete and conspicuous.
Sub-sp. cingo nov: ¢ Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 4600 feet:
August: H. H. Smith: type B.M.
B.M. -1-d1 9 typelee 1 ¢ Mexieo:
(b). g above and unf unmarked. Unh spots small but
complete.
Sub-sp. sombra nov: ¢ Guatemala: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
H.3. DARDARINA Evans 1937: type dardaris Hewitson:
fixed by author.
Antennae = 4 costa: apiculus tapering to a blunt point:
nudum of 11 segments = 3 club. Palpi = head, third seg-
ment short. Fore tibiae with a very small, deciduous flap:
hind tibiae without the upper pair of spurs. Upf with spots
in spaces 4 and 5. ¢ F g-10 mm.
la (5a). Unh no conspicuous black spots.
tb (3a). Upf no conspicuous white spots in space 1b.
1 (2). Uph with 2 central white spots as usual, at end cell
and base of space 2. Upf the spots in spaces 4, 5 are often
absent, but nearly always present unf, as well as a bar at
end of cell.
dardaris Hewitson 1877: 3 Mexico: type B.M. Fig
Godman & Salvin ¢ and genitalia: Seitz.
B.M. 21 3 3 2 Mexico (Guerrero. Guadalajara. Colima.
Chilpancingo).
2 (1). Uph with a single white spot, at end of cell.
14
H.3. DARDARINA
amadryas Hayward 1942: ¢ Brazil: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
3a (1b). Upf with 1 or 2 conspicuous white spots in space rb.
3 (4). Unh with numerous equally prominent white spots.
tessellata Hayward 1934: 3 Argentine: genitalia figured.
Fig Hayward 1951: 3 and genitalia.
_ B.M. 1 $ Argentine (Cordoba).
4 (3). Unh with a large quadrate spot at end of cell, the
discal and submarginal spots inconspicuous: the sub-
marginal spots near the apex may be black.
salta Evans 1937: ¢ Argentine, Salta: type B.M. Fig
Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
Bi 5 6 2 2 Argentine (Iucuman, La Criolla. La
Rioja).
5a (1a). Unh with conspicuous black spots.
5b (7a). Unh witha double black spot (or 2 separate spots)
at base of spaces 4 and 5, just beyond a pale bar defining
end of cell: also black spots mid cell, mid space 7 and mid
space Ic: postdiscal and submarginal spots enclosing paler
spots along the margin.
5 (6). Above, fully spotted, spot in space 1b present or
absent. Unh rather light brown.
daridaeus Godman i1goo: g§ Corumba, Brazil: type B.M.
Fig Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. g ¢ Matto Grosso (Corumba). 10 g 3 2 Paraguay.
3 6 Argentine (Salta. Tucuman).
6 (5). Above, unmarked dark brown, blurred markings from
below faintly visible. Unf small, rather faint markings as
usual on a pale brown ground: 2 violet-grey spots at apex
beyond the sub-apical spots. Unh violet-grey with dark
markings as in daridaeus.
rana nov: 3 Castro, Parana: E. D. Jones: type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ type loc.
7a (5b). Unh no double black spot beyond end cell, mid cell
or mid space 7: a white spot in cell just before the white
bar at end of cell: conspicuous black submarginal spots, of
which the uppermost, in space 7, is largest. Upf spotted
as in daridaeus. Unf 2 black spots at apex.
es)
H.4. BUTLERIA:
7 (8). Uph with a conspicuous round black spot mid space
5, set in a broad yellowish area: other markings from below
may show faintly. Unh with a black spot mid space Ic as
in daridaeus, and a white spot mid space 7 over the cell
spot.
castra nov: ¢ Castro, Parana: E. D. Jones: type B.M.
BM: 3+ Castro, Parana.
8 (7). Uph with a small whitish spot before end cell and
beyond there is a blurred whitish band. Unh no black
spot mid space 1c and no white spot mid space 7.
jonesi nov: $ Castro, Parana: E. D. Jones: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 Goyaz (Campininhas). 4 ¢ 1 9 type loc.
H.4. BUTLERIA Kirby 1871: type flavomaculatus Blan-
chard: fixed by Kirby 1873 as exornatus Felder, which is a
synonym of flavomaculatus.
Antennae = $ costa: apiculus tapering to a blunt point:
nudum 12 = $club. Palpi > head. Fore tibiae with a long
central flap: mid tibiae spined: hind tibiae with 2 pairs of
spurs. F with spots in spaces 4 and 5.
la(7a). Upf cell spot midway between an inner and an outer
spot in space 2.
tb (5a). Unh with numerous pale spots.
1c (3a). Below markings F and H yellow. $ F 10-11 mm.
1 (2). Unh the spots large, generally contiguous: ground
colour varying from dark purple or ferruginous brown,
contrasting with the yellow spots, to yellow, leaving the
spots brown edged.
polyspilus Felder 1862: 3 Chili. The figures by Elwes 1903
and Seitz are of elweszt.
Synonym. vicina Reed 1877: 3 Chili: type B.M. Fig
Waterhouse 1882 (Azd to Identification of Insects).
B.M. 29 3 17 ¢ Chili (South and Valdivia).
2 (1). Unh markings small and well separated on a dark
brown ground. |
paniscoides Blanchard 1852: $ Chili.
Synonym. cauquensis Reed 1877: 3 Cauquenes, Chili:
type B.M. Fig Waterhouse 1882.
B.M. 26 3 9 9 Chili (Central).
16
H.4. BUTLERIA
3a (1c). Unf markings yellow and unh white (rarely very
pale yellow in elwest), contrasting with the markings unf.
3 (4). Above and below, with regular and more or less
complete submarginal spots on both wings. Below veins
not pale outwardly. Cilia not chequered. Unh grey-
brown. ¢ F 11-12 mm.
elwesi Evans 1939: ¢ Chili: type B.M.: genitalia figured.
- Fig as polyspilus by Elwes 1903 and Seitz.
Synonym. evansi Bryk 1944: ¢ Patagonia.
B.M. 4 33 2 Chili. 18 3 g 2 Patagonia.
4 (3). Above and below, submarginal spots absent or few
and irregular. Below veins more or less pale outwardly.
Cilia chequered. Unh purple-brown. 3g F 10-11 mm.
flavomaculatus Blanchard 1852: Chili: figured.
Synonyms. exornatus Felder 1862: $ Chili. Fig Felder
1867. |
valdivianus Philippi 1866: Chili. Fig Elwes 1903: Seitz.
facetus Plétz 1884: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
tristriata Bryk 1944: 2 Rio Aysen.
dusem Bryk 1944: = tristriata.
B.M. 148 $ 20 2 Chili.
5a (1b). Unh with few markings. ¢ F 11 mm.
5 (6). Unh ferruginous brown with small dull ochreous
spots.
quilla Evans 1939: ¢ Chili: genitalia figured: type B.M.
Beyia fg 1 2 Chill.
6 (5). Unh ochreous with a white stripe from base through
cell to termen, and another along space tc: these stripes
may be reduced to a spot end cell and there are usually
spots in spaces 2 and 3.
sotoi Reed 1877: 2 Chili: type B.M. Fig Waterhouse 1882.
Synonyms. philippu Butler 1881: g Chili: type B.M.:
figured.
vitus Plotz 1884: Chili. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 3 3 4 ¢ Chili.
7a (1a). Upf only one spot in space 2, immediately under the
cell spot. ¢ F 11-13 mm.
17
H.5. ARGOPTERON
7 (8). Unh ochreous with a more or less conspicuous
white stripe along space 1c. Upf may be spotless.
fruticolens Butler 1881: 3 Chili: type B.M.: figured. Fig
Seitz.
Synonyms. tractipennis, quadrinotatus, pulcher Butler
1881: Chili: types in B.M. Varieties.
patagonica Bryk 1944: 3 Patagonia.
B.M. 53 ¢ 22 2 Chili. 1 9 Patagonia.
8 (7). Unh ferruginous with obscure dark markings, some-
times the basal half is entirely darkened.
bissexguttatus Philippi 1860: Chili. Fig Elwes 1903: Seitz.
Synonym. apertus Plétz 1884: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 41 3 41 2 Chili. 3 ¢ Argentine (Rio Negro).
H.5. ARGOPTERON. Watson 1893: type aureipennis
Blanchard: fixed by author.
Antennae = 4 costa: shaft chequered: club slightly bent,
flattened and hollowed or grooved, ending in a blunt point:
nudum 8 = 4 club. Palpi porrect, longer than head, hairy.
Legs: fore tibiae with a small central flap, projecting like a
spur: mid tibiae smooth: hind tibiae with the upper spurs
short. H apex produced, longer than dorsum F and H. Unh
shining gold in 3, yellow in 9. Upf with large yellow spots
or band. $ F 16 mm.
| (2). Uph dark brown.
aureipennis Blanchard 1852: $ Chili: figured. Fig Stau-
dinger 1889: Seitz.
Synonyms. flavimargo Plotz 1884: 2 Chili.
tripunctatus Mabille 1891: 9 Chili.
hayward, reductulum, aysense Bryk 1944: Patagonia.
B.M.. 43 6 2.2 Chilt: 15 3 1 92 Valdivia; Cl@ee
Moldavia, Chili. 18 gS. Chili. 3 ¢ 1 2 Chili-Argentine
border. 2 $ Argentine (Rio Negro).
2 (1). Uph golden in g, yellow in 9.
puelmae Calvert 1888: $ Chili. Fig Seitz.
BIN. 4a 3S 37@-Chili.
H.6. DALLA. Mabille 1904: type eryonas Hewitson: fixed
by Lindsey 1921.
18
H.6. DALLA
Synonym. Eumesia Felder 1867: type semi-argentea Felder:
sole species included. The diagnosis was based on a speci-
men (in B.M.) of a Hesperiid with the head of a Satyrid
gummed on: consequently the name for the genus must be
regarded as untenable.
Antennae = 4 costa: club stout, tapering to a sharp point,
arcuate: nudum 12 = # club. Palpi porrect = head, hairy.
The variations in the legs are indicated in the Key. Fore
tibiae may have the flap small, as in Carterocephalus, and
there may be some spines: it may be long and slender, as in
Butleria: or it may be stout as in Hesperiidae of all other
groups. Mid tibiae always spined. Hind tibiae may have
2 pairs of spurs as usual: the upper spurs may be absent or
replaced by spines. ‘The wing shape variations are indicated
in the Key. With a few individual exceptions, there is a
remarkable similarity in genitalia throughout the genus. No
basis can be found for dividing this large genus: it has been
subdivided into 6 groups, which though somewhat artificial
are readily recognisable. Two aberrant females have been
included at the end.
la (74a). H cell long.
tb (12a). F costa concave and vein 5 upturned at its origin
towards vein 6. Fore tibiae with a small central flap
followed by a few spines. Hind tibiae with the upper spurs
degenerated to spines.
Agathocles Group
1c (11). Upf and unh with tawny or yellow markings.
1d (3a). Uph cell spot very long: unh cell and discal spots
from above very conspicuous. $ F 14 mm.
1 (2). Unh ferruginous, a long clear white cell streak and
a discal band from vein rb to apex.
calaon Hewitson 1867: $ Ecuador: type B.M.
Bavir rg type. 3d no loc:
ie 2 (1). Unh brown, a narrow, whitish streak from base cell
to termen in spaces 4 and 5, whitish spots in spaces 2 and
3, and streaks in 1b from base to termen and also in the
outer halves of spaces 2, 3, 6, 7. Unf plain, inner half of
cilia white, outer half brown. Upf shining brown with
zo
H.6. DALLA
small ochreous spots, upper spot in cell, discal in spaces 2
and 3, apical in spaces 6 and 8. Uph elongate ochreous
spots in cell, discal in spaces 2, 3, 4-5 and 7.
thalia nov: g Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
3a (1d). Uph cell spot not elongate and unh the markings
consist generally of alternating dark and pale bands. ‘The
genitalia of the following 8 species are too alike to confirm
their validity as species. ¢ F 12-14 mm.
3 (4a). Above, markings white. Upf spots in cell and
spaces 2 and 3 small and well separated: spot or streak in
space 1b present or absent. Uph sometimes with a rather
faint sub-basal spot in space 7.
orsines Hewitson 1877: 3 ? loc: type B.M. Fig Seitz as
saleca.
Synonym. albescens Draudt 1923: 3 Venezuela: figured.
B.M. 10 3 Bolivia (Yungas—La Paz. Rio Songo. Coroico).
4a (3). Above markings not white.
4 (5a). ‘Upf a conspicuous double spot across space 1b.
Above, markings pale, clear yellow. Uph no sub-basal
spot in space 7. Upf spots in spaces 2 and 3 large.
grovius. 3 sub-species.
(a). Upf with a cell spot. ah ferruginous. Uph with a
large cell spot, uniting with the discal band about origin
of vein 3.
Sub-sp. grovius Mabille 1897: ¢ Loja, Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. 7 & Ecuador (Loja). 27 ¢ Peru (Manchara.
Charape. Rio ‘Tabaconas. Chinchipa).
(b). Uph cell spot not produced to meet the discal band,
which is short and narrow, confined to spaces 4 and 5.
Otherwise as grovius.
Sub-sp. amba nov: $ Ecuador, near Ambato: type B.M.
B.M. 22 ¢ Ecuador (Ambato).
(c). Upf no cell spot or only a dot. Unh overlaid with
dense yellowish-white scaling, rendering the pale bands
white and the dark areas mottled: the discal band has an
irregular black edging. Uph the cell spot rounded, well
separated from the discal band running from space 2 to
space 5.
20
H.6. DALLA
Sub-sp. floxa nov: ¢ Peru, Amazonas, Chachapoyas: M. de
Mathan 1889: type B.M.
B.M. 8 ¢ type loc.
5a (4). Upf no conspicuous pale spot across space 1b.
5b (ga). Uph no tawny sub-basal spot in space 7.
5 (6a). Unh overlaid with violet-grey scaling, leaving only
the dark irregular edging of the usual alternating pale and
dark bands, resembling floxa. Upf the cell and discal spots
generally absent. Uph the orange cell spot and discal band
faint or absent. ¢ F 13 mm.
riza Mabille 1889: ¢ S. America: type B.M.
Synonym. guadripuncta Lindsey 1925: 3 Peru, Huacapis-
tane, Rio Tarma: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 gd type. 3 ¢ Peru(Huancabamba. Chanchamayo).
1 $ Bolivia.
6a (5). Unh no overlay of violet-grey scaling: alternating
dark and pale ferruginous bands: 2 lighter.
6 (7a). Uph markings dull ochreous. Upf markings small
and white.
agathocles. 4 sub-species.
(a). 3g above, flushed dark violet-blue, obscuring the
markings, almost entirely so on uph. ¢ F 13 mm.
Sub-sp. polydesma Mabille 1889: Merida, Venezuela.
BM 5 6 Venezuela.
(b). 3g above, the blue flush present, but much fainter:
absent in 2. ¢ F 13 mm.
Sub-sp. agathocles Felder 1867: 9 Colombia: figured: type
B.M. Fig in Seitz is of costala. Fig Hayward 1943, geni-
talia.
B.M. 28 3 2 2 Colombia (Bogota).
(c). Above, the blue flush absent, markings well defined.
Generally larger, ¢ F 14 mm.
Sub-sp. lanna nov: ¢ Ecuador, Loja: type B.M.
B.M. 23 ¢ Colombia (Cauca). 12 ¢ Ecuador (Loja). 5 3
Ecuador (Chimbo. Ambato. Rio Pastaza). 8 ¢ Peru
(Manchara. Rio 'T'abaconas. Huacapistane. Rio Colorado).
(d). Small, ¢ F 13 mm., dull form of Janna with the
markings upf reduced to pin points and often absent in the
cell. Unh darker.
an
H.6. DALLA
Sub-sp. lonia nov: $ Peru, Huancabamba: 6800 feet: A. E.
Pratt: type B.M.
B.M. 4 ¢ type loc.
7a (6). Uph markings bright orange: upf spots orange.
7 (8). Uph cell spot round, widely separated from the
discal band. Unh dark, as lonia. Small, 3 F 12 mm.
lenda nov: $ Ecuador, Loja: Dec. 1892: P. Dognin: type
B.M
B.M. 7 5 Ecuador (Zamora). 12 $ Ecuador (Loja).
8 (7). Uph cell spot enlarged, running into the discal band
at the origin of vein 3, as in grovius. Unh the pale bands
faint. ¢ F 13 mm,
lorda nov: $ Ecuador, Loja: type B.M.
B.M. 6 g Ecuador (Loja). 2 $ Ecuador (Zamora).
9a (5b). Uph with a yellow sub-basal spot over the cell spot.
g (10). Unh ferruginous with paler bands as in agathocles.
6 F 12 mm.
costala. 3 sub-species.
(a). Uph the central spot large, much wider than the
discal band from which it is well separated, recalling
grovius amba.
Sub-sp. ascha nov: $ Peru, Huancabamba, 6—10,000 feet:
type B.M.
B.M. 15 $ Peru (Huancabamba. Pozuzo. La Merced).
(b). Uph the central spot enlarged so as to meet the discal
band about the origin of vein 3, as in grovius and lorda.
Sub-sp. zona nov: $ Peru, Amazonas, Chachapoyas: M. de
Mathan 1889: type B.M.
B.M. 7 ¢ type loc.
(c). Uph the central and discal bands of equal width and
wide apart.
Sub-sp. costala nov: 3 Bolivia, Cochabamba, Yungas del
Espirito Santo: P. Germain 1889: type B.M. Fig Seitz
as agathocles. ‘
B.M. 63 ¢ Peru (Limbani. Carabaya. Uruhasi. Rio
Inambari). 24 3 5 @ Bolivia (Cocapata. Rio Songo.
Tanampaya. La Paz. Chaco. Cochabamba).
10 (9). Unh (and apex unf) densely overlaid pale greenish or
22
H.6. DALLA
violet scaling, obscuring the markings. Above, as costala
but uph the costal spot in space 7 is as large or larger than
the cell spot. Large, g° F 15°mm.
huanca nov: § Huancabamba, N. Peru: 6—10,000 feet: type
B.M.
B.M. 8 ¢ type loc.
Il (1c). Above and below unmarked dark brown. Wing
shape of 71za. 3 F 13 mm. Genitalia differ remarkably
from the rest of the group.
sepia nov: 3 W. slopes of Andes, N. Peru, 4000 feet: June
1Ot2 22.) ©. Pratt: type B.Iv.
B.M. Only the type.
12a (1b). F costa straight: vein 5 not bent up.
12b (56a). Uph conspicuously marked.
12c (21a). Uph with a tawny or yellow cell spot and a
separate discal band: sometimes the cell spot is absent and
sometimes the cell spot and discal band are conjoined but
are separate unh.
Polycrates Group
12d (17a). Fore tibiae with the flap fully developed, stout
and reaching the tarsus. Hind tibiae with 2 pairs of spurs.
g F over 15 mm.
12 (13a). Upf witha large yellow spot towards base of
space 1b under the origin of vein 2.
hesperioides. 2 sub-species. .
(a). ¢ F17mm. Uph cell spot and discal band conjoined.
Sub-sp. hesperioides Felder 1867: 3 Colombia: type B.M.:
figured. Fig Seitz: Hayward 1943, genitalia.
B.M. 7 3 4 2 Colombia.
(b). g F 15 mm. Above, markings darker and more
separated. Unh ferruginous, markings dusky orange in-
stead of clear yellow. |
Sub-sp. hister nov: ¢ S. Peru, Limbani: March 1904:
G. Ockenden. .
B.M. Only the type.
13a (12). Upf the spot in space 1b absent or just a small spot
in middle, against vein 1.
a5)
H.6. DALLA
13b (16). Unh markings inconspicuous. ¢ F 18 mm.
13 (14a). Unh markings absent or very faint, not defined
by dark lines. Uncus arms wide apart.
polycrates. 3 sub-species.
(a). Upf cell spot and spot in space 2 contiguous, their inner
edges in line. Unh densely overlaid olive ochreous scales.
Sub-sp. polycrates Felder 1867: ¢ Colombia: type B.M.:
figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 4 3 Colombia.
(b). Above as polycrates, but with a small spot in space 1b
upf. Unh pale ferruginous, no ochreous super-scaling,
cell and discal spots faint.
Sub-sp. ambala nov: ¢ Ecuador, Ambato: type B.M.
B.M. 3 6 type loc. 5 ¢ Peru (Huancabamba).
(c). Smaller, g F 17 mm. Upf spots in space 2 and cell
separated, dot in space 1b present. Unh darker than
ambala and markings clearer. |
Sub-sp. lania nov: $ S.E. Peru, Aqualani, 10,000 feet:
G. Ockenden: October: type B.M. -
B.M. 10 ¢ type loc. 3 ¢ Bolivia (Cochabamba).
14a (13). Unh ferruginous with rather darker markings
more or less well defined with dark lines. Uncus arms
appressed together.
14 (15). Seen from the side, the uncus is conspicuously
curved over the gnathos. Unh the pale spot in the cell
immediately under and in continuation of the basal spot
in space 6.
epiphanaeus. 7 sub-species.
(a). Upf cell spot and spot in space 2 very large, conti-
guous, edges in line: usually a double spot in space 1b.
Cilia ferruginous. Uph spot in space 2 absent.
Sub-sp. epiphanaeus Felder 1867: ¢ Colombia: type B.M.:
figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 7 $ Colombia (Bogota).
(b). Only differs from epiphanaeus in lacking the spot in
space Ibupf. 9 with a narrow silvery line along the termen
unf and unh.
Sub-sp. superior Draudt 1923: Colombia, Mt Tolima:
figured. Fig Hayward 1943, genitalia.
24
H.6. DALLA
B.M. 1 $ Colombia (Cauca). 33 3 2 2 Ecuador (Bafios.
Ambato. Rio Blanco).
(c). Larger, ¢ F 20 mm. Upf spots in cell and space 2
separate, not overlapping, but the spot in space 2 is nearer
to the cell spot than to the spot in space 3: small lower spot
in space 1b. Uph spot in space 2 present and spot in
spaces 4-5 larger. Cilia paler on H, but not white.
ae -sp. gaujoni Mabille 1897: 3 Zamora, Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. 11 g Ecuador (Zamora).
_(d). Upf intermediate between epzphanaeus and gawont:
spots in cell and space 2 separate, but their edges in line:
spot in space 1b absent or present. Uph spot in space 2
absent. Cilia as in gaujont.
Sub-sp. poya nov: ¢ Peru, Amazonas, Chachapoyas: M. de
Mathan 1889: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 type loc. 1 g¢ Upper Amazons (Nauta).
(e). Differs only from gaujont in having the cilia H
whitened from vein 4 to tornus.
Sub-sp. anca nov: $ Huancabamba, Peru: type B.M.
B.M. 13 $ Huancabamba, Peru.
(f). Upf spots in spaces 3, 2, and cell equally wide apart:
conspicuous lower spot in space 1b. Uph spot in space 2
conspicuous and spot in spaces 4-5 more elongate. Cilia
H broadly pale yellow from vein 2 to tornus.
Sub-sp. limba nov: ¢ Limbani, Carabaya, Peru: g500 feet:
May 1904: G. Ockenden: type B.M.
B.M. 28 $2 ¢5.E. Peru (Limbani. Marcapata. Aqua-
lani. S. Domingo).
(g). Differs from mba in having smaller spots and the
cilia on the tornal half hind are white.
Sub-sp. junga nov: ¢ Bolivia: type B.M.
B.M. 15 3 Bolivia (Cochabamba).
y=
15 (14). Seen from the side, the uncus is straight, parallel
to the gnathos. Unh the pale spot in the cell is oblique to
the spot in space 6 and points to base oe cell, instead of
across cell. ¢ F 18 mm.
frontinia. 3 sub-species.
(a). Like epiphanaeus. Upf spot in space 1b present. Uph
cell spot may be absent: spot in space 2 may be present.
25
H.6. DALLA
Sub-sp. frontinia nov: ¢g Frontinia, Antioquia: H. K.
Salmon: type B.M.
B.M. 7 $3 Colombia (Frontinia. Bogota). 4 g¢ Ecuador
(Zamora. Ambato). 1 g “Peru” and 1 ¢ “Bolivia”,
probably from Colombia.
(b). Upf spots yellower: spot in space 2 separated from
cell spot and smaller, nearer cell spot than to spot in
space 3.
Sub-sp. venda nov: $ Venezuela: type B.M.
B.M. 10 $ Venezuela. 1 ¢ Peru (Cuzco).
(c). Like epzphanaeus anca. Upf spot in space 2 nearer the
cell spot than to the spot in space 3: a lower spot in
space 1b. Uph with a spot in space 2. Cilia H tornally
white.
Sub-sp. vanea nov: ¢ Huancabamba: type B.M.
B.M. 15 ¢ Huancabamba. 1 ¢ Marcapata, Peru.
16 (13b). Unh ferruginous, unmarked except for a conspi-
cuous yellow spot beyond end cell, corresponding to the
single spot uph, and more or less developed submarginal
markings. Cilia H white.
cyprius. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf and unf no cell spot. ¢ F 16 mm.
Sub-sp. quinka nov: 3 Marcapata, ae 4500 feet: type
B.M.
B.M. 7 3 Peru (Marcapata. Cee Rio Inambari).
(b). Upf and unf with a conspicuous cell spot. ¢ F
I5 mm.
Sub-sp. cyprius Mabille 1897: 3 Bolivia: figured. Fig in
Seitz = caenis.
B.M. 23 3 Bolivia (Cochabamba. San Jacinto).
17a (12d). Fore tibiae with a small central flap. Hind tibiae
with 2 pairs of spurs. ¢ F under 15 mm.
17b (19a). Upf with a second, inner, spot in space 2, in
addition to the usual discal spot. 3 F 12 mm.
17 (18). Upf the inner spot in space 2 extends into space
tb. Unf dorsum not white to vein 1. Unh veins pale and
markings more numerous.
bubobon Dyar 1921: 3 Mexico. Photo of type in B.M.
B.M. None.
26
H.6. DALLA
18 (17). Upf no spot in space 1b. Unf dorsum whitish.
pulchra Godman 1goo: ¢ Costa Rica: type B.M.: figured.
Fig Seitz.
B.M. 4 3 1 9 Costa Rica.
19a (17b). Upf no inner spot in space 2. Hind tibiae spined.
1g (20). Uph with a conspicuous tawny spot in cell, as
well as a band from space 2 to space 5. Upf an irregular
discal spot across space 1b: spot in space 2 directly under
the cell spot: spot in space 3 mid spot in space 2 and
_termen: apical spots in spaces 6-8. Unh like epiphanaeus.
é F 14 mm.
' taza nov: ¢ Bafios, Rio Pastaza, E. Ecuador: 5—7000 feet:
Y
M. G. Palmer: type B.M.
B.M. 4 $ Colombia. 9 $ Ecuador (type loc).
20 (19). Uph no cell spot. Upf spots white. ¢ F 16 mm.
ligilla Hewitson 1877: ? loc. Described as new with same
name by Pl6étz 1883. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. dividuum Dyar 1913: Mexico. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 13 S$ Mexico (Guerrero).
2la (12c). Uph with a large central white, yellow or tawny
spot with its centre about end of cell.
21b (44a). Unf with an isolated spot in space 3, placed
rather nearer to the termen than to the cell spot.
Cypselus Group
21c (24a). Unh basal half white or yellow: outer half
chocolate or ferruginous. Above, markings white. Fore
tibiae with small central flap. Hind tibiae upper spurs
reduced, spined.
21d (23). Unf no discal white spot in space rb: apical
spots irregular. End of cuiller at right angles to clasp.
21 (22). Unh dark border as wide as the pale basal area,
which is more or less yellow. Uph white spot in space 7
smaller than the cell spot and not conjoined to the white
costal streak. Central projection of cuiller narrow and
equals distance between it and the upper projection.
dimidiatus 3 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 18 mm. Uph the white central area extends into
A.H.—3 27
H.6. DALLA
space 1c and base of space 2. Unh basal area generally
yellow.
Sub-sp. dimidiatus Felder 1867: 3 Colombia: type B.M.:
figured, but the fig has a white unh, not yellow as described
and as in the type. Fig Seitz, correctly. Fig Hayward
1943, genitalia.
Synonym. xantholeuca Plotz 1884: Venezuela. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 24 3 Venezuela. 17 g Colombia. 10 $ Cauca,
Colombia (including an apparent hybrid to miser). 30 3
1 9 Ecuador (Ambato. Rio Pastaza. Vizcay).
(b). ¢ F 17. Uph white central area not extending below
cell. Unh basal area generally yellowish-white.
Sub-sp. lilla nov: ¢ La Oroya, Rio Inambari, S.E. Peru:
3000 feet: March 1908: G. Ockenden: type B.M. |
B.M. 10 $ Ecuador (Zamora. Loja. Rio Numbala). 19 3
Peru (Rio Tabaconas. Pozuzo. Cuzco. Uruhasi. Chaqui-
mayo. Carabaya. Aqualani). 4 3 Bolivia (La Paz).
(c). As /lla, but unh basal area clear yellow and outer
area bright ferruginous.
Sub-sp. pucer nov: $ Huayabamba, S.E. of Chachapoyas,
Amazonas, Peru: 3500 feet: O. T’. Barron:.type B.M.
B.M. 6 ¢ Huancabamba, Peru. 4 ¢ type loc.
22 (21). Unh dark border narrower than the pale area, which
is quite white. Uph the white central area extends into
spaces 1c and 2, but unh it does not enter space 2 and the
white area there is sharply indented. Central process of
cuiller is very broad, much broader than the distance
between it and the upper process. ¢ F 17 mm.
cocha nov: ¢ Bolivia, Cochabamba: P. Germain 1888: type
B.M. Resembles fig by Felder 1867 of dimidiatus.
B.M. 3 3 Peru (Pozuzo. Amazonas). 22 3 Bolivia (La
Paz. ‘Tanampaya. Coroico. Cochabamba. S. Jacinto).
23 (21d). Unf with amore or less well-marked double discal
spot in space 1b: apical spots regular, equal and in line.
End of cuiller sloped at an angle of 60 degrees to the clasp.
Uph white area as in typical dimidiatus but more rounded.
Unf apex paler brown, not ferruginous. Unh basal clear
white area broader than the dark border and extends into
spaces 2 and ic, where it is prolonged towards the termen,
28 ,
H.6. DALLA
thus projecting beyond the rest of the white area: the dark
border inwardly dark brown and outwardly paler, no dark
spots or ferruginous tinge as in the previous 2 species.
a Fag mm.
miser nov: ¢ Carabaya; dry season, 2500-6000 feet: June
1904: G. Ockenden: type B.M.
- B.M. 16 3 Colombia (Bogota. Cauca. Frontinia). 27 3
Peru (Huancabamba. Chanchamayo. Cuzco. Pozuzo.
Cosnipata. Carabaya. Rio Inambari).
24a (21c). Unh ferruginous to chocolate with a large central
pale area as on uph.
24b (36a). Upf cell spot separated from the spot in space 2,
or,may be absent.
24 (25a). Unh central pale area divided by dark veins (2,
3 and cubitus). Uph central area white. Fore tibiae with
a long slender central flap, reaching tarsus: hind tibiae
with short upper spurs.
caicus. 2:sub-species.
(a). $ F 17mm. Unh spots yellow.
Sub-sp. caicus Hewitson 1868: 3 Venezuela: type B.M. Fig
Hewitson 1876: Seitz.
B.M. 8 3 Venezuela.
(b). g¢ F 18 mm. Unh spots white.
Sub-sp. inca Draudt 1923: S. Peru: figured. Fig Hayward
1943, genitalia.
B.M. 1 $ Colombia (Frontinia). 23 g¢ Ecuador (Ambato.
Bafios. Zamora). 15 ¢ Peru (Huancabamba. Marcapata.
Uruhasi. Inambari). 7 3 1 2 Bolivia (Chaco. Songo).
25a (24). Unh veins not darkened on the central pale area.
25b (30a). Unh pale brown or pale ferruginous: yellow
markings external to the yellow central area faint and
inconspicuous.
25c (29). Unh the central yellow area extends basad to
before the origin of vein 2. Legs as in caicus.
25d (27a). Unh the faint yellow inner spot in space 7 is
united to the central yellow area. ¢ F 16 mm.
25 (26). Unh outer edge of the central yellow area evenly
rounded and regular.
as)
H.6. DALLA
hilina Butler 1870: 3 Venezuela: type B.M. Genitalia Fig
Hayward 1943.
B.M. 2 3 Colombia. 2 ¢ Venezuela.
26 (25). Unh outer edge of the central yellow area irregular,
stepped at vein 4.
dognini Mabille 1889: 3 Loja, Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. 35 3 Ecuador (Loja. Zamora. Rio Pastaza.
Ambato). 33 3 Peru (Huancabamba. Chanchamayo.
Amazonas. Uruhasi). 11 3 Bolivia (Tanampaya. Apalo-
bamba).
27a (25d). Unh the faint yellow inner spot in space 7 is not
united to the central yellow area.
27 (28). Unh the central yellow area narrow, extends
along one third of space 2. ¢ F 14 mm.
dora Bell 1947: $ Zamora, Ecuador: sc figured.
B.M. 1 ¢ Ecuador (Loja).
28 (27). Unh the central yellow area broad, extends to
middle of space 2. ¢ F 15 mm.
scylla Mabille 1897: Bolivia: figured. Fig Seitz as evages.
BM.‘2°3-> Colombia’ {coll mr 4 5 Peru (Huanca-
bamba).
29 3S Bolivia (La Paz. vine: San Jacinto. Coroico.
Cochabamba. Cuallani).
29 (25c). Unh central yellow area not extending basad
beyond the origin of vein 2. Fore tibiae with a tiny central
flap and spined at back: hind tibiae with the upper spurs
replaced by several short spines. Unh central yellow area
more or less dark edged, followed by a dark postdiscal line,
but area between may be filled in, |, making a band as in
dora. § F 13mm.
genes 4 sub-species.
(a). Upf no spot in space 1b. Uph upper part of the
tawny area prolonged inwards to mid cell, does not enter
space 6 and lower part in spaces 2 and 3 ‘is divided by a
dark vein. Unh pale areas faint.
Sub-sp. saleca Mabille 1897: 3 erro type B.M. Fig in
Seitz = orsines.
B.M. 2 3 Colombia (Bogota).
30
H.6. DALLA
(b). Upf spot in space rb absent or present. Unh central
pale area may be yellow or white: it extends along upper
edge of cell nearly to midway between origin of vein 7 and
the base, its inner edge in line with the inner edge of the
pale spot in space 7 and it fills the base of space 7.
Sub-sp. genes Mabille 1897: ¢ Zamora, Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. 4 3 Ecuador, Zamora.
(c). Upf typically with an upper and a lower spot in
space Ib, but one or both may be absent. Unh the tawny
_ central area restricted, reaching to just before the origin
of vein 7 and its inner edge is not in line with the inner
edge of the spot in space 7: typically 2 spots in space 7,
entering space 6.
Sub-sp. golia nov: $ Huancabamba, N.E. Peru: 8—10,000
feet: type B.M.
B.M. 9 3 Huancabamba. 3 ¢ Peru (Amazonas, Chacha-
poyas).
(d). Unh pale area does not enter space 6 and the spots
in space 7 are very faint or absent. Upf spot in space rb
may be double, single or absent. Uph the pale central
area may be yellow or white.
Sub-sp. nona nov: 3 La Paz, Bolivia: type B.M.
B.M. 26 3 Peru (Carabaya. Marcapata. Cuzco). 5 ¢
Bolivia (La Paz. Chaco).
30a (25b). Unh dark ferruginous to chocolate. Fore tibiae
with long flap, reaching tarsus. Hind tibiae with two pairs
of spurs.
30b (34a). Unh central area tawny, on dark ferruginous
ground.
30¢ (3 3). Unh central area clear tawny: submarginal
markings more or less incomplete.
30 (31a). Upt no cell spot. ¢ F 15 mm.
vinca nov: 3 Huancabamba, N.E. Peru: type B.M.
VL. 1/3 n type loc.
3la (30). Upf cell spot present.
31 (32). Unh usually the only marking outside the central
tawny area is a subtornal spot, but often there are faint
submarginal spots.
cypselus. 2 sub-species.
31
H.6. DALLA
(a). $ F 15 mm. Uph central area narrow, rectangular.
Sub-sp. cypselus Felder 1867: 3 Colombia: figured: type
B.M. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 10 3 Venezuela. 49 ¢ Colombia (Bogota. Cauca).
(b). ¢ F 14 mm. Unh central area circular and lighter.
Sub-sp. evages Hewitson 1877: 3 Bolivia: type B.M. Fig
by Seitz = scylla. Genitalia fig Hayward 1943.
B.M. 10 ¢ Ecuador (Loja. Zamora. Rio Pastaza). 51 3
Peru (Rio Tabaconas. Chanchamayo. Pozuzo. Cara-
baya). 31 ¢ Bolivia (Tanampaya. La Paz. Cochabamba).
32 (31). Unh the subapical spot in space 7 as conspicuous
as the subtornal spot: often also an inner spot in space 7.
$ F 13 mm.
spica. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf cell spot and spot in space 1b small, as usual.
Sub-sp. livia nov: 3 Bolivia, Cochabamba: type B.M. Fig
by Mabille 1847 as gelus var and by Seitz as gelus.
B.M. 1 3 ““Panama’’. 41 3 Peru (Huancabamba. Ama-
zonas. Chanchamayo. Marcapata. Rio Inambari). 24 3
Bolivia (Cochabamba. ‘Tanampaya. La Paz. Charaplaya).
(b). Upf cell spot continued across cell and spot in space
tb also continued across that space.
Sub-sp. spica Hayward 1939: 3 Tucuman, Argentine. Fig
Hayward 1951.
B.M. 2 ¢ Argentine (Tucuman).
33 (30c). Unh central area dull tawny: submarginal spots
complete, though often suffused. 2 unh purple washed.
quasca. 2 sub-species.
(a). a) 14 mim,
Sub-sp. quasca Bell 1947: ¢ Colombia: genitalia figured.
B.M. 18 g¢ 1 2 Colombia (Bogota. Cauca. Cundina-
marca). 1 ¢ Venezuela (Merida).
(b). g F 15 mm.- Unh brighter, more mottled: spot in
space 7 larger, submarginal spots more developed and
sometimes reach to spaceé 7.
Sub-sp. equatoria Bell 1947: $ Bafios, Ecuador.
B.M. 87 3 1 2 Ecuador (Bafios, Ambato. Loja. Zamora).
34a (30b). Unh central area white or pale yellow on a
chocolate ground. ¢ F 13 mm.
32
ae _—
H.6. DALLA
34 (35). Unh spot base 7 conjoined to the cell spot: sub-
marginal markings variable, complete or absent.
gelus Mabille 1897: ¢ Loja, Ecuador: type B.M.: figured,
but the fig is of a variety and = livia as does fig in Seitz.
Fig Hayward 1943, genitalia.
Synonym. wicina Mabille 1897: = gelus: also the name
is a homonym by Reed 1877.
B.M. 18 $ Ecuador (Loja. Zamora).
35 (34). Unh spot base 7 not conjoined to the cell
spot. :
cupavia. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf cell spot absent or a dot. Unh sub-basal spot in
space 7 very small: submarginal spots from complete to
absent.
Sub-sp. elka nov: ¢ Peru, Amazonas, Chachapoyas: type
B.M.
B.M. 15 3S Peru (Amazonas. Huancabamba. Pozuzo.
Rio Colorado. Carabaya).
(b). Upf small cell spot present. Unh basal spot in space 7
usually very large and extended as a streak along space oF
submarginal spots variable.
Sub-sp. cupavia Mabille 1897: 3 Bolivia: type B.M.
Synonym. charybdis Draudt 1923: 3 Bolivia: figured.
B.M. 20 g S. Peru (Uruhasi, Marcapata. Carabaya).
2 3 Bolivia (Chaco. Cochabamba. ‘Tanampaya. San
Jacinto. Charaplaya).
36a (24b). Upf cell spot completely conjoined to spot in
space 2: only separated by vein.
36b (40a). Upf conspicuous lower spot mid space rb.
36c (39). Unh ferruginous brown. Legs as in cypselus.
36d (38). Unh central area clear yellow, sharply defined.
36 (37). Unh generally with complete submarginal spots.
$ F 14mm. Very like gelus.
frater Mabille 1878: g Peru: type B.M: Fig Hayward
1943, genitalia.
B.M. 1 § Panama. 13 g Colombia. 5 3 Venezuela. 3 3
W. Ecuador (Huigra). 14 ¢ Peru (Cuzco. Marcapata.
Inambari. Uruhasi. ‘Chaquimayo. 2 3 Bolivia (Chara-
playa).
33
H.6. DALLA
37 (36). Unh generally unmarked except for the central area
and a subtornal spot. ¢ F 15 mm. Like cvpselus.
mesoxantha Plotz 1884: ¢ Venezuela. Fig Seitz: Hayward
1943, genitalia.
Synonym. wirius Mabille 1897: 3 Zamora: type B.M.
B.M. 2 S$ Colombia. 5 $ Venezuela. 10 $ Ecuador
(Ambato. Bafios. Rio Pastaza). 7 3g Peru (Pozuzo.
Carabaya. Rio Inambari). 1 3 Bolivia (Cochabamba).
38 (36d). Unh central area dull dark orange, submarginal
markings faint and diffused, or absent, usually only a
subtornal spot and a spot near base of space 7. 3 F
15mm. Very like quasca.
merida nov: 3 Merida, Venezuela: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Colombia (Bogota). 5 3$ Venezuela (Merida).
39 (36c). Unh ochreous brown, the central pale area faint,
defined by brown spots. Uph central area yellow and
large. $ F 13 mm. Fore tibiae with a short flap: hind
tibiae with the upper spurs very short.
geon Mabille 1897: $ Loja, Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. 3 ¢ Ecuador (Loja. Zamora).
40a (36b). Upf no spot mid space 1b. Markings pale yellow
or white.
40b (43). Unh no spot near base cell: ground colour
chocolate.
4oc (42). Upf cell spot large, across the cell. ¢ F 13 mm.
40 (41). Unh unmarked except for the central white area
and a white subtornal spot. Legs missing in type.
octomaculata Godman 1goo: ¢ Costa Rica: figured: type
B.M. Fig Seitz.
B.M. Only the type.
41 (40). Unh with conspicuous submarginal spots and base
of costa (space 8) is white. Fore tibiae with long slender
flap: hind tibiae without the upper spurs.
oxaites Hewitson 1877: 3 Bolivia: type B.M. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. syrisca Mabille 1897: 3 Bolivia: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Peru (Pozuzo). 4 3 Bolivia (Charaplaya).
42 (40c). Upf cell spot reduced to a small lower spot over
34
H.6. DALLA
the spot in space 2. Unf with a macular pre-apical yellow
band, as in jelskyz. Unh pale yellow submarginal markings
conspicuous and confluent at apex: yellow area at base
costa extends into space 7. ¢ F 13 mm. Fore tibiae with
a small central flap: hind tibiae with 2 pairs of spurs.
eryonas Hewitson 1877: ¢ Chiriqui: type B.M. Fig God-
man & Salvin: Seitz.
- Synonyms. dolabella Plotz 1884: Chiriqui.
fimbriola Godman 1900: = eryonas.
_troescht Mabille 1904: = eryonas.
B.M. 1 $ Costa Rica. 12 g Panama. 3 $ Colombia.
43 (40b). Unh with a spot near base cell: bright ferruginous
with yellow spots: resembling bubobon and not the mem-
bers of the cypselus group. Above, like oxaites, but a faint
spot upf under origin vein 2 and uph a spot mid cell. Unf
with yellow pre-apical spots. Unh the central yellow spot
separated by dark veins from spots in spaces 2 and 3: spot
mid space 1c, mid cell and mid space 7: macular yellow
area above tornus and about apex. ¢ F 13 mm. Fore
tibiae with a long flap: hind tibiae with 2 pairs of spurs.
mentor nov: $ Ecuador: O. T. Barron: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
44a (21b). Unf spot in space 3 absent, or conjoined to the
spot in space 2, but, if separate, is nearer to the cell spot
than to the termen.
Caenides Group
44b (50a). Upf spot in space 3 more or less completely
separated from the spot in space 2. Fore tibiae with small
central flap: hind tibiae with 2 pairs of spurs.
44 (45a). Upf no trace of a spot in space 1b. 9 unh much
paler oF 12 mm.
connexa Draudt 1923: 3 Bogota, Colombia: figured. Fig
Hayward 1943, genitalia.
B.M. 7 3 2 2 Colombia (Cauca. Popoyan. Rio Magda-
lena). 2 $ 1 9 Ecuador (Rio Blanco. Rio Pastaza). 1 3
Peru (Amazonas, Chachapoyas).
45a (44). Upf with at least a trace of a spot in space rb.
3D
H.6. DALLA
45 (46a). Uph tawny area circular. Upf 2 or 3 apical
spots: generally no cell spot. Unh tawny area more
distinct than usual. g F 13 mm.
ticidas Mabille 1897: Bolivia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 10 $ Peru (Huancabamba. Huanuco. Carabaya).
11 ¢ Bolivia (Tanampaya. Chaco. La Paz).
46a (45). Uph tawny area elongate, reaching nearer to base.
46 (47a). Upf with only 2 apical spots. g F 13 mm.
caenides Hewitson 1868: 3 Venezuela: type B.M. Fig
Hewitson 1876: Seitz: Hayward 1943, genitalia.
B.M. 11 & Colombia. 6 3 Venezuela. 22 $ Ecuador
(Ambato. Bafios. Loja).
47a (46). Upf with 3 apical spots.
47b (49). Upf spot in space 3 detached from spot in
space 2.
47 (48). Upf cell spot as large as the spot in space 3 and
much larger than the spot in space 1b. ¢ F 14 mm.
mora nov: ¢ Ecuador (Loja): type B.M.
BUM 253 Ecuador (Loja. Zamora). 1 ¢ N. Peru (R.
‘Tabaconas).
48 (47). Upf cell spot absent, or, if present, much smaller
than the spots in spaces 3 ‘and 1b. Unh uniform, dark
ferruginous, pale central area invisible.
carnis. 2 sub-species. |
(a). Cilia H dull orange. 3 F 14 mm.
Sub-sp. sondra nov: ¢ Peru, Amazonas, Chachapoyas: M.
de Mathan 1889: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
(b). Cilia H white, conspicuously so tornally. ¢ F 15 mm.
Sub-sp. carnis nov: $ Chaco, Bolivia: Garlepp: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3S. Peru(Limbani). 8 3 Bolivia (R. Tanampaya.
La Paz. Chaco).
49 (47b). Upf spot in space 3 overlaps the spot in space 2:
cell spot small: spot in space 1b large. 2 unf apex and
unh termen broadly bluish-white. ¢ F 12 mm.
monospila Mabille 1897: 3 Bolivia: type B.M.
B.M. 8 g Peru (Marcapata. Limbani). 10 ¢ 1 2 Bolivia
(Chaco. T'anampaya. La Paz).
36
H.6. DALLA
50a (44b). Upf spot in space 3 absent or conjoined to the
spot 1n space 2.
50b (53a). Unf spot in space 2 continued broadly to
dorsum.
50c (52). Upf with 3 conjoined apical spots. Legs as 44b.
50 (51). Unh plain yellow.
lalage. 2 sub-species.
(a). Unf inner edge of central yellow area oblique.
Sub-sp. lalage Godman 1goo: § Mexico: type B.M.: figured.
Fig Seitz.
B.M. Only the type.
(b). Smaller g F 11 (13 /alage) and markings reduced.
Unf inner edge of yellow central area straight.
Sub-sp. lathaea Schaus 1913: 3 Costa Rica: figured.
B.M. 2 3 Costa Rica.
51 (50). Unh ferruginous brown, except the yellow cell and
dorsum: veins darkened. $ F 12 mm.
faula. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf with a spot in space 3.
Sub-sp. faula Godman 1900: ¢ Mexico: figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 3 Mexico (Iguala).
(b). Upf no spot in space 3: markings reduced.
Sub-sp. lysis Schaus 1913: $ Costa Rica: figured.
B.M. None.
52 (soc). Upf no apical spots. Unh plain pale greenish-
yellow. ¢ Fi12mm. Fore tibiae with a long flap, reaching
tarsus: hind with 2 pairs of spurs. Uncus simple, no
gnathos or aedoeagus sheath.
diraspes Hewitson 1877: 2 Rio: type B.M.
Synonyms. pruna Plotz 1884: ‘“‘Domingo”’ (S. Peru).
Copy of Plétz’s MS figin B.M. Fig in Seitz is too orange
and the wings too pointed.
duovata Weeks 1901: 3 Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1905.
arpia Schaus 1902: 3 Rio. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 15 3 Peru (Chanchamayo. Carabaya). 1 3 Bolivia
(Yungas, La Paz). 3 2S. Brazil (Rio).
53a (50b). Unf spot in’space 1b not continued broadly to
dorsum.
37
H.6. DALLA
53b (55). Unh and apex unf dull dark ferruginous
brown. Unf narrow oblique streak in space rb.
53 (54). Uph the tawny discal area not extending above
the cell. No legs on B.M. specimen. ¢ F 13 mm.
seirocastnia Draudt 1923: Colombia: figured.
B.M. 1 ¢ Ecuador.
54 (53). Uph the tawny discal area extends above the cell to
vein 8: otherwise exactly like sezrocastnia, but the genitalia
(vide plate) are very different. Fore tibiae with a tiny
central flap: hind tibiae with 2' pairs of spurs. ¢ F 14 mm.
pantha nov: $ Huancabamba, N. Peru: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
55 (53b). Unh and apex unf yellow with conspicuous dark
veins. Apex F and H elongate. All tibiae red: fore tibiae
with a long flap, reaching tarsus: hind tibiae typically
upper spurs replaced by a few spines. .
jelskyi 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 14mm. Uph pale yellow area as long as wide.
Sub-sp. jelskyi Erschoff 1874: $ Peru: figured. Fig Seitz
B.M. 43 ¢ Peru (Chanchamayo. Rio Colorado. Perene).
(b). ¢ F 16 mm. Uph pale yellow area more than twice
as long as wide. Hind tibiae with short upper spurs.
Sub-sp. aurosa Zikan 1938: 3 Itatiaya, Brazil: figured.
BM. 317 gi Peru” 1-4-3. razil:
56a (12b). Uph without conspicuous markings.
56b (73). Uph dark brown. Apex H not produced.
56c (63a). Unh dark brown with grey scaling. Fore tibiae
with a tiny central flap.
ibhara Group
56d (60a). Unf no cell spot.
56e (59). Hind tibiae without the upper spurs.
56 (57a). Unf dark, as rest of wing. Uncus rather shorter
than gnathos. ¢ F 1o mm. Wings unmarked.
tona nov: 3 Huancabamba, 6800 feet: type B.M.
B.M. 10 ¢ type loc.
57a (56). Unf dorsum lighter than rest of wing. Uncus
rather shorter than gnathos. ¢ F 13 mm.
38
H.6. DALLA
57 (58). Cuiller of clasp broadened before tip.
decca. 2 sub-species.
(a). Unf with a small well-marked pale yellow or white
area in space Ib and a dot above it in space 2.
Sub-sp. decca nov: ¢ Bafios, Rio Pastaza, E. Ecuador:
5—7000 feet: M. G. Palmer: type B.M.
uv 6 Colombia. 8 type loc.
(b). Unf pale area confined to lower part of space 1b and
to space 1a. Cuiller of clasp narrower.
Sub-sp. doppa nov: g N. Peru, Huancabamba: type B.M.
B.M. 8 3 type loc. 2 g Peru (Amazonas, Chachapoyas).
58 (57). Cuiller of clasp equally narrow throughout.
eburones. 3 sub-species.
(a). Unf white area as in decca decca.
Sub-sp. elna nov: ¢ Colombia, Bogota, Buenaventura: Dr.
Ov Thieme 1877: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 type. 2 ¢ Ecuador (Loja).
(b). Unf white area reduced, as in decca doppa.
Sub-sp. ena nov: g¢ Peru, Amazonas, Chachapoyas: M. de
Mathan 1889: type B.M.
baviee ges type loc.
(c). Unf the white area broad and extensive, as broad in
space 2 as in space 1b and may extend as smaller spots up
fOuthie apex.
Sub-sp. eburones Hewitson 1877: 3$ Bolivia: type B.M.
Synonym. merula Mabille 1897: 3 Bolivia: type B.M.
Fig Seitz (very poorly).
B.M. 6 3 S.E. Peru (Carabaya). 15 3$ Bolivia (Yungas—
La Paz. ‘Tanampaya. Chaco. Cochabamba).
59 (56e). Unf marked as in decca decca. Gnathos much
shorter ae uncus. Hind tibiae with short upper spurs.
6 14m
none Mabille 1897: 3¢ Bolivia: type B.M. Fig Hayward
1943, genitalia.
Synonym. allent Weeks 1901: Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1905.
B.M. 17 $ Peru(Huancabamba). 3 ¢ Peru (La Merced).
22 §$ Bolivia (San Jacinto. Cochabamba. Chulumani.
Coroico. ‘Tanampaya. Yungas—La Paz).
39
H.6. DALLA
60a (56d). Unf with a conspicuous cell spot as well as a
complete series of discal and apical spots.
6ob (62). Hind tibiae upper spurs present. ¢ F 15 mm.
60 (61). Upf spots absent or faint. Unh grey scaling and
dark lines conspicuous.
ibhara Butler 1870: ¢ Venezuela: type B.M. Fig in Seitz is
of plancus.
Synonyms. boliviensis Mabille 1897: 3 Bolivia.
reedi Weeks 1901: 3 Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1905.
B.M. 3 ¢ Colombia. 8 3 Venezuela. 5 $ Ecuador (Loja).
17 S$ Peru (Huancabamba. EI Porvenir. San Ramon.
Rio Colorada. Carabaya). 5 3 Bolivia (Yungas—La Paz.
Tanampaya. Charaplaya).
61 (60). Upf spots present, but may be shaded. Unh scaling
ochreous-brown.
plancus Hopffer 1874: ¢ Chanchamayo. Fig Seitz as
ibhara: Hayward 1943, genitalia.
Synonym. hurleyi Weeks 1901; Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1905.
BM. 22-4 Peru (Huancabamba. Chanchamayo. Marca-
pata. Huanco. El Porvenir). 5 3 1 & Bolivia (San Jacinto.
Cochabamba).
62 (60b). Hind abide without the upper spurs. ¢ F 14 mm.
Upf the white spots conspicuous and fully hyaline.
crithote Hewitson 1874: 3 Ecuador: figured: type B.M.
Fig Hayward 1943, genitalia.
B.M. 1 ¢ ““Panama’’. 2 ¢ Colombia. 58 ¢ 1 2 Ecuador
(Loja. Zamora. Ambato. Balzapamba. Rio Pastaza. La
Chima. Paramba).
63a (56c). Unh without grey scaling.
Quadristriga Group
63b (7oa). Upf with more or less distinct markings.
63 (64a). Unh pale pinkish-grey, dorsum blackish, faint
dark spots in spaces 2 and 3. Upf brown, dull yellow
hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3 and 8. Unf dorsum to vein 2
whitish, apex pinkish-grey, disc dark brown, cell and costa
above it suffused tawny. 3 F 13 mm. Fore tibiae with
40
H.6. DALLA
tiny flap followed by spines: hind tibiae upper spurs
replaced by spines.
rosea nov: $ Colombia, Bogota, Buenaventura: Dr. O.
Thieme 1897: type B.M. °
Bev 2,6 type’ loc.
64a (63). Unh ferruginous.
- 64 (65a). Upf with a second spot in space 2, resembling
pulchra. § F 14 mm.
dampfi Bell 1942: 3 Mexico: genitalia figured.
‘B.M. None.
65a (64). Upf no second spot in space 2. .
65b (67a). Upf cell spot extending across cell. Fore tibiae
as in rosea.
65 (66). Upf cell spot contiguous to spot in space 2, their
edges in line: no spot in space 1b. ¢ F 14 mm.
granites. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf with a tawny spot in space 3. Hind tibiae with
upper spurs.
Sub-sp. granites Mabille 1897: ¢ Loja: type B.M.
B.M. 6 3 Ecuador (Loja).
(in) Spine spot in space 3.
Sub-sp. privata Draudt 1923: 3¢ Bolivia: figured.
B.M. None.
— - 66 oo) Upf spot in space 2 mid spots in space 3 and cell:
@ with spot in space 1b. Uph obscure small ochreous spot
mid cell and a narrow spot in spaces 4 and 5. Unh ¢ rufous
with obscure broad central and discal bands: 9 pale
lilacine-brown with conspicuous broad rufous basal, cen-
tral and discal bands. Hind tibiae as vosea. 3 F 153,
2 16 mm.
parma nov: 3§ Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ type loc.
67a (65b). Upt cell spot not extending across cell.
67 (68a). Upf a small cell spot against upper edge of cell:
a prominent spot across space 1b, large spot in space 2,
smaller spot in space 3, apical spots in spaces 6, 7 and 8.
Unf apex ferruginous.: Unh ferruginous with a large dark
area about end cell, continued at half width to costa and to
AI
H.6. DALLA
vein 1b: macular dark discal line from vein rb to vein 7.
3$ F 14mm. Fore tibiae with long slender flap reaching
tarsus: hind tibiae with upper spurs and a few spines.
mars nov: 3 Colombia: type B.M.
B.M. 3 ¢ Colombia.
68a (67). Upf cell spot against lower edge of cell.
68 (69). Upf markings conspicuous.
cuadadra Weeks 1go1: 3 Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1905.
B.M. None.
69 (68). Upf markings very faint, showing through from
unf, where there are narrow contiguous pale yellow spots
in spaces 1b, 2 and cell. Fore tibiae with tiny central flap:
hind tibiae with 2 pairs of spurs. ¢ F 14 mm.
ochrolimbata Draudt 1923: 3 Pozuzo, Peru: figured.
B.M. 2 $ Huancabamba.
70a (63b). Upf unmarked dark brown. Fore tibiae with a
tiny central flap and a few spines: hind tibiae with the
upper spurs reduced to spines.
70 (71. 72). Unh ferruginous with slender dark markings.
gf 14.mm, |
quadristriga. 4 sub-species.
(a). Unf with narrow, irregular, obscure markings above
the dusky white dorsal area. Unh lines narrow.
Sub-sp. quadristriga Mabille’1889: 3 Loja, Ecuador. Fig
Seitz.
Synonyms. protastus and catochra Mabille 1897, =
quadnistriga.
B.M. 5 3 Colombia. 15 $ Ecuador (Loja. Zamora.
Bafios).
(b). Unf discal pale area in spaces rb to 3 broad, 2 mm.,
regular, with straight edges. |
Sub-sp. regia nov: ¢ Peru, Amazonas, Chachapoyas: type
B.M
B.M. Only the type.
(c). Unf discal pale area broad, conspicuous, yellow:
small spot in cell and 3 conjoined apical spots against the
rufous apical area. Unh bright rufous, dark discal lines
broader.
42
H.6. DALLA
- Sub-sp. rota nov: ¢ 5 S. Peru, Uruhasi: type B.M.
BOM ne igo her eru.
(d). Unf marked as regia: unh as rota.
Sub-sp. rusa nov: 3 Bolivia, Chaco: type B.M.
B.M. 9 3 Bolivia (La Paz. Tanampaya. Chaco).
71 (70. 72). Unh rufous with black veins. Unf costa and
- apex rufous, dorsum to mid space 1b whitish, remainder
dark brown. Above dark brown, collar conspicuously red.
Sid sip e cove
rubia nov: 3 Huancabamba, N.E. Peru: ee B.M.
B.M. 7 ¢ type loc.
72 (70. 71). Unh without dark markings or dark veins.
Above black: inner area uph broadly covered with long
greenish hairs. § F 13 mm.
xicca. 2 sub-species.
(a). Unf disc broadly black, base costa and apex grey-
brown. Unh grey-brown except for a black streak in
space 1b widening to a patch at tornus.
Sub-sp. xicea Dyar 1913: Peru, Vilcabamba.
B.M. None.
(b). Below, grey-brown areas are rufous.
Sub-sp. paza nov: ¢ Bolivia, Yungas—La Paz: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
— 73 (56b). Uph plain silver. Upf plain brown. Unf pale
yellow. Unh whitish with brown veins. H apex broadly
produced, costa longer than dorsum F. Fore tibiae
tiny flap and some spines. Hind tibiae upper spurs
degenerated to spines. g F 15 mm.
Semiargentea Group
semiargentea Felder 1867: ¢ Colombia: type B.M.:
figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 10 $ Colombia.
74a (1a). H cell = } wing. Upf no hyaline spots.
74 (75). 2 above, brown with conspicuous opaque yellow
markings. Upf streak in cell, spots in spaces rb, 2 (large),
3 and 6-8. Uph outer half, beyond cell, yellow, with
A.H.—4 43
H.6. DALLA
narrow brown costal and outer borders. Unf yellow except
for broad brown dorsum to vein 2. Unh all yellow except
for the brown dorsum to vein rb and a silver streak
throughout space 1c. 2 F 15 mm.
curia nov: 2 Colombia, environs of Bogota: Frere Apolli-
naire-Marie: January 1918: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
75 (74). 2 above, rather pale brown with dark veins and no
markings: dull ochreous about costa and apex F and on
H brighter ochreous beyond cell in spaces 4 and 5. Below,
bright ochreous, with faintly darker veins: dorsum F and
H pale brown: unh a conspicuous white streak from base
to termen along upper half of cell and space 5. 2 F 14 mm.
curiosa nov: 2 Mexico: ex coll Felder: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
44
I. VINIUS GROUP
This group is structurally similar to the Apaustus group
and has been separated therefrom as a matter of convenience,
so as to bring together the tawny species. An examination of
the antennae and palpi will serve to separate members of the
group from such tawny species as occur in the Carteroce-
phalus, Carystus, Hesperia and Euphyes groups.
The group is entirely Neotropical. It may be considered
as allied, at least in appearance, with the Ampittia and
Ceratrichia groups of Africa and with the tawny species of
the Astictopterus, Ancistroides and Plastingia groups of the
Oriental region and the Trapezitinae of Australia.
Antennae generally rather longer than half the costa. Club
short and slender, but long in Pyrrhocalles and stout in
Zalomes: it is not constricted before the apiculus. Nudum
ranges from 10-14 segments, at least 8-10 of which are
on the apiculus.
Palpi with the second segment slender: only broad in the
aberrant genus Zalomes. ‘Third segment erect, ranging from
long and thin to short and stout.
Mid tibiae generally spined: smooth in 5 genera. Hind
_ tibiae with the upper pair of spurs absent in Zariaspes and
one species of Zalomes.
Secondary sexual characters absent in 7 genera: generally
forewing brands in the rest. Hindwing hair tufts present
in Vinius and some species of Pheraeus.
KEY TO GENERA
la (5a). Palpi, third segment long, slender. Nudum all on
apiculus.
Ib (4). Nudum of ro segments.
1 (2a). H cell > 4 wing. Wings elongate at costa F
and H. ¢ upf with obscure narrow brands. Mid tibiae
smooth.
Falga. 4 species. Wissen Generics and Ecuador.
45
GROUP I. VINIUS
2a (1). “ice 2 wine.
2 (3). Mid tibiae smooth. Brown species with more or
less conspicuous shaded tawny markings and mottled unh.
No brands.
Synapte. 5 species. Mexico—Paraguay.
3 (2). Mid tibiae spined. Small bright tawny species: unh
more or less variegated. 3 upf with brands.
Lento nov: type Pamphila lento Mabille. 15 species. Costa
Rica—Argentine.
4 (xb). Madu of 11 segments. ‘Tawny spots F hyaline.
Unh yellow veins. 3 upf with a brand.
Levina nov: type Apaustus levina Plétz. 1 species. S. Brazil.
5a (1a). Palpi, third segment short, generally stout. Nudum
partly on club.
5b (8a). Mid tibiae smooth. 3 upf no brands.
5 (6a). Nudum 3/6. Hind tibiae, without the upper pair
of spurs. Bright tawny. Unh unmarked.
Zariaspes. 3 species. Mexico—Paraguay.
6a (5). Nudum 3/8. Hind tibiae normal.
6 (7). Cuiller of clasp without a long, lower branch. 3
bright tawny: 2 may be all black.
Anthoptus. 3 species. Mexico—Argentine.
7 (6). Cuiller of clasp with a long, lower branch. ‘Tawny
bands more or less shaded, as in Synapte.
Corticea nov: type Hesperia corticea Plotz. 5 species.
Mexico—Argentine.
8a (5b). Mid tibiae spined. Mostly tawny banded.
8 (ga). Eyes red. Nudum 4/7. Palpi broad and hairy
concealing third segment. ¢ upf with brands.
Zalomes. 2 species. Colombia—Argentine.
9a (8). Eyes brown, as usual.
gb (11a). Nudum 3/9. Small, ¢ F 13 mm.
g (10). S uph no hair tufts: upf brands over and under the
base of vein 2. .
Cantha nov: type Cyclopides celeus Mabille. 4 species.
Venezuela-S. Brazil.
46
ee.
I.1. FALGA
10 (9). 3 uph with a hair tuft: upf brands over and under
middle of vein 2.
Vinius. 4 species. Panama-S. Brazil.
Ila (gb). Nudum 3/10 to 4/10.
11b (15). Antennae > ¢ costa.
11c (13a). F vein 2 not nearer to base than to end cell.
II (12). F spots in spaces 2, 3, hyaline and no cell spot.
$ upf sagittate brand over origin vein 2 and in some species
a hair tuft uph. Unh mostly with black-edged white spots.
a 13 min.
Baeracas 8 species. Nicaragua—Argentine. Haiti.
12 (11). F spots in spaces 2 and 3 opaque and conjoined toa
cell spot. g upf brands over and under vein 2 and over
vein 1. Unh with conspicuous short black dashes and
‘ spots on a yellow ground.
Misius nov: type Pamplila mistus Mabille. 1 species.
Amazons.
faa (1c). )P vein 2 nearer to base than to end.cell.. No
brands. $ F 14 mm.
13 (14). H at end of vein 6 shorter than dorsum F:
produced at tornus.
Molo. 5 species. Panama to S. Brazil.
14 (13). H at end of vein 6 = dorsum F: rounded at tornus.
§ F 19 mm.
Racta nov: type Racta racta Evans (p. 80). 3 species. Costa
Rica—Bolivia.
15 (11b). Antennae < 4 costa: club 4 shaft. Wings rounded.
No brands. $ 20-24 mm.
Pyrrhocalles. 1 species. W. Indies.
Keys to Species
I.l. FALGA Mabille 1897: type jecoma Butler: sole species
included.
Antennae rather longer than } costa: club slender, apiculus
obtuse from thickest part: nudum 1o. Palpi second segment
slender, hairy: third long, thin, erect. Mid tibiae smooth.
F veins 11 and 12 touch; cell short, vein 2 nearer base than
forvern 3. H apex produced, = dorsum: cell > + wing.
47
Ir. FALGA
$ with very narrow inconspicuous brands. No hyaline
spots.
la (4). Unh yellow. 3 upf slender brands, against cubitus
in space 2, under vein 2 and over vein 1.
tb (3). F vein 5 decurved at origin.
| (2). Upf basal half orange in ¢: narrow discal orange
band in 2 in spaces 1b and 2, running in space rb to base.
3 F 16 mm.
sciras Godman 1go1: $ Honduras: figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 $ Mexico (coll Felder). 1 9 Costa Rica.
2 (1). Upf basal half not orange in 3, costa all dark.
jeconia. 5 sub-species.
(a). 3 2 upf plain black. Uph yellow area as usual, cilia
tipped ochreous. Unf no discal spot; apex shaded yellow:
base costa yellow as usual. Unh yellow: dark smudges in
space 1c below cell. ¢ F 17 mm.
Sub-sp. jacta nov: 3 W. Colombia, Rio Titaco, 6500 feet:
Oct 1909: Fassl: type B.M. Fig Seitz as abalus.
B.M. 1 3 3 2 Colombia (type loc).
(b). Above markings light orange: upf discal band much
narrower than the dark border beyond it: 2 marking much
reduced, powdery yellow in space 1b, clearer in space 2
$ unf oval yellow spot in spaces 1b—2, only in space 2 in
ease abe eve eb a0.
Sub-sp. jeconia Butler 1870: $ Venezuela: type B.M. Fig
Butler 1874: Seitz: Godman & Salvin plate 101/1-3, 3
and venation, but fig 4 genitalia are of an entirely different
species, a wrong body having been gummed on.
Synonym. abalus Mabille 1891: 2 Merida: MS fig in
B.M. Fig in Seitz is of jacta.
B.M. 2 3 3 2 Venezuela.
(c). Above markings lemon-yellow. Upf with an oval spot.
in space 2 extending into upper part of space 1b: width of
band = width of dark border beyond it. Unf similar. 9
as 6. 3 brands.very faint, not traceable over vein1. ¢ F
16 mm.
Sub-sp. ombra nov: ¢ Ecuador, Rio Pastaza, El Topo,
4200 feet: M. G. Palmer: type B.M.
B.M. 4 61 2 Ecuador.
48
I.2. SYNAPTE
(d). Like ombra, but discal band upf rather wider than
the dark border beyond it, continued along vein 1 to base.
a Eo16imm. |
Sub-sp. odol nov: $ Uruhasi, S. Peru, 7000 feet, May 1910:
H. & C. Watkins: type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ type loc.
(e). $ upf lemon-yellow band much wider than the dark
_ border beyond it and more extensive, crosses vein I to
dorsum, extends to base in space 1b, and enters lower half
_of cell between veins 2 and 3: also apical spots more or less
developed from space 4 to space 9. Unf with a large oval
spot, which does not extend to base nor below vein I.
9 as 2 of jecoma. ¢ F 17 mm.
Sub-sp. mirabilis Mabille 1897: 3 Bolivia: type B.M.
B.M. 3 3 2 2 Bolivia (Cochabamba. Tanampaya).
3 (1b). F vein 5 quite straight, mid veins 4 and 6: veins 3
and 4 approximate at their origins. ¢ F 14 mm. Like
jecomia. Upf the light orange discal band = width of dark
border, just enters cell and runs to base in space 1b. Unh
with a small dusky spot mid space Ic, as in scivas. 3 upf
brands longer and more conspicuous than in jeconza.
farina nov: 3g Bolivia, Cochabamba, Yungas del Espirito
Santo: P. Germain: type B.M.
B.ML 2 3 type loc:
4 (1a). Unh silver, unmarked. Above, unmarked dark
brown. Unf base costa whitened as well as veins beyond
end cell, otherwise dark brown. F vein 5 straight. ¢ upf
with a very faint slender brand along cubitus between
veins 2 and 3. ¢ F 21 mm.
theoclea Hewitson 1870: g¢ Ecuador: type B.M.
Synonym. scydra Druce 1912: ¢ E. Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. 5 3 Ecuador (Rio Pastaza). 1 g¢ 1 2 Peru (Chancha-
mayo).
1.2. SYNAPTE. Mabille 1904: type salenus Mabille: sole
species included.
Synonym. Godmania Skinner & Ramsden 1923: type
malitiosa Herrich Schaffer: fixed by authors.
i)
I.2. SYNAPTE
Antennae = 3 costa F: club slender: apiculus obtuse from
beginning of nudum of 10 segments. Palpi slender, third
segment long, thin, erect. Mid tibiae smooth. No secondary
sexual characters. Wings long and rounded. Upf without
hyaline spots: with or without a tawny discal band. Unh
more or less variegated: without spots.
The genitalia indicate that there are 3 well-defined species,
sthus, malitiosa and lutulenta. Apart from individual varia-
tion, szius flies unchanged from Costa Rica to Argentine.
malitiosa appears sensitive to climatic change and has
developed a number of related sub-species. S. /utulenta seems
to have proved even more sensitive to change and to have
developed into species, but more material is needed to define
the relationships.
| (2a). Seen ventrally, the outer uncus arms are much
shorter than the inner gnathos arms, which latter are con-
nivent. Antennal shaft plain dark brown, ochreous under
beginning club and under apiculus. Unf tornus always
more or less paler. Upf discal band clear dark tawny,
apical spots present or absent: band may be reduced or
absent (usually in 9). Unh may be uniform dark ochreous-
brown: in 2 and often in 3, there is more or less intensive
violet-grey scaling leaving a dark apical area and a
narrower central area. 3 F 13 to 17 mm.
silius Latreille 1824: 3 Brazil: type B.M. Fig Godman
& Salvin as berus and berus var: the figs of szlius apply to
malitiosa pecta and pericles. Fig in Seitz seems to be of
quite a different species. Fig Hayward 1951 3 and
genitalia, correctly.
Synonyms. lycaenoides Plotz 1882: Rio: copy of MS fig
in B.M. is of a highly coloured 9°.
lunata Plétz 1883: ? loc: copy of MS fig in B.M. = 3.
silius.
silene Plétz 1883: ? loc: copy of MS fig in B.M. is of a 3
with reduced markings.
berus Mabille 1889: $ Chiriqui. Fig Godman 1goo.
insidiosa Mabille 1891: 2 Chiriqui. Fide Godman 1goo.
dubitans Schaus 1902: Novo — Description seems
to apply to szlus 9.
50
2. SYNAPTE
restricta Hayward 1934: 3 Argentine: figured. Fig Hay-
ward 1951: seems to be of a g¢ without markings above.
B.M. 7 3 8 2 Costa Rica. 2 § Panama. 1 $3 9 Venezuela.
2 $ Br Guiana. 1 $ Fr Guiana. 2 $ Ecuador (Paramba.
Balzapamba). 2 3 E. Bolivia (Buenavista). 2 3 Amazons
(Nauta. Cameta). 21 ¢ 5 ¢ S. Brazil (Espirito Santo.
Rio. Rio Grande). 3 ¢ Paraguay. 1 ¢ 1 9 Argentine
(Misiones. Santa Fé).
2a (1). Seen ventrally, outer uncus arms are as long as the
inner gnathosarms. Antennal shaft more or less chequered.
Unf tornal area not paler.
2 (3a). Gnathos arms slender throughout, basally wide
apart, apically generally also wide apart, but may be
connivent. Unh more or less uniform.
malitiosa. 6 sub-species.
(a). Small, ¢ F 14 mm. Above dark brown with dull
ochreous-brown markings: upf a discal band from space
tb to 3, produced basad in space 1b: uphacentral narrow
streak base cell to mid termen and rather paler therefrom
to dorsum: 2 may be unmarked. Unf uniform dark
brown, usually with traces of the discal band. Unh dull
dark brown with more or less conspicuous violet-grey
scaling, leaving a dark oblique band from lower end cell
to apex: 2 brighter. Cilia chequered obscurely.
Sub-sp. malitiosa Herrich-Schaffer 1865: Cuba. Fig
Williams 1931. Figs in Godman & Salvin and Seitz
== Salenus:
Synonym. schausiu Riley 1926: $ Cuba: type B.M.
bt 20 6.7 2 Cuba.
(b). Larger, ¢ F 15 mm. and above very similar. Unh
yellowish-brown, striated; the violet-grey scaling present
or absent and the dark bordered paler’central area faint
or absent.
Sub-sp. pecta nov: ¢ Mexico: type B.M. Fig as selus by
Godman & Salvin, genitalia from a Costa Rica specimen,
but ¢ from a Br Guiana specimen = pericles.
B.M. 8 3s Mexico. 6 3 3 2 Guatemala. 2 3 1 2 Costa
Rica.
(c). ¢ F 16mm. Intermediate between pecta and pericles.
Sl
I.2. SYNAPTE
Upf costa and discal band shaded tawny, also all uph. Unf
discal band present. Unh yellowish-brown, striated: no
violet-grey scaling.
Sub-sp. puma nov: 3 Balboa, Panama: June 1944: C. L.
Collenette: type B.M.
B.M. 9 3 2 2 Panama.
(d). ¢ F 15mm. Upf discal band, apical patch and costa
bright tawny. Uph shaded tawny below the clear tawny
central streak. Unf tawny markings as upf. Unf uniform
bright ochreous, striated.
Sub-sp. pericles Moschler 1878: $ Colombia. Fig Seitz: as
sthus 3 by Godman & Salvin.
B.M. 9 ¢ 6 2 Colombia. 11 ¢ 6 2 Venezuela. 12 3 7 Q
Trinidad. 6 3 3 2 Tobago. 2 $1 2 Br Guiana.
(ec). ¢ F 15 mm. Upf with a shaded tawny, sharply
marked discal band, but apex and costa brown. Unf costa
ochreous and narrow yellow spots in spaces 2 and 3. Unh
striated yellowish-brown.
Sub-sp. equa nov: ¢g Sara, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, E.
Bolivia: Jan 1904: J. Steinbach: type B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ Bolivia. 1 3 Bahia.
(f). ¢ F 15 mm. Above with dull paler ochreous-brown
markings as is malitiosa, but broader. Unh pale yellowish-
brown with a faint pale central area: no violet-grey scaling.
Like puma but less of the tawny tinge.
Sub-sp. antistia Plotz 1882: Rio. Fig Hayward 1951, 3 and
genitalia.
Synonym. ztermedia Schaus 1902: 3 Tiyuca.
B.M. 9 63 259. Brazil. 7 3 3 2 Paraguay.
3a (2). Gnathos arms conspicuously thickened basically,
apically slender and divergent. 3 very different looking
species with similar genitalia. |
3 (4a). Upf tawny discal band and apical spots conspicuous
and generally continuous.
syraces 2 sub-species. |
(a). ¢ F 17mm. Cilia conspicuously chequered. Above
markings bright tawny. Unh with white scaling, leaving
a large triangular black area mid costa and a broad black
bar beyond end cell.
52
I.2. SYNAPTE
Sub-sp. syraces Godman 1go1: 3g Mexico: type B.M.:
figured ¢ and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 7 3 2 9 Mexico (Guerrero. Ventanas. Rio Papa-
gallo. Venta da Zapilote).
(b). ¢ F 144 mm. Above, yellow markings paler and
duller. Cilia inconspicuously chequered. Unh yellower,
_ light and dark areas not strongly contrasting.
Sub-sp. shiva nov: g Dos Arroyas, Guerrero, 1000 feet,
pepr. EL. EH. South.
B.M. 6 3 5 2 Mexico (Milpas. Jalisco. type loc). 4 34 9
Guatemala.
4a (3). Upf plain dark brown or with inconspicuous dull
ochreous-brown bands.
4 (5). Unh dark, not with the black costal half contrasting
with a white dorsal half.
salenus. 3 sub-species.
(a). g F 17 mm. Upf discal band dull shaded dark
ochreous, but conspicuous and broad, with a cell spot.
Unf the discal and apical ochreous bands present. Unh
variegated light and dark ochreous-brown: a large apical
and smaller central dark area, no white or mauve scaling.
Sub-sp. silna nov: ¢ Mexico, Guerrero: type B.M.
B.M. 4 3 Mexico (Guerrero).
(b). ¢ F 15 mm. Upf brownish bands faint or absent:
generally absent unf. Unh striated with yellowish-grey
scaling, leaving a large triangular costal area and a smailer
central area, dark chestnut. Mexican specimens are better
marked than the more southerly ones.
Sub-sp. salenus Mabille 1883: g “Colombia”: type B.M.
Fig as malitiosa by Seitz and by Godman & Salvin, 3,
genitalia and venation. Locality of type doubtful.
B.M. 11 3 Mexico (Jalapa. Orizaba. Vera Paz. Vera
Cruz). 3 5 3 2 Guatemala. 2 $ Nicaragua. 2 $ Salvador.
1 § Costa Rica. 1 § Colombia (type).
(c). ¢ F 15 mm. Above and unf unmarked dark brown.
Unh dark brown, dorsal half paler, due to some sparse
whitish scaling. Apparently a transition to Jutulenta.
Sub-sp. osta nov: 3 Bolivia, Sara, Santa Cruz de la Sierra:
May 1904: J. Steinbach: type B.M.
56
1.3. LENTO
B.M. 2 ¢ Bolivia (type loc). 1 ¢ Para.
5 (4). Unh costal half dark brown, dorsal half white. Above
and unf unmarked dark brown. g F 16 mm. May prove
conspecific with salenus.
lutulenta Herrich Schaffer 1869: ? loc: type B.M. Fig
Godman & Salvin, $ and genitalia: Seitz.
B.M..34-¢.1 9 Panama. 3 6 2 9 Colombia. 3 gag
Venezuela. 1 2 Ecuador (La Chima).
1.3. LENTO Evans (p. 46): type lento Mabille: fixed by
author.
A genus of small yellow banded species, with an obtuse
antennal club and a long acicular third segment to the palpi.
_ Antennae rather longer than half costa: club slender, bent at
the beginning of the nudum of Io to 12 segments. Mid
tibiae smooth or with a few spines. ¢ F typically with vein 2
arising from near the base and on upf with a glandular brand
on either side of its origin.
| (2a). H cell shorter than $ wing. Apex F and tornus H
rounded, vein 1a < vein 8.
hermione. 2 sub-species.
(a). $ upf with a narrow black curved stigma from below
origin of vein 3 to vein 2 and a dot below that vein. Unh
with subtornal dark spots. 3 F 12 mm.
Sub-sp. hermione Schaus 1913: 3 Costa Rica: figured. Fig
Seitz.
Biv As) 2 Costa iica.
(b). 3d upf no stigma. Unh no subtornal dark spots.
Above, yellower. Upf discal yellow band confined to
space 2 and with a dash in space 1. Uph dorsum not
darkened, outer dark border broader. ¢ F 11 mm.
Sub-sp. vina nov: ¢ Peru, Oroya, Inambari, 3000 feet, April —
1g01: G. Ockenden: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 type. 1 ¢ Bahia (ex coll Felder).
2a (1). Hicell.> 2} wing.
2b (11a). Upf discal tawny band continued along space 1b
to base.
2c (5a). Upf no tawny spots in spaces 4 and 5.
54
1.3. LENTO
2d (4). Unh plain yellow, no dark streaks between veins.
2 (3). 3 no brand upf: vein 2 mid base and vein 3. Wings
rounded. g¢ F 11 mm.
xanthina Mabille 1891: ¢ Venezuela: MS fig of type in
B.M
B.M. 1 $2 2 Panama. 3.612 Colombia. 1 ¢ Venezuela.
3 (2). 3 upf vein 2 deflected nearly to base, a long brand
between vein 2 and cubitus and a similar brand below
vein 2, as in /ento. Markings as in xanthina, but unh paler
yellow and wings not rounded. 3g F 12 mm.
longa nov: ¢ Peru, Amazonas, Cavallo Cocho, May—June
1884, M. de Mathan: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 type. 1 ¢ Amazons (Tonantins).
4 (2d). Unh yellow with black streaks and dashes between
iiepvemices ¢ i 14, *Wpt discal band 2 mm. wide,
greenish-yellow, ending at vein 4, single apical spot in
space 6, no cell spot. Uph yellow discal area to just below
vein 2, yellow hairs along vein 1b. Cilia F yellow in
space 2, black elsewhere, yellow on H. Unf discal band
divided by dark veins and black streaks between veins at
apex. Upf ¢ vein 2 mid base and vein 3, short brand
above, and long brand below, origin of vein2. ¢ F 14mm.
kadeni nov: ¢ no loc, ex coll Kaden: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type, without a body.
5a (2c). Upf with tawny spots in spaces 4 and 5.
5b (ga). Upf discal band hooked round above vein 4 and
ends on vein 6.
5 (6a). Upf discal band not wider than the dark border.
Uph discal band narrower, not entering cell, which is
covered with tawny hairs. Below, like lento, but the
yellow veins are broader, contrasting with the ferruginous
ground: unh space rb black. ¢ upf vein 2 rather nearer
vein 3 than base, short brand above and below its origin.
6 F-13 mm.
ferrago Plotz 1884: 3 ? loc: copy of MS fig in B.M.
bovk. 14 .Bbr Guiana.
6a (5). Upf discal band ’much wider than the dark border.
6b (8). Unf cell all dark from base to origin of vein rr.
55
1.3. LENTO
6 (7). 3 uph costa broadly black, entering upper end of
cell: all markings in 9 narrower. Unf costa and apex, also
all unh, ferruginous: yellow veins may be conspicuous,
but usually blurred: unh space 1c sometimes black. 3 F
vein 2 rising near base: a brand above and below its
origin. g F 13-14 mm.
lento Mabille 1878: 2 Para: type B.M. Fig Seitz, pl 183e,
but the upperside figs of lento and epictetus have been
interchanged.
Synonyms. krexos Plotz 1884: ¢ Para. Fig Seitz.
eudesmia Plétz 1884: 9 Mexico: copy of MS fig in B.M.
Seems to be a variety of lento lacking the cell spot upf.
Genitalia fig by Lindsey 1925 are of Mellana villa Evans,
described in this catalogue.
gareus Bell 1941: 3 Brazil: genitalia figured.
B.M. 2 3 Br Guiana. 1 2 Fr Guiana. 1 g Peru (Ama-
zones). 11 ¢ 5 9 Amazons (Ega. St Paulo d’Olivenca.
Para). 2 6328. Brazil (Sao Paulo).
7 (6). Uph costal dark area narrow, not entering cell; the
golden area more extensive, dorsally united to the golden
streak in space ic and apically extending to vein 6 and
upper edge of cell. Unf dark tornal area extends into
space 3 and a black streak along the upper edge of the cell
connects the dark basal area with the black area about end
of cell. Unh space tc all black. Below, the yellow veins
are wider, giving a more streaked appearance. ¢ brand
and venation as in lento. Clasp very different. ¢ F 13 mm.
lucto nov: $ Peru, Amazones, Cavallo Cocha, March—July
1884, M. de Mathan: type B.M.
B.M. 6 3 2 2 Venezuela (Suapure. Caura and Orinoco).
I $ Peru (type). 2 ¢ Amazons (Ega. Para).
8 (6b). Unf cell darkened only at extreme base. Above, as
lucto, but unf cilia are chequered and upf the black streak
along the cubitus from base to mid space 2 is separate
from the black area in the cell. Below, as Jucto, but the
streaks between veins are black unf and dark reddish unh.
3 upf vein 2 is mid base and vein 3, not deflected: small
glandular brand over origin vein 2. ¢ F 12 mm. 2 mark-
ing much narrower. |
56
1.3. LENTO
imerius Plotz 1884: 3 Brazil. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 ¢ Venezuela. 5 3 Minas Geraes. 2 ¢ Espirito
Santo.
9a (5b). Upf discal band not hooked at upper end, small
spots in spaces 6-8 run at right angles to costa.
g (10). Unh yellow with black dashes between veins. Like
wmerius above: upf costal yellow streak reaches the apical
spots. Unf yellow from base to the black area about end
of cell, which is separated by a narrow yellow band from
the black apical streaks and the black tornal area. F veins
- 11 and 12 touch. 3 upf vein 2 decurved nearly to base,
brands as in lento. 3 F 12 mm.
listo nov: ¢ no loc (ex coll Kaden): type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ no loc.
10 (9). Unh black with yellow veins, yellow bar end cell and
a narrow irregular discal band from space 2 to space 6.
Upf discal band very narrow, continued to base along
vein I in $: separated apical spot in space 6 (in spaces 6-8
unf): costa yellow to middle from base and a black spot
beyond in space 11. Uph the yellow area runs to base
through cell and a black spot in space 2 under the cell.
Unf black, yellow veins at apex; costa, cell and discal band
yellow. g$ F 11 mm.: no brands upf. 2 with narrower
markings. |
flavocostata Plotz 1884: Rio. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. lotus Bell 1947: ¢ Rio: genitalia figured.
Deve td 3 2 Rio.
Ila (2b). Upf discal band not continued along space rb to
base.
11b (15). Upf with apical spots in spaces 6-7 or 8.
t1c (14). Upf without yellow spots in-spaces g and 1o.
11d (13). Unh yellow.
11 (12). Unh with faint ferruginous streaks between the
veins. Upf discal band decreasing from space 1b to
space 5, inwardly detached spots in spaces 6-8. Uph
curved discal band. Unf costa and apex yellow, conceal-
ing the discal band above vein 4. F 12 mm.
vicinus Plotz 1884: ? loc.
B.M. None.
oy
1.3. LENTO
12 (11). Unh with short black dashes between the veins.
Upf expanding discal yellow band from space 1b to
space 3, entering lower end of cell, nearly detached spots
in spaces 4 and 5, inwardly placed apical spots in spaces
6-8: costa yellow to beyond middle. Uph broad yellow
discal band space Ic to space 6, lower part produced into
cell. Unf as upf, but the veins at apex yellow, leaving
short black streaks between veins: apical spots continued
by spots in spaces g and 10 towards the costal streak.
¢ upf vein 2 decurved nearly to base and brands as in
lento. § F 11 mm.
apta nov: $ Chapada, Matto Grosso, December, H. H.
Smith: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
13 (11d). Unh bright chestnut. ¢ upf vein 2 rising from
near the base and the brands as in /ento.
krexoides. 4 sub-species.
(a). g F 11 mm. Unh the bright chestnut ground not
overlaid with yellow scaling, and so contrasting with the
yellow veins, the narrow irregular discal band from vein 1c
to vein 7 and a spot at end cell. Upf as krexordes, the cell
spot is detached. Uph the outer edge of the yellow discal
band is jagged and the band 1s carried across space 6 by
a narrow streak.
Sub-sp. lora nov: 3 Br Guiana, Takutu River: H. Whitely:
type B.M.
B.M. 3 ¢ Colombia. 2 $ Br Guiana. 2 ¢ Amazons
(Ega. Para).
(b). g F 11mm. Upf the cell spot conjoined to the discal
band. Unh sparsely overlaid with yellow scaling, leaving
traces of the discal band of Jora.
Sub-sp. ludo nov: ¢ Ecuador, Balzapamba, Bolivar: March
1894: M. de Mathan: type B.M.
BayL.. 1.) Eeuador (type). 1 ¢ Sl. Baus (Limbani). 1 3
Bolivia.
(c). $¢ F 13 mm. Like krexordes but larger and differing
principally in the enlarged cuiller. Upf cell spot and the
discal band narrower.
Sub-sp. genta nov: ¢ Espirito Santo: type B.M.
58
1.4. LEVINA
B.M. Only the type.
(d). ¢ F 11 mm. Upf the discal tawny band 2 mm. wide
= width of black border, decreasing at ends on vein 1 and
vein 6, detached cell spot and apical spots in spaces 6-8:
costa yellow to middle. Uph broad tawny discal band
from space 2 to space 7, just entering lower end of cell.
Unf apex and all unh densely overlaid with yellow scaling:
_ discal band unh very faint.
Sub-sp. krexoides Hayward 1940: g¢ Argentine: genitalia
figured. Fig Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
BM. 8 $325. Brazil(Sao Paulo. Parana. Santa Catha-
rina. ‘lheresopolis). 1 ¢ 3 9 Argentine (Misiones).
14 (11c). Upf with yellow spots in spaces g and io: other-
wise exactly like apta, above. Below, apex and costa F
plain shaded yellow, also unh, where there is faint broad
yellow discal band. $¢ F 11 mm. ¢ upf angled brand
above origin vein 2, a brand under vein 2 and another
above vein I.
pyra nov: ¢ Espirito Santo: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 Bahia. 1 ¢ Espirito Santo.
15 (11b). Upf no yellow apical spots, only a narrow, taper-
ing, tawny band from space 1b—4. Uph black with a
broad discal band from space 2-6, cut by dark veins. Unf
apex and costa with tawny scaling, band as on upf. Unh
reddish-ochreous with the discal band as on upf. ¢ F
12mm. No brands.
muska nov: 3 Colombia, Cali, 5000 feet: 3 March 1944:
C. B. Williams: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
1.4. LEVINA Evans (p. 46): type levina Plotz: fixed by
author.
Antennae long, as long as end cell: club + shaft: obtuse at
beginning of nudum of 11 segments. Palpi slender: third
segment long and slender, no thicker than shaft of antennae.
Mid tibiae with a few spines. F vein 2 nearer to vein 3 than
to base in 3, where there is a rounded dark brand over the
origin of vein 2: in @ vein 2 is nearly mid base and vein 3.
Wing-shape and general appearance of Anthoptus.
NS al 59
I.5. ZARIASPES
Single species. ¢ F 13 mm. Black with tawny markings.
Upf tawny streak from base to mid costa and another to
mid vein 1 ending in a spot: hyaline tawny conjoined spots
in cell and space 2, detached in spaces 3 and 6: dash on
costa in space g and sometimes 10. Uph tawny central
area, which is united to a lower cell spot, leaving a black
spot at base of space 2. Unf costa and apex ferruginous,
veins yellow: an isolated yellow spot in space 1b. Unh
ferruginous or purple-brown, veins yellow.
levina Plotz 1884: Brazil. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. radiata Schaus 1902: 3 Petropolis.
B.M. 25 63 25S. Brazil (Petropolis. Sao Paulo. Parana.
Nova Friborgo).
1.5. ZARIASPES Godman 1goo: type mys Hubner: fixed
_ by author.
Synonym. Aella Mabille 1904: type mys Hubner: fixed
by author as dryops Mabille, which is a synonym of mys.
Antennae 4 costa: club } shaft, bent beyond thickest point
to apiculus, which is > width and 4 length of club: nudum
4/7. Palpi cylindrical, smooth: 3rd segment short, stout,
conical. Legs, mid tibiae smooth: hind tibiae without the
upper spurs. H tornus rounded, vein 1a < vein 2 and
> vein 8: vein 5 prominent and cell not upturned. Uncus
tip narrowly quadrifid. No secondary sexual characters.
Small tawny species.
| (2a). 3 upf dark streak from base under cell to base of
space 2, whence it often continues by crossing the cell and
joining the dark costal area above the large dark spot
beyond end cell, leaving (but not enclosing, as in epictetus)
a yellow spot before end cell. Uph dark border usually
present. 2 unf cell entirely black. ¢ F 12 mm.
mys Hiibner 1808: ? loc: figured plate 158/1. 2 3 (3. 4.
° = epictetus). Fig Staudinger 1888 as epictetus: Godman
& Salvin, g, 2, genitalia: Seitz g¢ only, 2 = epictetus:
Hayward 1951, 3, 2; genitalia.
Synonyms. dukolum Blake 1879: 3 Costa Rica.
dryops Mabille 1883: 3 Brazil: type B.M.
B.M. 21 3 3 2 Mexico. 6 ¢ Guatemala. 4 ¢ Honduras.
60
1.6. ANTHOPTUS
3 d Costa Rica.. 11 ¢ 2 9 Panama. 11 ¢ 1 ¢ Colombia.
a3°6 72 Venezuela. 7'g' 1 2 Br-Guiana.'1 5 Peru {Rio
Colorado). 7 $ Bolivia (Santa Cruz de la Sierra). 21 ¢ 8 9
Amazons (Juhuty to Para). 2 $ Pernambuco. 6 $ Bahia.
11 ¢ Minas Geraes. 5 6 1 2 Matto Grosso. 15 3 6 2
S. Brazil. 17 ¢ Paraguay.
2a (1). dg upf no dark streak from base. ¢ F 14 mm.
2 (3). ¢ upf no dark discal area beyond end cell, which
may be marked by a narrow dark streak. Uph no dark
border. 2 unf black area in cell divided before end cell by
an orange bar.
mythecus Godman 1goo: § Mexico: type B.M.: fig 2, 9,
genitalia. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. xanthopolys Dyar 1926: 2? Mexico.
B.M. 7 3 3 2 Mexico.
3 (1). ¢ upf with a dark area beyond end cell: inner edge of
dark border dentate: uph with a dark border. Above,
colouring deeper orange fulvous. Below, darker and unh
overscaled whitish.
aurora Bell 1942: ¢ Guerrero: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
1.6. ANTHOPTUS Bell 1942: type epictetus Fabricius:
fixed by author.
Antennae 4 costa: shaft chequered, yellow under club:
club long, 4 shaft, obtuse at thickest part: nudum 3/8. Palpi
slender, hairy: third segment short, protruding. Mid tibiae
smooth. H vein 1a = vein 2. No secondary sexual
characters.
la (3). ¢ unh ochreous, more or less shaded brown.
I (2). ¢ F 13 mm. Sides of uncus evenly curved. Black
with opaque tawny bands F and H. Upf basal % costa
tawny, just entering cell: discal band dorsum to space 8,
running along vein 1 to base, may be broken at vein 5:
generally a small lower cell spot, sometimes absent, some-
times an upper spot also. Uph broad tawny discal band
from space Ic to space 6, nearly joining a spot (often
obscure) before end ‘cell. Unf apex and costa ochreous:
61
1.6. ANTHOPTUS
space 1b may be dark. Variable: markings above may be
divided by dark veins. 92 entirely brown: palpi yellow,
as d.
epictetus Fabricius 1793: “‘Indiis’’: fig Jones Icones. Fig
Donovan 1800: Hiibner 1808, 2 as mys: Staudinger 1888:
Godman & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz as epictetus and
as 2 mys: Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonym. ? znculta Dyar 1918: Mexico.
B.M. 27 35 Mexico. 15 $ Guatemala. 4 ¢g Honduras.
to g Nicaragua. 8 3 Costa Rica. 12 ¢ Panama. 14 ¢
Colombia. 25 3 Venezuela. 36 $ Trinidad. 34 ¢ Br
Guiana. 1 2 Surinam. 11 ¢ Fr Guia 48 3 Ecuador.
10 g Peru. 8 S$ Bolivia. 36 $ Upper Amazons. 37 ¢ Para.
99 61 2 5S. Brazil. 9 3 Paraguay. 1 g Uruguay. 2 3
Argentine.
2 (1). 6 F 15 mm. Sides of uncus angled.
calcarea 2 sub-species.
(a). Like epictetus: upf generally without a cell spot:
° uniform dark brown, above and below: antennae yellow
under base club. Palpi yellow and brown.
Sub-sp. maracanae Bell 1934: $ Trinidad: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 g¢ Panama. 2 $ Colombia. 8 ¢ 2 2 Trinidad.
1 ¢ Tobago. 1 $ Amazons.
(b). Darker, tawny markings reduced, absent upf in
spaces 4 and 5. Below, borders broadly shaded brown.
2 upf only tawny spots 1n spaces 2 and 3, rest vestigial:
uph band divided into spots: below, apex F and all H
ochreous, shaded brown, band faint.
Sub-sp. calearea Schaus 1902: ¢$ Petropolis.
B.M. 1 $ Peru(Moyabamba). 2 ¢ Bolivia (Santa Cruz).
1 9 8. Brazil (Uniao da Victoria).
3 (1a). ¢ unh with yellow veins on a pale rufous brown |
ground: discal yellow band narrow,. short: dark spot at
tornus and a yellow streak above it. ¢ F 16 mm. Like
epictetus, above. Upf subapical spots inward of the end of
the discal band: no spot at end of cell.
visendus Bell 1942: 3 Ecuador: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
62
I.7. CORTICEA
1.7. CORTICEA Evans (p. 46): type corticea Plotz: speci-
fied by the author.
A genus of small species without hyaline spots: with more
or less developed ochreous scaling and markings. They are
associated primarily because of the form of their genitalia,
particularly of the cuiller of the clasp, which is bifid, the
back continuing as a straight stalk, while inwardly there is
_ a projecting lip: the relative lengths of the stalk and the lip
are generally the only means whereby the species can be
determined. Antennae = #¢ costa, shaft chequered: club
‘short and stout, angled at the thickest part: nudum 3/8.
Palpi third segment rather long, slender, erect. Mid tibiae
smooth. Wings rounded. No secondary sexual characters.
la (5). Unh more or less shaded, not plain yellow.
I (2a). Stalk of cuiller much longer than the lip: uncus
broad.
mendica. 3 sub-species.
(a). $¢ F 12 mm. Above, dark brown with conspicuous
bright orange markings: upf with a straight band from
dorsum to space 4, followed by 1 to 3 apical spots in
spaces 6-8: uph with a broad discal band reaching to end
of cell, divided by dark veins. Below, black: unf costa
and apex bright ferruginous, large yellow discal spots in
spaces 2-4 and 1 or more apical dots. Unh bright ferru-
ginous: yellow discal band from uph faint, but running
round a dark cell area along costa towards base.
Sub-sp. schwarzi Bell 1941: $ Colombia: genitalia figured.
Pe wierseg 4 2 Colombia. 2°61 2 Venezuela. 16 1 2 Er
Guiana. 1 ¢ “Bahia”’.
(b). ¢ F 13 mm. Above, dark brown with sparse dark
ochreous scaling along costa and apex F and as a vague
discal band F and H. Below, black: unf overlaid ferru-
ginous scaling along costa and at apex, discal spots in
spaces 2 and 3 show by lighter coloured scaling: unh plain
ferruginous.
Sub-sp. sylva Hayward 1941: $ Rio Topo, Ecuador: geni-
talia figured.
B.M. 11 3 3 2 Ecuador (Ambato. Rio Pastaza).
(c). g F 13 mm. Above, uniform dark brown. Below,
: 63 :
I.7. CORTICEA
like sylva generally: may be without markings or with
small ochreous spots in spaces 2~7 F and an obscure
narrow ochreous discal band unh.
Sub-sp. mendica Mabille 1897: 3 Bolivia.
Synonym. coroicana Weeks 1901: Bolivia.
B.M.. 6 ¢ 4 9 8. Peru (Limbani. Uruhasi). 3°99
Bolivia (Chaco. S. Jacinto. Yungas, La Paz). 1 ¢ Parana.
1 $ Petropolis.
2a (1). Stalk of cuiller not longer than the lip.
2b (4). Stalk and lip of cuiller sub-equal.
2 (3). End of lip of cuiller broad and turned over. Uncus
road.
corticea, 2 sub-species.
(a). 3g F 12-13 mm. Above, brown: upf dull discal
ochreous spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3. Below, yellowish-
brown: unf spots as upf and wing below cell black. In
Mexico to Nicaragua the spots upf are generally obsolete:
in ‘Trinidad and Guiana they are brighter yellow and
apical spots are often present: in Peru, Bolivia and S.
Brazil there is a reversion to the Mexican form.
Sub-sp. corticea Pl6tz 1883: ¢ Venezuela: copy of MS fig
in B.M. Fig Seitz (very badly): Godman & Salvin as
epiberus, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 23 5 4 2 Mexico. 2 g Guatemala. 9 ¢ 2 9 Hon-
duras. 4 $ Nicaragua. 5 3 1 2 Costa Rica. 11 ¢ 5 Q
Colombia. 11 3g 4 Venezuela. 9 3 1 2 Trinidad. 7 $3 9
Tobago. 8 ¢ 3 2 Br Guiana. 1 ¢ Surinam. 3 ¢ Fr
Guiana. 26 ¢ 6 9 Ecuador (Paramba. Zamora. Loja).
6 $ Peru (Chanchamayo. Ucayali. Carabaya). 4 ¢ 1 9
Bolivia (Tanampaya. Yungas—La Paz. Santa Cruz). 4 ¢ 19
Upper Amazons (Teffe. Juhuty). 10 ¢ 8 2 Para. 6329
Bahia. 1 $ Ceara. 3 S$ Pernambuco. 1 ¢ Maranham.
3 6 4 9 Minas Geraes. 12 ¢ 725. Brazil (Parana. Sao
Paulo. Novo Friborgo. Rio. Santa Catharina. Espirito
Santo). 2 ¢ Paraguay. 7
(b). Above, black: upf spots as in corticea, but no exten-
sion basal of the spot in space 1b and with traces of a spot
in space 4. Unf costa and apex, and all unh dark ferru-
ginous. Seems to fly with corticea, but is readily separated.
64
1.7. CORTICEA
Sub-sp. noctis Plotz 1883: 3g “Chiriqui” (probably 5S.
Brazil): copy of MS figin B.M. Fig Seitz. Name has line
priority, but placed by Draudt (in Seitz) as a subordinate
form to corticea.
B.M. 9 3 1 2 S. Brazil (Parana. Sao Paulo. Novo
Friborgo. Rio).
3 (2). End of lip of cuiller sharply pointed: uncus narrow.
- Smaller, ¢ F 11 mm. Upf with narrow, obscure paler
spots in spaces 1b—-3 and 6 and 7. Uph witha central paler
area. Unf spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3. Unh with a paler,
reddish, central band. Variable and not easy to separate
from corticea.
oblinita Mabille 1891: ¢ Brazil: type B.M. The 2, de-
scribed from a specimen in B.M., appertains to Mellana
angra Evans.
B.M. 13 69258. Brazil (Pena Branca, Parana. Sao Paulo.
Santa Catharina. Petropolis. Rio Grande). 7 3 4 9 Para-
guay. I 3 Argentine (Misiones).
4 (2b). Stalk of cuiller much shorter than the we Unh not
plain as in corticea.
lysias. 4 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 124mm. Upf with a dusky ochreous discal band
in spaces 2, 3 and 4 and often a spot at apex. Uph witha
dusky ochreous discal band. Unh greenish-ochreous with
a well-marked paler discal band.
Sub-sp. lysias Plotz 1883: ¢ Chiriqui: copy of MS figin B.M.
Synonym. epiberus Mabille 1889: $ Chiriqui: figured.
Figs by Godman & Salvin are of corticea. :
B.M. 12 5 Mexico. 1 3 1 2 Nicaragua. 2 $ Panama.
(b). Above, all markings bright tawny: discal band upf
usually continuous from space 1b to space 7, costa also
ochreous shaded. Unh lighter than lyszas and the yellow
discal band conspicuous. ¢ F 12 mm.
Sub-sp. coxeyi Hayward 1941: 3 Bucay, Ecuador: genitalia
figured.
B.M. 25 3 5 2 Ecuador (Paramba. La Chima).
(c). Large, g F 13-15 mm. Above, shining brown, un-
marked or with a very faint discal band in spaces rb-3.
Below, similar: unh and apex unf with dull ochreous
65
1.8. ZALOMES
scaling: unf may have spots as on upf and unh there may
be faint traces of a discal band.
Sub-sp. potex nov: ¢ Fr Guiana: C. Bar: type B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ Br Guiana. 2 3 Fr Guiana. 1 ¢ Bolivia (Santa
Cruz). 8 3 1258. Brazil (Parana. Santa Catharina. Petro-
polis).
(d). sb F 123 mm.: resembles lystas and coxeyi. Above,
dark brown with pale yellow markings: upf with a
separated spot in space 1b, followed by spots in spaces 2
and 3 and apical spots in spaces 6-8: uph band narrow
and divided by dark veins. Unh darker, greenish-
ochreous, pale yellow discal band as above, divided by
dark veins.
Sub-sp. pena nov: ¢ Pena Branca, Brazil: H. H. Smith,
April: type B.M.
BM a2 Sa 2: type loc:
5 (1a). Unh plain yellow, also unf, except for the black
dorsum and traces of discal spots in spaces 2 and 3. 3 upf
tawny with broad dark borders and a dark area about end
of cell, and dark veins: uph tawny with a broad dark
border. ¢ (and sometimes 3) much darker above, sparsely
ochreous scaled: upf with opaque yellow discal spots in
spaces 2, 3 and 6-9: uph with a broad semi-circular discal
band in spaces 2-6. ¢ F 10 mm.
immocerinus Hayward 1934: 3 Argentine: figured 3, 2 and
genitalia: and again figured by Hayward 1951.
B.M. 2 ¢ Sao Paulo. 2 ¢ 2 9 Parana. 2 g 1 2 Argentine
(Buenos Ayres. Misiones).
1.8. ZALOMES Bell 1947: type bzforts Weymer: fixed by
author as colobus Bell, which is a synonym of bzforis.
Antennae as Molo. Palpi hairy: third segment short,
slender, conical. Eyes red. F termen straight. Mid and
hind tibiae spined. Two species of very similar appearance,
differing structurally as indicated below.
| (2). Upf tawny band continuous across space 4. Hind
tibiae without the upper pair of spurs. ¢ upf an angled
brand over vein 2 and short brands under vein 2 and over
vein 1. Variable in respect of facies and genitalia.
1.8. ZALOMES
biforis. 5 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 17mm. Upf tawny band from space 6 to dorsum,
edges irregular, continued to base along dorsum and shifted
inwards at space 6: costa and upper part of cell tawny to
middle of wing or just beyond: ground colour black. Uph
broad central tawny band from space Ic to space 5,
broader than the black border, continued to base by
tawny hairs in cell and to base and termen in space Ic.
Cilia yellow on H and elongate at tornus: yellow above
tornus F, turning black towards apex. Unf as upf, but
band faint in space 1b and does not reach dorsum: apex
beyond cell yellow with a few ferruginous dots: costa
and termen between spaces 3—5 ferruginous. Unh yellow,
abdominal fold black, small ferruginous spots at base, end
cell and on disc.
Sub-sp. biforis Weymer 1890: $ Colombia: figured.
Synonym. colobus Bell 1947: 3 Colombia: genitalia
figured.
B.M. 3 3 2 2 Colombia (Bogota. Mt Tolima). 4 3 1 9
Ecuador (Zamora. Rio Pastaza).
(b). ¢ F 173 mm. Upf discal band not wider than the
dark border and not extending along vein 1b. H much
broader: vein 7 is as long as vein 1 on F, while in other
sub-species it is much shorter.
Sub-sp. merida nov: $ Merida, Venezuela: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
(c). ¢ F 16mm. Paler than dzforis. Upf band with edges
more even: spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3 semi-hyaline and
band only just entering space 6. Uph band wider than the
dark border. Genitalia as wanda.
Sub-sp. conspicua Hayward 1941: 3g Ecuador, Bowen
genitalia figured.
B.M. 2 3 1 2 N. Peru (R. Tabaconas).
(d). ¢ F 16 mm. Upf band broad, regular and opaque,
reaches space 8 and in space 2 is as broad as the dark
border. Uph the yellow area reaches the termen below
vein 2.
Sub-sp. wanda nov: ¢ N. Peru, West Andes: 4000 feet:
une 1913: Pratt: type, B.M.
BM. 2.5 type loc.”
67
1.8. ZALOMES
(ce). dF 17mm. Like diforis, but upf band reaches space 8
and on uph dark border in space Ic is as wide as the
yellow band.
Sub-sp. illimanensis nov: ¢ Illimani, Bolivia: type B.M.
Nomen nudum quoted by Godman 1goo and Mabille
1gO4.
BM. 26195. Peru (Carabaya). 3 3 Bolivia (Illimani).
2 (1). Upf tawny band absent in space 4. Hind tibiae with
the upper pair of spurs. ¢ upf with a stigma from base of
vein 3 to vein 1, broken at vein 2.
kenava. 5 sub-species.
(a). g¢ F 13 mm. ‘Tawny areas very broad: upf tawny
costal streak reaches the elongate spot 1n space 6: uph
tawny area nearly reaches termen, no trace of dark veins.
Unf tawny discal area in spaces 2 and 3 reaches termen:
only black area is under cell and along space ta.
Sub-sp. tassa nov: ¢ interior of Colombia: .type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
(b). g F 13 mm. Black with tawny markings and cilia.
Upf costa and space 1a ochreous scaled nearly up to the
tawny discal band which extends from space rb to space 3,
followed by an elongate spot in space 6, which extends
into upper part of space 5. Uph rather more than the
central half tawny. Unf costa and apex yellow to vein 3:
discal band, as on upf, reaches to vein 1: reddish spots in
spaces 3 and 6. Unh yellow except for the black abdominal
fold: several central and postdiscal reddish spots.
Sub-sp. kenava Butler 1870: 3 Venezuela: type B.M. Fig
Seitz.
Synonym. myrona Plotz 1883: 3 Venezuela.
B.M. 1 3g 1 2 Colombia (Bogota). 2 ¢ Venezuela. 1 3
Ecuador (Rio Bamba).
(c). g 14 mm. Upf discal spots in space 1b widely
separate and on unf absent in ¢ and Q.
Sub-sp. thisbe Hayward 1941: 3 Bucay, Ecuador: genitalia
figured.
B.M. 1 3 Venezuela. 11 ¢ 4 2 Ecuador (Bafios, Rio
Pastaza. Buntun). 1 ¢ N. Peru (W. slopes of Andes).
(d). $ F 12 mm. Small dark form. Upf tawny spots
68
I.9. CANTHA
widely separated, a long lower and a short upper spot in
space Ib. Uph tawny area reduced to a postdiscal band
of small, elongate spots. Cilia dusky on F, grey on H.
Unf discal band not in space rb.
Sub-sp. vola nov: ¢ S.E. Peru, Limbani, Carabaya, dry
season, April 1904: G. Ockenden: type B.M.
B.M. 8 3 S.E. Peru (type loc). 1 ¢ Bolivia (Antillera).
(ec). ¢ F 13 mm. Upf as kenava, but apical tawny area
extends into space 7. Uph as kenava. Unf discal band
extends to space 1b: costa and apex redder than in kenava.
Unh reddish with a yellow streak from base to termen
under the cubitus and along the upper half of space rc,
reddish edged before the black area in space 1b: a discal
band of yellow spots in spaces 2-5, edged with reddish
spots on either side.
Sub-sp. bella Hayward 1938: 3 Argentine: figured. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 2 g 1 @ Argentine (Tucuman).
1.9. CANTHA Evans (p. 46): type celeus Mabille: fixed
by author.
Similar to Vznius in structure and appearance, differing in
respect of the secondary sexual characters, which consist of
a dark sagittate brand over the origin of vein 2 and a short
brand below that vein. ¢ F 13 mm.
la (3a). Upf with a small upper cell spot.
1 (2). Unh with a yellow discal band and yellow veins.
celeus. 3 sub-species.
(a). Above, discal bands macular, irregular and narrow.
Upf a lower cell spot and costal yellow streak reaches to
the apical spot in space 8. Uph spots in spaces 4 and 5
elongate to end cell. Unf veins yellow at apex. Unh ground
colour dark brown, veins conspicuously yellow.
Sub-sp. celeus Mabille 1891: ¢ Villa Bella.
B.M. 1 3 Venezuela (marked celeus by Mabille).
(b). Unh ground colour yellow-brown.
Sub-sp. zara Bell 1941: 3 Bolivia: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
(c). Above, markings broader, confluent on H: no lower
69
I.9. CANTHA
cell spot F. Ground colour unh and at apex unf ferru-
ginous.
Sub-sp. calva nov: ¢ Ega, Upper Amazons: H. W. Bates:
type B.M.
B.M. 1 3g Ega. 1 5 2 2 Matto Grosso.
2 (1). Unh plain yellow, no yellow band or yellow veins.
Unf no spot in space 1b.
ivea. 2 sub-species.
(a). Above, tawny markings broad, complete, confluent.
Uph inner edge of tawny area straight and reaches end of
cell. Unf apex and costa broadly yellow. Unh entirely
yellow except for space 1b, which is black.
Sub-sp. ivea nov: g Theresopolis: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
(b). Upf markings reduced, spot in space 1b widely
separated from the spot in space 2 and no spots in spaces
3 and 4. Unf brownish-yellow, apical spots apparent. Unh
shaded yellow, a ferruginous streak from base through cell
to mid space 4 and 5: space rb black in d.
Sub-sp. honor nov: ¢ Sao Paulo: R. Spitz: type B.M.
B.M. 2 5 1 9 Sao Paulo.
3a (1a). Upf no cell spot.
3b (5). Uph with central tawny area.
3 (4). Above, tawny bands complete, divided by dark
veins; spot in space 1b widely separated from the spot in
space 2. Underside not described.
matuta Pl6tz 1886: ? loc: copy of MS fig in B.M.
B.M. None.
4 (3). Upf no spot in spaces 5 or 8: double spot in space rb.
Uph tawny area shaded, undivided, extended to base
through cell. Unf apex and all unh brownish-ochreous,
unmarked.
roraimae Bell 1932: 3 Br Guiana: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 3 “Panama” (ex Crowley Bequest).
5 (3b). Uph plain. g F 11 mm. Uph with hyaline yellow
spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3 and 6-8, with yellow dashes at
end of cell. Unf costa reddish- brown, apex lilac. Unh
70
I.10. VINIUS
reddish-lilac with a violet-brown costal margin, bearing
an oval yellowish spot and another below it to dorsum.
metius Mabille 1891: Porto Cabello.
B.M. None and position doubtful.
1.10. VINIUS Godman igoo: type exils Plotz: fixed by
Lindsey as arignote Godman, which is a synonym of exzilis.
Antennae longer than half costa: club / shaft: bent just
beyond thickest point to apiculus: nudum 3/10. Palpi
slender: third segment slender and just protruding: shorter
and stouter in tryhana. Mid tibiae spined. ¢ upf with a
short brand on either side of the centre of vein 2, an un-
usual position: uph an erectile hair tuft from shortly beyond
the base of-space 1b and unh a deep groove in the same
position. ‘Tawny banded upf and uph.
la (3a). Uph inner edge of discal band very irregular.
1 (2). Unh shaded ochreous with very faint small dark
markings. Upf 2 tawny streaks in cell. 9 markings above,
narrower, macular: unh greenish, small dark markings
more conspicuous. ¢ F 13 mm.
letis Plotz 1883: Rio: copy of MS figin B.M. Fig Seitz as
extlis. Fig Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonyms. nicomedes Mabille 1883: Brazil. Fig in ane
is of exis.
philaenus Mabille 1883: 3 ‘‘Malaisie’”’: type B.M.
pulcherrissimus Hayward 1934: 2 Argentine: figured.
pulcherrimus Hayward 1935: emendment of pulcherrissi-
mus. Fig Hayward 1936, ¢ genitalia.
B.M. 1 g Minas Geraes. 36 g 12 2 5. Brazil (Rio.
Parana. Sao Paulo. ‘Theresopolis. Novo Friborgo.
Espirito Santo). 1 ¢ Paraguay. 5 3 4 2? Argentine.
2 (1). Unh clear yellow with sharply defined central and
submarginal short, broad, black streaks between the veins:
similar submarginal markings unf. Above, as letis. 3 F
II mm.
sagitta Mabille 1889: Chiriqui: MS fig in B.M. Fig
Godman & Salvin ¢: Seitz.
B.M. 1 ¢ Chiriqui. '
71
I.11. PHERAEUS
3a (1a). Uph inner edge of tawny discal band straight,
regular.
3 (4). Uph with a small tawny cell spot. Upf cell tawny
with a narrow black central streak.
exilis. 2 sub-species.
(a). Unh unmarked yellow. ¢ F 12 mm.
Sub-sp. phellus Mabille 1883: 2 ‘‘Malaisie” (probably
Cayenne): type B.M.
B.M. 4 ¢ 2 9 Fr Guiana.
(b). Unh with small central and submarginal black spots:
similarly marked on upper half of termen unf. ¢ F 11 mm.
Sub-sp. exilis Plétz 1883: “California” (probably Santa
Catharina): copy of MS figin B.M. Fig Seitz as nicomedes
and his figure of exis = letis.
Synonym. arignote Godman 1900: $ Santa Catharina:
type B.M.: figured ¢ and genitalia.
arginote Draudt 1924: mis-spelling: figured badly.
B.M. 12 Trinidad. 8 ¢ Amazons (Manaos to Para. Anna
River). 1 ¢ Matto Grosso. 1 35. Brazil (Santa Catharina).
4 (3). Uph no cell spot. Upf upper part of cell tawny, lower
part and end black. g F 12 mm. Palpi, third segment
stouter than in preceding species, conical.
tryhana. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf small lower cell spot. Unh unmarked yellow.
Sub-sp. tryhana Kaye 1913: ¢ Trinidad: figured.
Synonym. sophistes Dyar 1918: Mexico.
B.M. 21 $ Trinidad. 8 ¢ Br Guiana.
(b). Upf lower cell spot usually absent. Unh shaded and
outer half of space rb is black.
Sub-sp. istria nov: 3 Iguassa, Parana: type B.M.
B.M. 1 $ Ecuador (Loja). 1 ¢ N. Brazil (Porte Real).
8 3 S. Brazil (Rio. Parana. Theresopolis).
l.I1. PHERAEUS Godman igor: type odilia Plétz: fixed
by author as epzdius Mabille, which is a sub-species of odilia.
Antennae longer than half costa: club } shaft, angled at
thickest part: nudum 4/10. Palpi slender; third segment
short, stout, conical. Mid tibiae spined. ¢ upf with a
sagittate dark brand over origin vein 2: some species also
72
I.1r. PHERAEUS
have an erectile hair tuft mid space 1b uph. All species have
the tawny spots in spaces 2 and 3 hyaline.
la (4a). ¢ uph no hair tuft mid space 1b.
1 (2a). Unf broad spot in space 1b, ason upf. ¢ F 13 mm.
Upf spot in space 1b conjoined to spot in space 2: apical
dots in spaces 6-8: tawny streak to mid costa conspicuous.
Uph tawny discal area produced through cell to base.
Unh clear ochreous: irregular small white discal spots in
spaces 1c—6, all black edged: in space 4-5 large black
spot from end cell to the discal white spot.
honta nov: ¢ Peru, Amazonas, Cavallo Cocho: type B.M.
B.M. 4 3 Peru (type loc and Tonantins).
2a (1). Unf-no spot in space 1b.
2 (3). Upf spot in space 2 conjoined to streak in space 1b:
markings as in honta but tend to be shaded. 3 F 13 mm.
Unh greenish-ochreous, the irregular white spots in spaces
1c~7 more or less developed, at least those in spaces 1c
and 4-5 conspicuous: black edgings absent or faint.
fastus Hayward 1938: $ Argentine: genitalia figured. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3, 2, genitalia.
B.M. 3 358. Brazil (Rio. Sao Paulo. Espirito Santo). 3 3
Paraguay.
3 (2). Upf spot in space 2 widely separate from streak in
space Ib. ¢ F 12-13 mm.
odilia. 3 sub-species.
(a). Upf apical spots absent or reduced. Uph tawny area
as in honta, restricted in 9. Unh basal two-thirds pale
yellow, outer third black, with more or less signs of dark
spots on the inner edge of the dark area.
Sub-sp. epidius Mabille 1891: Chiriqui. Fig Godman &
Salvin: Seitz. |
B.M. 1 2 Nicaragua. 1 ¢ Colombia (Cundinamarca).
(b). Above as epzdius. Unh basal area brown, central third
yellowish-white, outer third ochreous-brown: postdiscal
white spots in spaces 2-6 with elongate black edges, which
in spaces 4—5 reach to end cell as a quadrate black spot.
Sub-sp. pavo Draudt 1924: ¢ Bolivia: figured.
Synonym. argus Draudt 1924: $ Bolivia: figured pl 190.
Oye:
Liz. PHERAEUS
B.M. 1 31 2 Ecuador (Zamora. R. Pastaza). 1 3 Bolivia
(Cochabamba).
(c). Upf 3 apical dots. Uph tawny area tends to be
macular. Unf signs of small dark postdiscal spots on the
shaded yellowish apical area. Unh pale yellow, turning
orange between the large dark spots in spaces 1c and 4-5,
inwardly bordering the black-edged white spots in spaces
1c to 7: a suffused dark bar at end of cell.
Sub-sp. odilia Plotz 1884: Brazil. Fig Seitz: Hayward 1951,
¢ and genitalia.
Synonym. perpulcher Hayward 1934: 2 Argentine: fig-
ured. Figs by Hayward 1951 are of centra.
B.M. 2 35S. Brazil (Rio). 1 g Argentine.
4a (1a). 3 uph with hair tuft mid space rb.
4b (6a). Upf spot in space 2 widely separated from the
streak in space 1b, if latter is present.
4 (5). Uph unmarked. ¢ F 14 mm. Upf white hyaline
spots in spaces 2, 3 and dot in 6: no tawny colouring.
Unf as upf. Unh discal area with conspicuous bluish-
white and dark spots on an orange area as in odilia: basal
and costal area brown.
unia Butler 1870: 2 Santa Domingo: type B.M. Fig Butler
1874: Seitz. The type is a 2 with a 3g body of quite a
different species gummed on. The second specimen in
the B.M., which like the type came from coll Kaden, is
a $§ with the body of Erynnis icelus gummed on.
B.M. 1 ¢ 1 2 San Domingo, W. Indies.
5 (4). Uph centrally ochreous with a large sub-hyaline
ochreous spot in spaces 4—5 and sometimes with smaller
spots in spaces 2, 3,6. ¢ F 15 mm. Upf pale yellow discal
spots in spaces 2, 3, 6-8 and an opaque yellow detached
spot in space 1b. Unh ferruginous, turning yellow cen-
trally: small discal bluish-white spots in spaces 2, 3-6, 7:
large, inwardly produced, similar spots in spaces Ic, 4-5,
the latter inwardly edged at end cell by a black spot.
argynnis Plotz 1883: Brazil. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. sartia Schaus 1902: 3 Petropolis.
B.M. 10 3 4 2S. Brazil (Novo Friborgo. Petropolis.
Parana).
i
I.12. MISIUS
6a (4b). Upf spot in space 2 adjoins the tawny streak in
space 1b: 3 apical spots: tawny streak to mid costa.
6b (8). Upf no spots in spaces 4 and 5, nor in space 1b
unf. $ uph tuft black.
6 (7). Cilia chequered. $ F 13 mm. Uph conspicuous
discal tawny area. Unf costa and apex ochreous: dark
spots in spaces 3—7 beyond the tawny discal spots. Unh
ochreous with small central and submarginal dark spots.
2 has white hyaline spots F and unh the ground colour is
white.
centra nov: ¢ Iguassu, Parana: type B.M. Fig Hayward
1951, d and genitalia, as perpulcher.
B.M. 1 3g 1 2 Parana. 1 ¢ Sao Paulo.
7 (6) Cilia not chequered. 3 F 13 mm. Above, as centra. Unf.
costa and apex yellow, no dark markings. Unh yellow;
single conspicuous black spot just beyond end cell, a
smaller one mid space tc and a postdiscal row of small
black dots, like Vinius extlis.
montes Bell 1947: 3 Itatiaya, Rio: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 3S. Brazil (Castro, Parana).
8 (6b). Upf tawny spots complete from space rb to space 8.
Uph tawny area uncut by dark veins and produced into
cell: hair tuft ochreous, tipped brown. Cilia yellow. Unf
costa, cell and apex ochreous: opaque yellow spot across
space 1b, as wide as the spot in space 2. Unh ochreous:
discal white spots as in argynnis, but smaller and the inner
black edging to the spot in spaces 4—5 is faint.
rumba nov: ¢ Brazil: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
1.12. MISIUS Evans (p. 47): type mzstus Mabille: fixed
by author.
Antennae long, as long as end cell: club } shaft, bent just
beyond thickest point to a long apiculus: nudum 4/10. Palpi
slender: third segment short, stout, conical. Mid tibiae
spined. 3 upf with long black brands over and under vein 2
and over vein 1. Wing shape of Anthoptus.
Single species. Black with conspicuous tawny markings.
Upf irregular discal band from spaces rb to 6, conjoined to
A.H.—6 sy,
1.13. MOLO
a double cell spot. Uph broad continuous discal band and
dorsum tawny. Unf costa yellow and broad tawny streaks
between discal band and termen. Unh tawny discal band;
all veins yellow: yellow spot near base space 7 and streaks
from base to termen along space 1c and dorsum. 3g F
14 mm.
misius Mabille 1891: ¢ Massuary: MS fig of type in B.M.
B.M. 1 3S. Peru (Chaquimayo). 6 ¢ Upper Amazons
(Cavallo Cocha. Tonantins).
1.13. MOLO Godman i1goo: type mango Guenée: sole
species included was heraea Hewitson, which is a synonym
of mango.
Antennae very long, t$ costa: shaft yellow and black
chequered in ¢ and yellow under club: club = } shaft, bent
_ at thickest part: apiculus = 4 length of club: nudum 4/tro.
Palpi quadrantic, smooth: third segment short and stout.
Mid tibiae smooth or with a few short spines. Wings pro-
duced: H excavate before tornus: costa H < dorsum F: F
cell < dorsum. ¢ no secondary sexual characters.
la (4a). Uph with an opaque tawny discal band.
tb (3). Unh and apex unf veins not pale.
1 (2). Unf discal yellow band = dark border. ¢ F 13-
16 mm. Upf dark brown, golden yellow costa to mid
wing, cell and discal band, which runs along dorsum to
base. Uph golden yellow except for dark costa and
dorsum. Unf apex ferruginous. Unh ferruginous with a
central and discal yellow band. 92 upf dark brown with
a small yellow cell spot and discal spots in spaces 1b, 2,
3 and 6. Uph narrow yellow discal band. Below more or
less like $ but very variable in both sexes.
mango Guenée 1865: 3 “‘ Madagascar’’: figured: type B.M.
Synonyms. heraea Hewitson 1868: $ Amazons: type B.M.
Fig Seitz, upperside correctly, but unh much too dark.
Fig Godman & Salvin, 3 and genitalia.
humeralis Mabille 1878: 2 Para: type B.M. Fig Seitz, but
incorrectly, more like apella.
humeralis Plotz 1883: 2 Para: copy of MS fig in B.M.= 9
mango and not Seitz’s figure.
76
1.13. MOLO
xenarchus Mabille 1891: ¢ Colombia: MS fig of type in
B.M. = dark variety of mango.
nebrophone Schaus 1913: ¢ Costa Rica: figured. Fig Seitz.
Small form of mango 3 with narrow markings. B.M. have
2 $6 from Fr Guiana, which seem to be varieties, rather
than sub-species.
poecila Draudt 1923: & (recte 2) Colombia: figured. A
dark 2 of mango.
schausit Lindsey 1925: 3 Peru, Perene: genitalia figured.
Similar to typical mango, but differs from Seitz’s incorrect
figure of heraea, with which it is compared.
Pave auonhanama: agree br Giuianas 12) isu5) 2) br
Guiana. 1 ¢ Surinam. 3 ¢ Peru (Ucayali. Moyabamba).
1 ¢ Bolivia (Cochabamba). 8 ¢ 5 ¢ Upper Amazons
(Iquitos." Ega. Upper Putumayo. Pebas. St Paulo
d Olivenca). 6 ¢ 6 9 Para. 1 2 Bahia, 1.6 “Celebes’””!
2 (1). Unf discal yellow band very broad, twice as broad
as the dark border, reaches cubitus in space 3: spot in
space 4 small, on outer edge of band: outer 3 cell yellow:
costa ferruginous: termen ferruginous, of even width to
vein 2, then black. ¢ F 17mm. Above, like mango. Upf
discal band shaded and constricted in space rb: uph broad
dark streak mid space ic, leaving narrow golden streak
along vein 1b. Unh plain ferruginous, except for black
abdominal fold and a narrow yellow spot at tornus. Cilia
ferruginous H and in space rb F: rest of F black.
muzo nov: ¢ Muzo, Colombia: Dec 1919: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
3 (1b). Unh and apex unf veins pale. ¢ F 14 mm. Upf
tawny discal band from dorsum to vein 6, irregularly
edged, followed by inwardly set, irregular apical spots in
spaces 6-9, conjoined: upper part of cell tawny to origin
of vein 11 and costa tawny to end of vein 12. Uph broad
irregular discal tawny band from vein 2 to just across
vein 6: tawny hairs in cell and along veins 1 and 2. Unf
as above, apex ferruginous. Unh ferruginous, the discal
band narrower. Palpi and pectus yellow.
petra nov: 3¢ Bogota: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type; without a body.
77
1.13. MOLO
4a (1a). Upf with hyaline yellow discal spots.
4(5). Upf with 2 yellow hyaline cell spots, one above the
other. Above, dark brown, dark ochreous hairs at bases,
extending upf to mid space rb and uph through cell and
along vein 1b nearly to termen. Upf narrow opaque
yellow spot in space 1b; large hyaline spot in space 2
under origin of vein 3, the cell spots above its inner edge
and a spot in space 3 above its outer edge: apical spots in
spaces 6 and 7. Upha small hyaline spot in space 3. Unf
dark brown: costa to mid wing dark ochreous: apex dark
ferruginous: spot in space 1b enlarged. Unh dark ferru-
ginous: abdominal fold black: small yellow spots in spaces
2 and 3. Cilia dark brown. Antennae plain black, yellow
under club. ¢ F 17 mm.
stygia nov: 3g Iquitos: G. Klug, May 1932: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
5 (4). Upf without cell spots: continuous yellow macular
discal band from space 1b (opaque), space 4 (hyaline),
apical hyaline spots in spaces 6 and 7, on a dark brown
ground: a yellow line along vein 12. Below, apex
and costa unf and all unh purple-brown with yellow
veins. ¢ F 16mm. Palpi and pectus yellow. Cilia
brown.
menta. 2 sub-species.
(a). Uph unmarked. Below, dark purple-brown. Unf
pale area in space rb restricted, only slightly broader than
rest of band. Unh a vestigial narrow discal band, between
which and end cell there is a darker area.
Sub-sp. ponda nov: $ Colombia, Cananche, Cundinamarca:
M. de Mathan, Sept 1903: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type. |
(b). Uph opaque tawny spots in spaces 2, 3 and 4. Below,
pale purple-brown. Unf below vein 2, a pale yellow area
from near base to just before termen: cell and tornus
black. Unh discal spots as on uph,. paler and smaller;
wing about end of vein 1b darkened.
Sub-sp. menta nov: ¢ Rio, Corcovada: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Br Guiana. 1 ¢ Surinam. 2 ¢ 3 2 S. Brazil
(Rio. Espirito Santo).
78
I.14. RACTA
l.14. RACTA Evans (p. 47 ante): type vacta Evans, fixed
by author.
Antennae long ts costa: shaft more or less chequered,
yellow below club: club gradual = + shaft, bent just beyond
thickest part to apiculus, which = 4 length of club: nudum
3/10. Palpi flattened, third segment short, stout, protruding.
Legs, mid and hind tibiae spined. Wings broad: H dorsum:
- and costa equal, cilia at tornus longer. F cell short, not
produced: vein 5 decurved at origin: vein 4 mid veins 5 and
3: vein 2 nearer to base than to vein 3: no median veinlet.
‘H cell = $ wing, not upturned at lower end: vein 7 rising
opposite vein 2: vein 1a = vein 8. No secondary sexual
characters. Dark brown with a tawny discal band upf and
uph: species very similar, defined primarily by genitalia
differences.
la (5). Upf and uph with tawny bands.
tb (4). Lower process on cuiller present.
1c (3). The process ends in a sharp upturned point.
I (2). Inside of cuiller between upper and lower processes
evenly concave. ¢ F dorsum > costa H.
apella. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ Fig mm. Upf discal tawny band from dorsum to
vein 4; small, inwardly concave, spot in space 5; apical
spots in spaces 6-8, connected by dashes between veins
with the tawny costal area: small upper spot near end cell
and a streak from base to mid cell. Uph broad tawny
discal band from vein rb to vein 7, edges irregular, not
usually divided by dark veins: vein 1b yellow to termen.
Cilia tawny. Unf costa and apex light ferruginous: black
bar at end cell and a tornal dark area. Unh light ferru-
ginous, band from above showing faintly. ¢ darker, tawny
markings paler and narrower. Unh and apex unf paler,
purple-brown, veins whitish.
Sub-sp. apella Schaus 1913: ¢ Costa Rica: figured.
B.M. 3 3 2 2 Costa Rica. 7 ¢ 18 2 Ecuador (Paramba).
(b). ¢ F 18 mm. Darker and markings narrower.
Sub-sp. raza nov: ¢ Reyes, Bolivia: type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ Ecuador (Zamora). 2 ¢ Peru (La Merced.
Carabaya). 2 ¢ 1 Q Bolivia (Reyes. Charaplaya).
7°
1.14. RACTA
2 (1). Inside of cuiller convex. ¢ F 18 mm. Bands darker
and narrower. Upf costa only tawny on basal half: no
spots in spaces 5 and 8.
plasma nov: ¢ Ecuador, Balzapamba: type B.M.
B.M. 3 6 1 2 Ecuador (Balzapamba. Zamora). 1 g Peru
(Cuzco).
3 (ic). End of lower process on cuiller blunt and not up-
turned. ¢ F 18 mm. Upf costal tawny streak runs to the
apical spots, but is centrally divided: band narrower than
dark margin on upf and uph. Unf apex and all unh dark
ferruginous. Unh abdominal fold black: yellow band
contrasting strongly with the dark ground.
racta nov: ¢ Uruhasi, S. Peru, 7000 feet: type B.M.
B.M. 2 $ 2 2 Ecuador (Ambato). 4 ¢ S. Peru (Uruhasi).
5 3 Bolivia (Yungas—La Paz. Cochabamba. R. Songo).
4 (1b). Lower process on cuiller absent. Like racta: upf no
spot in space 5. Unh a black spot on termen at end of
each vein: band very faint. Uph with a tawny cell spot.
Antennae rather longer; palpi hairier and more quadrantic.
6 F 15 mm.
chiria nov: $ Chirimayo, Peru $.E.: 1000 feet: Ockenden:
type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 type loc.
5 (1a). Upf and uph without tawny bands. 2 F 24 mm.
Above, black: head, thorax and basal half costa F with dull
dark ochreous scaling. Upf with a narrow (1 mm.) irregu-
lar pale yellow central band, divided by dark veins, from
vein 1 to base vein 5, parallel to termen: olive scaling in
space Ia internal to the band. Uph outer half of wing
below inner half of vein 6 and outer half of vein 4 entirely
pale yellow nearly to end of space 1a: basal $ costa narrowly
white: cilia pale yellow. Unf black, costa narrowly and
apex light yellowish-brown: discal band white, narrowly
continued by an oblique white streak in space 5 to small
pale apical spots in*spaces 6-8. Unh pale yellowish-
brown, basally light brown and light brown postdiscal
lunular narrow band. Unlike any known hesperiid. An-
tennae broken, so that classification is doubtful.
80
I.15. PYRRHOCALLES
dalla nov: 2 Zamora, Ecuador: 3~-10,000 feet: O. T.
Barron: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
1.15 PYRRHOCALLES Mabille 1904: type antiqua
Herrich-Schaffer: sole species included.
Antennae < 4 costa: club gradual, bent at thickest point
to an obtuse apiculus, which = 4 length of club: nudum
2/13. Palpi quadrantic, but somewhat flattened: third seg-
ment rather long and slender. Mid tibiae obscurely spined.
Wings broad. F cell short, produced: vein 5 decurved:
vein 4 mid veins 3 and 5: vein 2 mid vein 3 and base:
median veinlet to vein 34. H cell short, not upturned at
lower end:-vein 2 opposite vein 7: vein 1a > vein 8, but
< vein 2. No secondary sexual characters. Uncus and
gnathos undivided.
Single species. Above, basal 4 tawny, outer 4 black.
antiqua. 4 sub-species.
(a). g¢ F 23 mm. Upf discal row of small tawny spots
space 3 to space 9. Unh small cell spot and discal row
space Ic to space 7.
Sub-sp. antiqua Herrich-Schaffer 1863: ‘“‘Cuba’’, recte
Haiti (vede Skinner 1920: Ent. News 31: 51). Fig in
Seitz: fig by Holland 1916 is of orzentis.
Synonyms. utha Hewitson 1868: 3 “‘Cuba’’, recte Haiti:
type B.M.
kruegert Rober 1926: San Domingo.
B.M. 42 3 13 2 Haiti. 1 2 Porto Rico.
(b). ¢ F 20mm. Upf at most a spot in space 3 beyond the
central tawny spots. Unh as antiqua.
Sub-sp. orientis Skinner 1920: $ Cuba. Fig as antiqua by
Holland 1916 from Isle des Pins.
B.M. 32 3 6 2 Cuba.
(c). ¢ F 22 mm. Tawny colouring much brighter. Upf
with the spot in space 3 overlapping the spot in space 2
and sometimes a dot in space 4. Unh a sharply marked
spot in cell: discal band continuous.
Sub-sp. jamaicensis Schaus 1902: ¢ Jamaica.
B.M. 34 3 10 2 Jamaica.
SI
I.15. PYRRHOCALLES
(d). g$ F 24 mm. Intermediate between antiqua and
gamaicensis. Unh immaculate purple-grey.
Sub-sp. eleutherae Bates 1934: 3 Eleuthera Is, Bahamas.
B.M. None.
82
J. APAUSTUS GROUP
This group contains the bulk of the brown Neotropical
Hesperiinae. ‘They are characterised firstly by the form of
the antennal apiculus, where the greater portion of the
nudum lies on the apiculus and only up to 3 or 4 segments
extend to the club. Secondly by the palpi, where the second
segment is slender and cylindrical or quadrate, i.e. the inside
width is equal to the width of the side against the head:
never flattened as in the Hesperia-Calpodes groups, nor
quadrantic as in the Carystus group.
The variation is so considerable that further generalisa-
tion is not possible. A division into sub-groups has been
made in the key to the genera.
The group is represented in Africa by the Acleros group
and in the Oriental Region by the Ancistroides group and
part of the Plastingia group.
KEY (OV GENERA
la (15a). Palpi third segment long and slender, protruding
well beyond the clothing of the second segment.
Apaustus Sub-group
1 (2a). Antennae, tip blunt: short: nudum 0/6. Mid tibiae
spined. Wings elongate. Above, unmarked: below, with
yellow veins. F 11-12 mm.
Apaustus. 2 species. Costa Rica—Bolivia and Amazons.
2a (1). Antennae, tip pointed.
2b (8. ga. 14). Nudum o/to.
2c (7). Antennae short, not > 4 costa.
2d (6). $ upf with brands. F 10-12 mm.
2e (4a). 3S upf angular brand over origin of vein 2.
2 (3). & upf also a short brand under origin of vein 2.
Mid tibiae spined. Upf plain or with a few spots: unh
with yellow veins or variegated.
Callimormus. 9g species. Mexico—Argentine.
83
GROUP J. APAUSTUS
3 (2). ¢ upf no brand under origin vein 2. Mid tibiae smooth.
Above, plain. Unh yellow veined, plain or with faint pale
discal spots.
Eutocus. 7 species. Mexico—Argentine.
4a (2e). 3 upf no angular brand over origin of vein 2.
4 (5). &d upf small circular brand over origin vein 2.
Mid tibiae smooth. Upf with yellow spots. Unh yellow
veins or variegated.
Virga nov: type Apaustus virginius Méschler. 4 species.
Mexico—Paraguay.
5 (4). ¢ upf long brand against cubitus between veins 3 and
2, and another under vein 2 extending against cubitus
half-way to the base. Mid tibiae smooth. Unmarked.
Eprius. 1 species. Mexico—Argentine.
.6 (2d). 3 upf with a broken stigma from origin vein 3 to
vein 1. Mid tibiae spined. Unmarked above: unh may
have violet-grey scaling. F 12-15 mm. ©
Mnasicles. 3 species. Mexico—Paraguay.
7 (2c). Antennae > 4 costa. Mid tibiae smooth. ¢ upf
circular brand at origin vein 2. Upf with yellow spots:
unh yellow veined. F 12 mm.
Ludens nov: type Cobalus ludens Mabille. 1 species.
Venezuela—Argentine.
8 (2b. 9a. 14). Nudumo/11. Antennae > $ costa. Mid tibiae
smooth. F vein 5 straight. Unmarked. F 10-15 mm.
Methionopsis. 4 species. Mexico—Paraguay.
9a (2b. 8. 14). Nudumo/12.
gb (11a). Antennae not > $ costa.
g (10). Antennal club long = 4 shaft. Mid tibiae spined.
¢ upf small circular brand over origin vein 2. Pale brown
above: unh grey with minute black dots. F 13 mm.
Panca nov: type Lerodea subpunctuli Hayward. 1 species.
Argentine.
10 (9). Antennal club short = } shaft. Mid tibiae spined.
6 upf small brands either side of base vein 2. Above,
unmarked. Unh with more or less developed white spots.
F 13-14 mm. Uncus broadly divided.
34
GROUP J. APAUSTUS
Sodalia nov: type Pamphila sodalis Butler. 3 species.
Nicaragua—Argentine.
[la (gb). Antennae > 4 costa.
11 (12a). Mid tibiae spined. ¢ upf small brand over base
vein 2. Upf hyaline spots: unh more or less white. F
13-15 mm.
Mnestheus. 3 species. Panama—Bolivia.
12a (11). Mid tibiae smooth.
12 (13). gd upf brands absent or small, over origin vein 2.
Upf generally with hyaline spots, but not in cell: unh
variegated. F 12-15 mm.
Artines. 7 species. Panama-—S. Brazil.
[3 (12). 3 upf with long, thin brands, against cubitus be-
tween veins 3 and 2, over and under vein 2 and over
vein 1. Upf hyaline white spots, including 2 in cell: unh
white veined. F 18 mm.
Aecas. I species. Guatemala—S. Brazil.
14 (2b. 8. ga). Nudum 3/10. Antennae = 4 costa. Mid
tibiae spined. 3 upf, slender stigma. Unmarked or with
faint yellow spots F and unh. F 13-15 mm.
Mnaseas. 1 species. Mexico-S. Brazil.
[5a (1a). Palpi, third segment short, stout, conical: not, or
only slightly projecting beyond the clothing of the second
segment.
15b (24a). Antennal apiculus obtuse from beginning of
nudum, no segments of which extend down the club.
Phanes Sub-group
15 (16a). Nudum o/1o. Antennae = $ costa. Mid tibiae
spined. g no brand. Upf faint markings: unh numerous
small yellow dashes. F 13 mm.
Gallio nov: type Stomyles gallio Mabille. 1 species. 5S.
Brazil.
16a (15). Nudum o/11.
16b (19a). 3 upf no brands. Antennae just > $ costa.
16c (18). Mid tibiae smooth.
85
GROUP J. APAUSTUS
16 (17). F produced: costa > dorsum. Uncus tapered,
undivided: no gnathos. Unmarked. F 15 mm.
Methion. 1 species. Mexico—Guatemala.
17 (16). F not produced: costa nearly = dorsum. Uncus
and gnathos broadly divided. Unmarked. F 14 mm.
Thargella. 1 species. Nicaragua—Paraguay.
18 (16c). Mid tibiae spined. Upf may have faint spots: unh
purple or shining blue with small white spots. F 15 mm.
Venas nov: type Pamphila evans Butler. 1 species. Guiana—
Amazons.
19a (16b). 3g upf with brands ora stigma. Mid tibiae spined.
Antennae just > 4 costa.
19 (20a). 3 upf broken stigma from vein 3 to vein 1. Un-
marked except for yellow tornus uph and yellow band
unh.
Pamba nov: type Pamba pamba Evans (p. 114). 1 species.
Ecuador. 7
20a (19). 3 upf with a brand or brands.
20b (22a). ¢ upf brand below vein 2 as well as above it.
20 (21). 3S upf 3 short, equal, grey brands above and
below vein 2 and over vein 1. Upf 2 hyaline discal spots:
unh mostly white. F vein 2 arising much nearer to base
than to origin vein 2. F 15 mm.
Sabina nov: type Hesperia sabina Plotz. 1 species. S. Brazil.
21 (20). 3 upf no brand over vein 1: long brand along
cubitus from under origin vein 3 to vein 2 where it is
sagittate: long brand under vein 2. All brown: markings
insignificant or absent. F 14 mm.
Repens nov: type Repens repens Evans (p. 115). 2 species.
S. Brazil—Paraguay.
22a (20b). g upf brand only above vein 2. Below, variegated.
22 (23). F no median veinlet from mid cell to origin of
vein 3. Above, markings absent. F 12-15 mm.
Lucida nov: type Carystus lucia Capronnier. 5 species.
Costa Rica+S. Brazil.
23 (22). F with a well-marked veinlet from mid cell to origin
of vein 3. Upf usually with white spots. F 16 mm.
86
GROUP J. APAUSTUS
Phanes. 7 species. Mexico—Paraguay.
24a (15b). Antennal apiculus bent from after beginning of
nudum, whereof up to 3 segments are on the club.
24b (35a. 45a). Nudum of up to 11 segments, arranged
2/8 or 3/8
Cymaenes Sub-group
24c (29a). g no secondary sexual characters. Mid tibiae
spined. F 11-16 mm.
24 (25a). Antennae short < 4 costa. Nudum 2/8-3/8.
Vidius nov: type Narga vidius Mabille. 10 species. Mexico-
S. Brazil.
25a (24). Antennae at least = $ costa.
25 (26a). Nudum 2/8. Unf usually a spot mid costa.
Monca nov: type Cobalus telata Herrich-Schaffer. 4 species.
Mexico—Argentine.
26a (25). Nudum 3/8.
26 (27a). Antennal club long = # shaft.
Nastra nov: type Hesperia l’ herminieri Latreille. 11 species.
U.S.A.—Argentine.
27a (26). Antennal club short = 4 shaft.
27 (28). Generally veins unh not pale: no markings uph:
white discal spots F: if spots are present in spaces 4 and
5 upf, they are detached from the discal band, nearer
termen.
Cymaenes. 23 species. U.S.A.Argentine.
28 (27). Generally veins unh conspicuously pale: uph often
spotted: spots in spaces 4 and 5 often present and linked
to the discal band.
Vehilius. 12 species. Mexico—Argentine.
29a (24c). 3 with secondary sexual characters.
29b (31a). 3S upf with a hair pencil.
29 (30). 3 upf black hair pencil in space 1a from base to
mid dorsum: no brand. Upf with opaque yellow spots:
unh ochreous-brown with faint spots. F 12 mm.
Mnasilus. 1 species. Mexico—Paraguay.
87
GROUP J. APAUSTUS
30 (29). ¢ upf brown hair pencil in space 1b from base to
mid wing: sagittate brand over and a long brand under
vein 2. Brown, faint spots upf and unh. F 14 mm.
Sucova nov: type Hesperia? sucova Schaus. 1 species. S.
Brazil.
3la (29b). 3 upf no hair pencil: with brands or stigma.
31 (32a). Antennae much > } costa. Mid tibiae smooth.
Unmarked: above, dark brown: unh ferruginous. F
17 mm.
Mnasinous. 1 species. Mexico.
32a (31). Antennae = 4 costa. Mid tibiae spined.
32 (33. 34). Unh dark brown, unmarked. Above,
similar. F 10-12 mm.
Mnasitheus. 10 species. Mexico—Argentine.
33 (32. 34). Unh more or less variegated. see usually plain.
F 11-15 mm.
Moeris. 12 species. Mexico—Argentine.
34 (32. 33). Unh with more or less developed pale veins and
upf usually with hyaline spots. F 1o-14 mm.
Parphorus. 14 species. Mexico—Argentine.
35a (24b. 45a). Apiculus of 9 segments: nudum 2/9-4/9.
Lerema Sub-group
35b (39a). ¢ upf no secondary sexual characters. Mid
tibiae spined.
35c (37a). Above, no markings.
35 (36). Wings broad: F dorsum < H costa at end of
vein 6. Nudum 4/9. Uncus undivided, slender, tapered:
gnathos very short, divided. F 16 mm.
Molla nov: type Molla molla Evans (p. 155). 1 Speciem
Parana.
36 (35). Wings produced: F dorsum > H costa. Uncus and
gnathos quadrifid. Nudum 2/9-4/9. F 13-21 mm.
Papias. 10 species. Mexico-S. Brazil.
88
GROUP J.’APAUSTUS
37a (35c). Above, more or less marked. Nudum 3/9.
37 (38). H vein 1a < vein 1b. Uncus and gnathos
quadrifid. Antennae = 4 costa. F 11-18 mm.
Cobalopsis. 12 species. Mexico—Argentine.
38 (37). H vein 1a > vein 1b. Uncus undivided. Antennae
> costa. F 11-13 mm.
Arita nov: type Cobalus arita Schaus. 2 species. Colombia—
_ Argentine. :
39a (35b). 3 upf with secondary sexual characters. Mid
— tibiae spined.
39b (41a). Uncus and gnathos quadrifid.
39 (40). 3 upf with compact tripartite stigma of much the
_ same width throughout. F 15-20 mm.
Lerema. 8 species. U.5.A.—S. Brazil.
40 (39). 3 upf stigma more or less developed into brands.
14 mm.
Morys. 7 species. Mexico—Argentine.
4la (39b). Uncus undivided: gnathos arms connivent.
41b (43a). ¢ upf with brands and not a stigma. F 14 mm.
41 (42). 3 upf only with a sagittate brand over base of
vein 2. Upf with conspicuous hyaline spots. Unh more
or less variegated.
Cumbre nov: type Phanes cumbre Schaus. 3 species. S.
Brazil—Argentine.
42 (41). 3 upf with brands over and under vein 2 and
usually over vein 1. Unmarked.
Adlerodea. 3 species. Brazil—Argentine.
43a (41b). ¢ upf with a tripartite stigma.
43 (44). Antennae = } costa. F 16 mm.
Psoralis. 9 species. Honduras-S. Brazil.
44 (43). Antennae long, nearly as long as cell. F 14 mm.
Tigasis. 11 species. Costa Rica—Paraguay.
45a (24b. 35a). Apiculus of 10-11 segments. Nudum 3/11-
4/10.
89
GROUP J. APAUSTUS
Vettius Sub-group
45b (52a). Antennal shaft plain, not chequered.
45c (51). 3 upf no stigma.
45d (49a). ¢ upf with, or without, short brands.
45e (47a). Unh variegated. Mid tibiae spined.
45 (46). H vein 1a < vein tb. Clasp not elongate.
Fii2-18 0m,
Vettius. 21 species. Mexico—Argentine.
46 (45). Hvein 1a > vein 1b. Clasp elongate. F 17-19 mm.
Paracarystus. 3 species. Honduras—S. Brazil.
47a (45e). Unh not variegated.
47 (48). Mid tibiae smooth. No brands. Markings
F tawny. F 18 mm.
Turesis. 3 species. Guatemala-S. Brazil.
~ 48 (47). Mid tibiae spined. Generally with short brands
upf. F 15-19 mm.
Thoon. 11 species. Guatemala-S. Brazil.
49a (45d). 3 upf with long brands.
49 (50). Mid tibiae smooth. ¢ upf brands slender: against
cubitus between veins 3 and 2, over and under vein 2, over
vem I. F.14-20 mm.
Justinia nov: type Hesperia justinianus Latreille. 8 species.
Guatemala—Argentine.
50 (49). Maid tibiae spined. 3g upf brands broad: sagittate
over vein 2, linear under vein 2 and over vein I.
F 15-21 mm.
Eutychide. 10 species. Mexico—S. Brazil.
51 (45c). 3 upf with stigma (sometimes absent). Mid tibiae
spined. Head above, usually green or blue. F 15 mm.
Onophas. 3 species. Panama-S. Brazil.
52a (45b). Antennal shaft chequered. Mid tibiae spined.
52 (53). &d upf small sagittate brand over origin vein 2.
Antennae long. F hyaline spot in space 2 unusually large.
F 18 mm.
Lamponia nov: type Hesperia lamponia Hewitson. 3 species.
S. Brazil.
go
J.1. APAUSTUS
53 (52). 3 upf with stigma. Antennae = 4 costa. F with
hyaline discal and cell spots. F 21 mm.
Naevolus. 1 species. Mexico-S. Brazil.
Keys to Species
J.1. APAUSTUS Hiibner 1819: type menes Stoll: sole
species included.
Antennae < #4 costa: club flattened, obtuse, bluntly
‘pointed: apiculus short, 4-8 segments. Palpi slender, third
segment long, needle-like, erect. Small brown insects with
elongate wings: upf yellow streaked at apex and sometimes
centrally: unf apex veins yellow: unh yellow or grey veined
and may be whitened. No secondary sexual characters.
1 (2). Hind tibiae with only a single (terminal) pair of spurs.
Unh termen ending in a more or less conspicuous narrow
yellow line connecting ends of veins. Nudum 4-6 seg-
ments.
gracilis. 2 sub-species.
(a). Unh more or less whitened. ¢ F 11 mm.
Sub-sp. gracilis Felder 1867: ¢ Colombia: type seems lost,
but B.M. have several specimens ex coll Felder. Fig
Godman & Salvin and Seitz pl 189k = Callimormus
radiola: Seitz pl 189k = menes. Felder’s fig indicates that
a Callimormus head has been gummed on.
Synonym. dimidiatus Skinner 1920: $ Ecuador.
B.M. 2 3 1 2 Costa Rica. 18 ¢ 6 2 Colombia. 29 37 2
Ecuador (Paramba. Balzapamba. Cachabe. Chimbo). 1
a. btazil’’. |
(b). Unh no trace of white colouring, yellow veins very
narrow. Upf yellow veins at apex sharply defined. 3 F
Io mm.
Sub-sp. smarti nov: $ Kaiteur, Br Guiana, 7th Sept 1937,
Jean Smart: type B.M.
fetes 22 Be Guiana 1 6 Peru,(Huanuco). 1 ¢
Bolivia (Santa Cruz).
2 (1). Hind tibiae with 2 pairs of spurs. Unh with conical,
elongate, separated yellow spots along termen between the
yellow veins. Nudum 8 segments. Upf may have yellow
streaks along the costal vein and cubitus and in the middle
of uph. ¢ F 12 mm.
A.H.—7 gi
J.2. CALLIMORMUS
menes Stoll 1782: 3 “Cape of Good Hope”’: figured. Fig
Sepp 1848, ¢ and larva: Godman & Salvin, 3 genitalia:
Seitz, pl 180b = gracilis.
Synonym. radiatus Hayward 1940: g¢ Ecuador, Santa
Inez: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 $ Surinam. 1 ¢ Fr Guiana. 1 g¢ 1 Q Peru
(Amazonas). 5 3 5 2 Upper Amazons (St Paulo d’Olivenca.
Pebas. Tonantins. Obydos. Juhuty). 10 g 15 9 Para.
1 ¢ 1 2 Maranham.
J.2. CALLIMORMUS Scudder 1872: type juventus
Scudder: fixed by author.
Antennae long 5% costa: shaft chequered yellow and
yellow under base of club: club slender, obtuse at thickest
point to long apiculus: nudum 0/10. Palpi cylindrical: third
_ segment long, slender, acicular. Maid tibiae generally with
a few long spines. Wings rounded: H vein 1A = vein 8.
3 upf with brands: typically against cubitus between veins 2
and 3, and under vein 2. Typically with yellow discal spots
upf and unh with yellow veins. The genitalia indicate a
compact genus.
la (4a). Unf no trace of apical spots. Unh pale veins.
tb (3). Unh no discal spots.
1 (2). Antennae shaft chequered in front. ¢ F 10-11 mm.
radiola. 4 sub-species.
(a). Upf sometimes some yellow scaling as faint discal
spots. Unh and apex unf veins yellow and a yellow sub-
terminal line.
Sub-sp. radiola Mabille 1878: ? loc. Fig Godman & Salvin,
¢ and genitalia as gracilis.
B.M. 16 g 6 2 Mexico. 1 ¢ 1 9 Guatemala. 3 ¢ 3 Q
Honduras. 1 g¢ 1 9 Nicaragua. 3 ¢ 3 2 Costa Rica. 8 3g
4 9 Panama. 3.3 3 2 Colombia. 12 $ 6 2 Venezuela.
17 $2 9 Br Guiana. 1 6 1 2 Surinam. 2 $ 2 9 Fr Guiana.
8 3 5 2 Ecuador (Chimbo. Loja. Zamora. Manshi). 5 3
3 9 Peru (Yahuarmayo. Inambari. R. Maranon). 3 ¢
Bolivia (Mapiri. Santa Cruz). 5 3 3 2 Amazons (Ucayali.
Iquitos. Manicore. Para). 1 2 Bahia. 1 ¢ S. Brazil
(Itaparica).
92
J.2. CALLIMORMUS
(b). As elegans, but unf ochreous colouring of veins at
apex and the terminal line absent or vestigial. Unh the
white colouring central, leaving a broad, dark, white-
veined margin below vein 5.
Sub-sp. janna nov: ¢ Santa Rita, Cauca Valley, Colombia:
Paine & Brinkley: type B.M.
B.M. 3 $ Colombia, R. Dagua. 6 3 3 @ type loc.
(c). Unf as radiola, veins at apex and terminal line yellow.
Unh veins 6, 7 and 8 yellow, remainder white and the
interspaces may be entirely white.
Sub-sp. elegans Hayward 1938: 3$ Balzapamba, Ecuador:
genitalia figured.
B.M. 3 33 2 Colombia (“‘Bogota’’). 5 g 1 9 “ Venezuela”’
(? Paramba). 25 $ 16 2 Ecuador (Paramba. Balzapamba.
Chimborazo).
(d). Unh entirely white below mid cell and vein 5, except
that the brown ground colour extends narrowly along
termen to space 1c and the abdominal fold is brownish.
Elsewhere plain brown.
Sub-sp. pusillus Hayward 1934: 9 Argentine: figured.
B.M. 6 3 1 2 Matto Grosso.
2 (1). Antennal shaft plain, dark yellow under base of club.
Below, with more or less of a purple gloss: terminal
yellow line absent or narrow. Darker and larger ¢ F
is mm. |
alsimo Moschler 1882: 3 Surinam: figured.
Synonyms. filata Plotz 1884: ““Cuba”. Fig Godman &
Salvin, 3 and genitalia: Seitz. —
omadius Godman 1900 (Biol. Centr. Am. Lep. Rhop. 2: 576
and 603): no locality or separate description given, but
there is sufficient “‘indication”’ to establish identity.
B.M. 1 ¢ Panama. 2 ¢ Colombia. 2 ¢ 1 2 Venezuela.
Bee o. 2 Pemidad.) 8 6 2.29 Br-Guiana, 1 4 Ecuador
(Chimbo). 1 2 Peru (La Merced). 1 3 Bolivia. (Yungas,
La Paz). 2 ¢ Para and Santarem. 2 ¢ Pernambuco. 2 3
Matto Grosso. 1 ¢ S. Brazil (Itaparica).
3 (1b). Unh with a discal band of pale yellow spots from
space Ic to space 7: black terminal line pierced by yellow
veins. Unf costa and veins at apex yellow. Upf with more
23)
J.2z. CALLIMORMUS
or less distinct yellow scaled spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3:
brands broad. g F 11 mm.
interpunctata Plotz 1884: Bahia. Fig Seitz as vetula.
Synonym. diaeses Schaus 1902: S. Brazil.
B.M. 1 3 1 2 Ecuador (Paramba). 3 ¢ 1 2 Peru (Marca-
pata. Inambari). 7 g 2 2 S. Brazil (Parana. Novo
Friborgo. ‘Tijuco. Sao Paulo. Espirito Santo. Rio
Grande). 3 ¢ Paraguay.
4a (1a). Unf with at least traces of apical spots.
4b (7a). Unh veins yellow or white throughout.
4c (6). Upf spots absent or of sparse ochreous scales.
4 (5). Unh discal band continuous and expanded in
spaces 4 and 5, nearly totermen. ¢ F 11 mm.
simplicius Hayward 1938: 3 Paraguay: figured. Fig Hay-
ward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 ¢ Bolivia (Santa Cruz). 1 ¢ 1 2 Para. 1 g 19
Parana. 5.¢ 2 9 Paraguay. 1 ¢ Argentine.
5 (4). Unh discal band of small spots between the veins.
a EF omiemin:
corus Bell 1941: ¢ Para: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 $ Pernambuco. 6 3 1 2 Bahia. 3 ¢ 1 9 Minas
Geraes. 1 3 Uruguay.
6 (4c). Upf spots in spaces 2 and 3 solid yellow: often apical
spots and discal spots uph. Unh grades from a form like
corus to a form with the discal band solid and the basal
area internal thereto yellow. Unf spots in spaces 2 and 3
usually present. ¢ F 11 mm., more pointed than usual.
juventus Scudder 1872: 9 Panama. Fig Godman & Salvin:
Seitz: Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
Synonym. polita Plétz 1884: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 14 3429 Mexico. 7 5 1 2 Guatemala. 3 ¢ 1 9 Costa
Rica. 5 ¢ Panama. 1 6 1 2 Colombia. 4 3 1 9 Venezuela.
1 § Tobago. 1 $ Surinam. 5 d 1 9 Para. 2 $ 2 9 Ceara.
3 619 Bahia. 1 $2 9 Minas Geraes. 1 ¢ Espirito Santo.
1 2 Argentine (Entre Rios).
7a (4b). Unh veins not white or yellow throughout.
b (9g). Unh with a pale discal band.
7 (8). Unh the band macular. Upf with very pale yellow
94
J.2. CALLIMORMUS
discal spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3 and at apex: discal row
uph. Unf olive scaling at apex, spots in spaces 2 and 3 and
at apex conspicuous. Unh dark brown with sparse ochre-
ous scaling, veins before termen paler: broad violet-grey
macular discal band from space Ic to space 7 and a sub-
tornal yellowish spot in space 1c. § F 11 mm.
corades Felder 1862: Rio. Fig Seitz: Hayward 1951, g and
genitalia: figs by Godman & Salvin are of saturnus.
Synonyms. decrepida Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
sporus Mabille 1883: ? loc.
- waparus Bell 1941: 3 Brazil: genitalia figured.
Eien oY Mexico 1g ‘Colombia: 8 65 2) Amazons
(Juhuty. Para. Santarem). 1 9 Maranham. 4 ¢ Pernam-
Buees2 ¢ 1? Bahiar 2042 2 Minas) Geraes! 565. 2
S. Brazil (Rio. Sao Paulo). 2 $ Argentine.
8 (7). Unh the band continuous. Upf conspicuous deep
yellow spots in spaces 2 and 3, fainter in space 1b and at
apex: often a cell spot. Uph overlaid dark yellow hairs,
no discal band. Unf costa and cell deep ochreous, grey
scaling at apex: spots in spaces 2 and 3 conspicuous, apical
spots faint. Unh violet-grey scaled: dark edged violet-
grey discal band: abdominal fold yellow. g F 11-13 mm.
saturnus Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. MS fig of type in
B.M. Fig as corades by Seitz and Godman & Salvin, 3
and genitalia: and by Hayward 1934.
Synonym. tenera Plotz 1884: Laguayra.
B.M. 1 g Texas. 34 5 12 9 Mexico. 9 5 4 ? Guatemala.
1 g 1 2 Honduras. 1 ¢ Nicaragua. 1 ¢ 1 9 Costa Rica.
6 ¢ Panama. 45 3 4 9 Colombia. 30 ¢ 18 2 Venezuela.
23 6 16 2 Trinidad. 7 ¢ Tobago. 12 $ 11 2 Br Guiana.
eee] Suriname ro Peru (Rio: Colorado)... 3 g115 2
Bolivia (Buenavista). 11 ¢ 4 9 Amazons (Villa Nova to
Para). Ig 1 @ Ceara. 1 ¢ Goyaz. 3 5 Matto Grosso.
Boe 2 29. Brazil. .7 3 3 2 Paraguay.
9 (7b). Unh violet-grey band from base to apex and a large
violet-grey area against termen. Upf costa olive-green and
discal spots of same colour from space 1b to space 8, no
cell spot. Uph 2 or 3 brown spots. Unf 3 or 4 conjoined
white spots at apex. ¢ F 10 mm.
2B
J.3. EUTOCUS
beda Plétz 1886: Blumenau. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. wopiscella Plotz 1886: Minas Geraes: MS fig
in B.M.
eortus Schaus 1902: Parana. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 29 3 10 9 S. Brazil (Parana. Sao Paulo. Santa
Catharina. Petropolis. Rio Grande).
J.3. EUTOCUS Godman igor: type facilis Plotz: fixed by
author as phthia Godman, which is a synonym of facilis.
Like Callimormus with an angled brand over the origin of
vein 2, but no brand below that vein. The genitalia, which
vary a good deal with the species, are not of the Callimormus
type. Mid tibiae smooth. Mostly small, ¢ F 10-12 mm. and
with inconspicuous or no markings upf.
la (6a). Below, without dark markings.
1b (3a). Below, unmarked except for a few discal spots H:
veins not yellow.
1 (2). Unh discal spots, if present, yellowish. Upf may be
spots of a few yellow scales in spaces 2, 3, 6 and 7. Unf
sparse dark ochreous scaling: dorsum broadly paler. Unh
with dark ochreous scaling, usually discal spots of a few
yellow scales in spaces 2-6.
facilis Pl6tz 1884: Surinam: copy of MS fig in B.M.
Synonyms. phthia Godman igor: 3 Mexico: type B.M.
figured ¢ and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
volasus Godman 1901: 3 Panama.
B.M. 31 3 8 2 Mexico. 1 $ Guatemala. 5 ¢ 3 9 Hon-
duras. 1 2 Nicaragua. 8 3 2 2 Costa we 7 gues
Panama. 1 ¢ Colombia. 1 9 Trinidad. 1 ¢ Br Guiana.
1 2 Fr Guiana. 6 $ Ecuador (Chimbo. Cachabe. Balza-
pamba). 1 9 Bolivia. 1 g “‘Amazons”’.
2 (1). Unh with 3 small bluish-white discal spots. ¢ F
Io mm. |
minimus Bell 1940: 3 Rio Ucayali, = genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
3a (1b). Unh with 2 spots before end cell and a discal row
in spaces Ic~7: veins more or less yellow.
3b (5). Unh the spots whitish.
96
J.3. EUTOCUS
3 (4). ¢d Fi2mm. Upfa yellow spot in upper part of cell
and faint spots on disc. Genitalia differ.
fabulinus Plotz 1884: Surinam: copy of MS fig in B.M.
Fig Seitz (badly). }
Miao br Guiana, “1?! Espirito’ Santo” (coll
Hewitson).
4 (3). ¢ F 11 mm. Upf no yellow spot in cell.
matildae. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf faint spots of yellow scales in spaces rb, 2, 3, 6-8
and a spot under origin of vein 2. Unf veins on costa and
at apex yellow, dorsum paler, faint traces of apical spots.
Unh with a purple wash, veins yellow: violet grey spots,
large lower spot before end cell, and a small upper spot in
cell: discal row in spaces Ic (2 spots), 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.
Before termen unf and unh a narrow dark line not cut by
the yellow veins.
Sub-sp. vinda nov: $ Peru, Amazonas, Cavallo Cocha: May
to July 1884: M. de Mathan: type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ 1 9 Panama. 1 2 Colombia. 1 9 Trinidad. 1 3
3 2 Br Guiana. 1 3 1 2 Ecuador (La Chima. Paramba).
1g Peru. 4919 E-. Bolivia (Santa Cruz). 4 3 4 9 Matto
Grosso.
(b). Differs only in lacking the yellow veins unf and unh.
Sub-sp. matildae Hayward 1941: g Argentine: genitalia
figured. Fig Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 5 ¢ Parana. 1 ¢ Espirito Santo. 1 ¢ Argentine.
5 (3b). Unh the spots yellow: yellow veins less conspicuous.
Unf with yellow sub-apical spots, beyond which the veins
are yellow and there is a yellow line from vein 3 to vein 8,
along the termen, before the dark terminal line. Upf faint
spots as in vinda.
quichua Lindsey 1925: 3 Peru: 3 and genitalia figured.
Synonym. adornatus Hayward 1940: g Ecuador: ¢
genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 $ Ecuador (Loja). 2 ¢ Peru (Perene. Huanco).
10 ¢ 3 2 Bolivia (Santa Cruz).
6a (1a). Below, variegated with dark spots and lines. Not
seen and may pertain to Lucida.
97
J.4. VIRGA
6(7). ¢ F 16 mm. Upf faint spots in spaces 2 and 3. Unf
fulvous brown above vein 2: irregular yellow line beyond
end cell and another line beyond from apex to vein 2 with
spots between in the apical area. Unh brown line at end
of cell and 3 wavy lines beyond. Genitalia like facilis.
paulo Bell 1932: 3 Brazil, Paulo, near Mt Roraima: genitalia
figured.
B.M. None.
7 (6). 3 F 12 mm. Above, unmarked except for a few
yellow scales on costa F. Unf pale stripe on dorsum:
yellow scaling on costa and apex: 2 dark spots across cell:
3 bands of dark spots beyond cell, ending on veins 3, 2 and
1. Unh lightly yellow scaled: 5 sinuous bands of brown
spots.
arabupuana Bell 1932: ¢ Arabupu, Brazil: genitalia figured.
' B.M. 1 ¢ Bahia (in poor condition).
J.4. VIRGA Evans (p. 84): type virginius Moschler: fixed
by author.
Antennae half costa: chequered yellow and yellow under
club: club } shaft: apiculus obtuse from beginning of nudum
of 10 segments. Palpi slender, hairy: third segment very
long and slender, no thicker than the antennal shaft. Mid
tibiae smooth. F veins 11 and 12 approximate: vein 5 de-
curved at origin: vein 2 mid base and end cell. H cell
> 4 wing: vein 1a = vein 8. ¢ upf with a small, black,
rounded brand over the origin of vein 2. Differs from
Callimormus in respect of the 3 brand, the genitalia clasp,
which has no cuiller, and the presence unf of 2 spots beyond
the discal band, near the termen.
| (2a). Unh yellow veins conspicuous. ¢ F 1o-14mm. Upf
yellow spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3, rarely in 4 and 5, and
sometimes I or more at apex in spaces 6-8. Uph yellow
spots in spaces 2—5, which may be conjoined to a band by
yellow scaling. Unf vein 12 and veins at apex yellow, also
the median veinlet from base to end of cell: no spot in
space 1b, those in spaces 2 and 3 yellow, and those in
spaces 4 and 5 near termen, white, as well as the apical spots
in spaces 6-8. Unh dark brown with yellow veins: an
98
4 VIRGA
irregular sub-basal violet area formed of conjoined spots
mid cell and near bases of spaces 1c and 7: broad irregular
violet discal band from space Ic to space 7, widest in
spaces 4 and 5, but not reaching the termen: the violet
areas may be reduced or absent. Gnathos much shorter
than the uncus. A very variable species, which with more
material might be divisible into sub-species.
virginius Moschler 1882: ¢ Surinam: figured. Fig Seitz
(badly).
Synonyms. cometho Godman 1go1: g Mexico: type B.M.:
figured, $ and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
silvanus Hayward 1947: 3 Brazil: genitalia figured.
B.M. 3 61 2 Mexico. 1 9 Fr Guiana. 3 3 4 2 Ecuador
(Paramba). 3 ¢ 3 2 E. Bolivia (Santa Cruz. Buenavista).
Peete OW pper Amazons (Welle): 3 ¢ 1 2 Para. 1 2
““Transvaal’’.
2a (1). Unh yellow veins inconspicuous. Gnathos nearly as
long as uncus.
2 (3a). Upf and uph orange markings conspicuous. ¢ F
1o mm. Upf suffused orange band from vein rb to vein 3
and apical band in spaces 6 and 7. Uph veins on disc
orange, overlaid by orange hairs from base. Unf veins
yellow as in wirginius: yellow spot in space 2; faint spots
in spaces 4 and 5 near termen and apical in spaces 6 and 7.
Unh irregular violet area at base, followed by an irregular
central ochreous-brown band, then an irregular, broad
violet discal band: dorsum and termen broadly ochreous-
brown, veins yellowish.
xantho Schaus 1913: 3 Costa Rica: figured.
B.M. 1 3 Costa Rica. 1 $ Ecuador (Paramba).
3a (2). Upf and uph orange markings inconspicuous or
absent.
3 (4). Unh the central pale spot in space 7 is united to the
discal and not to the central pale band. ¢ F 11 mm.
Closely resembles wirginius. Above, markings reduced,
may be suffused or absent. Unh the violet discal band
reaches the termen in spaces 4-5. Cilia conspicuously
chequered yellow arid black.
99
J.5. EPRIUS
austrinus Hayward 1934: 2 Argentine: figured. Fig Hay-
ward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 2 3 2 2 Bolivia (Cochabamba. Santa Cruz). 1 3 Para.
1 2 Pernambuco. 1 3 Minas Geraes. 1 3 2 2 Sao Paulo.
2563 ¢ Parana. 2 g 1 9 Paraguay.
4 (3). Unh the central pale spot in space 7 is united to the
central and not to the discal pale band. ¢ F 10 mm.
Above, dark brown with basal yellow hairs: cilia chequered
conspicuously. Upf with small yellow scaled spots in
spaces 1b, 2, 3, 6 and 7. Uph faint discal band of sparse
yellow scales. Unf vein 12 and veins at apex faintly
yellow: yellow spots in spaces 2 and 3 and upper cell spot
(faint in 2, which also has a suffused whitish spot in space
tb): double white spot near termen in spaces 4 and 5: con-
joined white apical spots in spaces 6-8: broken terminal
white line with a short inward dash in the middle of each
space. Unh dark brown, veins inconspicuously yellow:
pale violet spot at base of space 7: central band from
space 1c, broadly across cell to a spot mid space 7: similar
broad discal band from space Ic to space 5 and a small
spot in space 6 midway between the discal band and the
spot mid space 7: terminal white line as on unf.
phola nov: ¢ Matto Grosso: Dec 1929: R. Spitz.
BUM. ‘13: 1,9 typeiloc.
J.5. EPRIUS Godman 1go1: type veleda Godman: fixed
by author.
Synonym. Epeus Godman i1go1: type veleda Godman:
fixed by author: homonym of Epeus Peckham 1885.
Antennae half costa: shaft chequered yellow and black,
yellow at base of club, below: nudum o/10. Palpi slender,
third segment long, thin. Mid tibiae smooth: legs yellowish.
3 upf with a long brand against cubitus between veins 3 and
2 and a long brand centred under origin of vein 2, extending
inwards nearly to base of cubitus: uph erect hairs along
vein Ia.
Single species. ¢ F 12 mm. Unmarked dark brown.
Palpi, below, yellow and black.
veleda. 2 sub-species.
100
J.6. MNASICLES
(a). Unf uniform. Apex unf and all unh sparsely strewn
with inconspicuous ochreous scales.
Sub-sp. veleda Godman i1go1: 3 Mexico: type B.M.:
figured, $, venation and genitalia. Fig Seitz: Hayward
IQ5I.
B.M. 26 3 20 9 Mexico. 6 3 1 2 Guatemala. 1 ¢ Costa
Rica. 1 g§ Panama. 3 $ Colombia. 1 ¢ Venezuela. 1 3
3 2 Trinidad. 20 $ 1 2 Ecuador (Paramba). 1 ¢$ Bolivia
(Santa Cruz). 1 g ‘““Amazons’’. 1 g Argentine.
(b). Unf dorsum outwardly paler. Unh purple except for
brown abdominal fold, strewn with grey scales, which are
denser on the disc, forming a pale central area and vague
discal spots.
Sub-sp. palta nov: ¢ Para, Amazons: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 Para. 1 ¢ Pena Branca.
J.6. MNASICLES Godman igor: type geta Godman:
fixed by author.
Generally like Eprius. Mid tibiae with a few spines. ¢ upf
with a narrow, broken stigma from base vein 3 to vein I.
Uph with erect hairs along vein 1a. Above, unmarked.
Aedoeagus and saccus very long.
| (2). ¢ F 12 mm. Dark brown. Unf dark brown, outer
half of space 1b paler: obscure ochreous scaling along
costa: violet-grey scaling along upper half of termen. Unh
dark brown with sparse central and denser submarginal
violet-grey scaling.
geta Godman i1go1: $ Mexico: type B.M.: figured 3, vena-
tion, genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 22 3 9 2 Mexico. 5 g Guatemala. 1 g 1 9 Hon-
duras. 7 ¢ Costa Rica.
2 (1). 36 F 13 mm. Brown, stigma and cilia grey. Below,
pale brown with inconspicuous grey scaling. Unf darker
below cell.
hicetaon Godman igo1: ¢ Mexico: type B.M.: figured
S genitalia.
Synonym. kdhler1 Hayward 1939: 3 Corrientes: genitalia
figured. Fig Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 3 5 Mexico. '3 ¢ Trinidad. 2 $ Paraguay.
HOW
J.7. LUDENS
3 (1. 2). ¢ F 15 mm. Deep reddish-brown, above and
below. Collar greenish-blue.
thymoetes Hayward 1941: 3g Ecuador, Bafios: genitalia
figured.
B.M. None.
J.7. LUDENS Evans (p. 84): type /udens Mabille: fixed
by author.
Antennae very long, 335 costa: shaft plain, yellow under
beginning of club and under apiculus: club 4 shaft: apiculus
obtuse, nudum 10 segments. Palpi slender, hairy: third seg-
ment long and thin, as in Callimormus. Mid tibiae smooth.
H cell > $ wing. 3 upf small circular brand at origin of
vein 2.
Single species. ¢ F 12 mm. Upf yellow opaque spot in
space 1b: yellow hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6 and, in
2, lower cell spot over the spot in space 2. Uph faint
suffused yellowish area about end of cell and similar discal
spot in spaces 2-5. Unf brown: yellow streak from base
over vein 12, continuing as spots in spaces 11, 10 and 9g:
yellow upper streak before end of cell: veins at apex
yellow: a yellow line along termen: spot in space 1b faint,
suffused. Unh purple glossed, except on abdominal fold:
veins yellow, except for vein 5, the upper disco-cellular
vein and the radius, through mid cell beyond origin of
vein 7: a yellow streak mid space 1c from base to termen:
yellow discal bars, instead of spots, in spaces Ic, 2, 3 and 5:
yellow line along termen. 2 upf spots white and unf a
white area in space Ib.
ludens Mabille 1891: Chiriqui. Type fig by Godman &
Salvin.
Synonyms. petrovna Schaus 1902: ¢ Petropolis.
silvaticus Hayward 1940: $ Argentine: genitalia figured.
Fig Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 14 Venezuela. 1 9 Br Guiana. 1 ¢ Amazonsi7a@
Minas Geraes. 1 $1 2S. Brazil (Corcovado). 2 2 Argentine.
J.8. METHIONOPSIS Godman 1gor: type ma Plotz:
fixed by author as modestus Godman, which is a synonym
of ina.
102
J.8. METHIONOPSIS
Antennae longer than half costa: shaft slightly chequered
and yellow under club, which is ¢ shaft: nudum 0/10. Palpi
slender, third segment long, thin. Mid tibiae smooth. F
vein 5 straight, not decurved as usual. 3 upf typically with
inconspicuous narrow brands, against cubitus between
origins veins 3 and 2, over and under vein 2. Dark brown,
without markings.
I (2a). 3 upf long brand present above vein 2. Unf dorsum
broadly pale. Unh with more or less of a purple gloss
and dark ochreous scaling. Very variable in size, ¢ F
IO-I5 mm.
ina Plotz 1882: Chiriqui. Fig Seitz: Butler 1869 as philemon.
Synonyms. modestus Godman t1go1: 3 Mexico: type
B.M.: figured 3, venation and genitalia.
modesta Godman 1901: = modestus.
planus Weeks 1901: 3 Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1906.
B.M. 14 3 5 @ Mexico. 2 ¢ Guatemala. 1 ¢ 1 2 Hon-
Gumiseet so 1 2 Costa Rica. 3 6.1 9 Panama. 11 6 3 9
Solompia.9 5 52 Venezuela. 13.6 19 Vrmidad. 1 ¢1 2
BiGuiana, 2 622 Surinam. 1 ¢ 1 2 Fr Guiana. 5 4) 5 2
Ecuador. 2 ¢ Bolivia. 11 3 5 2 Amazons (Pebas to Para).
1 ¢ Maranham. 1 9 Ceara. 1 ¢ Bahia. 1 ¢ Minas Geraes.
10 $6295. Brazili 3 1 2 Paraguay.
2a (1). g upf no brand above vein 2. ¢ F 12 mm.
2 (3a). Unh scaling grey or pale yellow, sparse. Uncus,
seen ventrally, bifid. 3 upf brands as typhon.
dolor nov: ¢ Colombia, Cauca, Juntas: M. de Mathan:
type B.M.
B.M. 1 9 Panama. 3 ¢ 2 9 Colombia (Cauca. R. Dagua).
1 § Br Guiana. 5 2 Paramba. 1 ¢ Peru (Chambireyacu).
3a (2). Unh scaling dark ochreous as in zma. Uncus trifid.
3 (4). 3d upf slender brand against cubitus between veins 3
and 2 and a short brand under origin of vein 2.
typhon Godman 1gor1: S$ Guatemala: type B.M.: genitalia
figured.
B.M. 4 3 Guatemala.
4 (3). 3 upf no brands. Otherwise as typhon.
purus Bell 1940: ¢ Peru, R. Santiago: genitalia figured.
B.M. None. |
103
J.9. PANCA
J.9. PANCA Evans (p. 84): type subpunctuli Hayward:
fixed by author.
Antennae half costa: shaft chequered: club long, } shaft:
nudum 0/11. Palpi slender: third segment long. Mid tibiae
spined. ¢$ upf with a small dark brand over the origin of
vein 2.
Single species. ¢ F 13 mm. Above, light brown, whitish
at apex F and, in 9, along costa: cilia white. Upf in 2
whitish spots in spaces 2 and 3. Below, grey, dark brown
above dorsum F. Unh with minute black discal spots in
spaces 2, 3 and 6.
subpunctuli Hayward 1934: ¢ Argentine: figured. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 2 3 2 2 Argentine.
J.10. SODALIA Evans (p. 85): type sodals Butler: fixed
by author.
Antennae = } costa: shaft chequered and yellow under
base of club: club slender = + shaft: apiculus obtuse,
nudum 2/10. Palpi slender, hairy: third segment cylindrical,
slender, protruding. Mid tibiae with a few spines. ¢ upf
with a widening brand against the cubitus between veins 3
and 2 and a short bar under vein 2. Genitalia unlike any
other in respect of the uncus and gnathos viewed ventrally:
both are divided into two widely separated branches, form-
ing the sides of a square. All the species are plain dark
brown above: the unh is more or less marked.
| (2a). Unh with conspicuous white spots. ¢ F 14 mm.
Unf costa and apex dull dark ferruginous, unmarked. Unh
dark ferruginous, except for the brown abdominal fold:
conspicuous large quadrate white discal spot in spaces 4-5:
small white spots nearer termen in spaces 2 and 3: some-
times a spot before end of cell and an irregular dash across
space 1c midway between the cell and the discal spots.
Palpi brown and yellow. H termen convex and tornus
rounded.
dimassa Hewitson 1876: $ Brazil: type B.M. Fig Hayward
1951, ¢ and genitalia.
Synonyms. argyrospila Mabille 1876: 3 Para.
104
J.11. MNESTHEUS
gabinus Plétz 1882: Rio. Fig Seitz.
purgis Schaus 1902: 3 Petropolis.
B.M. 15 $825. Brazil (Rio. Parana. Sao Paulo. Santa
Catharina). 2 g Argentine.
2a (1). Unh without conspicuous white spots.
2 (3). Unh with small faint whitish spots at end cell and
on disc from space 2 to space 6. H termen convex and
tornus rounded as in dimassa. 3 F 14 mm.
sodalis Butler 1877: ¢ Amazons: type B.M.
Synonyms. huaynat Lindsey 1925: 3 Peru: genitalia
figured.
saramaca Williams & Bell 1931: $ Dutch Guiana: ¢ and
genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 2 ‘Nicaragua. 1 $ Costa Rica. 1 $ Colombia. 2 3
Pemeade 6 ¢ Br Guiana, 5 6 Surinams? 2 ¢ 1°) Fr
Guiana. 29 ¢ 6 2 Ecuador (Paramba. Cachabe). 11 ¢ 5 9
Amazons (Iquitos—Para).
3 (2). Unh with small yellow discal spots in spaces 2-6.
Unf sometimes yellow spots in spaces 3 and 6. H more
produced and termen nearly straight. ¢ F 13 mm.
coler Schaus 1902: ¢ Novo Friborgo. Fig Hayward 1951,
¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 $ Colombia. 1 $ Ecuador (Paramba). 1 ¢ Minas
Gemes.7 & 5S. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Rio. Parana). 7 ¢
Paraguay. 9 5 1 2 Argentine.
J.11. MNESTHEUS Godman 1go1: type zttona Butler:
fixed by author.
Antennae rather longer than half costa: shaft minutely
white chequered and whitish under club: nudum 0/12. Palpi
slender: third segment long and thin. Mid tibiae with a few
long spines. ¢ upf small compact brand over base of vein 3.
Upf with hyaline white spots in spaces 2 and 3 and some-
times 7: yellowish streak or spot in space 1b, which is absent
unf. $ F 13-15 mm.
I (2. 3). Unh mostly silvery-white: basal fifth dark brown,
outwardly reddish edged and some reddish scaling at base
costa: abdominal fold dark brown, whence there is a large
105
J.12. ARTINES
dark discal area, reddish edged from end cell and vein 6
and meeting the termen mid space Ic: there may be
reddish spots in spaces 2 and 3 on the dark area: basal
2 space ta silvery.
ittona Butler 1870: 3 Venezuela: type B.M. Fig Butler
1874: Godman & Salvin g, genitalia, venation: Seitz.
B.M. 1 g¢ Panama. 8 $3 Venezuela. 7 $ 3 2 Ecuador
(Balzapamba. Yanguillo). 2 g¢ Peru (Oxapampa). 3 ¢3
Bolivia (Cochabamba).
2 (1. 3). Unh basal fifth dark brown: central third silvery
white band from costa to mid space 1c and end cell: outer
half of wing dark brown.
damma nov: 2 Ecuador, Balzapamba: M. de Mathan. type
B.M
B.M. 4 @ type loc.
3 (1. 2). Unh entirely dark brown except for a slender white
line along vein 1b.
servilius Moschler 1882: Surinam. Fig Seitz.
B.M. None.
J.12. ARTINES Godman igor: type aqulina Plotz: fixed
by author as aepitus Geyer, but his description applies to
aquilina.
Antennae long 58; costa: shaft plain, whitish under base of
club: club = } shaft, obtuse at thickest point, nudum 12
segments. Palpi slender, hairy: third segment long and thin,
sharply pointed. Mid tibiae smooth. Wings rounded. 3 upf
brand may be present. Uncus undivided, gnathos divided:
aedoeagus with an accessory process. Unh variegated.
la (5a). Upf conspicuous hyaline white spots in spaces 2
and
tb (4). Unh no conspicuous double shining blue spot
before end of cell.
I (2a). g upf no brand. Unf generally with a conspicuous
subtornal pale area. ¢ F 14 mm. Upf rarely a dot in
space 1b, may be a spot in space 6. Unf costa and veins
at apex olive: 3 apical bluish-white spots, beyond which
there is a broad violet band from space 4 to space 9,
106
J.12. ARTINES
followed by a narrow dark band divided by pale veins,
then a narrow violet band along the termen from space 7
to space 2 or 3, before the dark terminal line. Unh with
a conspicuous peacock eye centred round a large quadrate
black spot at base of spaces 4 and 5, which is inwardly
edged by a narrow whitish bar and outwardly surrounded
by a curved row of black-edged, bluish-white spots in
spaces 1c~7, which in turn are inwardly and outwardly
edged with yellow: along termen there is a violet band
from space 2 to space 7 inwardly and outwardly edged
dark brown: dorsal and basal part of wing with olive-grey
scaling.
aepitus Geyer 1832: “Java’’: figured. Figs by Godman
& Salvin and Seitz are of aquilina.
Synonym. atizies Godman 1901: 3 Br Guiana: type B.M.:
figured ¢ and genitalia: Seitz.
B.M. 3 2 Panama. 1 3 2 2 Venezuela. 39 3 19 2 Trini-
dad. 1 ¢ Br Guiana. 1 92 Fr Guiana. 4 3 2 9 Ecuador
(La Chima. Paramba). 1 $ 1 9 Peru (Moyabamba.
Tarapote). 8 ¢ 2 9 Amazons (St Paulo d’Olivenca—Para).
1 § Pernambuco. 1 g 3 25S. Brazil (Espirito Santo).
2a (1). 3 upf with an angled brand over origin vein 2. Unf
no conspicuous subtornal pale area.
2 (3). Unh the dark line outwardly bordering the yellow
edging to the peacock eye regular and continuous, as in
aepitus. § F 15 mm. Except as specified, like aepitus.
focus nov: 3 Roraima, Br Guiana: H. Whitely: type B.M.
B.M. 3 3 1 2 Br Guiana. 1 $ 3 ¢ Amazons (Santarem.
Para). 1 9 Pernambuco.
3 (2). Unh the dark line outwardly bordering the yellow
edging to the peacock eye is irregular and macular. Cilia
usually chequered. § F 14 mm. Upf no apical spots.
Unf like aepitus, but the 2-4 apical spots are violet, the
veins at the apex are not pale and there is no pale area in
space 1b. Unh the black centre of the peacock eye is
much smaller and the markings much more irregular:
discal band is violet like the submarginal band, wider and
confluent: dark band beyond is broken into lunules.
A.H.—8 107
J.1z2. ARTINES
aquilina Plotz 1883: g ? loc. Fig Godman & Salvin as
aepitus, venation and genitalia: Seitz pl 190a upperside is
correct, but not the underside which is figured correctly
for aquilina as aepitus.
Synonym. barbara Weeks 1902: Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1906.
tertius Strand 1920: Brazil.
B.M. 1 2 Colombia. 2 $ Venezuela. 1 ¢ Peru (Yahuar-
mayo). 5 3 3 2 Minas Geraes. 20 $ 5 2 S. Brazil (Sao
Paulo. Rio. Espirito Santo. ‘Theresopolis. Santa Catha-
rina).
4 (1b). Unh with shining light blue spots, black edged, on
a brown ground: central from space tc across cell to base
of space 7: discal row from space Ic to space 7: the rows
separated by a yellow area and the veins yellowish: violet-
grey band before the terminal black line. ¢ F 15 mm.
Upf dark brown: white hyaline spots in spaces 2 and 3,
sometimes 6, rarely 4, 5 and 7: may be yellowish opaque
spot in space 1b. Unf dark brown, dorsum broadly paler,
but no spot in space 1b: costa broadly pale brown, veins
at apex yellowish: hyaline spots in spaces 2 and 3 and
maybe in 4 and 5: violet-white apical spots in spaces 6-8,
which may be hyaline, outwardly edged by dark spots
extending to spaces 5 and 4, where they may have violet-
white centres: a postdiscal black band between violet-grey
bands: a black terminal line. Looks like an intermediate
between Phanes aletes and rezia, but the palpi and genitalia
appertain to Artines. 3 brand upf as in aquilina.
trogon nov: ¢ Merida, Venezuela: type B.M. Fig in Seitz
as rezia.
B.M. 1 $ Colombia. 1 g 1 2 Venezuela. 10 3 5 2 Br
Guiana. 1 2 Bolivia. 2 ¢ 2 2? Amazons (Pebas. Santarem).
5a (1a). Upf without conspicuous hyaline white spots in
spaces 2 and 3. Unh no peacock eye. ¢ upf no brand.
5 (6. 7). Unh grey with a postdiscal row of grey-centred
black spots in spaces 1c—7, inwardly the spots in spaces 3
and 6 are black: between the postdiscal spots and the base
there are 3 narrow brown lines from space Ic to space 7.
$ F 13 mm. Upf brown with some dull yellow scaling:
faint indications of discal and apical spots: small dark
108
J.13. AECAS
circular brand over origin of vein 2. Unf brown: costa,
cell and apex with greyish ochreous scaling: before apex
an inner and an outer row of black ringed greyish-ochreous
spots, the inner spots rectangular, outer spots circular:
inner band ends in space 3 with a long spot overlapping
the outer band: faint discal spots in spaces 2 and 3: space
tb unmatked brown. Bears a close resemblance to
_ Lopyrion satyrina.
satyr nov: ¢ Sao Paulo: E. D. Jones: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
6 (5. 7). Unh ochreous-brown with a white dot in cell and
a discal row between spaces 1c and 7. g F 123 mm.
Above, black, apex F conspicuously white. Unf ochreous-
brown: discal row of small white spots in spaces 2, 3, 6-8,
followed by a row of small black spots half-way to termen.
acroleuca Plétz 1884: Brazil. Fig Seitz.
B.M. None.
7 (5. 6). Unh dark brown, veins yellow: shining violet-blue
spots, double before end cell, in space tc nearer base,
discal row in spaces 1c~7, followed by a submarginal row
as on unf. ¢ F 12 mm. Upf dark brown: sparse yellow
scaling at apex and small insignificant spots of yellow
scales in spaces 2 and 3 and maybe also in spaces 4, 5, 6-8.
Unt dark brown, broadly paler along dorsum: veins at
apex yellow: small whitish spots in spaces 2 and 3:
straight row of violet-white spots in spaces 5-6: narrow
violet-white dashes at margin between the yellow veins,
just before the black terminal line.
fosca nov: ¢ St Paulo d’Olivenca: M. de Mathan: type B.M.
B.M. 1 6 1 2 Fr Guiana. 1 ¢ 2 9 Amazons (Type. Ega.
Santarem).
J.13. AECAS Hemming 1939: type aecas Stoll: fixed by
author.
Synonym. Flaccilla Godman 1902: type aecas Stoll: fixed
by author: homonym of Flacilla Koken 1896.
Antennae 9/16 costa: shaft minutely white chequered and
white under base of club: club ¢shaft, slender: apiculus obtuse
from beginning of nudum of 12 segments. Palpi slender:
10g
J.14. MNASEAS
third segment long, conical, pointed. Mid tibiae smooth.
3S upf with long, narrow brands, against cubitus between
veins 2 and 3, over and under vein 2 and over vein I.
Single species. ¢ F 18 mm. Above, silky brown. Upf
opaque yellow spot in space 1b, hyaline white spots in
spaces 2, 3, 6 and 2 in cell. Unf costa and apex violet-
blue: veins yellowish-white: spot in space 1b white. Unh
violet-blue, except for the brown abdominal fold, veins
yellowish-white: faint whitish discal spots from space Ic
to space 6 and a similar row before the black terminal line.
aecas Stoll 1781: Surinam: figured. Fig Hewitson 1871:
Godman & Salvin, $ and genitalia: Seitz.
Synonym. amana Hewitson 1866: 2 Para: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3S Guatemala. 1 2 Nicaragua. 2 $ Colombia.
I ¢ Venezuela. 12 6 9 2 Trinidad. 7 $ 3 2 Br Guiana.
1 Q Fr Guiana. 8 ¢ 8 2 Amazons (Tonantins to Para).
Ig 1925S. Brazil (Espirito Santo).
J.14. MNASEAS Godman 1go1: type bicolor Mabille: fixed
by author.
Antennae half costa: shaft more or less chequered, yellow
under club: nudum 3/10. Palpi slender, third segment long,
thin, pointed. Mid tibiae spined. Wings broad, rounded.
$ upf slender grey stigma from vein 1 to base vein 3, lower
part typically consisting of dots over vein 1 and under vein 2.
Genitalia like Corticea.
| (2). Unh no white spots.
bicolor. 3 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 13 mm. Brown, with dull ochreous hairs basally.
Below, unmarked; costa and apex F and all H with dull
ochreous scaling.
Sub-sp. bicolor Mabille 1889: Honduras: figured. Fig ~
Godman & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz.
B.M. 2 ¢ Mexico. 2 ¢ Honduras..1 Nicaragua. I ¢
Panama.
(b). ¢ F 14 mm. Upf ¢ central part of stigma absent.
Below, uniform dark brown, the ochreous scaling absent
or vestigial.
110
J.15. GALLIO
Sub-sp. macia nov: 3 Colombia, Rio Magdalena: type B.M.
B.M. 2 $ Colombia. 1 g Ecuador (Cachabe).
(c). g¢ F 15 mm. Upf may have spots of dull ochreous
scales in spaces 2, 3, 6 and 7. Unf dark brown, dark
ochreous scaling along costa and at, apex: yellow scaled
spots in spaces 2—7: paler in space 1b. Unh dark ochreous
brown: discal yellow spots in spaces 2-6, more or less
_ suffused. Guiana specimens are intermediate to macia.
Sub-sp. inca Bell 1930: ¢ Bolivia: genitalia figured.
B.M. 2 ¢ Br Guiana. 5 3 1 2 Fr Guiana. 1 3 Bolivia
_ (Santa Cruz). 9 3 6 2 Para. 1 3 S. Brazil (Sao Paulo).
2 (1). Unh 2 oblique snow-white spots in spaces 6 and 7,
near apex: dorsum to vein 2 grey. Elsewhere above and
below, plain brown, unmarked. $ F 12 mm.
bias Plotz 1882: S. America: copy of MS fig in B.M.
B.M. None.
J.15. GALLIO Evans (p. 85): type gallio Mabille: fixed
by author.
Antennae half costa: shaft plain, yellow under club, which
= ; shaft: nudum o/1o. Palpi slender; third segment short,
conical. Mid tibiae with a few spines. 3$ without secondary
sexual characters. Uncus very broad. The facies and the
form of genitalia separate the genus from its allies.
Single species. g¢ F 13 mm. Above, dark brown, head
with golden hairs: cilia dusky. Upf with faint small spots
formed of yellow scales in spaces 2-8 and an upper cell
spot. Unf paler brown, pale area mid space rb: discal
spots as on upf and in spaces g and to: zigzag yellow line
before termen, with an inward dash in each space from
space 2 to space 8. Unh purple, abdominal fold brown:
yellow spot before end cell and a curved discal row in
spaces 1c~7: as on unf, a submarginal zigzag line with
inward dashes, ending in a large spot in space Ic: sparse
yellow scaling on the abdominal fold. Palpi yellow and
brown.
gallio Mabille 1904: 3 Brazil: type B.M.
B.M. 6 3 3 2S. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Petropolis. Novo
Friborgo). :
III
J.16. METHION
J.16. METHION Godman 1goo: type melas Godman: sole
species included.
Antennae rather longer than half costa: shaft chequered,
yellow under club, which is + shaft: nudum 0/10. Palpi
slender: third segment short, stout. Hind tibiae, upper spurs
reduced: mid tibiae smooth. No secondary sexual characters.
Uncus undivided, tapered to a point: gnathos absent.
Single species. ¢ F 15 mm. Above, plain dark brown,
cilia concolorous. Unf dark brown, paler dorsally, costa
and apex dark ferruginous. Unh dark ferruginous, except
for the brown abdominal fold. Palpi yellow and brown.
melas Godman 1900: $ Guatemala: type B.M.: figured 3
and genitalia.
B.M. 1 2 Mexico (Orizaba). 6 $ 2 2 Guatemala.
J.17. THARGELLA Godman tgoo: type caura Plétz:
fixed by author as fuliginosa Godman, which is a synonym
of caura.
Antennae 5% costa: shaft plain, yellowish under club: club
+ shaft, slender: apiculus obtuse, nudum 2/10. Palpi slender,
hairy: third segment short, conical. Mid tibiae smooth.
Wings square: costa F highly arched and costa hardly longer
than dorsum. No secondary sexual characters, other than a
fringe uph along vein rb.
Single species. ¢ F 14 mm. Above, unmarked dark
brown: some yellow hairs on head. Palpi yellow and
brown.
caura. 2 sub-species.
(a). Unf chocolate, conspicuously paler along dorsum,
below vein 2. Unh chocolate, abdominal fold brown.
Sub-sp. caura Plétz 1882: Surinam. Fig Seitz: figs by
Hayward 1951 are of occulta.
Synonyms. /epte Mabille 1883: 2 Para: type B.M.
fuliginosa Godman 1900: 3 Nicaragua: type B.M.: figured,
venation and genitalia.
stpartiana Kaye 1924: 2 Trinidad.
B.M. 1 3 Nicaragua. 1 $ 1 9 Costa Rica. 2 2 Venezuela.
5 63 2 Trinidad. 5 ¢ 3 9 Br Guiana. 1 2 Fr Guiana.
112
J.18. VENAS
1 ¢ Bolivia (Santa Cruz). 7 3 3 2 Amazons (Nauta to
Para). 1 ¢ Bahia.
(b). 3 unf paler at apex and less paler along dorsum: unh
outwardly paler. 9 unf apex broadly violet scaled: unh
broadly violet scaled along termen, also from dorsum to
mid cell and vein 2.
Sub-sp. occulta Schaus 1902: ¢ Rio. Fig as caura by
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonym. wiolacea Hayward 1938: 3 Argentine: genitalia
figured.
Poteet 16 2 5. Brazil (Rio. Espirito Santo). 2° S$
Paraguay. ,
J.18. VENAS Evans (p. 86): type evans Butler: fixed by
author. ;
Antennae ;% costa: shaft plain, yellow under club, which
= shaft: nudum 0/11. Palpi slender: third segment short,
stout. Mid tibiae with a few spines. ¢ uph an inconspicuous
recumbent hair tuft along space 1b. Genitalia of 3 with a
peculiar forked aedoeagus.
The two species included fly together and have similar
genitalia. It is possible that they may prove to be seasonal
forms of one species.
| (2). ¢ F 16 mm. F produced: above, unmarked. Unf
apex and all unh purple, veins obscurely paler, yellowish.
Unf irregular small pale discal area in space 1b and faint
small pale spots in spaces 2—7 (absent in 2). Unh similar
small spots in spaces 1c-7. @ (type) small, F 13 mm.
Sides of palpi and cheeks ochreous.
evans Butler 1877: 2 Rio Trombetas, Amazons: type B.M.
B.M.1 ¢ Fr Guiana. 2 ¢ Peru(R. Maranon. Yahuas). 2 3
1 2 Amazons (Pebas. St Paulo d’Olivenca. R. ‘Trombetas).
2 (1). ¢ F 14 mm. F apex rounded: upf may have white,
sub-hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3, 6 and 7. Unf apex and
all unh shining blue with conspicuously pale veins. Unf
outer half of spaces 1a and 1b entirely clear white and
white discal spots in spaces 2-8. Unh spots in spaces
1c—7. 92 smaller and markings more or less reduced, but
always has pale spots in spaces 2 and 3 unf.
iat
J.19. PAMBA
caerulans Mabille 1878: 2 Para: type B.M.
Synonym. scheria Plotz 1884: 3 Para. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 3 6 2 2 Br Guiana. 1 $ Fr Guiana. 1 2 Ecuador.
3 ¢ Peru(R. Maranon. Iquitos. Chambireyacu). 8 3 4 2
Amazons (St Paulo d’Olivenca to Para).
J.19. PAMBA Evans (p. 86): type pamba nov: fixed by
author.
Antennae 84/14 costa: shaft minutely chequered, yellow
under club: club 4 shaft: apiculus obtuse, nudum 11. Palpi
slender, hairy: third segment short, conical. Mid tibiae
spined. 3 upf with a narrow, dark tripartite stigma from
under origin vein 3 to mid vein 1.
Single species. ¢ F 14 mm. Above, dark brown with
some sparse greenish-ochreous scaling: upf unmarked:
uph with a yellow subtornal area (2 mm. wide) from mid
space 1b to vein 2, greenish-ochreous hairs on dorsal half
of wing. Unf brown: sparse greenish-ochreous scaling
along costa and at apex: small shining silvery spots in
spaces 6-8: broadly (2 mm.) paler along termen to vein 2
and 3 from apex. Unh brown: pale yellow discal band
(2 mm. wide) from vein 1b to vein 6, running to termen
in space 1c and along it to tornus: irregular dark spots
before outer edge of band in spaces 2—5: sparse greenish-
ochreous scaling over wing, except on abdominal fold:
faint yellow spot before middle of space 6. Palpi yellowish-
brown.
pamba nov: ¢ Ecuador, Balzapamba, Bolivar: M. de
Mathan, April 1894.
B.M. 6 ¢ type loc.
J.20. SABINA Evans (p. 86): type sabina Plétz: fixed by
author.
General appearance, antennae, palpi and legs as in
Phanes. Differs in vein 2 F being much nearer to the base
than to vein 3: absence of the median veinlet to base of
vein 3: brands upf, which consist of 3 short, equal grey bars,
one above the other, over and under vein 2 and over vein I.
114
J.21. REPENS
Single species. ¢ F 15 mm. Upf hyaline white spots in
spaces 2 and 3: 2 alsoin spaces 1b and 6. Unf dark brown;
costa ochreous-brown, white streak at base: triangular
white area on termen: cilia black chequered: large white
discal area in space 1b. Unh white with sparse ochreous-
brown shading, becoming denser along costa: conspicuous
ochreous-brown double spot about base of space 2,
_ extending into spaces ic and 3: cilia white.
sabina Plotz 1883: 3 Brazil. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. nux Schaus 1902: 9 Novo Friborgo.
B.M. 2 3 3 2S: Brazil (Sao Paulo).
J.21. REPENS Evans (p. 86): type vepens nov: fixed by
author.
Antennae, palpi, legs as Phanes. Differs in the absence of
the median veinlet to base of vein 3 and in the form of the
brands in the ¢ upf, which consist of a long brand from
below the origin of vein 3 to above the origin of vein 2,
where it is sagittate, and a long brand under vein 2. ¢
F 14 mm.
| (2). 3 F vein 2 arising much nearer to the base than to
the origin of vein 3. Above, unmarked dark brown, except
for a small hyaline white streak in space 2 F and a dot in
space 3. Below, brown. Unh with a faint purple wash
and very sparse ochreous scaling, forming small discal
spots in spaces 2-6 and at end cell. Antennae yellow under
base club. Palpi ochreous and brown. Resembles species
in the genera Styrioides and Enosis.
repens nov: ¢ Santa Catharina: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 Santa Catharina. 2 $ Paraguay.
2 (1). 3 F vein 2 arising nearer to vein 3 than to the base.
Above and below, unmarked dark brown: cilia sordid
grey. Unf obscure ochreous scaling and very faint whitish
spots in spaces 3 and 6. Unh with obscure ochreous scaling.
Antennae chequered white and whitish under club. Palpi
grey and brown.
repta nov: ¢ Guadalajara, Mexico, Schaus: Sept 1896: type
B.M. |
B.M. 2 3 1 § type'loc.
115
j.22, LUCIDA
J.22. LUCIDA Evans (p. 86): type /ucia Capronnier:
fixed by author.
Antennae long, 8/12 costa: shaft faintly chequeréd, white
under club: club, obtuse, nudum o/11. Palpi slender, third
segment short, conical. Mid tibiae with a few long spines.
Wing not produced. Resembles Phanes but above plain or
with faint pale spots and uncus broad-ended. ¢ upf generally
with an angular brand over origin of vein 2.
| (2a). Unf costa not ferruginous. ¢ F 13 mm.
lucia. 4 sub-species.
(a). Upf 3 no brand. Unh overlaid grey scaling, discal
and submarginal bands violet-grey. Unf subapical and
apical white-scaled areas coalesced: no submarginal violet
spot in space 3.
Sub-sp. oebasus Godman 1900: ¢ Costa Rica: type B.M.:
figured.
B.M. 2 3 2 9 Costa Rica. 15 3 6 2 Ecuador (Balzapamba.
Chimbo. R. Pastaza).
(b). Upf 3 small brand. Unh basal half overlaid grey
scaling obscuring the markings: broad, dark-edged, discal
band with ferruginous scaling and the submarginal band
more or less ferruginous. Unf at apex with ferruginous
scaling between the violet-white apical and subapical
spots: no violet submarginal spot in space 3.
Sub-sp. scopas Mabille 1891: $ Merida: MS fig of type in
B.M.
Synonym. melitaea Draudt 1924: Colombia: figured.
B.M. 4 3 4 2 Colombia (Mt Tolima). 1 3¢ Venezuela.
(c). Unh like oebasus. Upf small brand, as scopas.
Sub-sp. leopardus Weeks 1go1: Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1906.
B.M. 7 3 Peru (R. Tabaconas. Amazonas. Marcapata.
Uruhasi). 2 g 1 2 Bolivia (Yungas and La Paz).
(d). gj upf comparatively large brand. Upf faint pale spots
in spaces 1b—8. Unf dark brown: whitish patch mid costa
and yellowish dashes above ends of veins 8, 9 and Io:
conjoined violet-white subapical spots in spaces 6-9 and
at apex in spaces 6 and 7: area between these spots ferru-
ginous to space 4, darkening outwardly: violet-white spot
before termen in space 3: faint pale discal spots in spaces
116
J.22 LUCIDA
2-5. Unh very variegated dark brown with irregular
broken basal, central and discal violet bands, sparsely
strewn with black scales: yellowish-brown large spot at
base of spaces 4 and 5 between the central and discal
violet bands.
Sub-sp. lucia Capronnier 1874: g Theresopolis: figured.
Fig Seitz: Hayward 1951 ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 2 Matto Grosso. 15 ¢ 13 2S. Brazil (Sao Paulo.
Parana. Rio. Novo Friborgo. Theresopolis. Rio Grande.
Petropolis). ;
2a (1). Unf costa ferruginous. ¢ upf with brand.
2 (3a). Unf with a white-scaled area mid costa. ¢ F
13 mm. Above, unmarked. Unf white dashes at ends of
veins 8-11: narrow oblique white bar from before end of
vein 10 to vein 6: white-scaled area below apex along
termen to mid space 4, where it is broadest. Unh dark
ferruginous, except for brown abdominal fold: double
light ferruginous spot base costa and a similar spot mid
space 7: grey scaling at base of space 1c and adjoining half
of cell, running through to space 1a: broad discal and
submarginal bands, meeting on vein 6. Cilia whitish at
tornus F, apex and tornus H.
ranesus Schaus 1902: Parana. Fig of genitalia by Bell 1930.
B.M. 1 3“ Mexico”’.14 7258. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Parana).
3a (2). Unf no white-scaled area mid costa.
3 (4a). Unf white dashes at ends of veins 8-11. ¢ F
14. mm.: very like ranesus. Unf the oblique bar from before
end of vein 10 is reduced to a double spot in space 9g:
portion of white area against termen below apex in spaces
4 and 5 is separated from termen by its own width. Unh
no light ferruginous spots base costa or mid space 7: the
broad discal and submarginal bands as in ranesus, but
there is a third inner narrow band round a yellowish spot
beyond end cell, the lower part of which band in spaces
Ic-3 1s grey scaled and the upper part in spaces 5-7 is
dark brown.
rogan nov: ¢ Sao Paulo, Alto de Sierra: April 1925: R.
Spitz: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
Tk
J.23. PHANES
4a (3). Unf no white dashes at ends of veins 8-11.
4(5). Unf with 1-3 increasing violet-grey sub-apical spots
in spaces 6-8: sparse grey scaling along termen below
apex to vein 3 or 2: dark spots along termen and 1 mm.
inwards another row of dark spots to vein 3 or 4. Unh
discal and submarginal grey scaled bands as in ranesus,
bordered at termen by a row of black spots: on the ferru-
ginous inner part of wing, a grey-scaled area before end
cell, extending through base of space 2 across space Ic:
a pale area base space 7 and a large quadrate similar area
beyond end cell in spaces 6 and 7. ¢ F 15 mm. Upf faint
spots.
chine Bell 1930: g¢ Santa Catharina: genitalia figured.
B.M. 34425. Brazil (Caraca. Parana. Santa Catharina).
5 (4). Unf no apical spots: violet scaling below apex along
~ termen, bordered inwardly and outwardly by dark spots.
Unh ferruginous: irregular paler area at base: broad pale
ferruginous discal band space Ic to space 7, violet at lower
end, outwardly bordered by 2 irregular ferruginous lines,
beyond which to termen there is a violet band. Upf faint
traces of spots in spaces 2, 3, 6-8. ¢ F 18 mm.
bocus Bell 1947: 3 Itatiaya Mts, Rio: genialia figured.
B.M. 1 3 Rio.
J.23. PHANES Godman 1go1: type aletes Geyer: fixed by
author as justinianus Latreille, which species was considered
wrongly to be synonymous with aletes, whereon the descrip-
tion of the genus was based.
Synonyms. Phanis Godman 1901, found to be a homonym
by Fairmaire 1893 and replaced by Phanes.
Tarmia Lindsey 1925: type monastica Lindsey fixed by
author.
Antennae > 4 costa: club + shaft: nudum o/11. Palpi
slender, third segment short, stout, conical. Mid tibiae
spined. F with a well-developed median veinlet from mid
cell to origin vein 3: the “‘recurrent vein”’ of Lindsey 1925.
¢ upf with a small sagittate brand over origin vein 2.
la (7). Upf with hyaline spots in spaces 2 and 3.
tb (3a). Unh with a central yellow area.
1 (2). Unh veins not yellowish. Upf hyaline white spots
118 |
J.23. PHANES
in spaces 2 and 3 and irregular in 6-7 or 8: an opaque
yellow spot over mid vein 1. Uph often traces of elongate
yellow spots in spaces 3, 4 and 5. Unf dark brown: spots
as upf, but there is an upper and a lower spot in space 1b:
costa and apex violet-blue, divided centrally by a macular
dark band. Unh mostly violet-blue except for the brown
abdominal fold: central yellow area, just beyond end cell,
outwardly edged by an irregular dark line from space 1c
to space 7, beyond which there is a broad macular violet-
blue band, separated from the violet-blue border by a
narrow dark macular band: usually there is a conspicuous
round dark spot at upper end of cell.
aletes Geyer 1832: ¢ Brazil: figured. Fig as justimanus by
Godman & Salvin and Seitz: figs by Hayward 1951
= almoda.
B.M. 9 ¢.2 2 Mexico. 1 $ Honduras. 1 g 2 9 Nicaragua.
2a @ 2u@osta Rica. 1 ¢ Panama, 1/3 Colombia: 2 ¢
Wenezuclia, 19 4 Urinidad; 3 3 Br Guiana 1 ¢ Fr
Guiana. 11 3 6 2 Ecuador (Paramba). 4 ¢ Peru (Tara-
pote. Le Merced. Chambireyacu). 12 3 4 2 Amazons
(Ucayali—Para). 2 $ Pernambuco. 1 ¢ 2 2 Bahia. 6 ¢
Minas Geraes. 7 3 4 2 5. Brazil (Rio. Novo Friborgo).
rt 2 “St Domingo” (ex coll Adams).
2 (1). Unh veins yellowish. Above, as aletes: also unf except
that the dark band in the middle of the violet apex is
divided into elongate spots by yellow veins. Unh a dark
spot across cell, inward from which runs a violet-blue
streak to base cell and outward there is a yellow area at
bases of spaces 4 and 5: a discal band from space Ic to
space 7 of elongate violet-blue spots followed by a narrow
band of dark spots and then triangular violet-blue spots
along the terminal dark line: a more or less continuous
violet-blue streak along the middle of space 7 from base
to termen.
almoda Hewitson 1866: 2 ? loc. Fig Hewitson 1871: Seitz:
as aletes by Hayward 1951.
Pvt, 165 12 Erinidad. 2 ¢ 1 2 Br Guiana. 2 ¢ 1 9
Peru (La Merced. Chaquimayo). 1 2? Amazons (Tapajos).
4 5 Minas Geraes. 3 3 4 2 5S. Brazil (Rio. Sao Paulo).
119
J.23. PHANES
3a (1b). Unh no central yellow area.
3b (5a). F with apical spots.
3 (4). Unh costal +-? white or violet-white. Above, as
aletes. Unf with more or less violet-white scaling along
the costa and apex, sometimes enclosing dark spots before
some whitish scaling below apex: may be no spot in
space 1b. Unh varies between a dark (typical) form with
the basal half violet-white and the outer half dark brown
beyond a conspicuous black spot at end of cell: to a pale
form with most of the wing white, a black dot at end of
cell, a broad discal white band, edged on both sides by
dark spots, beyond which the area to the terminal dark
line is shaded brown.
abaris Mabille 1891: ¢ Porto Cabello: MS figure by Mabille
in B.M.
Synonym. farinosa Draudt 1924: Colombia: figured.
B.M. 2 3 3 2 Colombia. 5 ¢ 2 2 Venezuela. 4 3 9 9
Ecuador (Rio Upano. Chimbo. Balzapamba).
4 (3). Unh uniform brown with violet-blue markings and
dark spots. Above, as aletes. Unf violet along costa and
at apex beyond the hyaline spots to the termen, crossed
centrally by dark spots. Unh brown with irregular basal,
discal and submarginal violet bands, black edged and with
black spots between the bands, comprising a large black
spot before end of cell, a spot near base of space 7 and a
discal row from space Ic to space 7.
rezia Plotz 1883: Brazil: copy of Plotz’s MS fig 466 in B.M.
Fig in Seitz is of Artines trogon.
Synonym. metanira Mabille 1891: $ Brazil.
B.M. 4 ¢ 49S. Brazil (Rio. Parana. Espirito Santo.
Petropolis). 1 ¢ Paraguay.
5a (3b). F no apical spots.
5 (6). Unh ferruginous with a discal row of fulvous scaled
spots, which may be absent. ¢ F 14 mm.
hoffmanni Bell 1940: $ Santa Catharina: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
6 (5). Unh brown with a purple wash, unmarked: apex unf
similar. 3 F 16 mm. }
120
J.24. VIDIUS
espa nov: ¢ Corcovado: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
7 (1a). Above, unmarked, grey-brown with a brassy lustre.
Below, grey-brown. Unf apex tawny scaled, 2 black apical
dots, lower with some blue scales. Unh tawny, 4 pale blue
discal spots, at the outer end of each a black dot.
monastica Lindsey 1925: ¢ Peru, Huacapistana, Rio
- ‘Tarma: figured ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. None.
J.24. VIDIUS Evans (p. 87): widius Mabille: fixed by
author.
A somewhat miscellaneous assemblage of species differing
structurally from Cymaenes in having the antennae < $ costa
F: nudum 2/8-3/8: club 3 shaft.
la (7a). F no hyaline spots.
tb (3a). Unh uniform, markings absent or faint.
1 (2). Below, chocolate: very faint discal spots of yellowish
scales in spaces 2, 3, 6-8 F and 2-6 H. Tip of cuiller
rounded. ¢ F 11 mm. Antennal club white below, and
shaft white chequered, as in all species of genus.
fido nov: $ Castro, Parana: E. D. Jones: 950 metres,
Feb 1913: type B.M.
B.M. 3 3 Parana.
2 (1). Below, ochreous-brown: unmarked. Above, shining
silky brown. Tip of cuiller sharply pointed. 3 F 13 mm.
nappa nov: ¢ Castro, Parana: E. D. Jones: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
3a (1b). Unh spotted or variegated.
3b (5a). Unh with black spots.
3 (4). Upf unmarked brown. g¢ F 12 mm. Below, rather
pale ochreous-brown. Unf a small black spot near termen
in space 3, whence spring two divergent rows of small
black spots to space 7. Unh numerous black spots, some
faint or missing: double spot mid cell and a spot below it
in space Ic: curved row of dots beyond end cell, followed
by a discal row, whereof those in spaces 2 and 3 are larger
120
J.24. VIDIUS
and that in space 6 larger still: submarginal lunular row
in spaces 2-6.
mictra nov: ¢ Castro, Parana: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 3 2 Parana.
4 (3). Upf faint continuous row of small yellowish discal
spots in spaces 2-7. ¢ F 14 mm. Below, paler brown,
may be yellowish-brown. Unf with discal spots as on unf,
outwardly edged by more or less conspicuous black spots.
Unh a similar discal band as on unf and a black edged pale
spot before end cell: very variable, the black spots may be
large or vestigial.
anna Mabille 1897: ¢ Bolivia: type B.M.
Synonyms. errator Weeks igor: Bolivia. Fig Weeks
1906: Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
puptllatus Mabille 1904: $ S. America: type B.M. Fig
Seitz.
arcas Draudt 1925: Bolivia: figured.
larsenit Jorgensen 1935: 3 Paraguay: figured.
B.M. 3 ¢ Venezuela. 8 ¢ Bolivia.
5a (3b). Unh variegated: no black spots.
5 (6). Unh a broad central dark brown band from mid
vein 1b to vein 6 beyond end cell, where it forks, a branch
to apex and a branch to mid costa: base cell dark brown
and rest of wing violet-grey. Upf dark brown with very
faint pale discal spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 6-8. Unf as upf,
but also a faint pale upper cell spot and a broad violet-grey
band along termen from apex to space 2. g F 11 mm.
vidius Mabille 1891: 3 Brazil, Rio Grande: type B.M.
B.M. 2 31 2 Parana. 1 2 Sao Paulo. 2 ¢ 1 9 Rio Grande.
1 ¢ Paraguay.
6(5). Unh ferruginous with pale veins and a whitish streak
from upper part mid cell under vein 6 to termen: veins
pale: abdominal fold dark brown. Above, shining brown,
unmarked, cilia grey. Unf dark brown, costa and apex
ferruginous, veins pale. ¢ F. 15 mm.
perigenes Godman 1goo: $ Mexico: type B.M.: figured, 3
and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 2 3 Mexico. 1 $ Colombia.
122
J.24. VIDIUS
7a (1a). Upf with hyaline white spots.
7b (ga). Unh with sharply marked white discal spots.
7 (8). Cilia conspicuously chequered. $ F 12 mm. Upf
dark brown, small white hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3, 6-8
and upper part of cell. Below, dark brown, rather sparse
grey scaling at-apex F and on H: dark line along termen
before the chequered cilia. Unf faint double whitish spot
in space 1b. Unh white spots, before end cell, discal in
spaces Ib (shifted in), 2, 3, 4 (shifted in), 5, 6, mid and
base 7.
tinta a ies 3 Goyaz, Leop—Bulhoes; R. Spitz: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
8 (7). Cilia not chequered. ¢ F 12 mm. Upf small spots in
' spaces 2,-3, 6, 7 and upper cell. Below, paler brown,
darker on dorsal half F: black terminal line, broken at each.
vein and enlarged into a spot in spaces 4-5 H: small discal
white spots H in spaces 1c—6, irregular as in tinta.
nostra nov: 3 Santarem: Bates: type B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ Santarem. 1 ¢ Para.
9a (7b). Unh with a few central dark spots.
g (10). Below, apex and costa F and all H violet-grey:
2 rows of small dark spots unh, inner row beyond end cell
in spaces Ic, 4-5, 7 and discal row in spaces 2, 3 and 6.
3 F 12 mm. Upf small white spots in spaces 2, 3, 6-8,
2 in cell. Unf dorsum rather paler, unmarked. Identifica-
tion uncertain.
tesera Schaus 1902: ¢ Rio. Fig by Hayward 1934 = Monca
ornata and by Hayward 1951 = Monca branca.
B.M. 1 3 Matto Grosso.
10 (9g). Below, apex and costa F and all H pale yellowish-
brown, mottled: dark spots unh as in fesera but none at
end cell in spaces 4-5. ¢ F 14 mm. Upf rather large
hyaline spots in spaces 2 and 3, small 6-8: opaque spot in
space Ib. Unf large yellowish-white discal area in space
tb: faint double spot in spaces 4—5, mid discal spots and
termen.
laska nov: $ Chapada, Matto Grosso: H. H. Smith: type
B.M 6 |
B.M. Only the type.
A.H.—9 123
J.25. MONCA
J.25. MONCA Evans (p. 87): type telata Herrich-
Schaffer: fixed by author.
Antennae half costa: club } shaft: nudum 2/8. Palpi and
venation as C’ymaenes. No secondary sexual characters.
Facies characterised by the presence on F of an apical spot
in space g and a spot mid-costa 1n space 10: and on unh by
a broad central and discal pale area.
la (3a). Cuiller tip pointed.
1 (2). Cuiller with a pointed nose on the dorsal side.
telata. 3 sub-species.
(a). Cuiller slender, tip longer than nose. g¢ F 11 mm.
Upf spots white, small and few, generally only dots in
spaces 2, 3, 7 and 8. Unf costa ferruginous: upper half
termen lilac: small white spots in spaces 2, 3, 7, 8 and g
at apex, 10 and 11 mid costa. Unh ferruginous: central,
discal and submarginal bands lilac and lilac in space fa.
Sub-sp. tyrtaeus Plotz 1883: “‘Laguayra’’: copy of MS fig
in B.M. Fig Godman & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia as telata:
Seitz as telata: Bell 1941, genitalia: Hayward 1951, 3
= penda, genitalia = tyrtaeus.
B.M. 6 3 5 9 Mexico. 1 § Guatemala. 1 3 1 9 Honduras.
1 g 1 @ Ruatan Is. 1 g Costa Rica. 1 § Panama. 1 ¢
Colombia.
(b). Cuiller triangular, broad, nose = tip. ¢ F 10 mm.
Upf spots yellow, conspicuous, in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9,
1o, and 11 over an upper cell spot. Unh as tyrtaeus
but central band paler.
Sub-sp. telata Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Figs by God-
man & Salvin and Seitz are of tyrtaeus: genitalia fig by
Bell 1941.
Synonyms. apellus Plétz 1883: specimen in B.M. from
Venezuela: may be Herrich-Schaffer’s type.
elides Weeks 1909: Venezuela. Fig Weeks 1911. }
B.M. 4 ¢ Colombia (L. Sapatoza). 17 $ 9 2 Venezuela.
3 6 Trinidad. 1 $2 9 Tobago. 1 9 Br Guiana. 1 2 Santarem.
(c). Cuiller as telata, broader, nose > tip. ¢ F 12 mm.
Like tyrtaeus but upf only marked with the apical spots in
spaces 7-9. Below, as tyrtaeus: unf with whitish spots in
spaces 7—9 at apex, and 10-11 mid costa.
124
J.26. NASTRA
Sub-sp. penda nov: ¢ Pena, Branca, Brazil: H. H. Smith:
type B.M.
Bil. (1: g13)9' type loc:
2 (1). Cuiller without a pointed nose. § F 12 mm. Exactly
like penda but upf and unf with small white spots in
spaces 2 and 3. Unf faint upper cell spot.
_ branca nov: ¢ Pena Branca, Brazil: H. H. Smith: type B.M.
Fig Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia, as tesera Schaus.
B.M. 2 3 1 § type loc. 1 g Matto Grosso (Chapada). 1 3
Argentine.
3a (1a). Cuiller tip rounded.
3 (4). Upf with conspicuous spots, more numerous than
in telata; in spaces 1b, 2, 3 and 6-9 apical, 10 over 2 cell
spots. Below, generally as telata. § F 13 mm.
ornata Hayward 1940: 3 Argentine: genitalia figured. Fig
Hayward 1934 as tesera: 1951, 3 and genitalid.
B.M. 11 g 7 ¢ Argentine (La Rioja. ‘Tucuman).
4 (3). Upf plain or with few small white spots, up to dots in
spaces 3 and 6-9 and an upper cell spot. Below, almost
plain brown, but unf costa obscurely dull ferruginous and
unh the broad central and discal paler areas are faintly
indicated. Unf spotting as upf, generally the spot in space
IO is present. Antennae conspicuously white chequered
and basal half of club is white. ¢ F 13 mm.
jera Godman 1goo: ¢ Mexico type B.M.: ¢ and genitalia
figured, but the figure of the ¢ is faulty in showing spots in
spaces 4 and 5 and not in space 10. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 7 3 4 2 Mexico (Guerrero).
J.26. NASTRA Evans (p. 87): type l’herminieri Latreille:
fixed by author.
Differs from Cyan in having a longer club to the an-
tennae = #4 instead of ¢ of the shaft. Markings on upf and
unh generally insignificant or absent.
la (ga). Cheeks against first segment of palpi white.
tb (6a). Upf discal spots faint or absent.
1c (5). Unh without discal spots.
1 (2a). Unf without discal spots: may be present upf.
125
J.26. NASTRA
Below, apex and costa F and all unh yellowish-brown,
with paler veins. 3 F 12 mm.
’herminieri Latreille 1824: Carolina. Fig Holland: Klots:
genitalia by Lindsey, Bell & Williams.
Synonym. fusca Grote & Robinson 1867: 3 Georgia.
B.M. 7342. New ep h Let 2 Mes York. 2443
Washington. 1 ¢ 3 9 Georgia. 1 ¢ Ohio. 1 g¢ Alabama.
2 5 13 2 Florida.
2a (1). Unf with more or less well-marked discal spots: faint
discal and apical spots upf.
2b (4). Below, as in /’herminiert, with super-scaling.
2 (3). End of cuiller of clasp broad, only slightly excavate.
dé F 135 mm.
julia Freeman 1944: $ Texas, Pharr: genitalia figured. Fig
Klots.
B.M. None.
3 (2). End of cuiller deeply excavate. ¢ F 13 mm.
neamathla Skinner & Williams 1923: ¢ Florida: genitalia
figured. Fig Holland: Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, ete.
B.M. 1 ¢ New York. 1 3 Texas. 2g 1 9 “N. Aiierees
1 3 Mexico. 1 2 Honduras. 1 ¢$ Costa Rica.
4 (2b). Beagy yellowish-brown, without superscaling. 3
i
chao Mabille 1897: 3 Bolivia: type B.M.
Synonyms. serenus Weeks 1901: Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1906.
? huascari Lindsey 1925: 3 Peru: genitalia figured.
B.M. 6 3 Peru (R. Tabaconas. Le Merced. San Ramon.
Clue a) 9 3 Bolivia (R. dase R. Suapi.
Yungas, La Paz). 1 9 Amazons. 1 $1 9S. Brazil. (Rio.
Pena Branca). 1 3 1 2 Paraguay.
5 (ic). Unh with at least traces of white scaled discal spots
in spaces 2-6: ground colour brown. Genitalia very like -
neamathla, of which it may be a sub-species. ¢,F 13 mm.
guianae Lindsey 1925: ¢ Br Guiana: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 3 1 2 Colombia (R. Magdalena). 1 ¢ 1 2 Br
Guiana. 5 ¢ Upper Amazons (Itaituba—Obydos).
6a (1b). Upf discal spots conspicuous.
6 (7a). Upf no cell spot: discal spots tawny, large in
126
J.26. NASTRA
spaces 2 and 3, faint at apex. Above, with tawny clothing
forming faint discal spots uph. ¢ F 13 mm.
leucone. 2 sub-species.
(a). Below, ochreous at apex and costa F and on all H.
oF 22-mima:
Sub-sp. leucone Godman goo: 3 Guatemala: type
B.M.: figured ¢ and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. t-3¢ Mexico. 7 5 2 2 Guatemala. 1 $ Costa Rica.
(b). Below, browner, veins paler, yellow. Above darker:
upf also spot in space 1b. ¢ F 14 mm.
‘Sub-sp. leuconoides Lindsey 1925: ¢ Putumayo: genitalia
figured.
B.M.1 ¢ W. Ecuador.
7a (6). Upf with a cell spot.
7 (8). Upf spots yellow in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 6, and 7 and
upper cell. Uph yellow spots in spaces 2-6. Below, apex
and costa F and all H brownish-ochreous: no spot in
space 1b F and discal spots H vestigial. Cilia grey. ¢
fF 12) mm:
ethologus Hayward 1934: ¢ Argentine: figured. Fig
Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 ¢ Brazil (Corumba). 1 3 Argentine.
8 (7). Upf white spots in spaces 2, 3, 6-8 and 2 in cell.
Unf grey scaling along apex and costa, spots as upf. Unh
grey scaled, faint grey spots in’spaces 2—7 and in cell.
¢ F 12 mm.
tanta nov: ¢ Chapada, Matto Grosso: H. H. Smith: type
B.M
B.M. Only the type.
9a (1a). Cheeks dark brown.
gb (11). Unh no central white area.
g (10). Unh dark ferruginous, also apex and costa unf.
Unmarked. Dark brown like Mnasitheus. $ F 12 mm.
insignis Plétz 1882: Laguayra. Fig as simplicissima by
Godman & Salvin, $ and genitalia: Seitz: Hayward 1951,
3 and genitalia.
Synonym. mgritulus Mabille 1883: 2 Panama.
me 49 3 6) 2 Mexico 7s 4.2 Hondurasy: (9 oi 242
127
J.27. CYMAENES
Nicaragua. 4 5 2 2 Costa Rica. 5 ¢ 1 2 Panama. 3 3
3 2 Colombia. 11 3 7 2 Venezuela. 39 S$ 34 2 Trinidad.
5 622 Tobago. 14 37 2 Br Guiana. 1 3 2 2 Fr Guiana.
11 g 12 9 Ecuador. 1 2 Bolivia. 7 3 4 2 Amazons (Teffe
to Para). 2 § Maranham. 1 g 1 2 Pernambuco. 1 ¢
Minas Geraes. 3 ¢ 2 2 Matto Grosso. 2 $7 2 S. Brazil
(Rio. Sao Paulo. Santa Catharina).
10 (9). Unh variegated: ferruginous, abdominal fold brown;
small, often faint, whitish discal spots’ in spaces 1c~7,
beyond which to termen wing 1s violet-grey. 3 F 13 mm.
Above, dark brown, unmarked but there may be 3 faint
white apical spots. Unf costa ferruginous: along termen
from apex to vein 3 violet-grey: tornally paler.
lurida Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. carinna Schaus 1902: ¢$ Parana: co-type B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ Minas Geraes. 22 § 17 9 S. Brazil (Page
Sao Paulo. Petropolis. Santa Catharina. Rio Grande.
Novo Friborgo. Caraca). |
Il (gb). Unh large central white area with a small dark spot
at end cell and in 2 followed by small white discal spots:
dark outer area purple glossed. ¢ F 12 mm. Above, un-
marked brown. Unf dark brown: costa scaled ochreous:
apex purple glossed: small yellowish-white spots, 3 in
spaces 6 and 7, 2 also in spaces 2, 3 and upper cell:
yellowish-white at extreme apex in space 7. ‘Types
examined at B.M.
dryas Hayward 1940: 3 Argentine: genitalia figured. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. None.
J.27. CYMAENES Scudder 1872: type tripunctus Herrich-
Schaffer: fixed by author.
Synonym. Megistias Godman 1goo: type tripunctata Lat-
reille: fixed by author.
Antennae rather > 3 costa: club } shaft: nudum 3/8.
Palpi slender: third segment short, conical, protruding. Mid
tibiae with a few spines. No secondary sexual characters.
Genitalia, seen ventrally uncus and gnathos deeply divided:
from side, separation of uncus and gnathos shallow or deep:
cuiller of clasp like a bird’s head, with a beak.
128
J.27. CYMAENES
la (18a). Unf without markings in spaces 4 and 5.
tb (14a). F cell spot faint or absent.
1c (12a). Unh markings not consisting of small, sharply
defined white spots.
1d (11). Back of cuiller not excavate (vide diagram).
te (3a). End of cuiller broadened, excavate and doubly
spined.
1 (2). Unh dark ochreous-brown, rather faint white discal
spots in spaces 2-6.
tripunctus. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 14 mm. Upf generally white spots in spaces 3
and 6 in ¢ and 2, 3 and 6-8 in 2: may be an upper cell
spot and spot in space 1b.
Sub-sp. tripunctus Herrich-Schaffer 1865: ¢ Cuba. Fig
Seitz: Lindsey, etc., 1931, genitalia: Hayward 1951, ¢ and
genitalia.
Synonyms. jamaca Schaus 1902: Jamaica.
sinepunctis Avinoft & Shoumatoff 1946: 3 Jamaica.
Beier s 19 2-Cuba. 22:4 26°92 Jamaica:9\¢ 12 2
Haiti. 8 ¢ 4 9 Cayman Is.
(b). ¢ F 15 mm. Paler, markings more developed. Very
variable: some @ from Para have the unh with a faint
purple wash and white veins.
Sub-sp. theogenis Capronnier 1874: ¢ Botafago, Brazil:
type B.M.: figured. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. ancus Moschler 1878: $ Colombia.
sulla Méschler 1878: $ Colombia. Fig Seitz.
conta Plotz 1886: Minas Geraes: MS fig in B.M.
astur Mabille 1891: 3 Coary.
polistion Schaus 1902: Petropolis.
fone ts Idaho, 1 33°29 Colorado: 2 2 Mexico; 1 2
Honduras. 1 ¢ Nicaragua. 1 ¢ 2 9 Panama. 11 ¢ 9 9
Sdlombia. 7 5°3 9 Venezuela. 7 ¢ 12 9 Trinidad. 4 ¢
me Pobago. 6 6 5 9 Br Guiana. 1 ¢ Surinam. 4 6:5 2
Fr Guiana. 11 6 12 9 Lower Amazons. 1 ¢ 2 9 Ceara.
3 6 Maranham. 2 ¢ 2 ¢ Pernambuco. 2:'¢ 1 2 Bahia.
1 § Minas Geraes. 1 $ Matto Grosso. 22 g 11 2S. Brazil.
I $6 1 & Paraguay.
2 (1). Unh with broad continuous row of pale spots from
129
J.27. CYMAENES
space Ic to space 7, broadly dark edged on both sides,
and a spot before end cell. ¢ F 16 mm. Upf generally
conspicuous white spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3 and 6-8 and
may be a cell dot.
lepta Hayward 1938: ¢ Argentine. Fig Hayward 1951, 3
and genitalia.
B.M. 3 ¢ Argentine.
3a (ie). End of cuiller not broadened, singly serrate.
3b (ga). Unh no conspicuous, inwardly detached, marking
in space 7.
3c (5a). Unh with conspicuous black central spots or a
white stripe through cell.
3 (4). Upf no pale spot in space rb.
tripunctata. 3 considerably different sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 14 mm. Above, generally plain brown, but on
upf there may be obscure small pale spots in spaces 2, 3
and 6-8, occasionally in spaces 4 and 5 also, forming a
continuous line. Unf dark brown with more or less
developed grey scaling along costa and at apex: pale spots
more frequent in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8. Unh brown with
grey scaling, broad grey discal band from space Ic to
space 6 or 7, inwardly flanked by black spots which vary
considerably in size: generally the spot in space 4 is large
and against end cell.
Sub-sp. alumna Butler 1877: 2 Amazons: type B.M. Fig
Godman & Salvin, 3g and genitalia as tripunctatus.
Synonyms. obsoleta Moschler 1878: g¢ Colombia.
obsoletus Mabille 1883: 5. America.
sacchariphila Dyar 1917: Br Guiana.
argus Draudt 1924: Colombia: figured.
B.M. 20 ¢ 4 2 Mexico. 1 9 Costa Rica. 1 9 Panama. 4 3
Colombia. 7 3 5 2 Gorgona Is, Colombia (intermediate
to macintyrel). 13 3 12 9 Venezuela. 10 3 1 2 Br Guiana.
2612 Surinam. 2 ¢ 1 2 Ecuador (Loja). 10 3 7 9 Peru
(Chanchamayo. Yahuarmayo. Inambari. R. Maranon).
10 $42 Bolivia (Mapiri. Santa Cruz. Yungas—La Paz). 21 3
15 2 Amazons (St Paulo d’Olivenca—Para). 1 ¢ Maranham.
1 9 Pernambuco. 4 $ Matto Grosso.
(b). ¢ F 14 mm. Upf unmarked, brown. Unf dark
130
J.27. CYMAENES
brown, costa and apex paler, with yellowish veins, no
spots. Unh brown with whitish veins and a broad white
streak from base cell to mid space 4-5, also white discal
spots in spaces 2 and 3: sparse white scaling in spaces Ia
and: 1c.
Sub-sp. macintyrei Hayward 1939: ¢ Ecuador: fig of
genitalia.
B.M. 34 3 22 ¢ Ecuador (Paramba. Cachabe. La Chimba).
(c). ¢ F 14mm. Upf generally with hyaline white spots
in spaces 2, 3 and 6, but may be all absent. Below, apex
and costa F and all H ochreous-brown. Unh generally large
dark spots in space 2 and against cell in space 4, smaller
spot in space 3: faint whitish discal spots beyond in spaces
2
Sub-sp. tripunctata Latreille 1824: 3 Brazil: type B.M.
Fig Seitz: Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia: fig by Godman
& Salvin = alumna.
Synonyms. gispara Schaus 1902: 3 Petropolis.
gisparoides Hayward 1934: ¢ Argentine. Fig Hayward
1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 13 6825S. Brazil (Rio. Parana. Petropolis. Novo
Friborgo). 2 3 1 2 Argentine.
4 (3). Upf with a pale spot in space 1b: spots larger and
ochreous clothing more conspicuous. Unf apex lilac-grey
with a central blackish area: spots in space 1b faint or
absent. Unh shining lilac-grey, costa and veins ochreous:
central dark spots beyond end cell larger and more con-
spicuous and the discal white spots sharply defined.
Cuiller longer, straighter. ¢ F 14 mm.
idria nov: 3 Paraguay: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Pernambuco. 1 ¢ Pena Branca. 1 3$ Paraguay.
5a (3c). Unh without conspicuous black central spots nor a
white stripe through cell.
5 (6a). Back of cuiller right angled. ¢ F 16 mm. Upf
spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3 and 6-8 dull, faint. Unf spots
better marked and whitish double spot in space 1b. Unh
pale brown; broad paler discal band space tc to space 6,
inwardly dark edged.
cavalla nov: 3 Peru, Amazones, Cavallo Cocho: type B.M.
3
J.27. CYMAENES
B.M. 1 3 Bolivia (Santa Cruz). 4 ¢ Upper Amazons (Pebas
to Obidos). 1 ¢ Parana.
6a (5). Back of cuiller not right angled.
6 (7a). End of cuiller broadly elongate. g¢ F 17 mm.
laureolus. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf unmarked except for sometimes faint apical spots.
Below, chocolate: unf faint discal and apical spots. Unh
with a rather paler faint broad discal band.
Sub-sp. laureolus Schaus 1913: ¢ Costa Rica: figured.
B.M. 1 ¢ 1 9 Panama. 1 g Ecuador (Cachabe).
(b). Upf with whitish spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8. Unh
paler, broad pale discal band from space Ic to space 6.
Unf with a conspicuous double, elongate spot in space rb.
Sub-sp. loxa nov: ¢ Para: A. M. Moss: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Bolivia (Santa Cruz). 1 ¢ Santarem. g 3 5 Q
Para.
7a (6). End of cuiller not elongate.
7 (8). End of cuiller broadly quadrate. 3F 14mm. Like
Fait Upf with faint discal and apical spots. Below,
costa and apex F and all H ochreous-brown: unf spots as
on upf: unh faint broad discal band, inwardly dark edged.
chela nov: ¢ Venezuela, Ciudad Bolivar: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Colombia (Cauca). 3 ¢ Venezuela. 2 ¢ Peru
(R. Colorado). 3 ¢ Amazons (Manaos. Santarem). I ¢
S. Brazil (Sao Paulo).
8 (7). End of cuiller triangular. ¢ F 16 mm. Upf well-
marked pale spots in spaces 2 and 3. Unf apex and costa
pale brown, dorsum rather paler than rest of wing. Unh
pale brown, faint whitish spots in spaces 2 and 3.
modestrus Hayward 1943: $ Peru: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 ¢ Amazons (Tonantins).
9a (3b). Unh with an inwardly detached pale ne in
space 7.
g (10). Unf with sharply marked apical spots. ¢ F 14mm.
odilia. 5 considerably different sub-species.
(a). Upf with small white spots in spaces 2 (usually absent
in g), 3 and 6-8. Unf brown, paler in space 1b: grey
scaling along termen from apex to vein 3. Unh brown,
132
J.27. CYMAENES
grey scaled spots base space 7, before end cell (large),
discal series space Ic to mid space 7, spot in space 6 small,
detached, and spot mid space 7 large, detached: grey
scaling along termen. Variable.
Sub-sp. trebius Mabille 1891: ¢ Bogota.
Synonym. zsus Godman 1900: 3 Mexico: type B.M.:
figured $ and genitalia.
Bends 2006) 20) 2 WWiexicon 7.35 1 2 Guatemala, 8 38) 9
omens 55 20 °"Costa Rica.v4 61-9 Panama, 2 3
Colombia (Cauca).
(b). Paler, more ochreous-brown. Upf spots well marked:
often a spot in space 1b and upper cell dot. Unf costa
dark ochreous: double suffused whitish spot in space rb.
Unh ochreous-brown, marking as in trebius but basal half
blurred with violet-grey scaling.
Sub-sp. edata Plotz 1883: Laguayra. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 $ Colombia (L. Sapatoza). 10 ¢ 6 2 Venezuela.
2 2 Br Guiana. 1 2 Ecuador. 2 ¢ Brazil (Pena Branca).
(c). Upf unmarked or up to 3 white apical spots in line.
Unf dark brown, unmarked except for the apical spots and
violet-grey scaling below apex. Unh marked as in edata
but much darker. F apex sharply pointed and costa slightly
concave.
Sub-sp. aequatoria Hayward 1940: $ Ecuador, Bafios: geni-
talia figured.
B.M. 1 g Colombia. 27 3 4 2 Ecuador (Manabi. Bafios.
Loja. Zamora. Huigra). 1 ¢ Peru.
(d). Wing shape and general appearance of aequatoria,
but more strongly marked and cilia chequered. Upf 3
conspicuous apical spots in line. Unf dark ferruginous
between the apical spots and the conspicuous violet-grey
scaling along termen below apex. Unh centrally dark
ferruginous, violet-grey scaling as in aequatoria but discal
band fainter.
Sub-sp. pacer nov: ¢ Limbani, Carabaya, S.E. Peru, gooo
feet: March 1904: G. Ockenden: type B.M.
B.M. 17 3S. Peru (Limbani. Agualani).
(e). A reversion in wing shape and appearance to edata.
Unf no whitish spots or marking in space 1b. Unh the
grey suffusion along the termen reaches to the discal band.
3
J.27. CYMAENES
Sub-sp. odilia Burmeister 1878: 3 Buenos Ayres. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonym. corescene Schaus 1902: Parana. Fig Hayward
IQ51, d-
B.M. 1 2 Santa Catharina. 3 2 Parana. 3 ¢ Uruguay. 23 3
13 2 Argentine.
10 (9). Unf apical and discal spots faint or absent, yellowish:
costa and upper part of cell ochreous: apex light brown
with grey scaling. Upf brown with ochreous shading:
opaque yellowish spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3 and 6-8. Unh
pale brown with grey scaling: broad discal band of the
ground colour enclosed by black spots from space tc to
space 7: the part in space 7 shifted in so that the inner
black edging to the spot in space 6 is conjoined to the
outer black edging to the large spot in space 7. ¢ F 15 mm.
' gisca nov: 3 Sapucay, Paraguay: W. Foster: type B.M.
BWi 2 2 Venezuela"1 322 Be apie 7 3 1 2 Bolivia
(Chulamani. Coroico. Santa Cruz). 1 ¢ 12 Amazons. 1
Pernambuco. 1 ¢ Bahia. 1 Q Minas Geraes. 2 g I
Matto Grosso. 2 2 5. Brazil (Parana. Sao Paulo). 7342
Paraguay. 22 3 6 2 Argentine.
t© +O +O
Il (1d). Back of cuiller deeply excavate (see diagram).
3 F 14 mm. Upf dark brown, hyaline white spots in
spaces 2, 3 and 6-8. Below, dark brown, faint purple gloss
at apex unf and over all unh. Unf not paler dorsally. Unh
very faint, small pale, suffused spots, inwardly black-edged
in spaces 2 and 3.
jamba nov: ¢ Cachi, 1200 metres, Salta, Argentine: J.
Steinbach: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
12a (1c). Unh with small white spots at end cell and from
space Ic to space 7 on disc.
12 (13). Upf white spots in spaces 2 and 3 and may be in
spaces 1b, 6 and 7. Unf costa ferruginous, apex violet,
rest dark brown, may be suffused spot in space 1b. Unh
costa ferruginous, abdominal fold brown: rest violet-grey.
dé F 14mm.
distigma Plétz 1883: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. stigmula Mabille 1891: 9 ? loc.
si
J.27. CYMAENES
chula Schaus 1902: Petropolis.
B.M. 63625. Brazil (Espirito Santo. Corcovado. Rio
Grande). 1 9 Uruguay.
13 (12). Upf unmarked dark brown. Unf dark brown, base
costa dull ochreous: apex faintly purple: small pale yellow
scaled spot in upper part of cell and faint spots at apex in
spaces 6-8. Unh uniform dark brown, with a purple wash.
3 F 15 mm.: wings produced.
perloides Plotz 1882: Brazil: copy of MS fig in B.M.
. Synonyms. perla Plétz 1882: Rio. Fig Seitz.
diduca Schaus 1902: Petropolis.
albinotata Hayward 1938: 3 Argentine: figured. Fig
Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 4 6S. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Novo Friborgo).
14a (1b). Upf with a well-marked cell spot.
14b (16a). Upf spot small, in upper part of cell.
14 (15). Unf cell and costa dark ochreous up to a narrow
brown, grey scaled area below apex: spots as upf hyaline
white in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8. Unh brown with central
dark ochreous area and the submarginal area grey scaled:
faint whitish discal spots. ¢ F 13 mm.
zama Hayward 1938: 3 Argentine: figured. Fig Hayward
1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 4 3g Argentine.
15 (14). Unf costa and apex, and all unh bright orange-
ochreous: spotting as for gama. 3 F 14 mm.
mabillei Giacomelli 1911: Argentine. Fig Hayward 1934
and 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 2 Matto Grosso (Corumba). 19 3 6 9 Argentine.
16a (14b). Upf cell spot across cell.
16 (17). Upf cell spot divided into 2 spots, lower spot
larger: also elongate opaque spot in space 1b and hyaline
yellow spots in spaces 2, 3, 6 and 7: yellow scaling on both
wings and yellow streaks on F from base to mid costa and
to lower cell spot. Below, bright orange-ochreous as in
mabille:: dorsal half F dark brown, no spot in space rb
and no spots on H. ¢ F 13 mm.
235
J.27. CYMAENES
limae Lindsey 1925: 3 Peru: co-type B.M.: figured 3 and
genitalia.
B.M. 1 9 Venezuela. 6 3 2 2 Ecuador (Paramba. Manabi.
Huigra. Loja). 9 3 4 2 Peru (Callao. Lima). 1 3
Argentine.
17 (16). Upf cell spot white, undivided: also white hyaline
spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8: above, dark brown. Below,
brown: grey scaling on costa and apex F and all H, form-
ing a spot in space g F and on Ha broad discal series from
space Ic to space 7, a spot base space 7 and a large spot
before end cell, extending to space Ic. 3 F 16 mm.
psyllus Mabille 1897: Bolivia: figured.
Synonyms. septimanus Weeks 1go1: Bolivia. Fig Weeks
1906.
Sats Lindsey 1925: Peru, Rio ‘Tarma: figured 2 and
3 genitalia.
B.M. 2 3 2 2 Bolivia (Coroico. Cochabamba).
18a (1a). Unf with markings in spaces 4 and 5 midway
between the apical spots and the termen.
18 (19a). Upf unmarked except for apical hyaline white
spots in spaces 6-8. Unf dark brown: ferruginous scales
between the apical spots and the grey scaling along termen
from costa to vein 4, conjoined to which is the double spot
in spaces 4 and 5 of grey scaling. Unh dark brown with
a broad grey scaled sub-basal band, a continuous discal
band and grey scaling along the termen. ¢ F 13 mm.
fraus Godman 1900: 3 Mexico: type B.M.: figured. Fig
Seitz.
B.M. 1 $ Mexico. 1 g¢ Guatemala. 2 § Honduras. 1 ¢
Nicaragua.
19a (18). Upf with opaque discal and apical spots.
19g (20). Cilia not chequered. Upf with faint brownish- ~
yellow spots from space 1b to space 8, those in spaces 4
and 5 detached outwards, and a faint upper cell spot.
uruba. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 16mm. Unf dark brown: spots as upf but that in
space 1b replaced by a pale brown area across the space
and reaching termen: spots from space 3 to space 8
136
J.27. CYMAENES
bluish-white, narrow pale brown band along termen and
veins pale brown. Unh dark brown with bluish-white
discal and sub-basal spots, extending to lower end cell:
veins pale brown.
Sub-sp. taberi Weeks 1901: Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1906.
Synonym. ursula Draudt 1924: S. Peru: figured.
B.M. 2 6 1 2 Peru (Moyabamba. Chanchamayo. La
Merced). 2 3 1 2 Bolivia (Cochabamba. Buenavista).
(b). ¢ F 15 mm. As taberi but spots below pale brown
and veins not paler than ground.
Sub-sp. uruba Pl6tz 1886: Brazil. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. monestes Schaus 1902: Novo Friborgo. Fig
Seitz: Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
Dive Guo Amazons (Pettey 7 6 6-2 S.eBrazily (Rio.
Tyuco. Espirito Santo. Santa Catharina).
20 (19). Cilia chequered. Upf typically with small greyish-
yellow spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8, upper (and often also
lower) cell spot. Unf dark brown, grey scaling on costa
and apex: spots as upf, but 2 additional spots in spaces 4
and 5 midway to termen. Unh dark brown, abdominal
fold pale brown: grey scaled, the scaling forming a discal
macular band and spots base space 7, and before end cell.
$ F 14mm.
warreni Weeks 1go1: Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1906.
Pei 6 2 Bolivia (Santiago. de:Chiquitos): 1 gS:
Brazil (Caraca). 2 3 2 9 Paraguay.
Unidentified in B.M. Described in Megistias.
21 sancoya Schaus 1902: 3 Petropolis. ¢ F15 mm. Above,
unmarked dark brown. Unh brownish-ochreous with a
small dark spot in space 4—5, beyond end cell.
22 vegrandis Hayward 1934: 3 Argentine: figured ¢ and
genitalia. ¢ F 11 mm. Above, unmarked. Unf pale spots
in spaces 1b, 2 and 3. Unh faint pale spot end cell and a
discal row. Hayward 1951 transfers to Lerodea: figures 3
with whitish spots in spaces 2 and 3 upf and genitalia of
quite a different form to his 1934 figure.
23 miaba Schaus 1902: ? loc. ¢ F 14 mm. Upf white dots
in spaces 2, 3 and 6. Unf also pale dash in space 1b. Unh
Ley
J.28. VEHILIUS
light brown, veins yellowish: white dot end cell and a
discal row in spaces 2-6.
J.28. VEHILIUS Godman 1goo: type stictomenes Butler:
fixed by author as z/ludens Mabille, which is a sub-species of
stictomenes.
Structurally as Cymaenes, separated therefrom by the veins,
unh and unf apex being pale more or less. No secondary
sexual characters.
la (5a). Antennae, shaft conspicuously chequered.
tb (3a). F no conspicuous cell spot.
1 (2). Antennal club, below, less than half white.
stictomenes. 3 sub-species.
(a). $ F 12 mm. Above, unmarked, except for faint dull
yellow discal and apical spots. Unf faint spots as on upf:
veins at apex pale. Unh veins whitish and a pale central
area. ,
Sub-sp. illudens Mabille 1891: g Chiriqui. Fig Godman
& Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz.
B.M. 24 6 12 9 Mexico. 5 ¢ 5 2 Guatemalaeaee
Honduras. 4 3 2 9 Nicaragua. 1 2 Salvador. 7 3
Costa Rica. 13 6 7 2 Panama.
(b). g F 11mm. Upf spots in spaces 2 and 3 hyaline, rest
faint. Below, veins sharply defined yellow. Unh no discal
markings.
Sub-sp. madra nov: 3 W. Ecuador, Manabi: type B.M.
B.M. 11 3 1 Q type loc.
(c). ¢ F 12mm. Upf conspicuous hyaline spots in spaces
2, 3 and 6, and opaque, yellowish in spaces 1b, 7, 8 and
an upper dot in cell. Unf spot in space 1b absent. Unh
veins conspicuously yellow: short violet-white discal
streaks in spaces 1c—6, which may be conjoined as a band.
Sub-sp. stictomenes Butler 1877: 2 Amazons: type B.M.
Synonyms. venosa Moschler 1878: 3 Colombia. Fig
Seitz.
venosus Plotz 1884: S. America. Fig Godman & Salvin,
3 and genitalia: Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
bebarus Plétz 1884: Colombia. Fig Seitz.
norma Dyar 1917: Br Guiana.
138
“Hy =)
2
2
Re
J.28. VEHILIUS
Bove a er Colominasin 2) viz) 2) Venezuela..24 3 17 2
Ponidad.. 1 -¢) Tobago, 16.6 16°92 BroGuiana: 1 3
Surinam. 3 2 Fr Guiana. g 3S Peru (Chanchamayo.
Ucayali). 2 3 2 2 Bolivia (Reyes. La Paz. Santa Cruz).
8 $62 Upper Amazons. 11 $ 69 Para. 3 6 1 9 Maran-
ham. 5 d 1 9 Minas Geraes. 5 g 1 2 Matto Grosso. 31 3
1 9 Goyaz. 15 6 13 2S. Brazil (Parana. Sado Paulo. Rio.
Espirito Santo). 1 ¢ Uruguay. 1 2 Paraguay.
2 (1). Antennal club, below, more than half white. Though
the genitalia clasp is very different, zmca is not always
easy to separate from stictomenes: the variation, however,
seems to be individual or seasonal rather than sub-specific.
Typically, ¢ F 11 mm. Upf faint yellowish spots in spaces
2 and 3. Unh grey scaled, with faint discal pale spots and
the veins slightly paler than the ground. But some speci-
mens from Venezuela and 8. Brazil have upf a continuous
row of sub-hyaline white spots in spaces 2—7, as well as
2 cell spots. Unh yellowish-brown, veins conspicuously
white and a macular grey discal band in spaces 1c~7. In
Ecuador particularly, and sometimes elsewhere, a rather
larger form seems prevalent, § F 13 mm.: upf typical:
unh brown with only traces of the discal band or pale veins.
inca Scudder 1872: Peru.
Synonyms. venulus Mabille 1883: 5. America.
labdacus Godman 1900: 3 Mexico: type B.M.: figured 3
and genitalia: Seitz: Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
subplanus Kaye 1904: Trinidad.
simplex Jorgensen 1935: 3 Paraguay.
B.M. 12 3 9 2 Mexico. 7 $ 3 2 Guatemala. 3 $ Hon-
ims 4 Nicaragua. &§ ¢ 1 2 Costa Rica) 6 g 2 2
Panama. 1 3 1 2 Colombia. 10 3 8 2 Venezuela. 13 d 1 2
Trinidad. 48 g 11 9 Br Guiana. 1 ¢ 1 9 Surinam. 2 d1 ?
Fr Guiana. 14 $ 17 2 Ecuador (Paramba). 1 2 Peru
(Callao). 2 3 2 2 Bolivia (Chaco. Santa Cruz). 1 3 Bahia.
eg Ceara. 1*9'1 2 Goyaz. 3 ¢ 1.9 Minas Geraes. 3 3
Matto Grosso. 10 $6 ¢ 5S. Brazil. 6 ¢ Paraguay. 1 3 2?
Argentine.
3a (1b). F with conspicuous cell spot or spots.
3 (4). Upf bright yellow spots in spaces 1b—7 and an
A. H.—-10 139
J.28. VEHILIUS
upper cell spot. Uph yellow spots in spaces 1c-6. Below,
veins yellow. Unf 3 no spot in space rb. Unh rather
elongate whitish spots in spaces 1c-6. ¢ F 12 mm.
almoneus Schaus 1902: Peru.
B.M. 3 ¢ 2 9 Br Guiana. 14 ¢ 2 9 Fr Guiana. 2 g 2 2
Amazons (Manaos. Para). 5 ¢ 1 9 Bolivia (Santa Cruz).
4 (3). Upf small, white hyaline spots in a curved row in
spaces 2-8 and 2 spots in cell. Unf brown, double discal
spot in space 1b: veins at apex white. Unh brown, veins
whitish: curved discal row of white spots in spaces 1c—7,
each inwardly edged by a black spot: the spot in space 4—5
is inwardly prolonged and the black spot is large and
against the end of the cell. ¢ F 12 mm.
gorta nov: ¢ Goyaz, Leop—Bulhaes: R. Spitz: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Goyaz. 1 § Minas Geraes. 1 ¢ Matto Grosso.
5a (1a). Antennae, shaft not or inconspicuously chequered.
5b (7a). Unh and apex unf no pale streaks between the pale
veins.
5 (6). Unf with small whitish spots in spaces Ic-8. 3
F 11 mm. Upf and uph with faint yellow-scaled discal
spots. Unh dark brown with a purple gloss, yellow veins
and white discal spots in spaces 1c-6.
lugubris Lindsey 1925: 3 Peru: genitalia figured.
BNL. 1,6" Panama’’. 15 6 9@ Para:
6 (5). Unf unmarked dark brown, except for the yellow
veins at apex and a pale discal area in spaces 1a and 1b.
¢ F 11 mm. Upf may be faint yellow scaled spots in
spaces 2, 3, 6, 7 and upper cell. Unh dark brown, more
or less purple ‘glossed : may be small yellow-scaled discal
spots in spaces 1c~7: veins yellow.
vetula Mabille 1878: 3 Para. Fig in Seitz is of Callimormus
interpunctata.
Synonyms. verames Schaus 1902: Peru.
forbest. Williams & Bell 1931: 3 Br Guiana: figured 3 and
genitalia.
B.M.:6 3-3 2 Panama. 1 ¢ 1 9 Colombia) 97 ae
Venezuela. 23 ¢ 16 2 Br Guiana. 1 $ Surinam. I ¢ 2 9
Fr Guiana. 21 3¢ 14 9 Ecuador (Paramba. Cachabe). 6 3
140
J.28. VEHILIUS
12 Peru (Loreto. Chaquimayo). 1 2 Bolivia. 3 3 2 ¢
Upper Amazons (Iquitos—Obidos). 15 3 3 ¢ Para.
7a (5b). Unh and apex unf with pale streaks between the
veins. 7
7 (8). Above, markings inconspicuous.
vetulus. 3 sub-species.
(a). 9 F 11 mm. Above, dark brown, unmarked except
for a few grey scales on disc in spaces 1b and 2. Unf dark
brown, purple glossed at apex: white streak in space 10,
irregular white apical spots in spaces 6-9, those in spaces
6 and 7 connected to termen by a white streak, below
which are white streaks in spaces 4 and 5: whitish discal
streak in space 1b. Unh dark brown, purple glossed, veins
white: white discal spots in spaces 2—7, each connected to
the termen by a white streak: white line along termen.
Sub-sp. vetulus Mabille 1883: “Brazil’”’.
B.M. 1 2 Nicaragua.
(b). ¢ Fr1 mm. Upf yellow-scaled small spots in spaces
tb—9 and an upper cell spot, all or some of which may be
absent. Unf yellow spots in spaces 2-10, those in spaces
3-7 connected to termen by yellow streaks: whitish discal
spot in space 1b. Unh as vetulus, but veins and spots
yellow and a spot in end cell.
Sub-sp. seriatus Mabille 1891: ¢ Venezuela: MS fig in B.M.
Beyve2 Go t 2 Colombia: 1g 4 9 Venezuela.
(c). g¢ Fi2mm. Differs from seriatus in lacking the spot
in lower end of cell.
Sub-sp. danius Bell 1941: ¢ Brazil, Santa Catharina: geni-
talia figured.
B.M. None.
8 (7). Above, with conspicuous tawny markings: upf spots
in spaces Ib, 2, 3 and 6-8 and upper cell: uph elongate spots
in spaces 2-6. Unf apex with yellow veins and streaks
between veins. Unh veins mostly black except just before
termen: broad streaks between veins and in cell. ¢ 13 mm.
clavicula Plotz 1884: g Rio. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. striga Plotz 1884: = clavicula.
furcifer Mabille 1891: 3 Brazil.
B.M.56 33095. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Parana. Novo Friborgo).
I4I
J.29. MNASILUS
Unidentified in B.M. Described in Vehilius.
9 carasta Schaus 1902: ¢ Petropolis. ¢ F 12 mm. Upf
yellow scaled spots in spaces 2-8. Unf violet tinged: 2
yellow cell spots: yellow marginal line, extending to unh,
where there are discal spots in spaces 2-6 and in cell.
10 chinta Schaus 1902: ¢ Petropolis. ¢ F 11 mm. Upf
small yellowish-grey spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3 and 6-8.
Below, veins pale: unf spot at costa lilacine: unh a wavy
lilacine discal band.
I! madius Bell 1941: ¢ Santa Catharina: genitalia figured.
3 F 13 mm. Like stictomenes but upf spot in space 2 taller
than wide and unh streaks between veins yellow.
12 putus Bell 1941: 3 Peru, Putumayo: genitalia figured.
3 F 14mm. Above, unmarked. Below, as stictomenes.
J.29. MNASILUS Godman 1goo: type allubita Butler:
sole species included was penicillatus Godman, which is a
synonym of allubita.
Structure as for Parphorus from which it differs in the
absence of any brand or stigma, but has a recumbent hair
tuft along the middle third of space 1a upf.
Single species. ¢ F 11-14 mm. Above, dark brown, with
dull greenish-ochreous scaling on costa F and hairs on
thorax and basal two-thirds uph. Upf with spots of
ochreous scales in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6-8 some or
all of which may be missing. Uph may be faint traces of
discal spots. Unf black, apex and costa dull greenish-
ochreous: no spot in space 1b: other spots as on upf but
some or all may be absent. Unh greenish-ochreous: veins
more or less paler: may be faint traces of discal spots.
allubita Butler 1877: $ Amazons: type B.M. Fig Hayward
1g51, ¢ and genitalia. i
Synonyms. umbrosus Mabille 1883: 3 no loc: type B.M.
evanidus Mabille 1883: 5. America.
zalma Plotz 1886: $ Panama: copy of MS fig in B.M.
amyrna Mabille 1891: ¢ Porto Cabello: MS fig in B.M.
penicillatus Godman 1900: 3 Mexico: type B.M.: figured
3, venation and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
142
J.31. MNASINOUS
B.M. 12 g§ Mexico. 6 g¢ Guatemala. 3 ¢ Colombia. 5 ¢
Venezuela. 2 ¢ Br Guiana. 31 $ 7 9 Ecuador (Paramba).
1 ¢ Peru (R. Maranon). 14 3 2 9 Amazons (Itaituba—
Para). 2 $ Pernambuco. 8 g 1 9S. Brazil (Pena Branca.
Petropolis). 2 g Paraguay.
J.30. SUCOVA Evans (p. 88): type sucova Schaus: fixed
. by author.
Antennae rather longer than half costa: club + shaft: nudum
3/8. Palpi hairy: third segment short. Mid tibiae spined.
-F vein 2 nearer to base than to vein 3. 3 upf broad brands,
sagittate over vein 2, long under vein 2 and covered by a
recumbent hair tuft from base space rb.
Single species. ¢ F 14 mm. Brown; upf with faint spots
of a few grey scales in spaces 2 and 3. Unf apex and costa
obscure purple, also all unh, where there are small spots
of a few grey scales in spaces 1c—-7. The grey spots are
deciduous and absent in some specimens.
sucova Schaus 1902: ¢ Petropolis: paratype B.M.
Synonym. illepidus Bell 1932: 3 Paraguay: genitalia
figured.
B.M. 2 3 1 2 Petropolis.
J.31. MNASINOUS Godman 1900: type patage Godman:
sole species included.
Antennae very long 10/17 costa: club ¢ shaft: nudum 3/8.
Palpi slender, hairy: third segment protruding. Mid tibiae
smooth. F veins 11 and 12 close: vein 2 mid vein 3 and base.
6 upf slender, obscure brands: against cubitus from vein 3
to vein 2, short bar under vein 2 and over vein I.
Single species. ¢ F 17 mm. Above, plain dark brown.
Unf dark brown, costa and apex ferruginous. Unh ferru-
ginous red except for the brown costal fold. Palpi and
pectus with yellow and black hairs. Antennae plain dark
brown, except for a little ochreous scaling at base club,
below.
patage Godman 1goo: $ Mexico: type B.M.: figured ¢ and
genitalia. Fig Seitz. |
B.M. 3 5 1 2 Mexico (Orizaba). 4 ¢ 1 2 Costa Rica.
aes
J.32. MNASITHEUS
J.32. MNASITHEUS Godman 1goo: type chrysophrys
Mabille: fixed by author as cephis Godman, which is a
synonym of chrysophrys.
Synonym. Mnasalcas Godman i1goo: type simplicissima
Herrich-Schaffer: sole species included by author was unz-
formis Butler, which is a synonym of semplicissima.
Small plain dark species with brands or a stigma upf.
Antennae just longer than half costa: club } shaft: nudum 3/8
or 2/9. Palpi slender, hairy: third segment short, conical.
Mid tibiae with a few long spines, which may be absent.
la (7a). 3 upf with brands parallel to veins 1 and 2.
tb (6). $ upf with a brand over vein 2. ¢ F 11 mm. Upf
with inconspicuous yellow scaling forming obscure discal
and apical spots.
1c (5). Unf costa and apex and all unh purple with a few
yellow scales. Legs yellow. Palpi yellow and brown. Cilia
more or less pale yellow, often conspicuously so in some
specimens of chrysophrys.
I (2a). g upf brands situated well beyond the origin of
vein 2, centred under origin vein 3: a very short brand
Over vein 2, a rather longer one under vein 2 and a still
longer one over vein I.
chrysophrys Mabille 1891: ¢ Colombia.
Synonym. cephis Godman 1goo: g Mexico: type B.M.:
figured, $ venation and genitalia.
B.M. 1 6 1 2 Mexico. 2 $ Guatemala. 1 3 Costa Rica.
3 ¢ Colombia. 3 ¢ Venezuela. 8 g¢ Trinidad. 4 g 1 2
Br Guiana. 1 3 Fr Guiana. 5 3g Ecuador (Paramba.
Arenillas). 1 ¢ Peru (Chambireyacu). 1 ¢ Matto Grosso.
2 3 9. Brazil (Santa Catharina). 2 ¢ Paraguay.
2a (1). 3 upf brands reach origin of vein 2.
2 (3a). 3S upf no brand over vein 1: brands of equal length
above and below vein 2.
forma nov: ¢ Para: A. M. Moss: type B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ Para. 1 $ Peru (Yahuarmayo).
3a (2). 3 upf with a brand above vein 1.
3 (4). ¢ upf brand under vein 2 much longer than the
brands over veins 1 and 2.
144
j.32. MNASITHEUS
nitra nov: ¢ Parana, Castro: E. D. Jones: type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ Parana.
4 (3). ¢ upf brands sub-equal.
cephoides Hayward 1943: ¢ Br Honduras: genitalia
figured. B.M. 5 3 Amazons (Para—Santarem). 1 ¢ Rio.
5 (1c). Below, plain brown, no purple wash; very sparse
grey scaling on unh and costa unf. Cilia outwardly grey.
Palpi grey and brown. Legs not yellow. ¢ upf 3 equal
brands.
nella nov: 3 Parana, Castro: E. D. Jones: type B.M.
B.M. 3 ¢ Parana.
6 (1b). 3g upf no brand over vein 2, long brands under vein 2
and over vein 1. Upf no yellow scaling. Below, chocolate-
brown, unmarked. Palpi yellow and brown. Legs brown.
¢ F 12 mm. Some specimens are said to be spotted upf.
gemignanii Hayward 1940: g Argentine: genitalia figured.
Fig Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 2 ¢ Brazil. 2 $ Argentine.
7a (1a). 3 upf with a stigma commencing from origin vein 3.
7b (10). 3 upf stigma very narrow. Above, dark brown,
no superscaling.
7¢ (9). 3 upf stigma appressed to cubitus between origins
of veins 3 and 2. Unh dark ochreous-brown usually with
small yellow spots in spaces 2 and 3. ¢ F 11 mm.
7 (8). 3 upf stigma irregular: sagittate above vein 2,
followed by sagittate dashes under vein 2 and over vein I.
Above, some metallic green scaling on collar and head. On
both sides of the wings in a side light there are alternating
red and green reflections.
simplicissima Herrich-Schaffer 1870: Venezuela. Name
used by Godman 1goo for imsigms Plotz, but Herrich-
Schaffer specified 2 pale discal spots unh: consequently
figures by Godman, Seitz and Hayward apply to znsignis.
Synonyms. uniforms Butler & Druce 1872: 2 Costa Rica:
type B.M. Fig Godman & Salvin, venation and genitalia.
campost Hayward 1940: 3 Ecuador: genitalia figured.
B.M. 5 3 1 9 Costa Rica. 1 g§ Colombia. 4 3 1 2 Ecuador
(Balzapamba). 2 3 Bolivia (Mapiri. Charaplaya).
hes
J.33. MOERIS
8 (7). 3 upf stigma regular, not sagittate above vein 2, a
short dash under vein 2 and a dot, often absent, over
vein 1. Above, greenish hairs on head. Below, plain
chocolate.
ritans Schaus 1902: 3 Petropolis.
B.M. 21 3895. Brazil (Petropolis. Parana. Sao Paulo.
Novo Friborgo. Rio).
9 (7c). 3 upf stigma from origin vein 3 curved away from
origin vein 2 and continued unbroken to vein 1.
continua. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 13 mm. As continua except for the shape of the
clasp: the cuiller overlaps the valva.
Sub-sp. conta nov: $ Rio Pastaza, Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. 3 3 type loc.
(b). ¢ F 14 mm. Cuiller does not overlap valva. Dark
brown, unmarked, except that unh there is a small yellow
spot in space 3. T’egumen with a dorsal projection.
Sub-sp. continua nov: ¢$ Bolivia: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
10 (7b). 3 upf stigma between origins vein 3 and 2 broad,
continued by a small dash below vein 2, but not reaching
vein 1. ¢ F 12 mm. Above and below, dark brown,
spangled with golden scales, densest outside the stigma in
space 2 upf, forming a spot.
spangla nov: ¢ Ecuador, Rio Blanco, 1700 metres: F. M.
Brown: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
J.33. MOERIS Godman 1900: type striga Geyer: fixed by
author.
Synonyms. Perimeles Godman 19goo: type remus Fabricius:
sole species included: homonym of Perimeles Lenz 1831.
Remella Hemming 1939: to replace Perimeles.
Antennae rather > } costa: nudum 3/8. Palpi slender:
third segment short, conical. Mid tibiae spined. ¢ uph
generally with a stigma or brands. Above, generally plain
dark brown, unmarked. Unh more or less variegated, veins
not pale. |
146
J.33. MOERIS
la (10a). 3 upf stigma or brands inconspicuous.
tb ( ae Unh with a broad central whitish area.
1c (4). 3 upf with a slender tripartite stigma.
1 (2a). Unh a dark spot at upper end of cell and no ferru-
gsinous red areas. ¢ F 12 mm. Unf pale area at apex.
Unh central white area broad.
remus Fabricius 1798: Fr Guiana. Fig Godman & Salvin
_ are of rita: Seitz: Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonym. centralis Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
B.M. 3 322 Mexico. 3 ¢ 1 9 Guatemala. 2 $ Honduras.
2 9 Nicaragua. 3 ¢ Costa Rica. 5 g 19 Panama. 10 ¢ 8 9
Colombia. 5 ¢ 3 ¢ Venezuela. 18 g 6 9 Trinidad. 1 ¢
Br Guiana. 2 ¢ 2 2 Surinam. 11 ¢ 14 9 Ecuador. 1 5 2 9
Peru. 1 9 E. Bolivia. 22 ¢ 8 2 Amazons (Pebas—Para).
2 ¢ Bahia. 2 g Matto Grosso. 9 6 3 2S. Brazil. 3 3
Paraguay.
2a (1). Unh no dark spot at end cell. Unf apex and unh
dark areas, ferruginous red.
2 (3). 3d F 13 mm. Gnathos short, slender and arms
connivent. Unh central white area suffused and narrower
than in remus: generally lower part of discocellular vein is
white. 9 ostium bursa ends in 2 points, rounded in other
species.
rita nov: $ Duenas, Guatemala: G. C. Champion: fig
Godman & Salvin as remus (genitalia fig = remus): type
B.M.
Bevie a4 4 3 2 Mexico. 16 § Guatemala. 17 3 Costa
Rica. 1 g Panama.
3 (2). ¢ F 15 mm. Gnathos long, stouter, arms wide apart.
Above, paler, cilia grey. Unh narrow pale central area
more suffused, and the white scaling more extensive.
Uncus as broad as in vopiscus: clasp like rita.
duena nov: 3g Duenas, Guatemala: G. C. Champion: type
B.M.
Reve 23.2 2 Guatemala.
4 (1c). 3 upf brands instead of a stigma: upper part begin-
ning under origin vein 3, running along cubitus and over
beginning of vein 2: lower part under beginning of vein 2.
147
J.33. MOERIS
3 F 14mm. Below, ferruginous red areas as in rita: may
be a dark spot at end of cell unh.
vopiscus. 2 sub-species.
(a). Cuiller of clasp, inner tip pointed.
Sub-sp. vopiscus Herrich-Schaffer 1869: no loc: type B.M.
ex coll Kaden, 3 Venezuela.
Synonym. justinoides Butler & Druce 1872: 2 Costa Rica:
type B.M.
B.M. 16 3 5 2 Mexico. 1 § 1 9 Honduras. 4 3 5 2 Costa
Rica. 3 61 9 Panama. 4 $ Colombia. 31 ¢ 2 2 Venezuela.
8 3 3 2 Trinidad. 9 g Ecuador (Paramba. Huigra). 1 3
1 2 Peru (Tarapote. Chaquimayo). 1 2 Amazons. I 3
Brazil.
(b). Cuiller of clasp, inner tip rounded. Unh white area
wider.
_Sub-sp. cusillunia Weeks 1go1: 2 Bolivia. Fig Weeks 190s.
B.M. 3 3 Bolivia (La Paz. Mapiri).
5a (1b). Unh no whitish central area.
5b (7a). Unh with a central ochreous band.
5 (6). Unf with a whitish spot mid costa and another over
end cell: a tornal white area and ochreous scaling on
termen just below apex. Unh with a narrow discal and
similar submarginal grey band. ¢ F 9 mm.
crispinus Plotz 1882: Mexico: copy of MS fig in B.M.
B.M. None.
6 (5). Unf only the outer whitish spot on costa, otherwise
as crispinus. Unh with broad violet-grey scaling along
termen and dorsum.
rivera Plotz 1882: Rio. Fig Seitz.
B.M. None.
7a (5b). Unh no band.
7b (g). F costa convex as usual.
7 (8). Unh very pale brown with a lilacine tint. Upf some
fulvous scaling, densest at base. Unf black, some yellow
hairs in cell and on costa. 3 with stigma as remus. 3
F 14 mm.
stollmeyeri Bell 1931: 3 Trinidad.
B.M. None.
148
J.33. MOERIS
8 (7). Unh brilliant shining greenish-blue. Unf dark brown:
a preapical orange area in spaces 6—10 below which along
termen shining indigo-blue to vein 3. 3 upf sagittate
brand over origin vein 2, dash below the vein and a dot
over vein 12g) F my mm.
submetallescens Hayward 1940: 3 Argentine 1940: geni-
talia figured. Fig Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
Bir sf 1 2 Parana:
9 (7b). F costa centrally concave. Upf some narrow yellow
scaling mid costa: cilia conspicuously yellow. Unf dark
brown, costa ferruginous: yellowish-white patch mid
costa: broad violet-white scaling before termen. Unh
ferruginous above vein 6: abdominal fold brown: rest,
including space 1a, dark brown with violet-grey scaling,
broadly whiter and denser from mid disc to termen.
Antennae below, chequered, yellow on basal half of club.
6 F3/mm.
padus nov: 6 8. Peru, Uruhasi, 7ooo feet: April to May
1910: H. & G. Watkins: type B.M.
B.M. 7 3 3 2 Ecuador (Rio Pastaza. Ambato. Bafios.
Loja). 6 g 1 2 Peru (Oxapampa.. Marcapata. Uruhast.
Inambari). 2 3 Bolivia.
10a (xa). 3 upf black stigma conspicuous.
10b (12). Above, not overlaid ochreous scales.
10 (11). Unh variegated ferruginous and yellow.
striga. 4 sub-species.
(a). $¢ F 13 mm. Above, dark brown, unmarked except
for ochreous scaling along costa: cilia brown to grey. Unf
costa and apex ferruginous, variegated with yellow. Unh
abdominal fold dark brown, elsewhere ferruginous, with
a large yellow spot on costa before apex: a discal band of
dark spots as well as some similar central and basal spots:
centre of wing from termen between spaces tc and 6 with
a purplish glaze extended towards base. Aedoeagus with-
out spines: end of cuiller concave between 2 sharply
pointed arms. Specimens from Colombia are more or less
intermediate to strada.
Sub-sp. stroma nov: 3 Mexico, Atoyac, Vera Cruz: geni-
talia figured by Godman & Salvin as striga: type B.M.
149
J-.33- MOERIS
B.M. 2 3 3 2 Mexico. 1 2 Guatemala. 1 $ Nicaragua.
2 S$ Costa Rica. 4 g 1 2 Panama. 3 3g 2 2 Colombia.
(b). ¢ F 12mm. ¢ upf small ochreous spots in spaces 3,
6-8 and upper part of cell: in 2 may be spots in spaces 1b
and 2. Below, yellower, brighter: unh central glazed area
faint. Aedoeagus with an upper and a lower spine: clasp
like stroma.
Sub-sp. strada nov: $ Trinidad: type B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ “Chiriqui”’. 6 3 Venezuela. 18 3 7 9 Trinidad.
Lig! tarde
(c). ¢ F13 mm. Above, unmarked, or, more usually, with
3 small ochreous apical spots. Below, like stroma. Aedoea-
gus with a long lower spine. Cuiller dorsally pointed,
ventrally rounded and serrate.
Sub-sp. striga Geyer 1832: ¢ Rio: figured. Fig Godman
- & Salvin, venation, genitalia fig = stroma. Hayward 1951,
genitalia: Seitz.
B.M. 1 9 Peru (Tarapate). 1 g Para. 1 2 Minas Geraes.
1 2 Matto Grosso. 3 ¢ 3 2.5. Brazil (Tyuco. Corcovado.
Espirito Santo). 1 2 Uruguay.
(d). g Fi2mm. Upf like strada but more marked, tawny
band spaces 1b—3. Uph with tawny discal spots in spaces
4 and 5, and may be in spaces 2, 3 and 6 also. Below,
yellower than strada. Aedoeagus with 2 lower spines:
cuiller rather like striga.
Sub-sp. silvicultrix: ¢ Argentine: figured. Fig Hayward
1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 3 1 2 Bolivia (Tanampaya. Buenavista). 3 3
Argentine (Tucuman. Entre Rios).
11 (zo). Unh reddish-brown, no yellow colouring. Aedoea-
gus bifid
hyagnis. 2 sub-species.
(a). g¢ F 12 mm. Reddish-brown. Above, unmarked.
Unf paler, faint whitish spot in space 6 and, in 2, may be
an upper cell spot: costa and apex in 9 reddish-brown,
violet-grey along termen. Unh violet-grey along termen,
faint whitish discal spots in spaces 1c—4 and end cell.
Sub-sp. hyagnis Godman 1900: 3 Mexico: type B.M.:
figured.
150
J.34. PARPHORUS
Bul. 173279 Mexico (Atoyac, Vera Cruz).
(b). Browner. Below, no violet-grey scaling. Unf with
2 apical spots and 2 cell spots. Genitalia identical with
hyagnis.
Sub-sp. meraca Hayward 1947: 3 Brazil, Mury: figure of
genitalia.
B.M. None.
12 (10b). Above, brown overlaid ochreous scales. Upf base
costa ochreous: spots of yellowish scales in spaces 1b and
2 outside the black stigma. Unf costa and apex and all H
ferruginous overlaid yellowish scales: rest of F and abdo-
minal fold H black: faint yellowish spots in spaces 2 and
oo 12 mm:
ekka nov: ¢ Ecuador, ex coll Hewitson: type B.M.
B.M. 3:3 Ecuador.
J.34. PARPHORUS Godman 1900: type storax Mabille:
fixed by author.
Synonym. Vorates Godman 1900: type decora Herrich-
Schaffer: fixed by author.
Antennae rather longer than half costa: club + shaft: nudum
3/8. Palpi second segment quadrate, hairy: third short.
Mid tibiae with a few spines, which may be short or long
or obsolete. F vein 2 mid vein 3 and base. Below, with
more or less well-defined pale veins. $ upf with a brand or
stigma.
I (2a). Unf no discal spots. Below, veins conspicuously
pale: unh no discal markings. Upf 3 with complex stigma ~
consisting of a central grey patch over origin of vein 2:
above this patch is a black velvet streak running along the
cubitus to beyond the origin of vein 3: below and behind
the patch is an irregular black velvet streak to vein 1.
6 F12)mm.
storax. 2 sub-species.
(a). 3g upf with discal spots of yellow scales in spaces 1b,
2 and 3: absent in 9. Below, veins yellow.
Sub-sp. storax Mabille 1891: 3 Chiriqui. Fig Godman &
Salvin, g and genitalia: Seitz: Hayward 1951, 3 and
genitalia.
15%
J.34. PARPHORUS
Synonym. ? ornata Tessman 1928: 3 E. Peru.
B.M. 1 $ Costa Rica. 2 ¢ Panama. 5 ¢ 2 2 Colombia.
1 g Venezuela. 1 g Trinidad. 3 ¢ Br Guiana. 3 ¢ Fr
Guiana. 1 $ Ecuador. 11 $3 2 Para. 1 3S. Brazil (Rio).
(b). g above, unmarked. Unh veins broadly white.
Sub-sp. sorra nov: $ Ecuador, Paramba: Rosenberg: type
B.M.
B.M. 1 g Venezuela. 12 3 5 ¢ Ecuador (Paramba).
2a (1). Unf with discal spots in spaces 2 and 3.
2b (10a). F spots in spaces 2 and 6 not elongate.
2c (8a). F spots in spaces 2 and 3 not overlapping.
2d (7). Unh uniform.
2e (6). Unh veins conspicuously yellow.
_ 2f (4a). 3g upf spot in space 2 larger than spot in space 3.
Unh usually no trace of discal markings.
2 (3). d upf brand consists of a triangular grey patch above
vein 2 and a short dash below vein 2. ¢ F 133 mm. Unh
some central yellow scaling. Upf yellow spots in spaces 1b,
2, 3, 6 (and sometimes 7). Unf spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6.
decora Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Godman & Salvin,
Gs
é and genitalia: Seitz.
Synonyms. tanaquilus Méschler 1878: 3 Colombia.
fartuga Schaus 1902: 3 Novo Friborgo.
cotiso Schaus 1913: S$ Costa Rica: figured. Fig Seitz.
substriata Hayward 1934: 2° Argentine: figured. Fig
Hayward 1951. 2 and ¢ genitalia.
B.M. 1 S$ Mexico. 3 ¢ 1 @ Panama. 4 3 3 2 Colombia.
3 6.1 9 Venezuela. 14 6 5 2 Trinidad. 1 9 ieee
1 $ Br Guiana. 1 3 6 9 Ecuador (Paramba. Quevedo).
2 $ Bolivia (Cochabamba. Buenavista). 7 ¢ Amazons
(Ucayali-Obidos). 1 ¢ Minas Geraes. 3 ¢ S. Brazil (Rio.
Espirito Santo. Parana).
(2). 3S upf brand consists of a slender black streak from —
the origin of vein 3 to the origin of vein 2 where it is
angled and runs for a short distance above the vein: a
short streak under vein 2. ¢ F 14 mm. Markings as in
decora but duller.
felta nov: g Peru, La Merced: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
152
J.34. PARPHORUS
4a (2f). 3 upf spot in space 2 not larger than spot in space 3.
Unh usually with a narrow yellow discal band.
4(5). 3g upf brands as in felta. Upf apical spots in spaces
6 and 7: spot in space 2 broken into 2 small spots of
ochreous scales. Unf spot in space 2 is a narrow streak.
6 F 13 mm.
oca nov: 3 Panama: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 1 2 Panama. 1 3 Peru (Inambari).
5 (4). 3 upf brands as in decora. Upf only an apical spot in
space 6: spot in space 2 small, not broken up. 3 F 13 mm.
Uncus quadrifid as in storax.
prosper nov: 3 Obidos: M. de Mathan: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Peru (Ucayali). 1 g Obidos.
6 (ze). Unh veins inconspicuously paler on an ochreous-
brown ground: traces of paler discal spots. Upf yellow
spots as in decora, but smaller and duller: more variable,
spot in space 1b may be absent, may be dots in spaces 4,
5 and up to 3 apical dots. 3 upf complex stigma, as in
storax. 3 F 13 mm.
nemorus Bell 1941: 3 Brazil: genitalia figured.
B.M. 8 g 12S. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Petropolis).
7 (2d). Unh basal two-thirds yellow with a few brown
streaks: outer third brown, cut by yellow veins. Above,
as decora. 3 upf brands as in decora, but also with a spur
above vein I, asin hesia. 3 F 12 mm.
pseudecorus Hayward 1934: 3 Argentine: figured. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 3 3 S. Brazil (Parana). 1 g Argentine.
8a (2c). F spots in spaces 2 and 3 overlapping. Unh no
discal markings.
8 (9). Below, yellow veins conspicuous. 3 F 1omm. Upf
small yellow spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 4 and 6. Uph yellow
discal area. Below, brown: unf costa ochreous, spots as
upf but only an upper spot in space 1b. Brand as in
decora.
granta nov: 3 Panama: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
E53
].34. PARPHORUS
9 (8). Below, yellow veins very faint on the dark ochreous-
brown ground. Upf large contiguous hyaline yellow spots
in spaces 2 and 3 and a hyaline dot in space 6: rather
inconspicuous tawny scaling in basal half of space rb and
costa F and over most of uph. ¢ F 14 mm. Brands as
in hesia.
oeagrus Godman 1goo: $ Costa Rica: type B.M.: figured
3 and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 3 3 5 2 Costa Rica.
10a (2b). F spots in spaces 2 and 6 elongate.
10 (11a). Upf spots in 2 and 3 separate, yellow: no spot in
space 1b: uph centrally ochreous. Below, as decora.
F 113 mm.
auristriga Draudt 1924: 3 Bolivia, R. Songo: figured.
B.M. None.
Ila (10). Upf spots in 2 and 3 conjoined, hyaline. 3 unh
with a conspicuous pale streak from termen along vein 6
to base. Brands as in decora, continued by a narrow spur
to vein I.
11b (13a). Unh veins conspicuously yellow.
11 (12). Uph veins orange. Upf conspicuous orange spot
in space 1b and orange scaling along basal two-thirds of
costa. Unf no spot in space 1b: costa orange. Unh the
streak along vein 6 yellow, veins orange. 3 F 11 mm.
ira Butler 1870: 2 ? loc: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 (without a body) 2 2 no loc (ex coll Kaden).
12 (11). Uph plain, with sparse ochreous scaling. Upf spots
hyaline white in spaces 2, 3 and 6: small opaque yellow
spot in space 1b, not appearing unf. Below, veins rather
pale yellow. Unh pale streak along vein 6 whitish, absent
in 9. 6 F 14 mm.
sapala Godman 1goo: 3 Panama: type B.M.: figured. Fig
Seitz.
B.M. 1 3 Panama. 1 9 S. Peru (Uruhasi).
13a (11b). Unh veins not conspicuously paler.
13 (14). 6 F 12 mm. Upf double spot in space 1b. Uph
plain. Unh white stripe along vein 6. Clasp as sapala.
154
J.36. PAPIAS
paramus Bell 1947: $ Colombia: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 $ Colombia.
14 (13). ¢ F 13 mm. Upf single spot in space 1b: spots
yellow: ochreous scaling on costa, in space 1b and over
most of uph, paler over the streak of the unh. Unf apex
and costa ochreous-brown, rest black, no spot in space rb.
Unh ochreous-brown: the streak along vein 6 broad,
yellow.
hesia Hewitson 1870: 3§ Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 Ecuador.
J.35. MOLLA Evans (p. 88): type molla Evans: fixed by
ALGHOES: \",.
Differs from Papzas in respect of the broader wings, dor-
sum F > apex H at end of vein 6: the genitalia with a
slender, tapering, undivided uncus and a very short divided
gnathos. No secondary sexual characters. Nudum 4/9:
antennae half costa.
Single species. ¢ F 16mm. Above, dark brown: upf with
faint pale spots in spaces 3 and 6: cilia brownish-yellow F,
dark brown H. Unf dark brown, costa and apex ferru-
ginous, violet scaling along termen below apex. Unh
ferruginous, abdominal fold brown, violet scaling, 14 mm.
wide, along termen to vein 2, interior to which there is an
irregular reddish band, paler than the ferruginous ground.
Palpi brown and grey. Antennal club and apiculus white,
below.
molla nov: $ Castro, Parana: E. D. Jones: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 Parana.
J.36. PAPIAS Godman igoo: type subcostulata Herrich-
Schaffer: fixed by author as znfuscata Plotz, which he
admitted to be a wrong identification in 1907 and substituted
integra Mabille, which is a sub-species of subcostulata.
Antennae rather > 4 costa: nudum 2/9-4/9. Palpi
slender, third segment typically short, conical. Mid tibiae
spined. No secondary sexual characters. Uncus generally
quadrifid. Above, unmarked. Below, may be spotted and
Att.——0 i 155
-J.36. PAPIAS
have pale veins. Cheeks and outer edge of palpi generally
orange to yellow.
la (10). Palpi short, stout, conical as usual.
I (2a). Antennal shaft conspicuously chequered yellow
and black. Much paler brown than rest of genus. ¢ F
13 mm. Frons yellowish and a yellow spot against base
of antennae on either side of head. Below, pale brown:
unf outer half of space 1b whitish.
quigua nov: ¢ Les Quigues, Esteban Valley, N. Venezuela:
type B.M.
BV. 3 2.9 Venezuela.
2a (1). Antennal shaft plain black or obscurely chequered.
2b (7a). Small, expanse not > 15 mm. F.
2 (3a). Below, veins paler than ground, rather faint yellow
(2 whitish) discal spots on both wings. Unh more or less
purple glossed. g¢ F 14 mm.
sobrinus Schaus 1902: ¢ Rio de Janeiro.
Synonyms. ignarus Bell 1932: 3 Bolivia: genitalia figured.
larias Bell 1941: $ Fr Guiana: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 9 Costa Rica. 1 2 Colombia. 5 3 3 2 Br Guiana.
1 $ Fr Guiana. 1 2 Para. 1 $ Peru (Chambertyacu). 1 3
Uruguay.
3a (2). Below, veins not paler than ground.
3b (6). Unh and apex unf chocolate.
3 (4a). Unf and unh no traces of discal spots. ¢ F 14 mm.
Form of clasp abnormal.
projectus Bell 1942: ¢ Ecuador: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
4a (3). Unf or unh with traces of spots.
4 (5). Unf no traces of discal spots, dorsum to vein 2
paler. Unh small discal spots of yellow scales more or less
developed in spaces 2-6. Uncus and gnathos arms conni-
vent. $ F 14 mm.
phainis Godman 1900: 3 Mexico: type BM: figured ¢$
genitalia.
Synonyms. ctyanus Schaus 1goo: ‘Trinidad.
monus Bell 1942: 3 Br Guiana: genitalia figured.
B.M. 5 6 1 2 Mexico. 1 ¢ Guatemala. 3 ¢ 1/9 Gost
156
J.36. PAPIAS
Rica. 4 3 Br Guiana. 1 g Ecuador (Chimbo). 1 3 Peru
(Yahuarmayo). 2 3 Bolivia (Santa Cruz). 1 ¢ Para. 3 3
Matto Grosso. 2 ¢ Parana. 2 $ Espirito Santo.
5 (4). Unf with faint yellow discal spots in spaces 2 and 3.
Unh may be faint traces of discal spots. Uncus and
gnathos arms wide apart. ¢ F 14 mm.
_ phaeomelas Geyer 1831: 3 Brazil: figured.
Synonyms. atramentarius Mabille 1883: Cayenne.
microsema Godman 1900: g§ Mexico: type B.M.: figured
3 and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 2 51 2 Mexico. 1 § Guatemala. 1 5 1 2 Nicaragua.
2 $ Costa Rica. 1 § Trinidad. 8 $1 2? Br Guiana. 1 $29
Henauor. 1-41 9:-Para.
6 (3b). Unh and apex unf ferruginous. Unh often with
yellowish discal spots. Unf dorsum paler and quite fre-
quently with a small hyaline dot in space 6. A conspicuous
spur at back of cuiller. ¢ F 15 mm.
dictys Godman 1900: $ Guatemala: type B.M.: figured 3
and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. scapa Evans 1937: 3S “‘Cameroons”’: type
B.M.: ¢ and genitalia figured. Locality error.
B.M. 6 ¢ 2 2 Mexico. 5 g 1 2 Guatemala. 6 $ Hon-
duras. 1 ¢ Nicaragua. 13 g 2 2 Costa Rica. 2 g Panama.
6 3 7 2 Ecuador (Paramba).
7a (2b). Expanse > 15 mm. Wings more produced.
7b (g). Cuiller of clasp projecting beyond the valva.
7 (8). Abdomen below whitish. ¢ F 16-18 mm.
subcostulata. 2 sub-species.
(a). Below, dark brown, sometimes with a ferruginous
tinge: rarely traces of discal spots unh.
Sub-sp. integra Mabille 1891: Honduras: MS fig of type in
B.M. Fig Seitz: Godman & Salvin as infuscata 3 and
genitalia. |
B.M. 17 3 4 9 Mexico. 5 ¢ 2 2 Guatemala. 8 3 Costa
Rica. 10 $ 2 2 Colombia. 6 g 2 9 Venezuela. 1 gd 1 9
Br Guiana. 1 $ Surinam. 10 ¢ 2 9 Ecuador (Paramba,
Rio Pastaza). }
(b). Below, veins more or less finely pale: may be whitish
ms)
J.37. COBALOPSIS
spots in spaces 3 and 6 unf and 2-6 unh. The 2 sub-
species overlap.
Sub-sp. subcostulata Herrich-Schaffer 1870: ? loc. Fig
Seitz.
B.M. 5 612 Peru(Pozuzo. Ucayali). 1 $ Bolivia (Santa
Cruz). 6 $ Upper Amazons (Iquitos. St Paulo d’Olivenca).
6 $22 Para. 1 $6 1 9 Minas Geraes. 1 § Matto Grosso.
1 ¢ Rio. 1 2 Paraguay.
8 (7). Abdomen below, dark brown. $ F 18-z20mm. Below,
dark reddish-brown, paler towards dorsum F. Unf and
unh small spots of golden scales in spaces 3 and 6. Cilia
ochreous.
nigrans Schaus 1913: ¢ Costa Rica: figured.
B.M. 1 2 Mexico. 2 ¢ 1 2 Guatemala. 1 ¢ 1 2 Costa
Rica. 1 2 Colombia.
9 (7b). Cuiller of clasp not projecting. Unmarked: dorsum
unf paler. g F 20 mm.
tristissimus Schaus 1902: 3 Peru. Fig Landes 1925, ¢ and
genitalia.
B.M. None. '
10 (1a). Palpi slender, not conical: short. ¢ F 16 mm.
Unmarked.
proximus Bell 1934: 3 Peru: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 & Venezuela. 1 6 Trinidad. 1 61 2 Br Guiana.
J.37. COBALOPSIS Godman 1900: type autumna Plétz:
fixed by author as edda Mabille, which is a synonym of
autumna.
Very closely allied to Papias, from which it is separated
primarily by having the forewing spotted: the antennae are
typically shorter = 4 wing, nudum 3/9. No secondary sexual
characters.
la (10a). Unh markings inconspicuous or absent.
tb (9). Upf discal spots white or absent.
1 (2a). Unh unmarked. Upf spots in spaces 3, 6 and 7.
Unf apex and costa and all unh reddish-grey. ¢ F 15 mm.
dedecora Plétz: La Guaria. Fig Seitz.
B.M. None.
158
J.37. COBALOPSIS
2a (1). Unh with pale spots.
2 (3a). Unh with faint blue spots in spaces 2-6 on an
ochreous-brown ground. Upf small hyaline white dots in
spaces 3 and 6. Unf also a narrow crescentic spot in
space 3 and a spot in space 4. g¢ F 17 mm.
latonia Schaus 1913: 3 Costa Rica: type B.M.: figured.
B.M. Only the type.
3a (2). Unh the spots white.
3b (5a). Upf with an upper cell spot.
3 (4). Unh brown. $ F 18mm. Upf spots in spaces 2, 3,
6, 7 (and sometimes 8). Unf faint double whitish spot in
space 1b. Unh spots in spaces 2-6. 2 upf with much
enlarged spots, also 2 in cell and opaque spot in space rb,
which 1s large unf.
autumna Pl6tz 1883: C. America. Fig Seitz as pelora,
which he put as = autumna, but which really is the
Oriental species Pelopidas conjuncta Herrich-Schaffer.
Synonym. edda Mabille 1891: $ Chiriqui. Fig Godman
_& Salvin, 3, 2 and genitalia.
B.M. 3 1 2 Mexico. 1 3 1 9 Guatemala. 1 ¢ Br Guiana.
1 2 Upper Amazons. 1 2 S. Brazil (Novo Friborgo).
4 (3). Unh grey or yellowish-grey with faintly paler veins.
36 F 17mm. Spotting as for autumna, but 2 has only a
single, upper cell spot unf, where the apex and costa are
coloured as the unh.
nero Herrich-Schaffer 1869: 2 ? loc.
Synonyms. /emur Mabille 1883: Fr Guiana.
cinerita Plotz 1886: Brazil. Fig Seitz.
dyscritus Mabille 1891: $ Rio San Juan. Fig Godman
& Salvin, 3 genitalia: Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
eva Wiexico. 3 4 1 2 Costa Rica, 3 ¢: 12 Panama.
6 g 1 2 Colombia. 12 $49 Venezuela. 24 $1 9 Trinidad.
Se or Guiana 1? Fr Guiana, 17 3 15 2 Meuador
(Paramba. Bellavista). 2 3 Peru (Rio Colorado. Chan-
chamayo). 1 6 1 @ Para. 1 § Minas Geraes. 2 3 4 9
Bahia. 2 $2258. Brazil (Parana. Rio. Sao Paulo. Santa
Catharina). 3 g 1 2 Paraguay.
5a (3b). Upf no cell spot.
5b (8). Unh no pale spot at end of cell.
we,
J.37. COBALOPSIS
5c (7). Palpi below, grey and brown, as usual.
5 (6). Unf no pale area in space 1b. g¢ F 15 mm. Upf
hyaline white spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8. Unf apex and
costa yellowish-grey with paler veins: unh similar with
white spots in spaces 2-6.
vorgia Schaus 1902: ¢ Castro, Parana. Fig Seitz.
6
B.M. 6 3725. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Parana. Petropolis).
(5). Unf with a more or less conspicuous pale area in
space Ib. $ F 14 mm. A confusingly variable species.
Darkest form is unmarked dark brown, above. Unf apex
and costa ochreous-brown, unmarked except for a dull
whitish discal area in space 1b. Unh ochreous-brown,
purple glossed, with small white discal spots. ‘This grades
to a paler form with hyaline spots upf in spaces 2, 3, 6
(and 7): unh paler brown and conspicuously paler veins.
The 2 is spotted above and has an opaque whitish spot in
space 1b: unf the pale area in space 1b is much enlarged
in the dark form.
potaro Williams & Bell 1931: ¢ Surinam: figured ¢ and
genitalia.
Synonym. elegans Hayward 1940: $ Ecuador: figure of
genitalia.
B.M. 1 ¢ Costa Rica. 1 g¢ 1 9 Panama. 3 ¢ Colombia.
2 6 Venezuela. 11 $6 2 2 Trinidad. 16 $ 6 2 Br Guiana.
1 § Fr Guiana. 4 ¢ 1 2 Ecuador (Paramba. Rio Pastaza.
Zamora). I 3 3 @ Peru (Carabaya). 2 $ 1 9 Para. 1 9
Bahia. 1 g 1 2 Matto Grosso. 6 § 1 9S. Brazil (Parana.
Sao Paulo. Espirito Santo). 1 ¢ 1 2 Paraguay.
7 (5c). Palpi below, fulvous. Upf hyaline spots in spaces 2, |
3 and 6-8. Unh brown, veins rather paler, faint discal
white spots. ¢ F 18 mm.
zetus Bell 1942: $ Mexico: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
8 (5b). Unh with a pale spot before end cell: otherwise
marked much as zetus. Palpi fulvous and brown. ¢ F
16 mm.
venias Bell 1942: 3 Venezuela: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
160
J.37. COBALOPSIS
9 (1b). Upf shining brown, ochreous scaling on costa, base
and disc, forming faint spots in spaces rb and 2-8. Uph
ochreous hairs. Unf costa and apex brownish-ochreous,
spots from upperside vestigial. Unh brownish-ochreous,
traces of large discal spots. Antennae ochreous below:
palpi brownish-ochreous. Clasp of genitalia long, curved,
slender. ¢ F 16 mm.
- prospa nov: ¢ Sao Paulo: R. Spitz: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Sao Paulo. 2 ¢ Parana.
10a (1a). Unh markings conspicuous, of alternating pale and
dark bands.
1ob (12). Upf at most a small upper spot in cell.
ro (11). Unh outer pale spot in space 7 conjoined to the
spot in space 6. ¢ F 15 mm. Upf small white hyaline
spots in spaces 2, 3, 6 and 7 (also 8 in 2), an upper cell dot
and in 9 spot in space 1b. Unf no spot in space 1b, faintly
whiter there in 2: faint suffused spots in spaces 4 and 5,
near termen in 9. Unh brown with large paler brown
markings, discal band in spaces 1c-5, large outer spot in
cell and a spot at base of space 7.
prado nov: ¢ El Prado: E. A. Britton: type B.M.
Povinewns type. loc. 2.6 no lec. 1 2, Rio Grande..1 2
Argentine.
[1 (zo). Unh outer pale spot in space 7 not conjoined to the
spot in space 6. ¢ F16mm. Upf conspicuous white spots,
opaque in space rb, hyaline in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8: may be
faint opaque spots near termen in spaces 4 and 5 showing
through from unf. Uph may be faint discal spots showing
through from unh. Unf dark brown, costa with ochreous
scaling: small upper cell spot, which may show upf: spots
near termen in spaces 4 and 5 more or less clear, beyond
which to termen and apex there is some grey scaling. Unh
dark brown with a broad sub-basal and discal grey band
between spaces 1c and 7.
catocala Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
Bavi eso Upper: Amazons: 1,4 )Espisito Santo.,.1 2
Argentine.
12 (rob). Upf 2 cell spots, as well as hyaline white spots in
spaces 2, 3 and 6-8 and an opaque spot in space 1b. Uph
161
J.38. ARITA
faint pale macular discal band. Unf may be a white discal
area in space 1b and a pale area near termen in spaces 4-5.
Unh dark brown with a pale brown, whitish edged, macu-
lar band from space Ic to space 5: also a similar central
band from before end cell with a branch to mid space 7
and another to base space 7. g F 12 mm.
dagon nov: ¢ Paraguay, Sapucay: Sept 1902: W. Foster:
type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 2 2 Paraguay.
J.38. ARITA Evans (p. 89): type arita Schaus: fixed by
author. ,
Resembles Cobalopsis in respect of the antennal club, palpi,
spined mid tibiae and absence of secondary sexual characters.
Differs in that vein 1a H is typically longer than vein rb: the
genitalia with an undivided uncus: antennae longer than half
costa.
| (2). ¢ F 15-16 mm. Above, dark brown: cilia grey on H.
Upf hyaline white spots, narrow and oblique in space 2,
dot in spaces 3 and 6, may be 1 or 2 dots in cell: 2 has an
opaque spot in space 1b, spot in space 2 rounder, addi-
tional apical dot in space 7. Below, paler brown, apex F
and all H may have a purple gloss. Unf whitish suffused
discal area in space 1b. Unh small yellow spots in cell and
in spaces 1c—6: spots whiter in 9. Antennae shaft plain,
yellow under club. Palpi grey and brown, orange at side
against eye.
arita Schaus 1902: Trinidad.
Synonym. musa Kaye 1913: 2 Trinidad: type B.M.:
figured.
B.M. 1. ¢ Colombia. 29 ¢ 11 2 Trinidad. 5 Giaueaie
Guiana. 2 3 4 2 Ecuador (Paramba). 1 ¢ Peru (Ama-
zones). 1 ¢ Upper Putumayo. : 2 Para. 5 $1 9 S. Brazil
(Parana. Sao Paulo. Santa Catharina. Joinville). 1 9
Argentine.
2 (1). ¢F 13mm. Above, brown, cilia paler. Upf ochreous
scaling on costa: hyaline spots in spaces 2 (quadrate), 3
and 6, opaque in spaces 1b, 7 and 8, more or less well
marked. Unf dark brown, apex and costa ochreous-brown
162
J.39. LEREMA
with faint purple gloss: markings as on upf, but spot in
space 1b may be larger. Unh ochreous-brown with a
strong purple gloss: small, inconspicuous yellow spots on
disc and in cell: exterior to the discal spots, the wing is
darker due to the greyish-ochreous scaling over the rest of
the wing, including the abdominal fold right up to the
termen. Antennal shaft chequered and yellow under the
entire club.
serra nov: ¢ Alte de Serra, Sao Paulo: April 1925: R. Spitz:
type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 Sao Paulo. 1 ¢ Paraguay.
J.39. LEREMA Scudder 1872: type accius Abbot & Smith:
fixed by author.
Synonym. “Sarega Mabille 1904: type lumina Herrich-
Schaffer: sole species included was staurus Mabille, which
is a synonym of lumina.
Antennae about half costa: nudum 2/9-4/9. Palpi slender,
third segment short, conical. Mid tibiae spined. 3 upf with
a compact, broad, tripartite stigma from base vein 3 to vein I.
Genitalia quadrifid, like Papias: seen ventrally uncus and
genathos deeply divided.
la (5a). F vein 2 origin nearer to vein 3 than to base.
I (2a). Unf sub-apical spots in spaces 6, 7, 8 and g in addi-
tion to the white dashes on costa in spaces 8, 9, 10 and 11.
Unf below apex with conspicuous violet scaling, also on
unh at base and before termen. g¢ F 15 mm.
lumina Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
Synonyms. bipunctata Mabille 1889: Chiriqui: figured.
Fig Godman & Salvin, 3, venation and genitalia.
staurus Mabille 1904: g¢ Colombia: type B.M.
B.M. 5 3 4 ¢ Guatemala. 13 ¢ 4 2 Costa Rica. 4 3
Panama. 24 ¢ 2 2? Colombia.
2a (1). Unf no sub-apical spot in space 9g.
2 (3a). Unh variegated with pale and dark areas, no small
white discal spots: resembles lumina. 3 F 16-18 mm.
accius. 2 sub-species.
(a). Generally smaller and better marked. End of cuiller
rounded. Very variable.
163
J.39. LEREMA
Sub-sp. accius Abbot & Smith 1797: Georgia: figured. Fig
Holland: Seitz: genitalia by Godman & Salvin and by
Lindsey, Bell & Williams.
Synonyms. monoco Scudder 1863: Connecticut.
punctella Grote & Robinson 1867: 3 Georgia.
nortonu Edwards 1867: New Orleans.
parumpunctata Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
pattenu Scudder 1872: g$ Guatemala.
phocylides Plotz 1883: 2 La Guaria.
chamis Scudder 1889: = accius.
curtius Scudder 1889: = accuus.
B.M. 46 6412 U.S.A. 42 39 2 Mexico. 1 3 Honduras.
1 g Nicaragua. 1 ¢ 1 2 Costa Rica. 1 ¢ Panama. 1 ¢
Venezuela.
(b). Larger and plainer. End of cuiller flatter and broader.
More constant.
‘Sub-sp. lochius Pl6tz 1883: ¢ La Guaria. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. dido Plotz 1883: 2 Venezuela.
? miqua Dyar 1913: Peru.
B.M. i ¢ 1 2 Guatemala. 2 ¢ 1 2 Costa) Rigaaee
Colombia. 4 ¢ 2 2 Venezuela. 1 $ Porto Real.
3a (2). Unh plain brown, with more or less well-defined
small whitish discal spots.
3 (4). Unf with at least traces of 3 apical spots: discal
spots in spaces 2 and 3 present in 9, rarely in g. End of
cuiller of clasp oblique, produced. ¢ F 16 mm.
ancillaris. 2 sub-species.
(a). Darker, particularly unh, where sometimes there is a
pale central area as in accius. ‘Tip of cuiller blunt.
Sub-sp. liris nov: ¢ Mexico, Atoyac, Vera Cruz: type B.M.
B.M. 9 3 Mexico. 2 ¢ Guatemala. 3 ¢ Ruatan Is,
Honduras. 3 ¢ Honduras. 2 $ Nicaragua. 2 $ Costa
Rica.
(b). Paler: unh rather pale ochreous-brown. Tip of
cuiller sharply pointed.
Sub-sp. ancillaris Butler 1877: ¢ Amazons: type B.M. Fig
Hayward 1951, 2 and ¢ genitalia.
Synonyms. mulla Plotz 1886: Surinam. Fig Seitz.
mooreana Dyar 1914: 3 Br Guiana.
164
J.40. MORYS
B.M. 6 3 Panama. 1 g 1 9 Colombia. 11 ¢ Venezuela.
2 $ Trinidad. 1 $ Tobago. 1 g 3 2 Br Guiana (bred on
sugar-cane). 2 $ Ecuador (Loja. Manabi). 1 ¢ Peru
(Elen). 2 ¢ Amazons.
4 (3). Unf no traces of apical spots: 2, and rarely 3, has
white spots in spaces 2 and 3. Unh dull pale brown.
_ Cuiller narrow, end rounded and tip pointed. ¢ F 16mm.
lineosa Herrich-Schaffer 1865: ¢ Brazil: described in his
description of Goniloba singularis.
bonle nin 6. tS. Colombias 1,137.19) Be Guianay 2 3
Fr Guiana. 1 $ Para. 1 § Matto Grosso. 5 ¢ Brazil (Porto
Real).
5a (1a). F vein 2 origin nearer to base than to vein 3.
5 (6). Above and below, unmarked dark brown. 3¢ F
16 mm. Cuiller much produced and pointed.
lenta nov: ¢ Itanhaen, Sao Paulo: May 1928: R. Spitz:
type B.M.
B.M. 3 3 Sao Paulo.
6 (5). Upf generally with small yellow hyaline spots in
spaces 3 and 6: 2 also in spaces 2 and 7. Below, ferru-
ginous brown: unh generally with yellow spots in spaces 3
and 6, sometimes also in spaces 5 and 7. In 2 spots upf
and unh are white. ¢ F 18-20 mm.
elgina Schaus 1902: ¢ Novo Friborgo.
B.M. 14 6 1 2S. Brazil (Espirito Santo. Caraca. Rio.
Novo Friborgo. Sao Paulo).
Not identified in B.M. Described in Lerema:—
7 coyana Schaus 1902: ¢ Petropolis. Upf tinged green at
base: hyaline dots in spaces 3 and 6. Unh red-brown:
small whitish spots in spaces 2, 3 and 7. ¢ F 16 mm.
8 viridis Bell 1942: 3 Ecuador, Bafios. Unmarked. Unf
costa and apex yellow-green, also unh which has a narrow
hazy discal band of whitish spots and a cell spot. ¢ F
16 mm.
J.40. MORYS Godman 1900: type valerius Moschler: sole
species included by author.
165
J.40. MORYS
Synonym. Euroto Godman 1900: type compta Butler: fixed
by author.
Resembles Lerema in respect of antennae, palpi, legs and
the quadrifid genitalia. Differs in the form of the secondary
sexual characters: instead of having a compact broad stigma,
there are brands of various types or an incomplete stigma.
The species are smaller than those in Lerema.
la(6a). 3 upf the part of the brand above vein 2 is appressed
to the cubitus.
tb (4a). 3 upf the part of the brand above vein 2 extends
from the origin of vein 3 to the origin of vein 2.
1 (2a). 3 upf 2 parallel brands under vein 2. ¢ F 14 mm.
Upf with hyaline spots. Unf apex violet. Unh violet with
faint discal white spots.
valerius. 2 sub-species.
(a). Darker and spots reduced. Upf no cell spot, none in
space 8, nor in space 1b (dot in 2). Unf no pale area in
space 1b: whitish lower spot in 9.
Sub-sp. valda nov: ¢ Valladolid, Yucatan: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 4 2 Mexico. 1 9 Honduras.
(b). Upf opaque white spot in space 1b, hyaline spots in
spaces 2, 3 and 6-8 (in line) and usually an upper cell dot.
Unf conspicuous whitish area in space 1b.
Sub-sp. valerius Méschler 1878: 2 Colombia. Fig Godman
& Salvin, 3, genitalia, venation: Seitz: Hayward 1951, 3
and genitalia.
Synonym. cerdo Godman 1900: = valertus.
B.M. 1 ¢ Colombia. 3 ¢ Venezuela. 7 g¢ 2 2 Trinidad.
2 § 2 2 Amazons (Santarem). 1 2 Matto Grosso.
2a (1). 3 upf a single long brand under vein 2. ¢ F 14 mm.
2 (3). Cuiller of clasp broad, very like Lerema acctus.
compta. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf dark brown, markings absent or vestigial. Unf
costa and apex, and all unh reddish-brown. Unh veins
not paler than ground, discal spots faint. 92 may have
small spots, as in compta, on upf.
Sub-sp. micythus Godman 1goo: 3 Mexico: type B.M.:
figured 3 and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
166
J.40. MORYS
Synonym. incompta Hayward 1941: $ Ecuador: genitalia
figured.
B.M. 4 3 2 2 Mexico. 7 $ Honduras. 2 $ Nicaragua.
5 ¢ Costa Rica. 4 6 1 9 Panama. 4 $ Colombia. 24 3 2 2
Ecuador (Paramba).
(b). Paler. Upf hyaline white spots in spaces 2, 3, 6
(or 6-8). Unf costa and apex ochreous-brown: paler in
space tb. Unh ochreous-brown, more or less well-marked
suffused pale spots in spaces 1c—6 and a spot in cell: veins
may be slightly paler than ground.
_Sub-sp. compta Butler 1877: $ Amazons: type B.M. Fig
Hayward 1951, 2 and ¢ genitalia. Figs by Godman &
Salvin and Seitz are of gersa.
Synonyms. aethra Plétz 1886: 2 Surinam. Fig Seitz.
simplicissima Kaye 1913: 3 ‘Trinidad: figured.
B.M. 643 Venezuela. 19 ¢ 22 Trinidad. 14 ¢ Br Guiana.
Ig Surinam. 4 $ Fr Guiana. 1 $ Peru (Yahua Territory).
10 g¢ 2 2 Amazons (Iquitos—Obidos). 17 3 9 2 Para. 3 ¢
Pernambuco. 1 5 1 2 Minas Geraes. 1,6 12 Rio. 4 ¢
Paraguay.
3 (2). Cuiller of clasp long and slender.
geisa. 2 sub-species.
(a). Above, unmarked dark brown. Unf costa and apex
dark ferruginous brown: violet scaling from apex to vein 2:
Q paler discal area in spaces 1a and rb. Unh dark ferru-
ginous brown: macular violet discal band; violet scaling
along mid termen: cell violet. @ may have small hyaline
dots in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8 upf.
Sub-sp. lyde Godman 1900: $ Mexico: type B.M.: figured
¢ and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 36 g 11 2 Mexico. 2 ¢ Guatemala. 2 $ Honduras.
1 g Costa Rica.
(b). Paler. Upf hyaline white spots in spaces 2, 3, 6-8
and an upper cell spot (rarely 2). Unf apex and costa, and
all unh with more or less of a purple gloss and pale veins.
Unf pale area in space 1b. Unh macular pale discal band,
pale spot at end cell, whence the cell is paler basad: before
termen, may be pale streaks between the pale veins. ‘The
unh variation is very great.
167
J.40. MORYS
Sub-sp. geisa Méschler 1878: $ Colombia. Fig as compta
by Godman & Salvin, 3, genitalia, venation: Seitz. Fig
as geisa by Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonyms. etelka Schaus 1902: 3 Trinidad.
silvia Kaye 1914: $ Trinidad: figured: type B.M.
B.M. 5 $292 Panama. 6 $ Colombia. 7 3 3 2 Venezuela.
4 6 Trinidad. 5 $ 2 2 Br Guiana. 1 $1 9 Surinam. 3 ¢
Fr Guiana. 2 ¢ 1 2 Ecuador (Cachabe. Quito). 1 ¢ Peru.
45292 “oacuge (Iquitos—Para). 2 $ Bahia. 1 ¢ Minas
Geraes. 3 3 S. Brazil (Rio. Itaparica. Santa Catharina).
43 rene
4a (1b). 3 upf, part of the brand above vein 2 not extending
to origin of vein 3.
4 (5). 3 upf 2 small brands under vein 2.
subgrisea. 2 sub-species.
(a). Smaller, ¢ F 13 mm. Upf pale opaque spots in
spaces 2, 3 and 6-8 better marked and 2 cell spots, at least
visible on unf. Unh. grey scaling less pronounced, faint
macular discal band.
Sub-sp. prada nov: ¢ Angostura, Moe type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 Venezuela.
(b). Larger, ¢ F 15 mm.: wings more rounded. Unf apex
and costa, and on all unh, conspicuous grey scaling: discal
spots unh very faint.
Sub-sp. subgrisea Mabille 1897: 3 Bolivia: figured.
Synonym. tupaci Lindsey 1925: 3 Peru: genitalia figured.
B.M. 4 3 Bolivia (Tanampaya). 1 ¢ Matto Grosso. 1 3
Goyaz.
5 (4). 3 upf short, nearly conjoined, brands above and
below base vein 2. Wing shape and general appearance
of valerius. Upf dark brown: ochreous scaling on basal
half of costa and dorsum: small opaque yellow spot in
space 1b; hyaline spots in spaces 2 and 3 and dots in
space 6 and upper cell. Unf apex and costa and all H
ochreous-brown: unf faint whitish area in space 1b: unh
pale yellow small spots in spaces 2, 3, 5 and in end cell.
Antennae yellow below on base of club. ¢ F 14 mm.
sinta nov: ¢ Obidos, Amazons: type B.M.
B.M. 1 $ Obidos. 2 ¢ Para.
168
J.41. CUMBRE
6a (1a). 3S upf the part of the brand above vein 2 is not
appressed to the cubitus: it is more like a stigma, which
has a section below vein 2, but none above vein 1, or at
most a tiny dot.
6 (7). Unh greenish-ochreous “Avie faint white discal spots.
3 F 14 mm. Upf sub-hyaline yellow spots in spaces 2
fomiaue) and 3; faint in spaces 1b and 6. Unf apex and
costa greenish-ochreous: dull whitish area in space rb.
subviridis Hayward 1940: 3 Ecuador, Bafios: genitalia
figured.
B.M. 1 3 paratype (presented by author).
7 (6). Unh purple glossed, veins yellow, bluish-white discal
spots in spaces 2-6. ¢ F 16 mm. Upf dark brown;
opaque yellow dot in space 1b; small hyaline spots in
spaces 2 (oblique), 3;.6 and: 2°in‘ cell) Unt apex with
strong purple gloss, veins yellow: faint pale spot in space
tb. A well-marked specimen of geisa from Venezuela is
exactly like yahua except for the stigma and the genitalia.
yahua nov: ¢ Yahuarmayo, Peru: Watkins: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
J.41. CUMBRE Evans (p. 89): type cumbre Schaus: fixed
by author.
Antennae rather more than half costa: nudum 4/9: shaft
chequered and pale yellow under entire club. Palpi slender:
third segment short, conical. Mid tibiae spined. ¢ upf with
a sagittate brand over origin vein 2. Uncus not divided.
Above, the 3 species are alike in having conspicuous hyaline
spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8 in ¢: also opaque spot in space
Ib in 9.
| (2. 3). ¢ F 15 mm. Unf costa reddish-brown, apex and
termen to vein 3 dark grey. Unh greyish-brown, central
third darker: faint pale spots in spaces 1c—7 and there may
be a spot at end cell.
cumbre Schaus 1902: ¢ Petropolis. Fig Hayward 1938 and
1951, ¢ and genitalia.
Synonym. meridionalis Hayward 1934: 9 Argentine:
figured. Fig Hayward 1951, 9.
169
J.42. ADLERODEA
B.M. 11 3 2 2 8S. Brazil (Petropolis. Parana. Santa
Catharina). 1 3 Paraguay.
2 (1. 3). ¢6 F 14mm. Darker. Unh central dark area faint
or obsolete and discal spots faint.
triumviralis Hayward 1938: 3 Argentine: figured. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 10 g 14 2 Argentine.
3 (1. 2). ¢ F 16 mm. Upf may be an opaque spot in
space 1 b.
belli. 2 sub-species.
(a). Differs from bell in the conspicuous intensification
of the violet scaling below, along the termen F and H and
over the basal half unh.
Sub-sp. eberti nov: g Minas Geraes: Bergland um Ouro
Preta, Fazenda Barcellos, 1100 M: 14th Sept., 1952:
HH, Ebert.
B.M. 2 ¢ 1 2 type loc.
(b). Below, very much redder. Unf costa red: violet-
grey border along termen from apex to vein2. Unh
entirely reddish except for the broad violet-grey border
before the termen: discal spots suffused, faint: central
darker area may be absent. Clasp of genitalia very
different.
Sub-sp. belli Hayward 1939: 3g Argentine: figured. Fig
Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 4612S. Brazil (Parana. Petropolis).
J.422. ADLERODEA Hayward 1940: type modesta Hay-
ward: sole species included.
_ Antennae long, > 4 costa: nudum 3/g. Palpi and legs as
Tigasis. F vein 5 not decurved at origin. $ upf with brands
and not a stigma. Brown species without con
markings.
la (4). 3 upf long brands above and below vein 2 and over
vein 1. Antennae yellow under base club.
- 1b (3). Above, brown, no trace of markings.
EK): Antennal shaft plain. Below, sparse white scaling
at apex unf and on unh. Palpi white and brown. ¢ F
14 mm. Aedoeagus serrate at end.
170
J.43. PSORALIS
modesta Hayward 1940: $ Argentine: genitalia figured.
Figs by Hayward 1951 are of petrovna.
B.M. None. (Type examined, but not genitalia.)
2 (1). Antennal shaft chequered. ¢ F 16 mm. Aedoeagus
not serrate at end. Otherwise as modesta.
petrovna Schaus 1902: ¢$ Petropolis. Fig Hayward 1951,
genitalia as modesta: fig of 3 imago might apply to either
modesta or petrovna.
B.M. 1 ¢ Petropolis.
3 (1b). Upf small olive spots in spaces 2 and 3. Unh
olivaceous-brown, black spots in spaces 2 and 4. Brands
as in petrovna. $ F 14 mm.
astiga Schaus 1902: $ Castro, Parana.
B.M. None.
4 (1a). 3 upf long brand against cubitus between origins of
veins 3 and 2: long brand under vein 2: uph long hairs
along space 1b. ¢ F 14 mm. Antennal shaft and club
plain brown. Palpi yellow and brown, cheeks pale yellow.
Above and below, plain brown with sparse white scaling.
Aedoeagus ending in a complex process.
lemba nov: ¢ St Paulo d’Olivenca, Amazon: A. Miles
Moss: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
J.43. PSORALIS Mabille 1904: type zdee Weeks: sole
species included was sabaeus Mabille, which is a synonym
of zdee.
Generally resembles Lerema in respect of the antennae,
palpi, legs and the broad stigma upf in the g. Differs in
respect of the genitalia, where the uncus is undivided instead
of quadrifid.
la (3a). Unh variegated. 3 stigma black.
1 (2). Unf no conspicuous whitish discal area in space 1b.
3 F 15 mm. Wings broad. Above, unmarked: incon-
spicuous ochreous scaling: cilia chequered black and
ochreous. Unf dark brown: sparse ochreous scaling on
costa and apex: paler area in space 1b and at termen
beyond end cell: white dots in spaces 2 and 6-8, which
A.H.—12 17a
J.43. PSORALIS
may be absent. Unh dark brown with a broad paler
ochreous band on disc, inwardly edged black spots and
similar large, obscure, pale spots in cell and base space 7.
idee Weeks 1901: 3 La Paz. Figured Weeks 1906.
Synonyms. artiet Weeks 1901: 3 Coroico. Fig Weeks
1906.
sabaeus Mabille 1904: 3 Bolivia: type B.M.
B.M. 3 3 1 2 Bolivia (Songo. Yungas—La Paz).
2 (1). Unf conspicuous whitish discal area in space 1b and
traces of spots in spaces 2 and 3. 9 upf with hyaline spots
in spaces 2, 3, 6 and 7. ¢ F 16 mm. Wings more pro-
duced. Other markings as in idee, of which it might be
considered a sub-species.
stacara Schaus 1902: ¢ Petropolis. Fig Hayward 1951.
Synonym. robiginosa Hayward 1940: 3g Argentine: ¢
genitalia figured (as robignosa).
B.M. 1 g “Honduras”. 22 6925. Brazil (Parana. Sao
Paulo. Petropolis. Novo Friborgo. Espirito Santo. Rio
Grande).
3a (1a). Unh plain, unmarked or with small pale discal spots.
3b (9). 3S upf stigma black.
3c (6a). Upf with hyaline spots in spaces 2 (oblique), 3
and 6.
3d (5). Uph dark brown, as usual.
3 (4). 3 Upf area between stigma and the discal spots
black: opaque yellow spot in space 1b. Unf some obscure
dark ochreous scaling on costa and apex: dorsum not
paler. Unh small spots of golden yellow scales in spaces
1c—7, some or all of which may be absent. ¢ F 17 mm.
exclamationis Mabille 1897: 3 Bolivia: type B.M.
Synonym. zenus Bell 1942: 3 Ecuador: genitalia figured.
B.M. 2 ¢ Colombia.:10 ¢ 7 2 Ecuador (Bafios. Rio
Pastaza. Balzapamba). 2 ¢ Bolivia (Songo. ‘Tanampaya).
4 (3). 3 upf area between the stigma and the discal spots
concolorous with the brown wing. Marked as in exclama-
tions but no spot in space 1b upf and spots upf larger,
particularly in 9. ¢ F 16 mm.
degener Pl6tz 1883: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
172
J.43. PSORALIS
Synonym. oenone Hayward 1940: 3 Ecuador: genitalia
figured. !
B.M. 2 S$ Colombia. 1 g¢ Venezuela. 13 3 1 2 Ecuador
(Loja. Ambato. R. Pastaza. R. Bamba. Zamora.
Balzapamba). 2 $ Peru (R. Tabaconas. Carabaya).
5 (3d). Uph red-brown except for costa and termen: also
on basal half upf. Upf long, oblique hyaline spot in
space 2, small in 3, dots in 6-8 (or only 6). Below, brown,
marked as above, but unh with faint pale dots on disc and
mcell. ¢ Ff r6 mm.
brunnescens Hayward 1939: ¢ Ecuador: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 $ Colombia (Cauca). 2 g 1 2 Ecuador (Chimbo.
La Chima).
6a (3c). Upf no hyaline spots.
6 (7a). 3 upf spots of a few yellow scales in spaces rb, 2,
3, 6 and area between discal spots and stigma blackened
as in exclamationis. Below, dark brown: costa and apex
unf and all unh dark ferruginous brown: traces of small
yellow spots in spaces 2 and 3 unf and 1c-6 unh. ¢ F
16 mm.
venta nov: ¢ Venezuela: type B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ Colombia. 2 ¢ Venezuela.
7a (6). 3 upf unmarked.
7 (8). Cilia concolorous with dark brown wing above.
Below, dark brown, costa and apex F and all H, except
abdominal fold, ferruginous. Antennal club all ochreous,
below, shaft black. g¢ F 15 mm.
rusta nov: 3 Venezuela: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 Venezuela.
8 (7). Cilia ochreous. $¢ F 16 mm. Above and below, un-
marked dark brown. Palpi dark ochreous and brown.
gota nov: ¢ Colombia: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
9 (3b). 3S upf stigma grey, conspicuous. ¢ F 16 mm.
Above, shining brown, may be tiny hyaline spots in spaces
3 and 6. Unf apex and costa, and all unh, ferruginous
brown: dots in spaces 3 and 6 unf: unh small yellow spots
173
J.44. TIGASIS
more or less developed in spaces 2-6 and end cell.
Antennal shaft plain, yellow under club.
ravus nov: 3 Sao Paulo: E. D. Jones: type B.M.
B.M. 6 3S. Brazil.
J.44. TIGASIS Godman 1goo: type zalates Godman: sole
species included.
Synonym. Alerema Hayward 1942: type aeteria Hayward:
sole species included.
Antennae long, longer than half costa: nudum 3/9—-4/9.
Palpi slender, third segment short, conical. Mid tibiae
spined. Wings produced: H vein 1a = or longer than vein
1b. 3 unf with a more or less complete stigma from base
vein 3 to vein 1. Uncus undivided. Rather small and
inconspicuously marked.
la (7a). Antennal shaft plain, not chequered.
tb (3a). Upf with hyaline spots.
1 (2). Upf hyaline spot in space 2 not elongate. ¢ F
I5 mm.
garima. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf small hyaline spots in spaces 1b (opaque), 2, 3,
6 and 2 in cell. Below, pale olive-brown: unf base blackish,
spot in space 1b larger: unh small whitish spot end cell
and 6 on disc. ¢ stigma slender, tripartite.
Sub-sp. garima Schaus 1902: ¢ Trinidad.
B.M. 3 ¢ Trinidad. 1 $ Ecuador (La Chima).
(b). Upf no spots in cell. Unh basal two-thirds pale
yellowish-brown, outer third brown: conspicuous yellow
spot in space tc, cell and discal spots faint.
Sub-sp. massarus Bell 1940: 3 S. Brazil: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 ¢ Minas Geraes. 1 ¢ Rio.
2 (1). Upf hyaline spot in space 2 elongate, also spots in
spaces 3 and 6. Below, dark brown: unf diffuse spot in
space 1b: unh small yellow spots in cell and on disc.
3 stigma faint. Genitalia as zalates. 3 F 18 mm.
akuris Bell 1942: $ Venezuela: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
3a (1b). Upf no hyaline spots: rarely a dot in space 3.
174
J.44. TIGASIS
3b (6). Unf pale spots in spaces 2 and 3 small or absent.
3c (5). 3o F 15-16 mm.
3 (4). Aedoeagus ending in a fine single point. Unmarked
dark brown, above: below, chocolate. Unf paler in space
tb discally. Unh small yellow spots end cell and on disc.
Antennal club below, basal half yellow. ¢ stigma, slender,
curved, tripartite.
_ zalates Godman 1goo: $ Costa Rica: type B.M.: figured
g$ and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 g Costa Rica. 1 $ Columbia (Manizales). 1 3
Ecuador (Balzapamba).
4 (3). Aedoeagus ending in a bifid tip. Similar to zalates,
but unh with a strong purple gloss (also at apex unf) and
the small yellow spots sharply defined. Antennal club
below, entirely yellow.
physcoa Hewitson 1868: $ Venezuela: type B.M.
bowie 2 3g Venezucla.
5 (3c). 36 F 20 mm. ¢ upf large and dark. Otherwise
resembles physcoa in appearance and genitalia: unh no
purple gloss.
colomus Bell 1941: $ Colombia: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
6 (3b). Unf whitish spot in space 2 large, also a sub-hyaline
dot in space 3. ¢ F 14 mm. Above, inconspicuous
ochreous scales on costa F and ochreous clothing H.
Below, costa and apex F and all H, ochreous-brown: unh
faint small yellowish discal spots. Stigma broad, lower
section absent.
fusca Hayward 1940: $ Argentine: genitalia figured. Fig
Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 ¢ Espirito Santo.
7a (1a). Antennal shaft chequered.
7b (11). Unh no central white area.
7 (8a). Unh plain brown, unmarked. $ F 12 mm. Above,
dark brown, cilia greyer. Upf inconspicuous yellow scaled
spots in spaces Ic, 2, 3 and 6. Unf black, apex and costa
brown; yellow spots in spaces 2 and 3. Stigma dark grey,
velvet-black at ends:
7S
J.45. VETTIUS
altona nov: 3 Sao Paulo, Alto da Serra: R. Spitz: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
8a (7). Unh with at least traces of discal spots.
8 (ga). Unh with ochreous-grey scaling, faint purple gloss
and vague small spots on disc and end cell. Upf faint
yellowish spots in spaces 2, 3, 6 and 7, appearing unf.
Cilia grey. ¢ F 15 mm. Stigma slender, short, straight.
simplex Bell 1930: g Paraguay: genitalia figured.
Synonym. aeteria Hayward 1942: $ Argentine: genitalia
figured. Fig Hayward 1951, d.and genitalia.
B.M. 1 $ Colombia. 2 § Venezuela. 2 ¢ S. Brazil (Santa
Catharina). 1 $ Paraguay. 1 g Argentine.
9a (8). Unh no ochreous-grey scaling.
g (10). Unh rather pale brown with small yellow spots on
disc and end cell. Unf small faint spots in spaces 3 and 6.
Upf brown, dull ochreous scaling on costa: stigma as in
zalates. $ uph arecumbent hair tuft from base overlying
cell. ¢ F 14 mm.
coda nov: ¢ Ecuador, La Chima: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
10 (9). Unh greenish-ochreous with small irregular blotches
of white scales at end cell and on disc. ¢ F 13 mm. Upf
dull ochreous scaling along costa and on disc forming
vague spots: cilia ochreous. Unf apex and costa greenish-
ochreous: ochreous scaling as on upf. Stigma narrow,
complete.
viridenex Weeks 1go1: 3 Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1906.
B.M. 2 3 Bolivia (Cochabamba).
Il (7b). Unh centrally broad white: otherwise unmarked
above and below, dark brown. Stigma slender, as in
zalates. § F 13 mm.
nausiphanes Schaus 1913: 3 Costa Rica: figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 2 Costa Rica.
J.45. VETTIUS Godman 1go1: type phyllus Cramer: fixed
by author.
Antennae rather longer than half costa: shaft plain, whitish
under club: club } shaft, bent just after thickest part to
176
J.45. VETTIUS
apiculus: nudum 3/11. Palpi quadrate smooth: third seg-
ment short, stout, conical, protruding. Mid tibiae usually
spined. F cell < dorsum: vein 5 slightly decurved: vein 2
mid base and end of cell. H cell = 4 wing, not upturned at
end: vein 5 faint: vein 1a > vein 8. ¢ upf usually with brands.
Unh generally conspicuously marked. In this large genus
variations from the type described here are to be expected.
la (12a). Uph conspicuous white streak along space 1b,
which may be united to the central white area.
tb (7a). Unh base of space 8 entirely dark brown. Upf
generally no spot in space rb.
1c (4a). Unh with a triangular white central area, which
reaches the apex at end of vein 7, rest of space 7 and all
space 8 dark brown.
roa). pf with a spot inthe cell. ¢ Fir7 mm.
1 (2). Upf cell spot across cell. $ upf brand extends over
both sides of origin of vein 2. Head dull orange.
lafresnayei. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf cell spot divided into 2 equal spots, but the
upper spot is occasionally absent in C. America, as may
be the white streak in space 1a. Uph white area generally
not divided by dark veins and is united to the streak in
space 1b. Unh dark areas chocolate.
Sub-sp. pica Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Godman
& Salvin, g and genitalia as lafresnayet.
Pevieets 1 2 Guatemala. 1 9 Honduras. 1 9) Panama,
I $3 ¢ Colombia. 1 ¢ 1 2 Venezuela. 3 5 2 2 Br Guiana.
1 g Fr Guiana. 1 ¢ Ecuador (R. Napo). 2 9 Peru. 8 39 2
Amazons (Iquitos—Para). 3 @ Pernambuco.
(b). Upf undivided white spot across cell (rarely divided):
white streak in space 1a present. Uph white area generally
divided by dark veins and not united to the white streak in
space 1b. Unh dark areas dark ferruginous.
Sub-sp. lafresnayei Latreille 1824: ¢ Brazil: type B.M. Fig
Seitz as lafresnayei: Godman & Salvin figures are of pica.
Synonym. disjuncta Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
aloeus Plotz 1882: = lafresnayet.
Bevis 73° 2 Minas Geraes (Porto: Real). 17.415 2
S. Brazil (Rio. Theresopolis. S4o Paulo. Santa Catharina).
Ley
J.45. VETTIUS
2 (1). Upf with a single lower cell spot. ¢ upf brand only
above origin of vein 2. Otherwise like lafresnayei, but geni-
talia very different.
richardi Weeks 1906: Venezuela. Fig Weeks 1gto.
B.M. 1 $ Colombia. 1 $ Venezuela. 4 3 1 2 Br Guiana.
2 2 Fr Guiana. 2 $ 2 2 Amazons (Teffe. Obidos. Para).
3 (1b). Upf no spot in cell. 3 upf brand over both sides of
origin vein 2. ¢ F 14 mm. Unh as lafresnayet.
triangularis Geyer 1931: ? loc: figured. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. triangulum HS 1869: ? loc.
B.M. 4 ¢2 2 Br Guiana. 5 3 5 2 Fr Guiana. 14 f 12 9
Amazons (Itaituba—Para).
4a (1c). Unh central white area not triangular, broadly
reaches apex and outer half of costa.
4b (6). 3g upf brand over both sides of origin of vein 2.
Unh no brown bar at end cell.
4 (5). Unh dark outer area ends at vein 7. ¢ F 16 mm.
Upf hyaline white spots in spaces 2, 3, 4,6 and 7. Uph
central white area broad, always conjoined to the white
streak in space 1b. Unh basal half of space 8 and 7 brown:
brown spot under origin vein 2: dark border 4 mm.
monacha Ploétz 1882: 2 Para. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 $ Surinam. 2 ¢ Fr Guiana. 1 g Ecuador (R.
Napo). 1 g¢ Peru (Amazonas). 15 ¢ 12 2 Amazons
(Iquitos—Para).. 1 2 Bahia (Porto Velho). |
5 (4). Unh dark outer area ends at vein 8. g F 12 mm.
Wings more produced and markings very narrow in ¢ upf,
generally only an oblique spot in space 2, sometimes wider
and with spots in spaces 3 and 6. 2 like monacha but the
white band uph is narrower, 1} mm. only: unh dark streak
at base space 1b conspicuous.
jabesa Butler 1870: ¢ Brazil: type B.M. Fig Butler 1874:
Seitz.
B.M. 1 g Peru (Chambireyacu). 2 ¢ 1 2 Upper Amazons
(Iquitos. Upper Putumayo). 8 3 7 2 Para.
6 (4b). 3 upf brand only above origin vein 2. Unh with a
brown bar at end of cell and an oblique streak from the
dark margin across space 7: dark spot under origin vein 2
178
Jus VET DIS
more conspicuous than usual: dark outer area ends at end
of vein7. ¢ F 12 mm. Upf like monacha: uph white area
more circular and generally not conjoined to the white
streak in space rb.
crispa nov: ¢ St Paulo d’Olivenca: M. de Mathan, May
1883: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Bolivia. 4 3 1 2 Upper Amazons (Iquitos.
Upper Putumayo. ‘Type loc).
7a (1b). Unh base of space rb not entirely dark brown. Upf
generally a spot in space 1b.
7 (8a). Unh no conspicuous dark streak from base to
termen. ¢ upf no brand.
diana. 2 sub-species.
(a). g¢ F 15 mm. As diana but markings above much
broader. Upf 2 spots in cell and dots in spaces 4 and 5.
Uph white discal area extending to end cell and base
space Ic.
Sub-sp. felix nov: ¢ La Merced, Peru: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
(b). ¢ F 14 mm. Upf typically with spots in spaces 1b,
2, 3, 6-8 and an upper cell spot, but may be reduced to
only those in spaces 2 and 3. Uph a narrow white discal
band and the streak in space 1b. Unf grey-brown: white
streak base costa, followed by a white streak over vein 12:
apex black beyond the sub-apical spots, powdered with
bluish-white scales and with 2 white spots at the apex in
spaces 6 and 7: termen whitish below the black apical area.
Unh white: an irregular black spot near base costa: an
irregular black area from near base cell to bases of spaces
Ic-3, connected along vein 2 to a similar area in spaces
Ic—2 against the termen, both areas strewn with bluish-
white scales: pale brown discal area in spaces 5—7 and a
similar submarginal area in spaces 3-6: basal third of space
ta black: the extent of all these markings is very variable.
Sub-sp. diana Plotz 1886: Sao Paulo.
Synonyms. dion Draudt 1924: error for diana: figured.
seitzt Draudt 1924: S. Brazil: figured. Specimen with
reduced markings.
B.M. 2 35S. Brazil.(Sao Paulo. Santa Catharina).
wey
J.45. VETTIUS
8a (7). Unh a conspicuous dark streak from base of radius
along vein 6 to termen.
8 (ga). Upf with a lower cell spot. ¢ upf with a brand on
both sides of the origin of vein 2.
phyllus. 4 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 17mm. Above, black, cilia white at tornus F and
H: head white spotted, sides of collar and tegulae dark
orange: thorax blue-haired, extending on F along space 1a
to the discal spot in space 1b and on H over the white
streak in space 1b and more or less over the discal spots
in space Ic to space 5. Upf orange scaling on basal half
of costa: opaque white spot in space 1b and hyaline
spots in spaces 2, 3, 6, 7 and lower cell spot. Below palpi
white, black edged: sides of thorax against wings dark
orange. Unf spot in space 1b small: yellow pre-apical
band cut by dark veins. Unh edge of costa brown to
middle, base of space 8 orange, then yellow to the curved
dark streak from base to end vein 6, then yellow again
to just below cell and end vein 3: tornal area dark brown
with a white streak mid space 1b and all space 1a dark
orange.
Sub-sp. phyllus Cramer 1777: 2“ Surinam: figured. Fig
Staudinger 1888: Godman & Salvin, venation and geni-
talia: Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia: fig in Seitz = prona.
Synonyms. Jaurea Hewitson 1868: g Cayenne. Fig
Hewitson 1873: Seitz.
massimu Zikan 1938: 3 Rio Negro.
B.M. 1 2 Panama. 3 3 1 2 Colombia. 2 3 2 2 Venezuela.
6g 4@ Trinidad. 6 ¢ 4 9 Br Guiana. 1 $ 2 2 Surinam.
11 6 792 Fr Guiana. 5 3 4 2 Upper Amazons (Pebas and
Upper Putumayo—Obidos). 4 3 5 9 Para. 1 § Pernambuco.
1 9 Maranham. 1 2 Goyaz. 2 ¢ Matto Grosso.
(b). Uph the white central area much larger, not divided
by dark veins and united to the white streak in space rb.
Unf the white area in space 1b twice as wide as the spot
in space 2.
Sub-sp. pura nov: 3 Amazonas, Peru, Cavallo Cocho;
May-June 1884, M. de Mathan: type B.M.
B.M. 8 3 1 2 Peru (type loc and Yahuas territory). 11 ¢
5 2 Amazons (Iquitos. Ucayali. Upper Putumayo).
180
Jas. VErrIUS
(c). Unh as prona but with space 1a dark orange. Unf like
phyllus with a yellow band before the dark apex.
Sub-sp. yunga nov: 3 Bolivia, Cochabamba, Yungas del
Espirito Santo: P. Germain, 1888: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
(d). Above, as phyllus, but upf no orange scaling on costa.
Below, very different. Unf apex beyond the sub-apical
spots, grey, cut by dark veins, and shading outwardly to
pale brown: spot in space 1b no bigger than on upf and
often absent. Unh, the long dark streak from base to end of
vein 6 as in phyllus: all veins narrowly black: extreme edge
costa black to middle, rest of space 8 and all space 7 yellow,
also cell and base of space Ic: rest of wing grey to brown,
which may cover spaces 4 and 5 or leave them yellowish:
the white streak under mid vein 1b present or absent.
Sub-sp. prona nov: ¢ Sao Paulo, Alta da Sierra, R. Spitz:
type B.M. Fig Seitz as phyllus.
Pelee Er Guiana’) 1 So - Ecuador’: 3 6 (Minas
Geraes. 27 5 13 2 S. Brazil (Sado Paulo. Rio. Espirito
Santo. Parana. Santa Catharina).
9a (8). Upf no lower cell spot, upper spot often present.
3 upf no brand.
gb (11). Unh no reddish streak in space Ic.
g (10). Unh veins not darkened.
marcus. 2 sub-species.
(a). As marcus but uph the white central area extends
broadly to the termen below vein 2 and to the dorsum,
nearly as far as the base.
Sub-sp. aurelius Plotz 1882: Brazil. Fig Godman & Salvin:
Seitz.
B.M. 1 3 Guatemala. 4 3 3 2 Nicaragua. 3 3 1 2 Costa
Rica. 4 3 4 2 Colombia (Cauca. R. Dagua. Cundina-
Waeea). ts tS) (9 2 Venezuela: (Esteban: Valley): 1, 6
Itaituba, Amazons. 1 2 Minas Geraes.
(b). ¢ F 16mm. Uphan ovalwhite central area, which may
be joined to the white streak in space 1b: cilia white from
vein 2 to tornus. Unf white area in spaces 4—5 continued
to space 7 and not sharply defined: an oblique white
spot across space tb. Unh yellow, but white opposite
181
jas VE TTIUS
the white areas uph: upper dark streak from base to end
vein 6: lower dark streak from mid space Ic to termen
in space 5, where it narrowly or broadly joins the upper
streak: a loop from upper end of lower streak nearly
reaches tornus and then runs along space ta to base, the
portion near the tornus may be broad or absent. Head
white spotted: collar and outer ends of tegulae dark red:
palpi white with a black line at the side.
Sub-sp. marcus Fabricius 1787: Fr Guiana. Fig Geyer:
Godman & Salvin, genitalia: Seitz: Hayward 1951.
Synonym. ? phyllides Rober 1925: 3g Santa Catharina.
B.M.. xg. Guatemala” 3 ¢ 1 2 Costa Rica Oia
Panama. 7 5 6 2 Colombia. 8 ¢ 4 2 Venezuela (Suapure).
12 6 12 9 Trinidad. 5 3 5 2 Br Guiana. 1 $ Surinam.
1 ¢ Fr Guiana. 1 ¢ Ecuador (La Chima). 13 3 5 2 Peru
(Tarapote. Cuzco. Yahuarmayo). 4 ¢ 3 2 Bolivia (Reyes.
Santa Cruz. Buenavista). 24 $ 18 2 Amazons (Iquitos—
Para). 2 ¢ 2 9 Bahia. 3 ¢ 2 9 Minas Geracs? 1 ge
Matto Grosso. 26 ¢ 13 2 S. Brazil (Rio. Parana. Sao
Paulo. Espirito Santo). 3 ¢ 2 9 Paraguay. 2 $ Argentine.
10 (9). Unh veins darkened more or less.
diversa. 5 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 16 mm. Like marcus except on unh, where the
upper dark streak is narrow: veins 7 and 8 dark: lower dark
streak short, mid space Ic to mid vein 4, thence to tornus
veins 2, 3 and 4 dark: the tornal loop like marcus, but
forming a large dark tornal spot, internal to which space rb
is white to the base. Cuiller of clasp not produced.
Sub-sp. maeon Mabille 1891: 3 Chiriqui: MS fig in B.M.
B.M. 1 3 1 2 Nicaragua. 7 3 3 9 Costa Rica. 2 g I 2
Panama. 1 2 Colombia.
(b). ¢ F 16mm. Upf as marcus. Uph central white area
larger and rounder. Unf the double yellow spot at termeéen
in spaces 4 and 5 sharply defined and the extension to the
apical hyaline spots absent or faint. Unh varies from a
form like maeon to a much darkened form: edge of costa
dark to middle: vein 8 pale and vein 7 dark: upper dark
streak ends on the upper edge of a large dark quadrate spot
against termen from vein 6 to vein 2: the lower dark streak
182
J.45. VETTIUS
runs to the lower edge of this spot and veins 3 and 4 are
dark: between the spot mid termen and the tornal dark
area the wing is yellow up to the loop from mid space tc
to vein 2: dorsum broadly dark, leaving a narrow white
streak mid space rb.
Sub-sp. lyrcea Plotz 1882: “Brazil”. Fig Godman & Salvin
and Seitz as diversa.
B.M. 22 $ 11 2 Ecuador (Paramba. Quito. Ambato.
Balzapamba. Chimbo. La Chima. Zaruma). 1 ¢ Peru.
(c). ¢ F 18 mm. Uph the central white area very large
6x6 mm. and united to the white streak in space 1b.
Otherwise like diversa. Cuiller of clasp produced, tri-
angular, blunt-ended.
Sub-sp. donga nov: $ Huancabamba, N. Peru: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 type loc.
(d). ¢ F 16mm. Intermediate to diversa. Uph white area
broad and generally united to the streak along space 1b,
wider than the dark border. Cuiller of clasp produced to
a sharp point.
Sub-sp. drona nov: 3 Yungas, La Paz, Bolivia: type B.M.
B.M. 4 3 1 2 Bolivia (Coroico. ‘Tanampaya. Yungas—La
Paz).
(ec). ¢ F 15 mm. Above, as marcus, but upf spot in space
tb yellow, also the markings uph, which are narrow. Unf
apical area paler and base costa yellowish. Unh very like
lyrcea. Cuiller produced to a sharp point, which is bent
over at the extreme tip.
Sub-sp. diversa Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Godman
& Salvin, g and fig in Seitz are of lyrcea.
B.M. 1 ¢ 1 9 Bahia. 12 3 4 2 Brazil (Sao Paulo. Rio.
Novo Friborgo). 5 3 1 9 Paraguay.
Il (gb). Unh the streak in space 1c ferruginous red and the
upper streak ferruginous edged: where the streaks meet
two white spots are left in spaces 1c and 2 against termen:
otherwise as marcus, but some veins may be narrowly
darkened. ¢ F 18 mm. Uph the central white area large
as in diversa donga. Unf ferruginous at base costa and at
apex outside and below the broad pre-apical band: broad
white spot across space 1b.
183
J.45. VETTIUS
drova nov: g Ecuador, Ambato: R. P. Irenee Blanc: type
B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Colombia (Mt Tolima). 1 g 1 2 Ecuador
(Ambato). 1 2 Bolivia (Cochabamba).
[2a (1a). Uph no white streak along space rb.
12b (19a). Upf with a spot in space 1b. 9 of tertianus is
aberrant.
12 (13a). Unh veins dark on a pale ground. ¢ upf no
brands. Superficially like marcus and genitalia very
similar.
fantasos. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 15 mm.: large and dark. Above, marking reduced
and white. Below, no rufescent tinge to the brown mark-
ings. Unh the sub-hyaline white spots of the discal band
from space Ic to space 4 are narrow and in line.
Sub-sp. onaca nov: ¢ Polochic Valley, Guatemala: type B.M.
B.M. 7 3 2 2 Mexico (Vera Cruz). 17 3 5 2 Guatemala.
I g¢ Salvador. 2 $ ‘‘Colombia”’. 3
(b). $ F 14 mm. Uph markings sullied white to tawny.
Unf apex broadly ferruginous. Unh varies from an almost
white to an almost entirely ferruginous form.
Sub-sp. fantasos Stoll 1780: Surinam: figured. Fig Sepp:
Seitz: Godman & Salvin, genitalia: Hayward 1951, ¢ and
genitalia.
Synonyms. abebalus Stoll 1781: “‘Guinea and Cape of
Good Hope”’: figured.
eucherus Plotz 1882: Surinam.
B.M. 9 33 2 Mexico. 6 3 2 2 Honduras. 1 9 Nicaragua.
7361 Panama. 5 3 3 2 Colombia. 8 ¢ 6 9 Venezuela.
24629 Tobago. 1 $ Jamaica. 1 6 1 9 Br Guiana. 1 ¢
Fr Guiana. 1 ¢ 1 2 Peru (Tarapote). 1 ¢ 1 9 ame
9 363 ¢ Para. 2 9 Pernambuco. 1 9 Maranham. 9 3 3 ‘
S. Brazil (Rio. Petropolis). 2 ¢ 1 2 Paraguay.
[3a (12). Unh veins not dark on a pale ground.
13b (15a). Unh veins conspicuously white.
13 (14). F upper cell spot has its centre under end of
vein 10. g upf no brand. ¢ F 17mm. Upf hyaline white
spots in spaces Ib, 2, 3, 6 (may be 7, 8), 2 in cell (lower
often absent). Uph white or whitish spots in spaces 1¢—5
184
jas) VELTIUS
or 2-4. Unf costa pale brown, apex purple with white
streaks between veins, broader in spaces 4 and 5: white
spot in space 1b twice as wide as spot in space 2. Unh
purple, abdominal fold pale brown: veins white and the
whole wing, particularly basally, whitened: white discal
spots in spaces 1c—6, beyond which there are white streaks
between veins to termen.
artona Hewitson 1868: $ Rio: type B.M. Fig Hewitson
1876: Godman & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz: Hayward
1951, ¢ and genitalia.
BYMVi 3.6 4.2 Nicaragua.’ 94) 3° 2) Colombia.) (3°33. 9
Venezuela. 16 ¢ 10 9 Trinidad. 4 ¢ 5 2 Br Guiana. 1 9
Surinam. 2 $ Ecuador (Zamora). 1 9 Peru (Moyabamba).
4 g Upper Amazons (Ucayali. Iquitos. St Paulo
d’Olivenca). 2 $ Anna River. 4 ¢ 2 9 Para. 1 $1 9 Bahia.
I 2 Goyaz. 1 § Matto Grosso. 18 6.15 28. Brazil (Parana.
Rio. Espirito Santo. Santa Catharina. Theresopolis).
14 (13). F upper cell spot extends between origins of veins
1o and g. ¢ upf with a small brand over origin of vein 2
and another below it. g¢ F 16 mm. Superficially like
artona.
yalta nov: ¢ Espirito Santo, Brazil: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 1 2 Colombia. 2 g 1 Peru(Carabaya. Ucayali).
1 9 Para. 3 3S. Brazil (Santa Catharina. Espirito Santo).
15a (13b). Unh veins concolorous with ground colour.
15b (17a). Wnh not striated. g upf no brand.
15 (16). Unh no conspicuous black spot. ¢ F 15-17 mm.
Upf yellowish opaque spot in space 1c and hyaline white
spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6. Uph yellowish straight discal
band divided by dark veins. Unf costa and apex dull dark
ochreous, yellow above apical spot to costa: spot in space
tb white. Unh base to apex and end cell, and all dorsum
white: dull dark ochreous in basal half of space 8: discal
band of white spots, inwardly bordered by a dull dark
ochreous area to end cell and outwardly by a similar darker
area, turning to dark brown at termen.
klugi Bell 1941: ¢ Iquitos, Peru: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 9 Colombia. 1 9 Venezuela. 1 § Br Guiana. I 2
Fr Guiana. 1 $ Iquitos. |
185
J.4s. VETTIUS
16 (15). Unh with a conspicuous black area under end cell
separated from a conspicuous black spot mid space 1c by
a white band: basal half of costa brown and rest of wing
variegated brown and white. ¢ F 15 mm. Upf yellow
spots in spaces 2 and 3 and may be in spaces 4 and 6-8.
Uph more or less macular yellow band from space tic to
space 3, an inwardly oblique spot in spaces 4-5 and a
yellow streak along the basal half of space 1c. Unf a tri-
angular violet-grey area on costa, just before apex. Mid
tibiae smooth.
lucretius Latreille 1824: 3 Brazil.
Synonyms. lapithes Geyer 1832: 3 E. Indies: figured.
iulda Plotz 1886: Blumenau. Fig Seitz: Hayward 1951,
$ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 3& Bolivia (Bueyes). 17 ¢ 16 9 Para. 5 3 Bahia.
1 $¢ Minas Geraes. 1 § Matto Grosso. 25 ¢ 425. Brazil
(Rio. Sao Paulo. Espirito Santo). 14 ¢ 1 9 Paraguay.
b Goat eentine:
17a (15b). Unh striated all over. 3 upf with obscure brands
over and under vein 2 and over vein I.
17 (18). Unh with a continuous, broadening dark band
from mid space ic to apex. ¢ F 17 mm. Above, like
lucretius. Upf yellow spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3 and 6-8 (in
line): uph in spaces 2, 3 and 4-5. Unf costa yellowish to
end cell, then ferruginous, and a triangular violet scaled
area below apex: large whitish area in space rb.
umbrata Erschoff 1876: 2 Brazil: figured.
B.M. 15 3 5 2 5S. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Petropolis.
Santa Catharina).
18 (17). Unh the dark area from space tc to base under cell
not continued to the apex, more or less separated from a
dark costal area, which extends to the base. Otherwise-as
umbrata, except that on uph there are no well-marked
yellow spots: the disc is paler and there are sometimes
faint traces of spots.
arva nov: 3 Rio (coll Hewitson): type B.M. Listed by
Kirby 1879 (Cat. Lep. Hew. coll: 222), Mabille 1904 (Gen.
Ins.) and Draudt (Seitz: 980), but not described.
186
J.4s. VETTIUS
B.M. 5 6 1 2 “Colombia”. 1 $ 1 2 E. Bolivia (Buena-
Wista.. canta Cruz). 1°2 Whinas (Geraes. 26.5: Brazil
(Rio. ‘Theresopolis).
19a (12b). Upf no spot in space rb.
1gb (21). Upf with spots at least in spaces 2 and 3.
1g (20). Unh centre of wing broadly yellow: base to end
of cell ferruginous, also space 1a and along termen from
vein 2 to vein 8: abdominal fold brown. ¢ F 17mm. Upf
conspicuous hyaline white spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8.
Unf costa and apex ferruginous: space 1b unmarked. 3
upf sagittate brand over origin vein 2.
ploetzii Capronnier 1874: g¢ Theresopolis: figured: type
B.M. Fig Seitz.
B.M. Only the type.
20 (19). Unh silver with 3 narrow ferruginous streaks, along
costa to end vein 7, from base through mid cell and over
vein 5 to termen, and from base mid space Ic to termen
under end of vein 2: upper edge of last and lower edge of
middle streak black edged. g$ upf no brand. ¢ F 18 mm.
coryna. 3 sub-species.
(a). Upf no cell spots, those in spaces 2 and 3 small and -
only one sub-apical spot in space 6.
Sub-sp. conka nov: ¢ San Geronimo, Guatemala: type B.M.
B.M. 1 $22 Mexico. 7 § 2 2 Guatemala. 5 3 7 2 Costa
Rica. 1 ¢ Panama.
(b). Upf spots larger; as in conka but with a second sub-
apical spot in space 7.
Sub-sp. catargyra Felder 1867: 3 Venezuela: type B.M.:
figured.
Pris 6 3 2 Colombia. 15.1 9 2 Venezuela. 1 1s
‘““Amazons’’. 4 3 N. Brazil (Porto Real).
(c). Upf a spot in cell, as well as in spaces 2, 3, 6 and 7.
Sub-sp. coryna Hewitson 1866: $ Amazons: type B.M. Fig
Godman & Salvin, 3 genitalia: Seitz.
B.M. 36 g¢ 21 2 Colombia. 8 ¢ 4 2 Venezuela. 30 3 14 2
Ecuador (Ambato. Balzapamba. Rio Pastaza. Loja.
Chimbo). 28 ¢ 19 2 Peru (R. Tabaconas. Huancabamba.
Chanchamayo. Cuzco. Uruhasi. Carabaya). 8 3 5 2
A.H.—13 187
J.46. PARACARYSTUS
Bolivia (Chulumani. Yungas—La Paz. Tanampaya. Cocha-
bamba). 1 g¢ Amazons (type).
21 (19b). g¢ upf unmarked: unh basal half white, outer half
dull dark ochreous-brown, more or less extending to base
in space 1c and lower part of cell: end cell defined by a
dark bar. Unf dark brown, yellowish-white from mid
costa to end of vein 8, extending beyond end cell to
vein 2 as an ill-defined band: termen broadly dark brown:
end cell marked by a dark bar. 2 upf with white spots in
spaces Ib, 2, 3, 6 and 7. Uph suffused dull yellow discal
band, divided by dark veins, from space 2 to space 5. Unf
asin 3, but with spots as onupf. Unha dull dark ochreous
central area from basal half of space 1c across cell to base
of space 6, between which and the outer dark area there is
a white discal band from space Ic to space 6. Mid tibiae
smooth. ¢ F 14-16 mm.: no brand upf.
tertianus Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. uza Hewitson 1877: ¢ ? loc.
peninsularis Plotz 1882: 2 Para. Fig Seitz.
warra Moschler 1882: $ Surinam. Fig Godman & Salvin.
zola Moschler 1832: 9 Surinam.
B.M. 1 ¢ Costa Rica. 1 $ Colombia. 1 $ Trinidad.
J.46. PARACARYSTUS Godman igoo: type hypargyra
Herrich-Schaffer: fixed by author.
Closely allied to Vettzus, differing in the form of the hind-
wing, which is produced tornally, so that vein 1a is > or
== vein 1b and the cell is < half the width of the wing. No
secondary sexual characters. Mid tibiae spined.
la (3). Unh veins darkened.
1 (2). Unh unmarked violet-grey. ¢ F 19 mm. Upf
yellowish opaque spot in space 1b and hyaline white spots
in spaces 2, 3, 6 (and may be 7) and upper part of cell.
Unf apex broadly violet-grey.
hypargyra Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Godman &
Salvin, 3, venation and genitalia: Seitz.
Synonyms. argyris Mabille 1873: 3 E. Brazil: type B.M.
antenora Ehrman 1907: 2 Venezuela.
188
J.46. PARACARYSTUS
B.M. 1 2 Honduras. 1 ¢ Nicaragua. 2 $ Costa Rica. 1 ¢
Panama. 2°¢ Venezuela. 8 ¢ 2/2 Br Guiana. 3 /f'1 2
Surinam. 4 ¢ 2 9 Fr Guiana. 1 $ Ecuador (Zamora).
3 6 2 9 Peru (R. Tabaconas. Chanchamayo. ‘Tarapote).
8 $ 4 2 Upper Amazons (Ega. Teffe. St Paulo d’Olivenca).
4319 Para. 1 § Maranham. 2 3 Minas Geraes. 6 gd 1 2
S. Brazil (Parana. Santa Catharina).
2 (1). Unh with dark transverse bands.
menestriesi. 3 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 18 mm. Upf usually with a yellowish spot in
space 1b and hyaline white spots in spaces 2, 3 and 2 spots
in cell. Unf a broad shining blue apical area divided
centrally by a dark band. Unh shining blue divided by
dark veins and crossed by a transverse dark band through
end cell from space Ic to space 7 and a discal band from
space Ic to space 6.
Sub-sp. rona Hewitson 1866: 3 Para: type B.M. Fig
Hewitson 1873: Hayward 1951, as menestriest.
P23 2 © Colombia, 74 1 2 Venezuela. 2 339 Br
Giana 26 2 2 Surinam. 4 6.4 2 Fr Guiana’ a 9
Ecuador (R. Napo). 2 3 3 2 Peru (La Merced. Ucayali).
2 $ 2 9 Upper Amazons (St Paulo d’Olivenca. Obidos.
Santarem). 16 g 10 9 Para. 1 § Maranham.
(b). As ona, but unh the discal band is absent. Upf spots
better marked, a dot in space 6. Unf spot in space 1b
larger: apical area divided by dark spots.
Sub-sp. koza Butler 1870: $ Capim River, Para: type B.M.
Fig Butler 1874: Seitz.
B.M. Only the type.
(c). ¢ Fig mm. As ona, but upf generally no cell spots
and unh more purple.
Sub-sp. menestriesi Latreille 1824: 3 Brazil: type B.M. Fig
Staudinger 1888: Seitz: fig by Hayward 1951 = rona.
B.M. 9 6625. Brazil (Rio. Espirito Santo).
3 (1a). Unh veins not darkened: violet-grey with dark bands
as in menestriesi, but narrower and more macular. ¢ F
17mm. Upf as menestriest, no cell spots. Unf apex broadly
violet-grey, not divided by a central dark band, the inner
and outer portions being united in spaces 4 and 5.
189
J.47. TURESIS
evansi Hayward 1938: 3 Misiones, Argentine. Fig Hayward
1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 15 35258. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Parana. Petropolis.
Espirito Santo).
J.47. TURESIS Godman igor: type lucas Fabricius: fixed
by author.
Antennae long, nearly as long as cell: shaft plain, yellow
under club: nudum 3/11. Palpi slightly flattened; third
segment short, conical. Mid tibiae smooth. No secondary
sexual characters. Uncus quadrifid. |
la (3). Upf spot in space 2 completely overlaps the cell spot.
1 (2). Upf conspicuous opaque yellow spot in space rb:
hyaline yellow spots in spaces 2, 3, 6, 7 and double cell
spot. Uph a small hyaline cell spot in space 3 and fainter
at end cell. Below, apex and costa F and all H ferruginous,
marked as above, but spot in space 1b unf is white. ¢ F
18 mm. |
lucas Fabricius 1793: ““S. America Islands’. Fig Butler
1869: Godman & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz: Hayward
IQ5I.
Sa complanula Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
stlaceus Moschler 1876: 3 Surinam.
yema Plotz 1882: = lucas.
micon Mabille 1891: 3 Brazil: MS fig in B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ Guatemala. 1 ¢ 1 2? Costa Rica) 33a
Panama. 1 ¢ 1 2 Colombia. 1 ¢ Trinidad. 3 ¢ Ecuador
(La Chima. Zamora). 2 $ Peru (Ucayali). 1 ¢ Bolivia
(Santa Cruz). 2 $ Amazons (St Paulo d’Olivenca. Para).
1 $ Minas Geraes. 4 $ 2 2 S. Brazil (Rio. Sao Paulo.
Parana).
2 (1). Upf no spot in space 1b, nor unf. $¢ F 17 mm.
Otherwise as /ucas, but unh spot does not show on uph.
theste Godman igor: 3 Costa Rica: type B.M.: figured 3
and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. Only the type.
3 (1a). Upf spot in space 2 does not overlap the cell spot.
Otherwise as theste. 3 F 18 mm.
190
J.48. THOON
basta nov: ¢ Santarem: H. H. Smith: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
J.48. THOON Godman 1900: type modius Mabille: fixed
by author.
Antennae rather longer than half costa: shaft plain, yellow
under club: nudum 3/11-4/10. Palpi rather flattened: third
segment short, conical. Mid tibiae spined. Wings produced.
$ upf usually with short brands.
la (ga). ¢ upf with one or more brands.
tb (3a). 3d upf with short brand over vein 1 as well as
short brands under and over vein 2.
1 (2). Uph and unh with a single small hyaline spot in
space 3: ¢ F 17 mm. Upf hyaline white spots in spaces
tb, 2, 3, 6 and 7 (dots) and 2 in cell. Below, paler brown.
Unf spot in space 1b narrow, elongate. Unh small opaque
white spot end cell and mid space tc. ? head, thorax and
wing bases, above, and palpi shining green.
slopa nov: ¢ Br Guiana: type B.M
B.M. 1 3 Br Guiana. 1 2 Sao Paulo.
2 (1). 3d uph centrally hyaline pale yellow spots in spaces 2,
3 and 4-5. Upf yellow opaque spot in space 1b: hyaline
pale yellow or white spots in spaces 2, 3, 6, 7 and 2 cell
spots, which may be conjoined. Below, dark brown. Unf
spot in space 1b elongate. Unh small white spot end cell
and straight discal row in spaces 1c-5. @ cell spot upf
broad, across cell. Uph spots white, conspicuous. Unh
white spots in cell and spaces 1c—5 on pale grey-brown
ground.
canta nov: ¢ Cananche, Cundinamarca, Sept 1903: M. de
Mathan: Sept 1903: type B.M.
B.M. 3 ¢ 2 2 Colombia (Cundinamarca. R. Magdalena).
3a (1b). ¢ upf no brand over vein 1.
3b (7a). ¢ upf brands over and under origin ‘at Veime2:
3 (4a). Uph yellow spots in spaces 2, 3 and 4-5: in 2? may
also be present in space Ic and cell: Upf as canta but
usually only an upper cell spot (may be 2 or none) and
the spots in spaces 2 and 3 just overlap. Unh as canta,
IQI
J.48. THOON
but spots in ¢ are yellow, may be faint or absent. ¢ F
Ig mm.
modius Mabille 1889: 3 Chiriqui: figured.
Synonyms. wiridiceps Mabille 1889: 3 Chiriqui: figured.
Figs by Godman & Salvin and Seitz = WNiconiades
nabona &.
stilio Mabille 1891: 3 Chiriqui: MS fig of type in B.M.
cocalus Godman 1900: = modus.
B.M. 1 9 Guatemala. 1 § Honduras. 1 g$ Nicaragua. 5 3
Costa Rica. 4 ¢ 2 2 Panama. 1 2 Colombia. 18 ¢ 11 9
Ecuador (Paramba). 1 g¢ 1 2 Ecuador (Zamora. Manabi).
1 2 Upper Amazons (St Paulo d’Olivenca). 1 g 1 2 Bolivia
(Reyes).
4a (3). Uph unmarked or just 1 or 2 white dots in spaces 2
and 3.
4 (5a). Upf 2 white spots in cell (conjoined in 9): also
spots in spaces 2, 3, 6, 7 and in @ in space rb (rarely in
3). Unf apex and costa ferruginous brown, broad oblique
whitish dash in space 1b. Unh ferruginous brown: small
dark discal spots in spaces 2-6, of which those in spaces 2
and 3 may be hyaline white. ¢ F 18 mm. ¢ upf upper
part of brand lies along cubitus between origins of veins 3
and 2.
dubia Bell 1932: ¢ Rio Tapajos, Brazil: genitalia figured.
B.M:. 1 2. Colombia. 2 9 Br Guiana. '1 ¢ Pergo
Merced). 6 g Amazons (Tapajos. Itaituba. Obidos.
Santarem).
5a (4). Upf at most a small upper spot in cell.
5 (6). Upf pale yellow hyaline spots in spaces 2 (narrow,
oblique), 3, 6 and may be in 7: small upper cell spot:
small opaque spot in space 1b. Below, apex and costa F
and all unh greenish-brown. Unf pale dash in space 1b,
extensive in 2. Unh small yellowish spots in spaces IC—5
and end cell. Brand upf black, conspicuous. ¢ F 15 mm.
taxes Godman Igoo: ¢ Panama: figured $. Fig Seitz as
taxes and as modius: Lindsey 1928, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 1 & Venezuela. 1 ¢ 2 2 Trinidad. 8 ¢ 2 2 Br
Guiana. 6 § 7 2 Para. 1 g 1 9S. Brazil. (Sao Paulo.
Santa Catharina).
192
J.48. THOON
6 (5). ¢ upf unmarked dark brown, brand black, conspi-
cuous. Below, variable, costa F and all H purple-brown.
Unf may be faint pale spots in spaces 2 and 3. Unh small,
more or less indistinct yellowish spots in spaces 1c~7.
Bas mm
circellata Plotz 1882: ¢ Brazil: MS figin B.M. Fig Seitz,
cilia much too yellow.
Synonym. /ugens Schaus 1902: 3 Petropolis.
B.M. 7 3S. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Caraca. Novo Friborgo.
Petropolis).
Ta (3b). 3 upf no brand under vein 2.
7 (8). Upf small hyaline white spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6
(may be absent): may be a dot in space 1b. Below, brown.
Unf outer half of spaces 1a and 1b conspicuously paler:
2 may have a white dot in cell. Unh chocolate, small
whitish spots in spaces 2, 3 and 5, one or all of which may
be absent. ¢ F 15 mm. ¢ upf brand circular.
ponka nov: 3 Para: H. W. Bates: type B.M.
B.M. 2 2 Fr Guiana. 1 9 Upper Amazons (St Paulo
d’Olivenca). 4 3 3 ¢ Para. 3
8 (7). Unmarked dark brown above and below, except for
the oval black brand over origin of vein 2. ¢ F 15 mm.
yesta nov: $ Oroya, Inambari, Peru, 3000 feet: April 1901:
Ockenden: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
Ya (1a). 3 upf no brand.
g (10a). Uph unmarked. Upf white hyaline spots in
spaces 2, 3 and 2 in cell: 2 has small spot in space 1b and
dot in space 6. Unf outer half of spaces 1a and 1b conspi-
cuously white. Unh chocolate, faint purple gloss, vestigial
white dots in spaces 1c and 2in 9. § F 18 mm.
aethus Hayward 1950: ¢ Bolivia: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 9 Nicaragua.
10a (9g). Uph with tawny spots.
10 (11). Upf only a small lower cell spot and white spots
in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 6 and 7. Uph tawny spots in spaces 2,
3, 4 and 5. Unh ferruginous, faint tawny discal spots.
$ F 15 mm.
195
J.49. JUSTINIA
briquenydan Weeks igor: ¢ Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1906.
B.M. None.
Il (10). Upf white or pale yellow hyaline spot across cell
and similar spots in spaces 2, 3, 6 and 7: opaque tawny
spot in space 1b. Uph tawny spots in spaces 2, 3, 4-5
(elongate), 6 and at end cell: may be much reduced. 3
unf costa and apex and all unh ferruginous brown: in 9
pale brown. Unf spot in space 1b enlarged and paler. Unh
very variable, perhaps subspecifically: the tawny markings
of uph conspicuous, faint or absent. ¢ F 18 mm.
ranka nov: ¢ Peru, Rio Colorado, 2500 feet, Feb 1903:
Watkins & Tomlinson: type B.M.
B.M. 1 g Ecuador. 1 g Peru. 1 9 Bolivia (Cochabamba).
1 ¢ Teffe, Amazons.
J.49. JUSTINIA Evans (p. 90): type justinianus Latreille,
fixed by author.
Antennae typically long, 11/17 costa: shaft plain, whitish
under base club: nudum 4/10. Palpi slender, third segment
short, conical. Mid tibiae smooth. ¢ upf long, slender
brands, against cubitus between origins of veins 2 and 3,
over and under vein 2 and over vein 1. Division of uncus
shallow, gnathos arms connivent.
la (6a). Unh no trace of a spot in the cell.
1 (2a). Antennal club conspicuously white above. ¢ F
15 mm. Upf conspicuous white hyaline spots in spaces 2,
3 and 6 and uph in spaces 2 and 3. Unh with central and
discal pale bands. 2 upf and unf small white spot in
space Ib.
kora Hewitson 1877: Brazil.
Synonyms. barnesi Schaus 1902: $ Petropolis: type B.M.
Fig Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
campos-portot Zikan 1938: 3 Itatiaya.
B.M. 4 3 1 2 Petropolis. 6 ¢ 1 9 Parana.
2a (1). Antennal club above, dark or whitish only at base.
2b (5). F no white spot in space 8: present in spaces 1b,
2,3, 6 and 7
2 (3a). Unf costa above vein 12 yellow throughout: yellow
194
J.49. JUSTINIA
dash on costa above apical spots: may be an upper cell
spot.
Sheeusa. 2 sub-species.
(ae Smaller 05 mm: darker, Uph im space3,'\¢
with single (rarely 2) sub-hyaline dot: 2 with none. Clasp
with upper part of valva not extruded.
Sub-sp. norda nov: ¢ Guatemala: type B.M.: fig by God-
man & Salvin, 3 venation and genitalia as cingulicornis.
Fig Seitz as cingulicornis.
B.M. 2 ¢ Guatemala. 3 ¢ Costa Rica. 2 ¢ 2 9 Panama.
1 ¢ 1 9 Colombia.
(b). Larger, $ F 16 mm. Clasp with upper part of valva
extruded. Uph hyaline cell spots in spaces 2 and 3. Unf
conspicuous white spot in space 1b. Unh basal third
white, rést chestnut brown. norda like specimens are not
infrequent but the genitalia difference is constant.
Sub-sp. phaetusa Hewitson 1866: 2? Ega, Amazons: type
B.M. Fig Hewitson 1876.
B.M. 5 6 62 Colombia. 1 2 Venezuela. 2 g Br Guiana.
7 3 4 Ecuador (Zaruna. Cachabe. Chimbo. La Chima).
3 $ Peru (Amazonas). 8 g 1 2 Upper Amazons (Teffe.
Ega. Upper Putumayo. Iquitos. St Paulo d’Olivenca).
I 9 Goyaz.
3a (2). Unf pale streak at base of costa partially or wholly
sullied ferruginous.
3 (4). Upf upper cell spot small but conspicuous. Super-
ficially like justintanus but larger, $ F 18 mm. and wings
more produced. Uph unmarked, or rarely with a dot in
space 3. Unf basal # of costal streak sullied: apex broadly
paler, but no violet scaling: white spot in space 1b smaller
and less diffuse. Unh the basal white area basally sullied
ferruginous.
gava nov: $ Carimang River, Br Guiana, H. Whitley:
type B.M.
beviee2 3g 2. Br Guiana. 1 2 Surinam, 3.6 2.9.Fr
Guiana.
4 (3). Upf upper cell spot absent or rarely as a faint dot.
justinianus. 4 sub-species..
(a). Above, unmarked except for a small hyaline spot in
WS
J.49. JUSTINIA
space 3 and dots in spaces 6 and 7. Unf apex and costa
and all unh dark ferruginous: unf dorsum rather paler.
g F 15 mm.
Sub-sp. cappa nov: $ Paramba, Ecuador: 3500 feet: March
1897: Rosenberg: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
(b). Upf small spots in spaces 2, 3, 6 and 7: spot in space
tb usually absent. Unf costa and apex and all unh dark
ferruginous, but frequently some violet scaling at apex unf
and base unh. Unf white streak in space 1b. ¢ F 14 mm.
Sub-sp. tavola Schaus 1902: ¢ Trinidad.
Synonyms. hyperythrus Kaye 1913: Trinidad.
insulanus Bell 1931: 3 Trinidad: genitalia figured.
B.M. 15 ¢ 5 9 Trinidad.
(c). Intermediate between tavola and justinianus. Upf
generally spot in space 1b. Unf pale area mid costa repre-
senting the end of the costal pale streak: veins at apex
yellow on the violet apical area. Unh ferruginous, basal
third paler, violet: often a dot in space 3. ¢ F 15 mm.
Sub-sp. dappa nov: ¢ Para: H. W. Bates: type B.M.
B.M. 3 62 2 Venezuela. 4 6 1 9 Br Guana gee
Fr Guiana. 1 g Ecuador. 2 g 2 9 Upper Amazons (Teffe.
Itaituba—Obidos. Santarem). 6 ¢ 2 9 Para.
(d). Upf like phaetusa. Uph rarely a dot in space 3. Unf
costa and apex ferruginous, yellow mid costa and at end
space 8, broadly violet below apex along termen to vein 3,
conspicuous white streak in space 1b. Unh ferruginous,
basal third white, more or less sullied ferruginous,
narrowly violet along termen.
Sup-sp. justinianus Latreille 1824: ¢ (2 body gummed on)
Brazil: type B.M. Figs by Seitz and Godman & Salvin
= Phanes aletes.
Synonym. cingulicornis Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc:
type B.M. Figs by Seitz and Godman & Salvin = phaetusa
norda.
B.M. 2 3 Pernambuco. 9 3 5 2 S. Brazil (Rio. Sao
Paulo). 1 2 Argentine.
5 (2b). Upf with a hyaline spot in space 8, as well as those
in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 6 and 7. Uph hyaline dot in space 3.
196
J.so. EUTYCHIDE
Unf costa and apex and all unh ferruginous. Unh may be
white dots in spaces 2 and 5. 9 F 20 mm.
papaea Hewitson 1876: 2 Espirito Santo: type B.M.
B.M. 1 2 Minas Geraes. 3 2 S. Brazil (Espirito Santo).
6a (1a). Unh small yellow spots in cell and 3 or 4 discal.
6 (7a). Upf no cell spots. ¢ F 16 mm. Upf narrow hya-
line spot in space 2, round in space 2 and dot in space 6.
Unf dots in spaces 6 and 7: minute yellow spot in cell and
elongate white spot in space 1b. Unh ferruginous.
gertschi Bell 1937: ¢ Panama: genitalia figured.
oP bayiie None:
7a (6). Upf with 2 cell spots.
7 (8). Upf with a spot in space 1b, as well as hyaline spots
fn spaces 2, 3,6 and 7. Unf outer half of space 1b whitish.
Unh dark brown. ¢ F 14 mm.
maculata Bell 1930: 3$ Bolivia: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 ¢ Bolivia (Santa Cruz).
8 (7). Upf no spot in space 1b: spots in spaces 2 (narrow),
3 and 6. Unf dorsally paler, faint white spot in space 1b.
Unh chocolate. Wings more produced. $ F 16 mm.
septa nov: ¢ Minas Geraes: type B.M.
B:M. Only the type.
J.50. EUTYCHIDE Godman igoo: type physcella Hewit-
son: fixed by author.
Antennae about half costa: shaft plain, yellowish at base
club and under apiculus: nudum 3/10. Palpi quadrate: third
segment short conical. Mid tibiae spined. ¢ upf sagittate
brand over vein 2 and long brands under vein 2 and over
vein 1. Uncus broadly quadrifid.
la (6a). Unh no black spots.
tb (5). Upf with hyaline spots.
I (2a). Unh with a broad white border, 3 mm. wide and
cilia white. Upf hyaline white spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 4
and 6-8. Uph small hyaline spot in space 3. Below, apex
and costa F and H dark ferruginous. ¢ F 18 mm. ¢ upf
brand along cubitus reaches origin vein 3: brands below
vein 2 commence under origin vein 2.
1)
J.5o. EOTYCHIDE
physcella Hewitson 1866: 3 Rio: type B.M. Fig Hewitson
1873: Seitz: Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonym. unipunctata Hayward 1934: 2Argentine: figured.
B.M. 2 $ Minas Geraes. 30 3 725. Brazil (Rio. Parana.
Santa Catharina. Espirito Santo. Joinville. Petropolis.
Novo Friborgo).
2a (1). Unh no white border. Upf usually with hyaline spots
in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8: rarely in 1b (usually in Q) and in 4.
Unh border (3 mm.) may be paler and there may be small
spots in spaces 2 and 3 of which the latter is often hyaline.
3 upf sagittate brand over vein 2 just reaches origin of
vein 3: brands under vein 2 very long, extending to mid-
way between the base and origin of vein 2.
2 (3a). Upf spots in spaces 2 and 3 wide, wider than the
distance between them. ¢ F 21 mm. Hyaline spots
yellowish. Unh variable from brown to ferruginous.
complana Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. midia Hewitson 1877: Chiriqui. Fig Godman
& Salvin, 3, venation and genitalia.
gura Plétz 1883: Chiriqui: copy of MS fig in B.M.
favetta Plotz 1883: Chiriqui: copy of MS fig in B.M.
volesus Mabille 1883: Bogota.
midia Mabille 1891: Merida.
B.M. 1 ¢ “Texas”. 1 gf Mexico. 1 9 Guatema@is
Honduras. 2 ¢ 3 2 Costa Rica. 8 fg 1 2 Panama. 2 33
Colombia. 3 3 3 2 Venezuela. 1 ¢ Surinam. 15 ¢ Io
Ecuador (Paramba. Manabi. R. Pastaza. Zaruma). 1
Bolivia (Santa Cruz). 7 g 10 @ Para.
+0 +0 +0 Os
3a (2). Upf spots in spaces 2 and 3 not so wide as the space
between them. Hyaline spots clear white.
3 (4). ¢ F 18mm. Unh dark brown to ferruginous: outer
border not or only slightly paler.
subcordata. 2 sub-species.
(a). Only differs in respect of the clasp of the genitalia:
the cuiller is carried narrowly over the valva.
Sub-sp. ochus Godman 1900: ¢ Mexico: type B.M.:
figured, $ and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 2 3 Mexico. 1 $ Nicaragua.
(b). Cuiller not carried over valva.
198
J.so. EUTYCHIDE
Sub-sp. subcordata Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Seitz:
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonym. rogers: Kaye 1913: ¢ Trinidad: figured.
B.M. 2 $ Colombia. 1 ° Venezuela. 8 ¢ 8 2 Trinidad.
2 $63 2 Br Guiana. 1 2 Surinam. 1 2 Ecuador (Chimbo).
I g¢ Peru (Amazonas). 4 3 2 2 Upper Amazons (Teffe.
Tonantins. Santarem). 16 g 11 @ Para.
~ 4 (3). ¢ F 21 mm. Unh ferruginous; outer border conspi-
cuously paler ferruginous.
olympia Plétz 1883: Brazil. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 9 6 6 2 5S. Brazil (Minas Geraes. Rio. Santos.
Sao Paulo. Espirito Santo).
5 (1b). Above, unmarked. g¢ F 20 mm. Unh chocolate
with obscure dark ochreous scaling, may be small golden
dots in spaces 3 and 6. 3 upf the brands under vein 2 and
over vein 1 are very broad and nearly conjoined, constitut-
ing a stigma.
paria Plotz 1882: ¢ Chiriqui. Described by Godman as
achelous incorrectly.
B.M. 2 $ Costa Rica. 1 g Panama. 1 2 Colombia. 1 3
Amazons.
6a (1a). Unh with black spots.
6b (8). Above and unf unmarked brown. Unh with
irregular black discal spots in spaces 2, 3, 4-5 and 6.
Sparse grey scaling on unh and apex unf. ¢ upf sagittate
brand over vein 2 does not extend to origin of vein 3:
brands below vein 2 and above vein 1 as in physcella.
6 (7). Darker, g F 17 mm. Unf paler dorsally. Cilia
dark. Inner edge of cuiller not serrate.
sempa nov: ¢ Br Guiana: type B.M.: figured as asema by
Godman & Salvin, $ and genitalia. Fig Seitz as asema.
B.M. 2 31 2 Br Guiana.
7 (6). Lighter, ¢ F 15 mm. Unf not paler dorsally. Cilia
grey. Upf sparse grey scaling along costa. Inner.edge of
cuiller serrate.
subpunctata Hayward 1940: ¢ Argentine: genitalia figured.
Fig Hayward 1951, 3 genitalia.
B.M. 1 3 Fr Guiana.
199
J.51. ONOPHAS
8 (6b). 2 upf with hyaline white spots in spaces 2 and 3.
2F 20mm. Above, dark brown: below much paler brown.
Unf dorsally paler: curved row of sub-apical black spots
in spaces 4-6. Unh small dark spot before end cell and
a regular row in spaces 2, 3 and 4-5. Palpi grey and brown.
Antennal club all yellow below and shaft chequered.
angus nov: 2 Petropolis: type B.M.
B.M. 4958. Brazil (Petropolis. Sao Paulo, Parana).
9 Unidentified in B.M. Described in Pamphila and trans-
ferred by author in 1904 to Eutychide. 3 F 15 mm. Un-
marked black. Unf apex and costa and all unh with
ochreous scaling.
asema Mabille 1891: Honduras: MS fig in B.M. Godman
1900 on the evidence of the “‘type”’ from Berlin used the
name for the species here called sempa, which in no way
agrees with Mabille’s description of asema.
Synonym. subsordida Mabille: 2 Honduras: MS fig of
type in B.M. :
10 Unidentified in B.M.: described in Eutychide. 3 F
14% mm. Brown. Upf sub-hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3,
6 and 7. Unf spot in space 2 yellow scaled and yellow
area in space 1b. Unh with central and discal paler bands.
candallariae Strand 1920: ¢ Costa Rica.
J.51. ONOPHAS Godman 1900: type columbaria Herrich-
Schaffer: fixed by author.
Antennae long 9/15 costa: shaft plain, yellow under club,
which = + shaft, bent beyond middle to apiculus, nudum
4/9. Palpi somewhat flattened: third segment short, conical,
protruding. Mid tibiae spined. ¢ upf with a narrow tripar-
tite stigma.
la (3). Unh without spots. ¢ F 15 mm.
1 (2). Unh pale yellowish-brown.
columbaria. 2 sub-species.
(a). Above, brown; head, thorax and wing bases blue
glossed. Upf large quadrate dull yellow spot in space 2
and a smaller spot in space 3. Unf costa and apex
yellowish-brown: spots as upf and large whitish area in
space Ib.
200
J.52. LAMPONIA
Sub-sp. columbaria Herrich-Schaffer 1870: Brazil. Fig
Godman & Salvin, 3, venation, genitalia: Seitz.
Synonym. flossites Butler 1873: ¢ Amazons: type B.M.
Bevin eess2, 2 Panama, 3d. 3/2eColumbia.\29 6.7 2
Trinidad. 1 ¢ Bre Guiana, 2 2 Surimam), 1/3) 1.2 Fr
Guiana.. 1 ¢ 1 2 Ecuador (La Chima. Paramba). 1 2
Bolivia (Buenavista). 8 ¢ 5 2 Amazons (Teffe—Para). 1 9
Bahia.
(b). ¢ upf stigma obsolete. Unf and unh outer half of
wings darkened.
Sub-sp. distigma Bell 1930: ¢ Santa Catharina: genitalia
figured.
B.M. 2 ¢ Minas Geraes. 4 3 3 2 5S. Brazil (Rio. Sao.
Paulo).
2 (1). Unh yellowish-white with a sharply defined purple-
brown border. Upf reddish-brown, ill-defined yellowish
spots in spaces 1b (2 spots), 2, 3, 4-5, 6 and 7. Unf costa
yellow. Head above, metallic green. Palpi bluish-grey.
a F 218 mm.
watsoni Bell 1930: $ Santa Catharina: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 3 Rio.
3 (1a). Unh brown with small white spot at end cell and 5
on disc. ¢ F 13 mm. Upf unmarked, head green. Unf
paler, faint pale spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6.
chlorocephala Godman 1goo: $ Panama: figured. Fig
Seitz.
B.M. None.
J.52. LAMPONIA Evans (p. go): type /amponia Hewitson:
fixed by author.
Antennae typically long, as long as cell F: shaft chequered
brown and white, pale yellow under club: nudum 3/11.
Palpi small, rather flattened: third segment short, conical.
Mid tibiae spined. F vein 2 rises much nearer to base than
to origin of vein 3. 3 upf small sagittate brand over origin
vein 2. Uncus broad undivided. Above, species alike: thorax
green glossed faintly: blackish-brown wings: very large hya-
line white spot in space 2, 2 2 mm.: spots in spaces 3 and
6-8: unf no spot in space 1b.
201
J.53. NAEVOLUS
la (3). Antennae long, as far as to end cell in 4.
1 (2). Unh (and apex and costa unf) pale brown to
ochreous-brown or ferruginous brown: small white spot
end cell and a discal row from space Ic to space 7.
Antennal club above, basal half yellowish-white. g F
18 mm.
lamponia Hewitson 1876: 3 S. Brazil: type B.M.
Synonym. quadrangula Plotz 1883: Brazil. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 21 3g 16 9 S. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Parana. Novo
Friborgo. Petropolis. Santa Catharina. Espirito Santo.
Papagallo. Uniao da Victoria. Rio Grande).
2 (1). Unh (and apex and costa unf) bright ferruginous red,
centrally yellowish between end cell and the row of small
discal spots. Antennal club above, only slightly whitish at
base. ¢ F 17 mm.
travassoi Hayward 1942: 3 Sao Paulo: genitalia figured.
B.M. 446125. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Santos).
3 (1a). Antennae = 4 costa: distal half of club white above
in 3g, all brown in 2. Unh centrally and dorsally ochreous-
brown: base to end cell violet, also broadly beyond the
violet-white discal spots to the termen. Unf broad violet
scaling at apex. g F 20 mm.
elegantula Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 8 3 13 258. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Parana. Petropolis.
Theresopolis. Santa Catharina).
J.53. NAEVOLUS Hemming 1939: type orius Mabille:
sole species included was naevolus Godman, which is a
synonym of orius.
Synonym. Cydrus Godman 1900: type naevolus Godman:
sole species included: homonym of Cydrus Billberg 1820.
Antennae about $ costa: below, shaft chequered and pale
yellow under base of club: nudum 3/10. Palpi rather flat-
tened: third segment short, conical. Mid tibiae spined. ¢
upf with a tripartite stigma. F cell nearly as long as dorsum:
vein 2 rising nearer base than to origin of vein 3. Uncus not
deeply divided.
Single species. ¢ F 21 mm. Upf hyaline white spots in
spaces 1b, 2 (sagittate), 3, 6-7 or 8, 2 in cell. Cilia more
202
J.53. NAEVOLUS
or less conspicuously chequered. Unh with small white
spots on disc and at end cell.
orius. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf generally hyaline spot in space 9. Unh more or
less grey scaled: pale spot at base of space 7. End of
cuiller rounded.
Sub-sp. orius Mabille 1883: 3 S. America: type B.M.
_ Synonym. naevolus Godman 1900: § Mexico: type B.M.:
fig § and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 2 3 1 9 Mexico. 1 2 Guatemala. 3 ¢ 3 2 Colombia.
ia 0 2) Trinidad: 274° Br Guiana. 1° Ecuador: 2°32 2
Para. 1 $ Matto Grosso. 10 ¢ 6 ¢ S. Brazil (Rio. Sao
Paulo).
(b). Upf no hyaline spot in space 9. Unh ochreous-
brown, no grey scaling: no spot at base of space 7. End
of cuiller straight.
naevus nov: ¢ Ecuador, Paramba: type B.M.
B.M. 4 3 2 2 Ecuador (Paramba. Manabi).
A.H.—14 203
K. CARYSTUS GROUP
Characterised by the broad “quadrantic”’ palpi, the inner
side of the second segment longer than the side against the
head, seen from above: the third segment usually a short,
stout nipple.
Antennae generally not constricted before the apiculus:
nudum 10-16 segments, portion on club shorter than the
long apiculus.
Mid tibiae generally spined.
3 generally with brands or a stigma upf: a few species
have a tuft or long hairs uph. The sexual dimorphism in
Carystotdes is very remarkable.
A Neotropical group, corresponding with the Ploetzia
group in Africa and the Ancistroides group in Asia. ‘The
genera Talides of America, Gamia of Africa and Gangara of
Asia resemble one another closely enough to indicate a
common ancestry.
KEY “TO GENERA:
la (14a). F cell shorter than dorsum.
tb (7a). F vein 3 opposite veins 8 or g at their origins.
Ic (3a). Antennae > 4 costa. Above, unmarked dark
brown. Wings produced. 3 F 16 mm.
I (2). F vein 5 mid veins 4 and 6 at their origins. Unh
variegated red and brown. ¢ with brands upf. Mid tibiae
smooth.
Miltomiges. 2 species. Bahia—Argentine.
2 (1). F vein 5 decurved at origin, nearer vein 4, as usual.
Unh plain, may be faint spots. ¢ upf with brands or
stigma. Mid tibiae smooth or spined.
Styrioides. 7 species. Colombia—Bolivia and Brazil. »
3a (1c). Antennae = } costa. Wings rounded.
3b (5a). F vein 5 parallel to vein 4. Mid tibiae spined.
¢ upf with inconspicuous stigma. Above, markings incon-
spicuous or absent.
204
GROUP K. CARYSTUS
3 (4). Eyes red. Below, dark veins, at least on unf. 3 F
21-26'mm.
Dion. 3 species. Costa Rica—Brazil.
4 (3). Eyes brown. Below, no dark veins. $ F 17-22 mm.
Enosis. 11 species. Mexico—Bolivia and 5S. Brazil.
5a (3b). F vein 5 decurved at origin towards vein 4.
5 (6). Maid tibiae spined. Generally hyaline spots F and
unh plain. ¢ upf with more brands than any other species,
including under, as well as over, vein 1. ¢ F 17 mm.
Vertica nov: type Hesperia verticals Plétz. 4 species.
Guatemala-S. Brazil.
6 (5). Mid tibiae smooth. White and black. ¢ upf with
obscure brands. 3 F 20 mm.
Ebusus nov: type Papilio ebusus Stoll. 1 species. ‘Trinidad—
S. Brazil.
7a (1b). F vein 3 opposite veins ro or 11 at their origins.
7b (12a). Antennae = $ costa. F with hyaline white spots.
7c (10a). Antennal club = } shaft. F 18-19 mm.
7 (8a). Eyes red. 3 upf with stigma. Unh plain.
Evansiella. 1 species. S. Brazil, Paraguay.
8a (7). Eyes brown. Unh with black spots.
8 (9). 3 upf no brands.
Argon nov: type Carystus argus Moschler. 1 species.
Honduras—Argentine.
9 (8). 3 upf with brands.
Cobaloides. 1 species. Paraguay.
10a (7c). Antennal club = 4 shaft. F 26-29 mm. Unh with
conspicuous markings. ¢ upf usually a stigma.
10 (11). Apiculus angled, from well beyond thickest part
of club.
Sacrator nov: type Hesperia sacrator Godman & Salvin.
2 species. Colombia. Peru.
Il (10). Apiculus obtuse, from thickest part of club.
Megaleas. 1 species.’ Costa Rica.
205
GROUP K. CARYSTUS
12a (7b). Antennae > $ costa.
12 (13). F upper end cell not produced. 3 upf with
brands. ‘Tawny band F: unh plain. ¢ F 19-20 mm.
Lychnuchus. 4 species. Colombia-—S. Brazil.
13 (12). F upper end of cell produced. ¢ upf with stigma.
Upf with yellow hyaline spots: unh variegated. Large,
¢ F.22-2540m.
Talides. 3 species. Mexico-S. Brazil.
14a (1a). F cell = or > dorsum.
14b (27a). F vein 3 opposite veins g or 10 at their origins.
14c (22a). Antennae not > 4 costa.
14d (16a). Antennal paicalle obtuse from thickest part of
club. 3 uph long hairs along space 1b. Large, 3 F
26-28 mm.
14 (15). 3 F vein 5 decurved at origin. Above, un-
marked.
Tromba nov: type Tromba tromba Evans (p. 227).
2 species. Guatemala—Bolivia.
15 (14). 3 F vein 5 straight. Upf with broad tawny band.
Nyctus. 2 species. Colombia. Amazons.
I6a (14d). Antennal club angled from beyond its thickest
art.
at (18a). Antennal club = 4 shaft. No brands.
16 (17). Eyes brown. Mid tibiae smooth. Above, plain:
unh with dark veins. ¢ F 24-28 mm.
Turmada nov: type Dion turmada Druce. 3 species. Ecua-
dor. -Peru:, Brazil.
17 (16). Eyes red. Mid tibiae spined. Upf with white
hyaline band. unh with dark veins or pale yellow bands.
g F 21 mm.
Synale. 5 species. Mexico. Costa Rica. S. Brazil—Argentine.
18a (16b). Antennal club = } shaft.
18b (21). Mid tibiae spined.
18c (20). 3g upf no brands. $ F 19-22 mm.
18 (19). Unh veins black. Above, with conspicuous white
markings.
Carystus. 9g species. Colombia-S. Brazil.
206
GROUP K. CARYSTUS
19 (18). Unh veins not black. Above, typically with yellow
spots F and H.
Telles. 2 species. Honduras—Amazons.
20 (18c). 3 upf brands or stigma. White spots F and H.
é F 22-26 mm.
Tisias. 5 species. Panama—Brazil.
_ 21 (28b). Mid tibiae smooth. 3 no brands. Upf with white
spots: unh dark spots. ¢ F 22 mm.
Moeros nov: type Proteides moeros Méschler. 1 species.
Guiana—Amazons, Bolivia.
22a (14c). Antennae > 4 costa.
22b (25a). Antennal apiculus obtuse from beginning of
nudum.
22 (23a). Mid tibiae smooth. ¢ no brands. White spots
F and white area H. ¢ F 15-20 mm.
Cobalus. 3 species. Honduras—Brazil.
23a (22). Mid tibiae spined. F white spots: unh white or
yellow band.
232(24). F apex truncate. ¢ brands. F 18 mm.
Dubiella. 2 species. Honduras—Amazons.
24 (23). F apex not truncate. 3 may have stigma. F
22-23 mm.
Carystina nov: type Carystus lysiteles Mabille: 3 species.
Costa Rica—Peru.
25a (22b). Antennal apiculus curved from mid club.
25 (26). Antennae as long as lower end cell. ¢ uph with
hair tuft. Unh very variegated. F 22 mm.
Tellona nov: type Hesperia variegata Hewitson. 1 species.
Colombia—Bolivia and Amazons.
26 (25). Antennae as long as upper end cell. 3 upf with
stigma. Unh plain, with white spots. F 24 mm.
Damas. 1 species. Guatemala-—S. Brazil.
27a (14b). F vein 3 opposite vein 11 at their origins.
27b (29a). Antennal club above, more or less white. F 20-
25 mm. Upf with hyaline spots: unh with insignificant
markings. |
207
K.1. MILTOMIGES
27 (28). F origin vein 2 mid base and end cell. 3 upf with
stigma. F 24 mm.
Orphe. 2 species. Colombia—Peru and N. Brazil.
28 (27). F origin vein 2 much nearer to base than to end
cell. No brands, but a remarkable sexual difference in the
venation and positions of spots F. F 20-25 mm.
Carystoides. 12 species. Honduras-—S. Brazil.
29a (27b). Antennal club above, plain.
29 (30a). Mid tibiae smooth. ¢ with brand or stigma.
Upf with tawny band. Unh variegated. F 20-26 mm.
Lychnucoides. 3 species. Mexico—Paraguay.
30a (29). Mid tibiae spined. F 20-27 mm. ¢ upf usually
with a stigma. F hyaline spots.
30b (33). F vein 9 opposite vein 4 at their origins.
30 (31a). Unh variegated. 1 species has a tuft uph.
Perichares. 8 species. Mexico—Paraguay. W. Indies.
3la (30). Unh striped.
31 (32). H termen centrally rounded.
Orses. 2 species. Mexico—Paraguay.
32 (31). H termen centrally straight.
Alera. 4 species. Colombia-S. Brazil.
33 (30b). F vein 10 opposite vein 4 at their origins. Unh
striped.
Lycas. 2 species. Mexico—Argentine.
Keys to Species
K.1. MILTOMIGES Mabille 1903: type cimnamomea
Herrich-Schaffer: sole species included.
Antennae 3%; costa: shaft chequered, yellow under club:
club + shaft, bent at thickest point: nudum 12 segments.
Palpi, second segment slender, cylindrical; third segment
conspicuous, slender, short, conical. Mid tibiae smooth. F
vein 4 straight. H lower end cell not upturned. ¢ upf
brand against cubitus between origins of vein 3 and 2,
angled over vein 2 for a short distance: long brand under
vein 2.
208
K.2. STYRIOIDES
| (2). Unh red with a broad central dark band, abdominal
fold brown. §¢ F 16mm. Above, dark brown, unmarked:
head, collar, base of tegulae and base costa dark red. Unf
brown, dorsally paler: costa and apex dark red, paler in
spaces 6-8. Palpi, below, red: also leg clothing, thorax
and abdomen. ?
cinnamomea Herrich-Schaffer 1869: 2 ? loc: type B.M. Fig
Seitz: Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonyms. haematites Mabille 1879: Brazil.
depuncta Plotz 1882: Rio.
Bevis s. Colombia </)-4.°¢ Bahia) 4) 6 1 9. Minas
Geraes. 32 6 8 2 S. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Parana. Petro-
polis. Rio. Espirito Santo. Novo Friborgo).
2 (1). Unh not so red, with a broad obscure light grey band
and a grey anal stripe. ¢ F 13 mm. Otherwise as cinna-
momea.
obrepta Kivirikko 1936: $ Argentine: figured ¢ and geni-
talia: latter reproduced by Hayward 1951.
B.M. None.
K.2. STYRIOIDES Schaus 1913: type lyco Schaus: fixed
by author.
Antennae long, as long as the end of the cell F: club 4
shaft, obtuse from thickest part, nudum 12. Palpi broad,
third segment short and stout. Mid tibiae typically smooth
but spined in other species. g upf with brands or a stigma.
Allied to Enosis, but antennae longer. Above, unmarked.
la(s5a). 3 upf no brand over vein 1 (minute in quadrinotata).
tb (3a). ¢ upf short broad brand over and under origin
of vein 2. Palpi at sides, and cheeks, ochreous.
I (2). Aedoeagus without processes at the side. ¢ F
16 mm. Unf dorsum broadly whitish: sparse ochreous
scales along costa to apex: spots of whitish scales in spaces 3,
ame. 3; 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and'7 im @. Unh with sparse
ochreous scales, discal spots of yellowish scales in spaces 2,
3 and 6in dg, 1c—6 in @.
quadrinotata Mabille 1889: g Chiriqui: MS fig of type in
B.M. Fig Godman & Salvin: Seitz.
209
K.2. STYRIOIDES
Synonym. ? vanilia Schaus 1902: 9 Petropolis.
B.M. 1 3g Costa Rica. 2 g 1 2 Panama.
2 (1). Aedoeagus at end with a long curved process on either
side. ¢ F 17 mm. Below, brown, paler along dorsum up
to vein 2: spots of sparse yellow scales in spaces 3, 6 F and
2, 4,eOebl;
quota nov: ¢ Carimang R., Br Guiana: H. Whitely: type
B.M .
B.M. Only the type.
3a (1b). 3 upf long brand against cubitus between origins
of veins 2 and 3.
3 (4). 3d upf long brand under vein 2. ¢ F 15 mm. Palpi
and underside as guadrinotata. Unh spot of yellowish
scales at end of cell, as well as the discal spots in spaces
2-6. Aedoeagus with 3 unequal processes near the end.
penna nov: 3 Teffe, Amazons, Oct 1907: oo de Mathan:
type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
4 (3). 3 upf very short brand under vein 2. Above, shining
bronzy-brown. Below, chocolate, unmarked. Palpi yellow
and brown, not yellow at sides. Cilia F dull ochreous.
Antennal club yellow at base below and narrowly so above.
6 E17 mm.
lyco Schaus 1913: ¢ Costa Rica, Poas: figured.
B.M. 1 g¢ Colombia.
5a (1a). 3$ upf with a brand over vein 1.
5b (7). 3 upf no brand above vein 2: long brands over
vein 1 and under vein 2.
5 (6). Clasp with a projecting style from the valva. Plain
brown, unmarked, above and below. Palpi grey and white.
Base of antennal club, below, yellow. ¢ F 16 mm.
badius Bell 1930: 3 Bolivia: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 3S. Brazil (Espirito Santo).
6 (5). Clasp without a projecting style. Seems only separ-
able from badius on the genitalia.
zeteki Bell 1931: 3 Bolivia: Sesh os figured.
B.M. None.
210
K.3. DION
7 (5b). 3 upf with a tripartite stigma from origin of vein 3
to veini. ¢ F 18mm. Above, dark brown, black around
the stigma F. Below, brown, paler dorsally unf. Unf in
type with small faint yellow spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6.
Antennae, yellow at base club below. Palpi yellow and
black: orange at sides in the Ecuador specimen, as in
Enosis tmmaculata.
_ quaka nov: ¢ Bolivia: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Ecuador (Balzapamba). 1 ¢ Bolivia.
-K.3. DION Godman igor: type gemmatus Butler: fixed
by author.
Synonym. Zenida Mabille 1904: type meda Hewitson: sole
species included was abdon Plétz, a synonym of meda.
Antennae } costa: club slender, + shaft: apiculus obtuse,
nudum 13. Palpi broad, quadrantic: third segment short
and stout. Mid and hind tibiae spined. Eyes red. Wings
broad: H produced centrally. 3 upf with an insignificant
stigma from base of vein 3 to vein 1 or just below vein 2.
la (3). Unf apical area brown or yellow.
1 (2). Unh brown: dark area beyond cell bearing spots of
brilliant blue scales in spaces 2, 3, 4 and 5: dull red spot
under origin of vein 2 and a postdiscal row of similar spots,
becoming yellow apically, in spaces 1c-6. g¢ F 23 mm.
Above, 3 brown, unmarked: 2 upf apex broadly ochreous,
more or less shaded and veins dark. Unf ¢ apex paler
brown, 2 clear yellow with dark veins.
gemmatus Butler 1872: 3 Costa Rica: type B.M. Fig Butler
1874: Druce 1908: Seitz. Misspelt geminatus by Plotz
1882.
B.M. 2 3 7 9 Costa Rica. 1 $ Panama.
2 (1). Unh no blue spots.
carmenta. 3 sub-species.
(a). 226mm. Upf apex broadly dark brown, central area
pale yellow, much more conspicuous than in other sub-
species. Unh dark red only at the extreme base of space 8
and along less than basal half of space tc.
Sub-sp. acraea Pl6tz 1882: $ Colombia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 3 9 Colombia (W. Corderillas. Manizales).
ZA
K.4. ENOSIS
(b). g F 22 mm. Smaller, squarer and darker than
carmenta. Upf and unf pale area absent in g. Unh red
colouring much less extensive, only in basal half of space
1a, lower half of cell, less than basal half of space tc.
Sub-sp. coma nov: ¢ Ecuador, Balzapamba, Bolivar: M. de
Mathan 1884: type B.M.
B.M. 5 3 2 @ type loc.
(c). 9 24 mm. Above, brown: outer two-thirds pale
brown with dark veins and apex darker. Unf outer two-
thirds pale yellow with dark veins: apex brown for a
width of 5 mm. Unh pale brown with dark veins, as well
as dark streaks between veins and mid cell: space 8, lower
half cell, space 1c to mid disc and space 1a dark red.
é darker.
Sub-sp. carmenta Hewitson 1870: 2 Ecuador: type B.M.
Synonym. rubrinota Druce 1908: 3 Peru: type B.M.:
figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 3 2 Ecuador (Ambato). 1 g 1 9 Peru (Huanca-
bamba. Pichis Rd). 1 ¢ 1 2 Bolivia (Cochabamba).
3 (1a). Unf apical area and all unh, except for the brown
abdominal fold, is bluish- or greenish-grey with dark
veins. ¢ F 21 mm. Above, brown, unmarked.
meda Hewitson 1877: Brazil.
Synonym. abdon Plotz 1882: Brazil. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 3 33 ¢ 5. Brazil (Parana. Papagallo).
K.4. ENOSIS Mabille 1889: type dognini Mabille: fixed
by Watson 1893.
Synonyms. Metiscus Godman‘ 1goo: type achelous Plétz:
sole species included was atheas Godman, which is a
synonym of achelous.
Epinosis Schaus 1913: type angularis Méschler: type speci-
fied by author.
Antennae +3 costa: shaft chequered: club + shaft, bent at
thickest part to apiculus: nudum 3/8. Palpi broad, quad-
rantic: third segment short, stout, conical and bent forward.
Mid and hind tibiae spined. F vein 5 decurved and with
short, stout spur at its origin towards the radial, producing
with vein 4 and the cubitus the “quadrifide”’ formation
ar
K.4. ENOSIS
described by Mabille. ¢ upf with a curved narrow stigma
from the origin of vein 3 to vein 2, a dot below vein 2 and
the indication of a dot over vein 1. There are minor depar-
tures in structure from the type, but the genitalia, antennae
and palpi indicate a compact genus.
| (2a). F cilia conspicuously chequered. ¢ F 20mm. Upf
with small hyaline spots in spaces 3 and 6-8. Below,
ferruginous brown. Unf with a central pale area 8 mm.
wide at dorsum tapering to 3 mm. at costa, in g white to
vein 3 and yellow to costa, in 9 all yellow. Unh with a
silver discal band, broad from space Ic to space 3, narrow
and broken outwards in spaces 4 and 5, broad in space 6
and a detached spot mid space 7. In 9 spot in space 3 is
absent: 1 3 has a spot in space 4 unf: unh sometimes a
spot in cell.
dognini Mabille 1889: $ Loja, Ecuador: type B.M.
Synonym. candidus Bell 1942: 3S Ecuador: genitalia
figured. |
B.M. 1 9 Colombia. 3 ¢ Ecuador (Loja. Bafios). 2 ¢
Peru (Marcapata. Carabaya). 1 ¢ Bolivia.
2a (1). F cilia not chequered.
2b (12). Below, veins not pale.
2c (10a). F produced at apex, termen nearly straight.
2d (5a). Unh with blue spots.
2 (3a). Cilia conspicuously white. g F 22 mm. Upf
usually small hyaline spots in spaces 3, 6 and 7 (also in
space 2 in 2). Unf costa and apex dark ferruginous, also
unh, where there is a pale blue spot in space 3 and may be
also in spaces 2 and 6: paler in 2 along termen.
aphilos Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. albofimbriata Hewitson 1870: g Ecuador: type
B.M
obeda Butler 1870: 2 Venezuela: type B.M. Fig Butler
1874.
simplex Mabille 1889: 2 Venezuela: MS fig in B.M.
Bevis od) 2 sColombia.iag) in 2 Venezuela.)38: 4° 19 9
Ecuador (Rio Pastaza. Ambato. Manabi). 4 ¢g Peru
(R. Tabaconas. Cuzco. Huancabamba. Moyabamba. Cara-
baya). 3 ¢ 1 2 Bolivia (Cochabamba. Tanampaya).
213
K.4. ENOSIS
3a (2). Cilia concolorous with wing.
3 (4). Unh the blue spots in a straight line.
pruinosa. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 19 mm. Above, unmarked dark brown. Unf
dark brown: narrow, submarginal violet-blue band along
termen from apex to vein 2. Unh violet-blue band from
space Ic to space 6, divided by dark veins, nearly con-
joined to a broad submarginal violet-grey area, which
extends in spaces 1a—1c along the dorsum to the base.
3 uph with a dense recumbent tuft along space 1b from
base.
Sub-sp. pruinosa Plotz 1882: 5. America. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 2 3 Nicaragua. 3 3 4 2 Colombia.
(b). ¢ F 17 mm. Below, the blue colouring darker and
variable in extent: on unh reduced, discal band separated
from the submarginal band, which is more or less divided
by dark veins: both bands may be faint or even absent:
blue colouring not extending along dorsum.
Sub-sp. agassus Mabille 1891: 3 Massuary.
B.M. 3 ¢ Venezuela. 2 $ Br Guiana. 2 ¢ Fr Guiana.
9 669 Para. 1 fg Anna R. 2 9 Maranham. 2 $ Matto
Grosso.
4 (3). Unh the shining blue discal spots not in line, those
in spaces 2, 3 and 4 nearer mid wing than those in spaces
sand6. g F 13mm. Like pruinosa: unf pale brown, paler
dorsally.
iccius nov: 3 Takutu R., Br Guiana: H. Whitely: type B.M.
B.M. 1.6. Venezuela. 2 ¢ Br Guiana: 1 o> iggeeee
(R. Napo). 2 3 Para.
5a (2d). Unh no blue spots.
5b (7a). 3S with a dense tuft in space 1b. ¢ F 17 mm.
5 (6). Clasp with a long cuiller and a long style. Above,
brown, cilia outwardly grey. Upf small hyaline white spot
in space 3 and a dot in space 6. Unf as above, dorsum
rather paler, small shining pale yellow spots in spaces 2
and 3.
Blenda nov: ¢ Teffe: June 1906: W. Hoffman: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
214
K.4. ENOSIS
6 (5). Clasp with very short cuiller and style. Very like
blenda. ‘Vhe type has a smaller upper spot in space 2 upf
and a dot in space 7, as well as the spots in spaces 3 and
6. Unh with an obscure purple wash and sparse ochreous
scaling: pale yellow shining spots in spaces 2, 3-5, 6 and
a yellow streak in space Ic.
blotta nov: ¢ Trinidad, St Anne: A. Hall: March 1932:
type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ Trinidad.
7a (5b). 3 uph no such hair tufts.
7 (8a). 3 unf faint spots in spaces 1b and2. g F 22 mm.
Above, unmarked rusty brown. Unh unmarked dark
brown with a purplish tint. ¢ upf stigma broader.
horridus Bell 1940: 3 Iquitos, Peru: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
8a (7). 3d unf no spot in space 1b.
8 (9). Below, no ferruginous scaling.
immaculata. 2 sub-species.
(a). g¢ F 20mm. Above, $ unmarked, cilia grey: 2 may
have white dots in spaces 3 and 6. Below, dull dark
ochreous scaling at base costa unf and on unh, where there
is usually a small white spot in space 3, may be also in
spaces 2 and 6. Palpi olive and black, dull orange at sides.
Sub-sp. immaculata Hewitson 1868: ¢ Colombia: type B.M.
Fig Hewitson 1871: Seitz.
Synonyms. patens Plétz 1882: = immaculata.
atrata Mabille 1889: 3 Colombia: type B.M.
coroicensis Weeks 1901: Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1906.
inframaculata Strand 1921: 2 Costa Rica.
mgrans Hayward 1940: g Ecuador: genitalia figured.
Paratype in B.M.
Bere erg i 2 Wexicos 1 6 Honduras. 1 101g) 12) Costa
Rica. 2 ¢ Panama. 5 5 3 2 Colombia. 3 3 6 2 Venezuela.
23 56 12 2 Ecuador (Paramba. Rio Pastaza. Zamora.
Huigra. Ambato). 5 3S Peru (Chanchamayo. Pozuzo.
Carabaya.
(b). ¢ F 18mm. ¢ upf small white spots in spaces 3 and
6. Below, no dull dark ochreous scaling. ¢ upf stigma
paler and more conspicuous.
215
K.4. ENOSIS
Sub-sp. demon nov: $ Amazons, Tarapote: type B.M.
B.M. 3 3 Trinidad. 2 ¢ Fr Guiana. 3 ¢ 4 2 Amazons
(St Paulo d’Olivenca. ‘Tarapote). 4 3 Para.
9 (8). Below, with obscure dark ferruginous scaling on costa
and apex F and all H. g F 18 mm. Above, brown: apex F
broadly paler. Unf may have a whitish dot in spaces 3 and
6 and unh in space 3. ¢ upf stigma grey, conspicuous.
Aedoeagus ends in 2 pointed arms. Ostium bursa in 2
centrally pointed.
achelous Plétz 1882: 3 Chiriqui. Fig Seitz. Misused by
Godman 1900 for paria Plotz.
Synonym. atheas Godman 1go0: 3 Mexico: type B.M.:
venation and genitalia figured. Fig in Seitz of underside
very exaggerated.
B.M. 2363 9 Mexico. 2 ¢ Ecuador (La Chima. Quevedo).
10a (2c). F not produced, termen convex.
10(11). 3 upf stigma not continued to veint. ¢ F 17mm.
angularis. 2 sub-species.
(a). g upf unmarked: 92 with small white hyaline spots in
spaces 2, 3, 6 and sometimes 7. Below, brown: dorsum F
paler: H with a more or less well-marked central dark
band, beyond which the wing is paler and more or less
ferruginous. Back of cuiller of clasp angled: end of
aedoeagus not bifid.
Sub-sp. infuscata Plotz 1882: Brazil. Fig Schaus 1913 as
angularis. |
B.M. 1 3 2 2 Costa Rica. 1 6 3.9 Venezuela Gaga
Ecuador (Paramba).
(b). 3 upf with hyaline spots in spaces 3 and 6. Back of
cuiller of clasp excavate, not angled. The upper part of
the stigma upf in this species is appressed to the cubitus
throughout its length.
Sub-sp. angularis Méschler 1876: 3 Surinam. Fig by
Schaus 1913 1s of znfuscata.
Synonym. parvipuncta Moschler 1882: 3 Surinam:
figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 2 3 Br Guiana. 2 3 Fr Guiana. 1 ¢ Peru. 2 $22
Bolivia (Santa Cruz. Buenavista). 11 ¢ Amazons (Juhuty.
Santarem. Para). 1 ¢ Maranham. 1.¢ Rio.
216
K.5. VERTICA
Il (10). 3 upf stigma continued to vein 1. ¢ F 20 mm.
Above, unmarked. Below, brown, dorsum F paler: unf
costa and apex, and all unh overlaid dark ochreous scales:
unf unmarked: unh usually a small yellow spot in space 6
and often in space 3. 9 may have hyaline white dots in
space 3, 6-8 F and unh spots white instead of yellow.
misera Schaus 1902: 3 Petropolis.
B.M. 1 3 Minas Geraes. 16 3 8 2 S. Brazil (Petropolis.
Sao Paulo. Espirito Santo).
12 (2b). Below, dark brown, veins light brown, ¢ F 20 mm.
Above, rich dark brown: upf faint spots in spaces 3 and
6-8. Unf as upf. Unh faint yellowish spots in spaces 2-5:
faint purple tinge.
allianca Weeks 1go1: ¢ Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1906.
B.M. None.
K.5. VERTICA Evans (p. 205): type verticalis Plotz: fixed
by author.
Allied to Enosis. Antennae $ costa: club + shaft: apiculus
obtuse from thickest part of club: nudum 14 segments. Palp1
large, quadrantic: third segment short, stout. Mid tibiae
spined. Wings broad: F vein 2 much nearer base than to
vein 3: H cell > 4 wing. Typically 3 upf with long brands,
against cubitus between origins veins 2 and 3, over and under
veins 2 and vein 1, unlike any other genus.
| (2a). Upf without markings. ¢ F 18 mm. Above, dark
brown: head and collar green: anterior part of tegulae dark
ferruginous shading to indigo: base costa upf with dark
ferruginous scales. Unf brown, costa and apex broadly
ferruginous: discal area in space 1c broadly pale yellowish.
Unh abdominal fold brown, rest ferruginous with a dark
violet gloss, veins rather pale. Antennae yellow under
base club. ¢ upf brands typical: 9 upf broadly paler on
disc in spaces 1b-3.
umber Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
Synonyms. optata Hewitson 1877: Brazil.
rubida Plotz 1882: S. America: to replace umber wrongly
considered to be a homonym.
eM? 8-349. Para.
217
K.5. VERTICA
2a (1). Upf with conspicuous markings.
2b (4). Unh unmarked.
2 (3). Upf with adjoining spots in spaces 3 and 4. F vein 3
conspicuously upturned at its origin.
verticalis. 3 sub-species.
(a). 9 F 18-20 mm. Differs from grandipuncta in having
a cell spot upf and from verticalis in having 1 or 2 apical
spots unf and pale veins unh. Spot in space 1b upf absent
or present, single or double cell spot. Very variable: 3
undescribed.
Sub-sp. coatepeca Schaus 1902: 2 Mexico.
Synonym. subrufescens Schaus 1913: 2 Costa Rica: figured.
B.M. 1 2 Guatemala. 1 2 Honduras. 1 9 Nicaragua.
(b). ¢ F 17mm. Above, brown, head, collar and anterior
part of tegulae ferruginous: cilia pale yellow. Upf basal
half costa and space 12 ferruginous: narrow streak of yellow
scales along cubitus in cell from base to origin of vein 2:
yellow hyaline spot in space 2, adjoining spots in spaces 3,
4 and rarely a dot in space 6. Unf black, costa and apex
broadly ferruginous: pale area in space rb faint or absent.
Unh ferruginous, except for the brown abdominal fold:
veins paler. 2° upf spots larger, always a spot in space 4,
also in spaces 1b and 6: unf large pale discal area in
space Ib. ¢$ upf a brand under vein 3 in addition to the
typical series.
Sub-sp. grandipuncta Mabille 1883: 2 Para: type B.M.
B.M. 3 3 2 2 Br Guiana (bred on Bactris palm). 1 3 1 9
Ecuador (Ambato). 4 3 1 9 Upper Amazons (Pebas.
Tonantins. Santarem. Tapajos). 15 ¢ 12 2 Para.
(c). ¢ F 18mm. Upf spots larger, in spaces 2, 3 and 4.
Unf pale area in space 1b conspicuous: no apical spots.
Unh veins not pale: some violet suffusion in cell and on
disc making central area appear darker. ? spots upf larger,
a streak in space 1b and a double cell spot.
Sub-sp. verticalis Pl6tz 1883: 2 Brazil: copy of MS fig in
B.M.
Synonyms. commodus Plotz 1883: 3 Brazil: copy of MS
fig in B.M.
ergola Schaus 1902: Novo Friborgo.
B.M. 5 32958. Brazil (Rio. Petropolis. Espirito Santo).
218
K.6. EBUSUS
3 (2). g upf no spot in space 4. F vein 3 nearly straight and
no brand under vein 3. ¢ F 19 mm: like verticalis. Above,
thorax and wing bases with faint, but brilliant metallic
blue gloss. Upf small hyaline spots in spaces 2 and 3.
Unf dorsal white area more extensive. Unh uniform. 3
upf brand extends either side of cubitus between origins
of veins 2 and 3.
ibis nov: 3 Bolivia: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
4 (2b). Unh with a broad irregular silver area, 3 mm. wide,
from mid cell to base of space 3 and from mid space Ic to
vein 6, outwardly excavate in space 2: ground colour dark
red, abdominal fold brown. 2 F 18 mm. Upf black, basal
half of costa with dark red scaling: broad (2 mm.) conti-
nuous hyaline white band across cell, space 2 to mid space
1b, directed to tornus and tapering at each end. Uph
plain. Unf black, costa and apex broadly dark red: band
as above: dorsum rather paler.
pudor nov: 2 S. Brazil, Joinville: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
K.6. EBUSUS Evans (p. 205): type ebusus Stoll: fixed by
author.
Antennae = 4 costa: shaft plain: club + shaft, bent to
apiculus beyond thickest part: nudum 6/12. Palpi broad,
quadrantic, smooth: third segment a stout nipple. Mid
tibiae smooth. F venation abnormal: cell < dorsum: vein 5
decurved and vein 3 upturned, so that origins of veins 3, 4
and 5 are approximate: vein 2 arises near base and cubitus
between veins 2 and 3 is bowed. H lower end of cell up-
turned: termen excavate between veins 1b and 3. ¢ upf
with obscure broad brands, along cubitus between veins 3
and 2, over and under vein 2: aedoeagus very broad.
Single species. ¢ F 20 mm. Upf sub-hyaline white spots
Ic, 2, 3; 4, 5 (nearer termen); 6-8 apical; upper cell
spot: all or some faint or absent. Uph costal half brown,
tornal half white with a broad border along termen and
extending a white spot in spaces 4-5. Unh white, with
an irregular ferruginous border, which is shaded violet
A.H.—15 219
K.7. EVANSIELLA
and turns brown in spaces 1b and Ic: veins more or less
ferruginous. 2 spots upf larger and more hyaline.
ebusus Stoll 1780: 2 Surinam: figured. Fig Godman &
Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz.
Synonyms. psecas Stoll 1781: g¢ Surinam: figured.
belistida Hewitson 1866: 3 Para: type B.M.
aurora Plotz 1882: = ebusus.
B.M. 4442 Trinidad. 1 9 Br Guiana. 2° 1 9 Surinam.
4 64 9 Fr Guiana. 5 S$ Peru (Cuzco. La Merced.
Amazonas). 3 5 1 2 Bolivia (Farinas. Coroico. R. Songo.
Santa Cruz). 8 ¢ Upper Amazons (Iquitos. St Paulo
d’Olivenca. Upper Putumayo). 15 ¢ 12 2 Para. 1 9
S. Brazil (Rio).
K.7. EVANSIELLA Hayward 1948: type cordela Plotz:
fixed by author.
Antennae $ costa: club } shaft, bent at thickest point:
nudum 3/9. Palpi broad, quadrantic: third segment short,
stout. Mid tibiae spined. Wings broad: H tornus rounded.
Eyes red. 3$ upf with a narrow grey, tripartite stigma. F cell
short: vein 5 decurved at origin.
Single species. ¢ F 19 mm. Above, brown: cilia grey:
head, tegulae and costa F dark ochreous. Upf hyaline
white spots in spaces 1b, 2 (sagittate), 3 and 2 in cell,
which may be conjoined: 2 has also 1-3 apical spots and
sometimes a spot in space 4. Unf costa and apex broadly
and all unh light ochreous-brown, unmarked: rest of unf
dark brown and spot in space 1b suffused. Antennae,
below, all ochreous: above chequered yellow and black:
yellow about beginning of club. Palpi below, bright
ochreous.
cordela Plétz 1882: 9 ? loc: copy of MS fig in B.M. Fig
Hayward 1951: 3 and genitalia.
Synonyms. xanthosticta Plotz 1883: 2 Para. Fig Seitz.
Type examined at B.M.: exactly resembles 2 cordela,
except that on uph and unh there are 4 small, irregular,
pale spots in spaces 2, 3, 4 and 5. May prove to be a
sub-species.
crepuscularis Jorgensen 1932: 3 Paraguay.
B.M. 8 3395S. Brazil (Parana. Rio). 1 ¢ 4 2 Paraguay.
220
K.g. COBALOIDES
K.8. ARGON Evans (p. 205): type avgus Moschler: fixed
by author.
Antennae $ costa: club } shaft: bent at thickest point to
long apiculus: nudum 7/12. Palpi broad, quadrantic: third
segment a short, stout nipple. Mid tibiae spined. No secon-
dary sexual characters. F cell produced, but not as long as
dorsum.
Single species. ¢ F 18 mm. Upf brown: small opaque
white spot in space 1b (may be absent): hyaline spots in
spaces 2, 3 and a lower cell spot: may also be a dot in
space 6 and an upper cell spot. Unf apex violet-grey:
spot in space 1b larger: black sub-apical spots in spaces
4-8, of which the spot in space 6 may have a white pupil.
Unh violet-grey with conspicuous, irregular, black spots
in spaces 2, 3 (usually white pupilled), 4-5 (large and
nearer end cell), and 6, all narrowly white-edged.
argus Moschler 1878: $ Colombia. Fig Godman & Salvin,
§ and genitalia: Seitz: Hayward, ¢ and genitalia.
Synonyms. cerymicoides Burmeister 1879: 3 Argentine:
figured.
rastaca Schaus 1902: ? Petropolis.
B.M. 3 ¢ Honduras. 1 $ Costa Rica. 1 ¢ Panama. 1 ¢
1 2 Venezuela. 1 $ Trinidad. 1 $2 9 Br Guiana. 12 $69
Lower Amazons. 1 ¢ 1 9 Pernambuco. 2 ¢ S. Brazil
(Parana. Santa Catharina). 1 ¢ 2 9 Argentine.
K.9. COBALOIDES Hayward 1938: type argus Hayward:
sole species included.
As far as can be ascertained Cobaloides only differs from
Argon in the secondary sexual characters, which are absent
in Argon and in Cobaloides consist of a brand against the
cubitus between the origins of veins 2 and 3, a brand over
vein 2 and another over vein 1. ‘The ¢ and 9 types were sent
to the B.M. for examination, but neither specimen had any
palpi and there was only one antenna with the apiculus
broken off.
Single species. ¢ F 19 mm. Above, brown: upf with pale
yellow hyaline spots in spaces rb, 2, 3, 6-8 and a double
cell spot. Unf apex violet-grey with some dark spots
221
K.10. SACRATOR
between the apical spots and the termen. Unh violet-
grey with a regular row of pale-edged black spots in
spaces 1c~—7 and a cell spot under the origin of vein 7.
argus Hayward 1938: 3 Paraguay: genitalia and venation
figured. Fig Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. None.
K.10. SACRATOR Evans (p. 205): type sacrator Godman
& Salvin: fixed by author.
Antennae 4 costa, all black: club 4 shaft, bent beyond
thickest point: apiculus 4 length of club: nudum 5/11. Palpi
broad, quadrantic: third segment short, stout. Mid tibiae
spined. Wings very broad. F cell < dorsum: vein 2 nearer
base than to vein 3. H vein 1a < vein 2: lower end of cell
upturned. ¢ upf typically with an irregular, broken, gréy
discal stigma.
| (2). Above, dark brown, unmarked except for the stigma
F: cilia yellow on H and up to vein 3 F: head and tegulae
dark ferruginous with an obscure iridescent green gloss.
Unf basal half dark brown to origin vein 3, whence runs a
narrow brown streak along end of cell: centrally a yellow
area (5 mm. in middle) from vein 1 tapering to costa: apex
light ferruginous from end cell to mid space 2: tornus
dark brown. Unh basal 3 dark ferruginous to end vein rb:
outer third yellow, narrowly shaded ferruginous along
termen and inwardly edged by a series of irregularly placed
small white spots in spaces 2-6. Palpi and pectus ferru-
ginous. ¢ F 29 mm.
sacrator Godman & Salvin 1879: $ Colombia: figured:
type B.M.
Synonym. stupenda Draudt 1925: 3 Colombia: figured.
B.M. 1 $ Colombia. 3 ¢ Peru (Huancabamba).
2 (1). Above, black with conspicuous tawny markings: |
collar and tegulae dark ferruginous: thorax and. wing
bases with a conspicuous iridescent green gloss: no
stigma. Upf very large, central, opaque tawny spots in
spaces Ib, 2 and cell: small hyaline white spots in spaces
3-9. Uph broad discal tawny band, divided by dark veins,
tapering from 6 mm. at vein 7 to 3 mm. at vein 2. Unf
222
K.11. MEGALEAS
as upf, apex and costa dark ferruginous. Unh dark ferru-
ginous: outer third, tapering from vein 7 to mid space Ic,
white divided by dark veins and outwardly bordered dark
ferruginous. Cilia black. Palpi black: pectus ferruginous.
3 F 30mm. 2 as ¢ but unh the white area traversed by an
irregular discal thick black line.
polites. 2 sub-species.
(a). As described above.
Sub-sp. polites Godman & Salvin 1879: ¢ Colombia:
figured: type B.M. Omitted in Seitz.
B.M. 2 3 1 2 Colombia.
(b). Only differs in that upf the spots in spaces 3-9 are
tawny, like the large central spots. Unf the spots in
spaces 6-9 are white.
Sub-sp. pilla nov: ¢ Oxapampa, W. Peru: type B.M.
B.M. 6 3 N. Peru (Oxapampa. Huancabamba).
K.11. MEGALEAS Godman igor: type syrna Godman
& Salvin: sole species included.
Antennae 4 costa: shaft slightly chequered, whitish at base
of club: club = } shaft, bent at thickest point to apiculus,
which = 2 club: nudum 15. Palpi broad quadrantic: third
segment short, stout and bent forward. Mid and hind tibiae
spined. Wings broad: F cell nearly = dorsum: H end cell
upturned and vein 1a = vein 8. ¢ upf with a broken grey
stigma. Like Gamia of Africa and Gangara of India.
Single species. $ F 26 mm. Dark brown with conspi-
cuous hyaline yellow spots. Upf large cell spot occupying
amos: the entire cell, except the extreme base: large -
spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3 and 6-8 in line. Uph small spots
in cell and spaces 4-5 and 6. Below, costa and apex F and
all H with dark ferruginous scaling and a faint purple
wash.
syrna Godman & Salvin 1879: ¢ Costa Rica: type B.M.
Fig Godman & Salvin 1900 and Seitz.
B.M. Only the type.
K.12. LYCHNUCHUS Geyer 1831: type celsus Fabricius:
sole species included was olenus Geyer, a synonym of celsus.
223
K.12. LYCHNUCHUS
Yellow banded species resembling Lychnucoides and
Nyctus. Antennae rather longer than } costa, bent beyond
thickest part of club to an apiculus = 3 club: nudum 5/8.
Palpi quadrantic: third segment short, stout, erect. Mid
tibiae spined. F cell shorter than dorsum: vein 5 slightly
decurved: vein 2 nearer base than to vein 3: radial veinlet
to just beyond vein 3, faint. ¢ upf with dark brands.
§ F 19-20 mm.
la (4). Unh plain, without spots.
tb (3). Uph entirely dark brown.
1 (2). Upf cilia at tornus yellow. Above, no green colour-
ing on thorax or wing bases. Otherwise resembles celsus,
but termen F is more convex. ¢ brand upf short Wedee
above base vein 2 and a short bar below it.
victa nov: ¢ Uruhasi, S. Peru, 7000 feet, May 1gi1o: H. 8
C. Watkins: type B. M.
B.M. 2 3 1 2 Colombia (Bogota. Manizales. Honda).
6 3 2 2 Ecuador (Loja. Chimbo. Saracayu. Balzapamba.
Rio Pastaza). 7 ¢ 2 2 Peru (Limbani. Pozuzo. Uruhasi.
Marcapata. Huanco. Carabaya). 1 ¢ Bolivia.
2 (1). Upf cilia at tornus brown, as elsewhere. 3 F termen
straight: brand along cubitus above origin of vein 2 and
a longer streak below it. Above, thorax and wing bases
shining greenish-blue in fresh specimens.
celsus Fabricius 1793: Indiis: figured in Jones Icones,
figure checked and found to agree with olenus. Fig in
Seitz pl 171a = Celaenorrhinus syllius Felder.
Synonym. olenus Geyer 1931: 3 Brazil: figured. Fig
Seitz.
B.M...1 2 °Para’’. 1 3 Minas Géraes. 46 eee
S. Brazil (Novo Friborgo. Sao Paulo. Espirito Santo.
Santa Catharina).
3 (1b). Uph apex pale yellow (1 mm.) above vein 8 to above
vein 6 and cilia narrowly white on to vein 2. Upf central
hyaline yellow band ends at vein 2 and there is a small
central spot under vein 2: from cell to costa band is
opaque. Unf dark brown, costa before band and apex
ferruginous: space 1b yellow from outer end of band to
224
K.13. TALIDES
midway between the inner end of band and origin of
vein 2. Unh ferruginous: dark brown from vein 1A to
mid space 1c: white band (13 mm.) along termen from
above vein 8 to just below end of vein 2. Palpi, below,
and pectus ferruginous. ¢ upf rather long narrow brands
above and below vein 2 as well as above and below vein 1.
Antennae rather longer than in celsus. § F 20 mm.
brasta nov: ¢ Chanchamayo, Peru: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
_ 4 (1a). Unh dark ferruginous, rather faint pale small spots
in cell and on disc from space 2 to space 6. 2 F 20 mm.
Upf with a broad tawny band as in victor, but not extend-
ing beyond the costal vein: inner edge straight: outer edge
straight in spaces 1b and 2, reduced to half its width above
vein 3: dark tawny apical spots in spaces 6, 7 and trace
of a spot in space 4. Cilia brown. Uph unmarked. Unf
apex and costa dark ferruginous, markings as on upf.
pelta nov: 2 Zamora, Ecuador: 3—4000 feet: O. ‘I’. Barron:
type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
K.13. TALIDES Hiibner 1819: type semors Hiibner: fixed
by Scudder 1870 as sergestus Cramer = sinois Htibner: but
sergestus is a different species from szmois and was not 1n-
cluded by Hibner.
Antennae long 43 costa F: shaft typically chequered
yellow and black: club # shaft, bent just beyond thickest
part: apiculus = $ club: nudum 2/12. Palpi broad quad-
rantic: third segment, a stout nipple. Mid tibiae with short
spines, legs shaggy. F cell nearly as long as dorsum. ¢ upf
with a grey stigma from base of vein 3 to mid vein 1. Upf
with yellow hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3 and cell as well as
apical spots in spaces 6-8 or g: in ¢ the spot in space 2 is
widely separated from the cell spot, but in the 9 they
adjoin. Uph with a single small hyaline discal spot. Unh
variegated. Back of tegumen prolonged as a spike behind
the uncus.
! (2a). Unf lilacine-grey area at apex broadly triangular,
extending to inner edge of the spot in space 3. Unh with
225
K.13. TALIDES
a continuous, well-defined, lilacine-grey band from under
the cell at base of space 1c to the apex. ¢ F 22 mm.
sergestus Cramer 1775: 3 Surinam: figured. Fig by Seitz
= alternata and by Hayward 1951 = sinozs.
Synonym. adjuncta Plotz 1882: $ Colombia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 ¢ 1 9 Mexico. 1 § Guatemala. 2 ¢ Honduras.
1 ¢-Costa-Rica. 2 ¢ 2 2 Panama. 2 ¢ Colombia]
Venezuela. 7 3 3 2 Trinidad. 6 g 2 2 Br Guiana. 4322
Fr Guiana. 6 g 2 2 Peru (Chanchamayo. La Merced).
12 6 12 2 Para. 1 9 Pernambuco. 2 ¢ Matto Grosso.
3 6229S. Brazil (Santa Catharina).
2a (1). Unf lilacine-grey area at apex is a narrow sub-
marginal band of even width, which does not extend to
the spot in space 3. Unh no defined lilacine- -grey band."
2 (3). 3d upf spot in space 2 adjoins the spot in space 3.
Inner, upper, end of clasp sinuous.
sinois. 3 sub-species.
(a); '¢ F232 tam: iegueen spike shorter than uncus.
End of clasp broad, sloped at back.
Sub-sp. cantra nov: 3 Guatemala: type B.M.
B.M. 4 312 Mexico. 1 § Guatemala. 2 $ 3 2 Honduras.
I 61 Q Nicaragua. 3 ¢ 3 2 Panama. 3 ¢ 4 2 Colombia.
2465 2 Venezuela.
(b). $¢ F 22-24 mm. Wings produced: cilia yellowish-
grey. ‘egumen spike as long as uncus. Clasp tapered.
Sub-sp. sinois Hiibner 1819: 2 Surinam.
Synonyms. sion Stoll 1781: 2 Surinam: figured. Homo-
nym by Poda 1761. Fig as sergestus by Godman & Salvin
and Hayward 1934 and 1951.
eudega Hewitson 1867: 3 Para: type B.M.
B.M. 6 ¢ 3 2 Trinidad. 7 ¢ 4 9 Br Guiana, 2 aa
Surinam. 7 3 4 ¢ Fr Guiana. 4 ¢ 7 2 Ecuador (R. Napo.
Paramba. Balzapamba. Quevedo). 5 3 3 9 Peru (Iquitos.
Ucayali. Moyabamba). 3 ¢ E. Bolivia (Santa Cruz).
5 6 2 2 Upper Amazons (Teffe. Obydos. St Paulo
d’Olivenca). 31 3 31 @ Para.
_ (c). ¢ F 23 mm. Wings less produced and cilia more
orange than in sznois. ‘Tegumen spike long as in sinozts.
Clasp broad-ended, back rounded.
226
K.14. TROMBA
Sub-sp. riosa nov: 3 Antonio dos Brotos, San Fidelis, Rio
de Janeiro: Auguste Vincent de Lyon: 1876-1882: type
B.M.
B.M. 1 2 Maranham. 1 @ Matto Grosso. 9 ¢ 5 2 S.
Brazil (Rio).
3 (2). 3 upf spot in space 2 not adjoining spot in space 3,
placed midway between that spot and the origin of vein 3.
Tegumen spike shorter than uncus. Clasp broad-ended:
the inner, upper face convex not sinuous.
alternata. 2 sub-species.
(a). g F 23-25 mm. F spots yellower than in sznozs,
ferruginous costal colouring more conspicuous and exten-
sive: usually in ¢ with additional spots in spaces 1b and 9.
Wings rounded. Cilia bright orange. Antennal shaft yellow.
Sub-sp. alternata Bell 1941: $ Santa Catharina: genitalia
figured. ¢ fig Godman & Salvin pl 106/25 as sergestus
var: Seitz pl 1926 as sergestus.
B.M. 2 3 Guatemala. 2 ? Costa Rica. 2 ¢ 1 2? Colombia.
5 2 Venezuela. 1 2 Surinam. 2 $ 1 9 Ecuador (Balza-
pamba). 2 $ Peru(Chanchamayo. Chiriamayo). 1 9 Para.
1 3¢ Novo Friborgo.
(b). ¢$ F 27mm. Darker with smaller markings, just like
a large sinois. Cilia narrow, dark orange.
Sub-sp. hispa nov: g¢ Bugaba, Panama: 800-1000 feet:
Champion: type B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ Panama. 1 $ Colombia. 1 ¢ Venezuela.
K.14. TROMBA Evans (p. 206): type tromba Evans: fixed
by author.
Antennae short, 4% costa: club = 4} shaft, obtuse at
thickest point: nudum 3/11. Palpi quadrantic: third seg-
ment stout, short. Mid tibiae smooth. Wings broad. F cell
long = dorsum. ¢ uph with long hairs along space 1b. The
antennae are less bent than usual: the apiculus is almost in
continuation of the club.
| (2). Cilia brown. Unh ferruginous, sparsely overlaid with
white scales, presenting a pink mottled appearance, except
in spaces 7 and 8: cilia with a few white hairs. Above,
unmarked dark brown. Unf costa and apex ferruginous.
227
K.15. NYCTUS
Abdomen below, white. Palpi ferruginous with white
hairs: cheeks white. g F 28 mm.
tromba nov: ¢ Peru, Chanchamayo: C. O. Schunke: type
B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Peru (Chanchamayo). 2 ¢ Bolivia (Songo).
2 (1). Cilia at tornus yellow. Unh basal half dark ferrugin-
ous, the outer half, below vein 6, is yellow except for the
brown costal fold. Above, unmarked. Uph, in spaces 1c
and 2, the yellow colouring of the cilia extends on to the
wing for a short distance, generally more so in the 9. Unf
costa and apex dark ferruginous, paler mid termen. 3 F
26 mm.
xanthura Godman 1go1: $ Honduras: type B.M.: ie
¢ and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1-9? Guatemala... 6 ¢>4 9 Honduras) 5 ae
Panama. 8 3 Colombia.
K.15. NYCTUS Mabille 1891: type crimitus Mabille: sole
species included.
Yellow banded species resembling Lychnuchus and Lych-
nucoides. Antennae less than half length of costa with a long
obtuse apiculus from the thickest part of the club: nudum
17 segments. Palpi quadrantic: third segment, a short nipple.
Mid tibiae smooth. F cell as long as dorsum: vein 5 parallel
to vein 4: vein 2 rather nearer to base than to vein 3: lower
radial veinlet to just beyond vein 3. H vein 1a > vein 8.
¢ without a brand, but uph with very long erect hairs along
space 1b from near base to beyond middle. Upf with a broad
continuous yellow band from mid costa to tornus above end
of vein 1. Uph apex yellow edged. ¢ F 27 mm.
| (2). Below, black with strong purple gloss. Unh veins
rather paler: yellow apex from above vein 8 to vein 4. ‘The
B.M. specimen has veins 7 and 8 F stalked.
hiarbas Cramer 1775: Surinam: figured. Fig in Seitz,
pl 170g = Lychnucotdes ozias ozina.
B.M. 1 $ Colombia (Rio Magdalena).
2 (1). Below, black, no purple gloss: unh and apex unf veins
narrowly but conspicuously bright green including on
228
K.16. TURMADA
unh the radial and vein 5. Unh yellow apex very narrow,
not extending below vein 6.
—crinitus Mabille 1891: ¢ Brazil (Pebas, Amazons): type
B.M. (ex coll Oberthiir).
B.M. Only the type.
K.16. TURMADA Evans (p. 206): type turmada Druce:
_ fixed by author.
Antennae 3 costa, $2: shaft plain black: club long = 4
shaft, bent to apiculus beyond thickest part: nudum 4/10
(10/11 in camposa). Palpi quadrantic: third segment, a stout
nipple. Mid tibiae smooth: upper spurs on hind tibiae short.
F cell long = dorsum. No secondary sexual characters.
Without spots upf and unh all veins black.
| (2a). Unh no black central band and unf no orange spot
mid costa. End abdomen dark brown. 3$ F 24 mm.
Above, dark brown, veins darker: basal 2 H and on F
below origin vein 2 and along space ta, iridescent blue.
Head black, some central white hairs, white spot on either
side above the eye, white hairs behind each palpi: tegulae
dark orange. Below, yellowish-green with conspicuous
black veins: basal area unf and abdominal fold unh dark
brown: unf obscure whitish diffused discal area in space
tb. Palpi and pectus black with a few white hairs: against
eyes palpi are white and there is a narrow white line
between eyes and thorax.
turmada Druce 1912: 2 Ecuador: figured: type B.M.
Bevie ae Peru (San Remon, 3000 feet). 1 9 Ecuador
(Rio Pastaza, El ‘Topo, 4200 feet).
2a (1). Unh with a black central band. Unf with an orange
spot mid costa. End of abdomen red.
2 (3). Unh green. Unf basal half of costa narrowly
yellow. Above, tegulae black. ¢ F 28 mm.
camposa Plotz. 1886: Brazil. Fig Seitz pl 166b,-c: 2 iig on
pl 165b is of maravilha.
B.M. None.
3 (2). Unh dull orange. Unf basal 4 costa not yellow.
Above, tegulae at end, orange. Head black with some
229
K.17. SYNALE
obscure dark red hairs: white spot on either side of eye.
Above, indigo-blue: obscure blue on basal half H: cilia
white on H and dorsal half F. Below, palpi black, 2 white
spots on either side near eye and some white hairs at inner
edge of first segment: cheeks yellow, continuing as a white
line between thorax and eye: pectus partly orange. 3 F
28 mm.
maravilha Foetterle 1902: 3 Itamurty, Brazil: figured. Fig
Seitz pl 165b as camposa.
B.M. 1 2 Rio (P. Germain 1883).
K.17. SYNALE Mabille 1904: type hylaspes Stoll: sole
species included.
Antennae very short 5% costa: shaft plain black: club long
= +4 shaft, bent to apiculus at thickest part: nudum 4/12.
Palpi broad, quadrantic: third segment short and stout. Mid
tibiae with short spines. F cell long = dorsum. No secon-
dary sexual characters. Eyes red. Abdomen = dorsum H.
Species generally resemble Carystus: sexes only differ in the
type species.
| (2a). Upf no apical markings: 3 large central hyaline white
spots in line, in cell, spaces 2 and rb (oblique). Uph un-
marked. Unf costa and apex, and all unh yellowish-green
with black veins. ¢ F 21 mm.
cynaxa Hewitson 1868: 2 Mexico: type B.M. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 2 Mexico. 2 5 1 2 Costa Rica.
2a (1). Upf with apical markings. Uph with a white area.
2 (3a). Unh with a broad white streak from base of cell to
termen in spaces 4—5, crossed by a black bar at end of cell:
a yellow spot from extreme base of cell to costa. ¢ upf
white hyaline spots in space 2 and cell, with sometimes
a dot in the upper half of space 1b: an opaque white sub-
apical band from space 4 to space 9, 2 mm. broad. Uph
with an opaque white rectangular area from end cell half-
way to termen in spaces 4 and 5 with more or less of a
continuation into spaces 3 and 6. Below, apex F and all H
with an indigo glaze. Unf the sub-apical band pale yellow,
reaches termen: suffused white spot across space 1b under
the spot in space 2. ° upf sub-apical band narrower: dot
230
K.17. SYNALE
in space 3 and oblique spot in space 1b, both of which
may be absent. Uph white area not extending into spaces 3
and 6. $ F 21 mm.
hylaspes Stoll 1781: 2 ? loc: figured. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. silanion Plotz 1882: 9 Bahia. Fig Seitz:
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 1 3 Pernambuco. 2 2 Bahia. 1 § Matto Grosso.
635295. Brazil. 2 ¢ 1 9 Paraguay.
3a (2). Unh no such streak. Uph and unh with a conspi-
cuous white discal band.
3b (5). Unh with a pale streak from base to end cell.
3 (4). Unh with a pale yellow spot at extreme base of
costa and a dash in space tc below the cell streak: discal
band broadened towards termen and extending to space
1b: space 1c white. Upf like elana, markings white. Cilia
white at tornus F and H, continued on H along dorsum.
Uph as elana. Unf no spot in space 3 and the central band
not continued to costa, but spot in space rb is continued
to vein I. 2 upf spot in cell outwardly excavate: spot in
space 1b broad: oblique narrow spot in space 3. Unf spot
in space 1b quadrate and a streak in space 1a below it
towards base. ¢ F 20 mm.: 9 26mm. Head yellow before
palpi, which, below, are basally yellow. Abdomen yellow
striped on each segment.
sylvanus Hayward 1948: $ Argentine: genitalia figured.
Fig Hayward 1951 ¢ and genitalia as szlvanus.
B.M. 1 2 Uruguay (Paysandu).
4 (3). Unh no yellow spot at base costa. Upf central con- |
joined hyaline white spots in space 2 and cell: pale yellow
apical band in spaces 4-9: upper yellow spot in space 1b.
Uph pale yellow discal band in spaces 2-7. Below, black.
Unf central band continued to costa and to vein 1: small
white spot in space 3. Unh discal band yellower, cell
streak orange. Abdomen tip yellow: yellow spot on either
side of last five segments.
elana. 2 sub-species.
(a). 3 20mm. 9 as ¢ but spot in space 3 present upf and
spot in space 1b often continued to vein I.
Sub-sp. elana Plotz 1882: Brazil. Fig Seitz.
p38!
K.18. CARYSTUS
Synonyms. campicola Kaye 1918: 3 Brazil.
heinricht Jorgensen 1935: 3 Paraguay: figured.
B.M. 1 3 Bolivia (Buenavista). 1 ¢ Goyaz. 2 3 1 2 Matto
Grosso. 6 g Parana. 1 g 2 9 Paraguay.
(b). 2 F 25 mm. All pale markings much wider. Upf spot
in space 3 quadrate: an oblique streak mid costa above the
central band.
Sub-sp. apheka Kaye 1918: 2 Uruguay: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
5 (3b). Unh no pale streak in cell. ¢ F 20 mm. Above, as
elana, all markings white. Below, as elana: unf no spot in
space 3 and the pale yellow sub-apical band extends to
space 2. Unh the discal band runs from vein rb to costa,
less divided by dark veins. Abdomen below, yellow, each
segment conspicuously with a black spot at centre and on
either side.
metella Plotz 1882: Brazil. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 3 2 2 Matto Grosso. 1 ¢ Minas Geraes. 2 ¢ Sao
Paulo. 1 3 Paraguay.
K.18. CARYSTUS Hibner 1819: type jolus Stoll: fixed by
Butler 1870.
Antennae short, 3% costa: shaft plain: club stout, + shaft,
bent at thickest part of club: apiculus > 4 length of club:
nudum 6/12. Palpi quadrantic; third segment, a stout.
nipple. Mid tibiae with a few spines. No secondary sexual
characters. F cell long = dorsum. The species are generally
sexually dimorphic: $ upf with the central spots together,
apart in 9: ¢ with a large white pre-apical area upf, 2 with
small spots: ¢ uph with a large circular white central area,
Q with a narrow streak or unmarked. Unh with dark
veins.
la (6a). Unh with a continuous broad pale streak from near
base, through cell nearly to mid termen.
1 (2a). 3 upf without apical spots and uph unmarked.
Unf a yellow pre-apical band. ¢ F 19 mm.
elvira Plotz 1882: 3 S. America. Fig Seitz.
B.M. None. May be an aberration or a faulty figure.
232
K.18. CARYSTUS
2a(1)2 Supt oat 3 (rarely reduced to 1) small irregular
hyaline apical spots. Uph conspicuously marked. Eyes
brown.
2 (3a). ¢ uph a narrow, unbroken central white streak, as
in 9 periphas. $ F 19 mm. Upf as periphas 2: dot in
space 4 in type. Uph cilia narrowly white to end of vein 7,
as in jolus 9. Unf costa and apex, and unh purple-grey.
Unh central white streak from mid cell to mid spaces 4-5
and a similar streak under cell.
hocus nov: ¢ Demerara: Castell: type B.M.
B.M. 1 $ Br Guiana. 1 ¢ Surinam. 1 ¢g Peru (Tarapote).
3a (2). 3S uph with a large, circular, central white area: 9?
with a narrow central white streak.
3 (4a). 2 uph with the central white streak undivided:
Sia as in 3, white only at tornus F and H, as far as vein 2.
periphas. 2 sub-species.
(a). Unf at apex the greenish submarginal streaks are
short and well clear of the discal and apical hyaline spots.
2 F 20 mm.
Sub-sp. amax nov: ? Cananche, Cundinamarca, Colombia:
M. de Mathan: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
(b). g F21 mm. Above, as jolus, but upf spot in space 1b
= or > spot in space 3. Uph portion of white area in
space Ic > portion in space 2. Unf apex and all unh pale
greenish: spot in space 1b of same size as on upf. 2 unf,
as in g, the greenish apical streaks are long, passing be-
tween the discal and apical hyaline spots.
Sub-sp. periphas Mabille 1891: 2 Massuary. MS fig of type
in B.M.
uve, to 1 9 Fr Guiana. 1 ¢ Ecuador. 1 ¢ Peru (La
Merced). 4 3 3 9 Upper Amazons (Pebas. Iquitos.
Upper Putumayo. Villa Nova. Santarem. Rio Madeira).
Ba2] bata.
4a (3). 2 uph the white streak more or less completely
divided by a dark bar at end cell, size 6 * 1 mm.
4(5). 5 2 upf the cell spots one above the other, edges in
ine. ¢ F 22 mm. Upf large central spots, in space 2 and
2 in cell (may be conjoined) more or less in line; spots in
=3h3
K.18. CARYSTUS
spaces 1b and 3 small and may be absent: apical spots in
spaces 6, 7 and 8. Uph large, circular, central white area,
6 mm. across: portion in space Ic = or < portion in
space 2. Unf purple-grey or yellowish at apex, spreading
over the apical spots, veins black. Unh pale yellowish
with an irregular dark brown border and dark veins. Cilia
narrowly white from tornus to vein 2, F and H. 2 upf
spot in space 1b = spot in space 3: spot in 2 shifted out-
wards: often a spot in space 4. Unf apex greenish-grey:
unh similar, no dark border and abdominal fold brown.
Cilia F as $: H narrowly white, chequered, to vein 8.
Palpi in ¢ entirely white on top and in front of second
segment in ¢: in 29° and other species the white on the
palpi is reduced.
jolus Stoll 1782: 2 Surinam: figured. Fig Seitz, °.
Synonyms. bursa Hewitson 1866: 3 Para: type B.M. Fig
Seitz, upper side only.
santus Bell 1940: 3 Bolivia: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 2 Trinidad. 1 2? Br Guiana. 1 2 Surinam. 6 3 2 Q
Fr Guiana. 2 9 Upper Amazons (Tapajos. Santarem).
3 65 9 Para. 1 9 Pernambuco. 2 ¢ 5. Brazil.
5 (4). 2° F the hyaline cell spots staggered, inner edge of
upper spot in line with outer edge of lower spot. Below,
green streaks conspicuous: unf along basal half costa and
at apex, but not running between the apical and discal
spots. ¢ F 26 mm.
superbiens Mabille 1891: 2 Brazil. MS fig in B.M.
B.M. 1 2 Upper Amazons (St Paulo d’Olivenca).
6a (1a). Unh no continuous broad pale streak from near base
through cell nearly to mid termen. ¢ upf no spot in
space 1b: uph the central white area not entering cell.
Eyes red.
6b (8a). Unh uniform greyish-blue, only marked 22 dark
veins. Unf no whitish streak mid costa.
6 (7). d 2 upf cell spot across cell, undivided: large
adjoining spot in space 2, smaller spot in space 3: no
apical spots but an opaque white area at apex from vein 4
to vein 9. Unf small spot in space 1b: apex unmarked
greyish-blue, no apical spots, but more or less faint whitish
234
K.18. CARYSTUS
suffusion in spaces 6-8. 2° upf separated hyaline spots in
spaces 1b, 2, 3, and apical in spaces 6-8: rarely spots in
spaces 4, 5 and g. Uph faint whitish spots in spaces 3, 4—5
and 6, which may be absent. ¢ F 23 mm.
senex Plétz 1882: 2 Rio: copy of Plotz’s MS fig in B.M.
Fig Seitz, pl 188e, 3 as claudianus.
BoM ig Venezuela, © ¢ Er Guiana) 1 ¢ Fr°Guiana.
1 $ 1 9 Peru (Chanchamayo. Amazonas). 2 2 Amazons
(Villa Nova. Obydos). 14 3 14 2 Para. 1 2 Matto Grosso.
7 (6). 3 Qupf cell spot divided. g¢ F 22 mm.:a small replica
of senex with reduced markings and slightly different geni-
talia. Upf apical white area divided by dark veins: uph
white area reduced to 2 spots in spaces 3 and 4-5. 9 upf
generally only two apical spots and uph the spots may be
absent or faint.
junior nov: ¢ Amazons: type B.M.
B.M. 3 3 3 2 Amazons (Iquitos. Itaituba. Villa Nova.
Para).
8a (6b). Unh not uniform. ¢ F 20 mm.
8 (9). Unh variegated dark brown and lilacine-grey.
phorcus. 2 sub-species.
_ (a). Above, generally like senex. Upf 2 cell spots, upper
spot smaller. Unf costa and apex lilac-grey, small white
spot in space 1b, white dash mid costa, 2 small hyaline
spots in spaces 7 and 8. Unh lilacine-grey, abdominal fold
brown: dark area along lower half cell, extending to apex.
© upf with a straight row of hyaline spots in spaces 6-8
or 9. Upha broad white band divided by dark veins from
mid space Ic to spaces 4-5.
Sub-sp. phorcus Cramer 1777: 2 Surinam: figured. Fig
Seitz, 2: Hayward 1951, $ and genitalia.
Synonym. marpesia Hewitson 1867: 9 Amazons: type
B.M. Fig Hewitson 1878, 9.
B.M. 1 3 Guatemala. 1 2 Honduras. 1 9 Panama. 1 ¢
Colombia. 1 3 Venezuela. 2 3 1 2 Trinidad. 1 9 Tobago.
tg 3 9 Br:Guiana. 1 ¢ Surinam. 5 3 5 2 Fr Guiana.
I $ Bolivia (Songo). 1 ¢ Upper Amazons (Iquitos). 15 3
12 2 Para.
(b). 3g as phorcus. 2 uph discal white area is reduced to
A.H.—16 235
K.19. TELLES
a large, sharply defined, white spot in spaces 4-5, and a
narrow spot below it in space 3. Unh darker and more
like the 3.
Sub-sp. claudianus Latreille 1824: g Brazil: type B.M. Fig
in Seitz is of senex 3. Fig Godman & Salvin, ¢ and
genitalia, from a Bolivian specimen.
B.M. 2 @ Amazons. 6 $ 8 2 S. Brazil (Sao Paulo.
Parana. Rio. Santa Catharina).
9 (8). 3 unh as uph, with a circular white discal area.
Otherwise as phorcus.
diores Plotz 1882: g¢ S. America. Fig Seitz.
B.M. have a 3 from Para ex coll Kaden, which contained
material seen by Herrich-Schaffer and doubtless by Pl6tz.
It bears a green label marked “Carystus diores H.S.”’.
Unh there is often in phorcus an indication of the white
area of the uph and in the coll Kaden specimen it is more
pronounced than usual. Plétz worked from coloured
figures made by himself or an assistant from specimens in
various collections, and it is possible that in this case the
dark veins were omitted and the white area exaggerated
when making the figure.
K.19. TELLES Godman 1goo: type arcalaus Stoll: fixed
by author.
Antennae rather less than 4 costa: club = + shaft: apicwhis
from beyond thickest part of club: nudum 7/11. Palpi broad,
quadrantic: third segment, a stout nipple. Mid tibiae spined.
F cell = dorsum. No stigma or brands. Unh mostly yellow.
| (2). Above, with numerous yellow spots F and H: thorax
and wing bases with blue hairs: head and patagia chestnut.
Unh variegated with yellow spots, chestnut, yellow and |
brown areas. g F 20 mm.
arcalaus Stoll 1782: Surinam: figured. Fig Godman &
Salvin, g and genitalia: Seitz. ,
Synonyms. uraniae Sepp 1848: 3 Surinam: figured.
submarmorata Kaye 1924: Trinidad.
B.M. 1 3 1 9 Honduras. 3 ¢ Panama. 7 3 Colombia.
1 ¢ 12 Venezuela. 2 ¢ 2 9 Trinidad. 2 ¢ Br Guiana.
236
K.20. TISIAS
1 $ Fr Guiana. 2 ¢g Peru (Rio Colorado). 4 3 4 2
Amazons (Para. St Paulo d’Olivenca).
2 (1). Above, brown with white hyaline spots in spaces rb,
2, 3, 4, 5 and 6-8 in a straight row, double spot in cell.
Uph plain. Cilia brown. Head brown with yellow hairs.
Unf black, costa and apex ferruginous. Unh mostly
yellow, base costa and apex ferruginous, tapering to
space 2 at termen: end of cell dark. Palpi, pectus and
abdomen yellow. Antennae yellow at base of club. 9 F
23 mm. |
pyrex nov: 2 Florida, Upper Putumayo: April 1932, G.
Klug: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
K.20. TISIAS Godman 1go1: type myna Mabille: fixed by
author.
Antennae 4 costa: club = } shaft and is bent just beyond
thickest part: apiculus = $ club: nudum 5/10. Palpi quad-
rantic: third segment, a stout nipple. Mid tibiae spined.
F cell long = dorsum. H lower outer angle of cell turned
up. ¢ generally with long brands along the veins but one
species has a stigma.
I (2a). Unf 3 2 with a large white subtornal area extending
to dorsum. ¢ F 26mm. Above, dark brown: head, costa
and base cell F dark ferruginous. Upf 4 hyaline white
spots, in spaces 2, 3 and 2 spots, staggered, in cell. Uph
small hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3, 4 and 5. Below, basal
half costa F and basal half H dark ferruginous: apex F and
outer half H much lighter yellow-brown. Unh spots
silvery-blue, an additional spot end cell. Cilia grey. 9 upf
large hyaline cell spot adjacent to a spot in space 2,
smaller spot.in space 3. Uph spots in spaces 2, 3 and 5.
Below, apex and costa F, and all H yellow-brown. Unf
3 dark spots at apex: subtornal white area as in ¢. Unh
spots as in g, black ringed. ¢ upf long brands, angular
above vein 2, straight below vein 2 and above vein 1.
quadrata. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf hyaline apical spots in spaces 6-8.
237]
K.20. TISIAS
Sub-sp. hermoda Hewitson 1870: 3 Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. 1 g¢ Panama. 3 ¢ Colombia. 1 ¢ 1 2 Ecuador.
(b). Upf no hyaline apical spots.
Sub-sp. quadrata Herrich-Schaffer 1869: 3 ? loc. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 2 3 Bolivia (La Paz). 1 ¢ Para. 1 g 1 2 Minas
Geraes. 2 ¢ 2 9S. Brazil (Parana. Santa Catharina).
2a (1). Unf the subtornal white does not extend to dorsum.
2 (3a). 3d upf cell spots staggered: spots also in spaces 1b,
2, 3 and 6-8. Uph spot in spaces 2, 3, 5 and may be in 6.
Below, apex and costa F, and all H bright ferruginous,
spots as above. Above, blue gloss on thorax and at base H.
Upf brands as in quadrata, but the upper arm of the
angled brand above is not connected to the lower arm and
is produced to under the origin of vein 3. ¢ F 25 mm.
rinda nov: g Merida: Briccono: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Venezuela. 1 $ Porto Velho.
3a (2). 3 upf cell spots not staggered.
3 (4a). Upf no apical spots: spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3.
Uph small spots in spaces 2 and 3. Below, spots as above:
brown with pale brown areas, above spot in space 3 unf to
costa, unh at base and along termen, less noticeable in Q.
3S F 22 mm.: brands upf as in quadrata.
myna Mabille 1889: ¢ Chiriqui: figured. Fig Godman &
Salvin, 3 type: Seitz.
B.M. 1 3 1 2 Panama.
4a (3). Upf with apical spots in spaces 6-8, also spots in
spaces 1b, 2, 3 and double cell spot.
4 (5). &d upf brands as in quadrata, but upper part of
angular brand over vein 2 is produced under the beginning
of vein 3. Unf apex and all unh with dark ochreous
scaling, which is paler unf between the spot in space 3
and the apical spots, and on unh broadly along termen.
$ F 24 mm.
lesueuri. 2 sub-species.
(a). Uph with only a spot in space 3. Unh paler, faint
cell spot and spots in spaces 2 and 3. Unf in Q, spot in
space 1b diffused outwardly nearly to termen.
Sub-sp. canna nov: ¢ La Oroya, Carabaya, Peru, 3100 feet:
238
K.22. COBALUS
G. R. Ockenden, Sept 1905: type B.M.
BA a o2')) Per:
(b). Uph and unh small cell spot and discal row in spaces
2, 3, 4-5 and sometimes 6.
Sub-sp. lesueuri Latreille 1824: ? loc. Fig Seitz: Hayward
1951, @ and ¢ genitalia.
B.M. 9 36 4 9 8S. Brazil (Parana. Petropolis). 1 3
Paraguay.
5 (4). 3 upf with a narrow, broken stigma from origin
vein 3 to mid vein 1. Like lesuweurz, but below, the ochreous
scaling is redder. ¢ F 22 mm.
caesena Hewitson 1871: ¢ Brazil: figured: type B.M.
Bev to Colombia, 1 3 Venezuela. 1 ¢ Brazil.
K.21. MOEROS Evans (p. 207): type moeros Méschler:
fixed by author.
Antennae rather shorter than $ costa: club { shaft: nudum
5/11. Palpi broadly quadrantic: third segment, a broad
nipple. Mid tibiae smooth. F cell as long as dorsum in 3.
No secondary sexual characters. Uncus broad, undivided.
Allied to Tiszas.
Single species. ¢ F 22 mm. Above, brown, greenish gloss
on thorax: cilia H white. Upf apex broadly shining grey
(not in 2): hyaline white spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 6-9 and
2 in cell. Unf costa and apex shining violet-grey: dark
spots in spaces 4 and 5: spot in space 1b larger in 9. Unh
shining violet-brown, greenish in 9: small dark spot before
end cell and on disc in spaces 2, 3, 4 and 5, one or all of
which may be absent. Abdomen below whitish with dark
central line.
moeros Moéschler 1876: ° Surinam: figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 3 Br Guiana. 2 2 Surinam. 1 2 Bolivia (Santa
Cruz). 2 2 Upper Amazons (St Paulo d’Olivenca). 4 329
Para.
K.22. COBALUS Hibner 1819: type wrbius Cramer: fixed
by Butler 1870.
Antennae long, +2 ‘costa: shaft plain or yellowish at base
of club: club gradual = #th shaft, bent at thickest part to
239
K.22)-COBALUS
a long apiculus, nearly as long as the club: nudum 3/13.
Palpi stout quadrantic: third segment, a nipple. Mid tibiae
smooth. F cell long = dorsum. H cell > 4 wing. No
secondary sexual characters. Uncus broad-ended: spike
from tegumen at back of uncus is as long as the uncus.
Black insects with white hyaline spots F and a white area H.
Palpi dark yellow at sides.
i (2a). Upf no cell spot: spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6 usually.
Uph the white area submarginal.
virbius. 5 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 17mm. ¢ uph white discal area in spaces 2-5,
not reaching termen: unh extends to mid space Ie: cilia
at tornus narrowly white. 2 uph white area against ter-
men from space 1b to space 3: cilia white to vein 6.
Sub-sp. fidicula Hewitson 1877: g Costa Rica. Fig Godman
& Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz.
Synonym. hesioides Plétz 1882: ¢ Cap Rico.
B.M. 5 S$ Honduras. 1 2 Costa Rica. 2 g 1 9 Panama.
(b). ¢ F 20mm. Uph white area narrow, may be cut by
dark veins, from vein 5 to vein 2, where it meets the
termen: cilia white to vein 5. Unh white area quadrate,
5 X 4mm. from mid space Ic to vein 6, the dark margin
continuing narrowly along the upper half of the white
area. 2 uph typically plain, cilia white to vein 5: unh as
dg: in some females the white area appears uph very
narrowly. Ina 2 from Venezuela the white area unh is cut
by dark veins.
Sub-sp. quadrum Mabille 1891: 2 Rio St Juan, Colombia.
B.M. 1 3 3 2 Colombia (Cauca. Cundinamarca. Choco).
1 2 Venezuela. 4 3 7 9 Ecuador (Paramba. La Chima.
Balzapamba).
(c). g F 18 mm. Uph the white tornal area runs from
just above vein 5 tapering to just below vein 1b: the dark
border penetrates to vein 3: cilia white to vein 5. Unh
similar, but the white area continues to veins 6 and 1a and
is not penetrated by the dark border. 2 uph white area
tends to be restricted, often not above vein 3: unh more
or less as in g. A 9 from Bolivia has spots upf in spaces
tb, 2, 3, 4, 6-8 and uph the white area very small.
240
K2z2) ‘COBALUS
Sub-sp. virbius Cramer 1777: 2 Surinam: figured. Fig
Seitz: Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonym. paculla Mabille 1891: 3 Para.
PE i Ss 1 Oe Panama, 40g 19 Colombia. 4) 6.1 9
Menezucia, ja2.o-1 9 Trinidad, “4. s¢1'9) Br Guiana, “1 3
Surinam. 5 ¢ Fr Guiana. 1 g Ecuador (R. Napo). 3 3
Peru (Amazones). 1 ¢ 2 2 Bolivia (Reyes. Santa Cruz.
Patao Guiria). 13 ¢ 2 9 Upper Amazons (Upper Putumayo.
Iquitos. Pebas. Manicore. Anna R. St Paulo d’Olivenca.
Teffe). 27 g 12 2 Para. 1 § Maranham. 2 ¢ Paraguay.
(d). ¢ F 18mm. Uph white area reduced to 1 mm. wide
from vein 3 to vein 1b: unh 3 mm. wide from vein 6 to
mid space tc: cilia white to vein 5.
Sub-sp. hanta nov: g Pernambuco: A. Miles Moss: type
B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
(ce). ¢ F20omm. Upf often 2 to 3 apical spots. Uph white
area reaches vein 6 and is not penetrated by the dark
border: inner edge meets termen just before end of vein
tb. Unh similar, ground colour redder. 2 uph white area
reduced, vein 3 to vein 1a, and on unh from vein 6 to
vein Ia.
Sub-sp. hersilia Plétz 1882: ¢ Rio.
B.M. 2 3 Minas Geraes. 16 3 1 ¢ S. Brazil (Rio. Sao
Paulo. Espirito Santo). _
2a (1). Upf with a cell spot.
2 (3). Upf with a lower cell spot adjoining the spot in
space 2: apical spots as a straight band in spaces 4—7 or 8:
Opaque spot in space 1b against vein 1, sometimes absent.
Uph central white area centred at lower end cell. Below,
chocolate: unf spot in space 1b extends to dorsum: unh
pale area yellow. 9 as 3, but unf spot in space Ib is
conjoined to the spot in space 2: unh the central white
area continues as a band to the termen in space 6. 3 F
18 mm. |
calvina Hewitson 1866: ¢ Para: type B.M. Fig Hewitson
1872.
Ee pty dissoluta Herrich-Schaffer 1869: 3 ? loc. Fig
Seitz.
241
K.23. DUBIELLA
ozota Butler 1870: 2 Venezuela: type B.M. Fig Butler
1874: Seitz.
ozeta Plétz 1882: 2 Bahia.
? leucomelas Rober 1925: 3 Rio Grande do Sul: type lost.
B.M. 2 2 Venezuela. 4 ¢ 1 2 Br Guiana. 3 ¢ 4 9 Fr
Guiana. 4 3 4 2 Ecuador (Paramba. R. Napo).
2 9 Peru (Pebas. Ucayali). 1 $ 2 9 Bolivia (Reyes.
Buenavista). 11 ¢ 5 2 Upper Amazons (Iquitos. St Paulo
d’Olivenca. Ega. Santarem. Tapajos). 9 ¢ 7 Q Para.
3 (2). Upf with a cleft white cell spot: small spots in spaces
tb, 2, 3, 4 and 6-8. Uph with a small spot in cell and a
discal band from space 2-5. Unf as above, costa and apex
ferruginous. Unh ferruginous: small white spot base
space 7: spot end cell: discal band rather more extensive
and spot beyond in space 6. Cilia at tornus F and H white.
g F 15 mm.
discors Plétz 1883: ? loc: copy of MS fig in B.M.
B.M. None.
K.23. DUBIELLA Evans 1936: type dubius Stoll: fixed by
author. Replaces Coeliades Hubner, used wrongly.
Antennae long, +2 costa: shaft plain: club ¢ shaft, gradual,
obtuse at thickest - part: apiculus long, as long as the club:
nudum 0/15. Palpi stout, quadrantic: third segment, a stout
nipple. Mid tibiae with a few spines. F cell long = dorsum.
H cell long, > 4 wing: vein 1a shorter than vein 2. ¢ upf
with brands along veins 1 and 2. Genitalia like Cobalus:
tegumen spike < uncus. F with hyaline spots. Unh ferru-
ginous with a pale band from costa before apex to mid
space 1c or dorsum, showing faintly uph. ¢ upf outer third
shining plumbeous.
I (2). 3 2 with conspicuous hyaline spots F, but only a
single apical spot in space 6. 3 upf brand over vein 2
angled to a short brand along cubitus. 2 uph white band
from unh shows clearly from mid space Ic to vein 6.
4d F 18 mm.
fiscella. 2 sub-species.
(a). 3 upf spots more conspicuous: 2 spots in cell and
a spot in space 1b. Unh band broader, 2 mm.
242
K.24. CARYSTINA
Sub-sp. belpa nov: 3 Chiriqui: type B.M.: fig with
genitalia by Godman & Salvin as fiscella. Fig Seitz as
fiscella.
B.M. 1 1 2 Honduras. 1 9 Nicaragua. 4 § Panama. 1 9
Colambia.. ted) Venezuela) 16) Fr Guiana. 2:5 1 9
Ecuador (Paramba).
(b). g upf only a lower cell spot: may be a dot in space rb.
Unh band narrower, I mm.
Sub-sp. fiscella Hewitson 1877: 3 Para: type B.M. Figs by
~Godman & Salvin and Seitz are of belpa.
Synonym. balteatus Godman 1901: = fiscella.
B.M. 2 $ Fr Guiana. 3 6 1 2 Upper Amazons (Teffe.
Massuary. Rio Madeira). 2 g 1 2 Para.
2 (1). 3d upf spots small, insignificant and may be all absent:
usually lower cell spot and dots in spaces 2, 3 and 6. 9 upf
spots conspicuous as in fiscella, but upf only a lower cell
spot, always 2 or 3 apical spots and sometimes a dot in
space 4. Unf 3, yellow dash mid costa conspicuous: unh
yellow band as in fiscella, but narrower, may be broken in
spots and sometimes absent. ¢ upf brand over vein 2 not
continued along cubitus. ¢ F 18 mm.
dubius Stoll 1781: ¢ ? loc: figured. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. wirga Butler: ¢ Para: type B.M. Spelt virgo
incorrectly by Kirby and other authors.
elenora Ehrmann 1907: ¢ Venezuela.
B.M. 4 6 Br Guiana. 4 ¢ 3 9 Fr Guiana. 4 $ Upper
Amazons (Iquitos. Teffe. Santarem. Anna River). 20 ¢
14 9 Para. 1 § Maranham.
K.24. CARYSTINA Evans (p. 207): type lysiteles Mabille:
fixed by author.
Antennae 4 costa: shaft plain: club 4 shaft, obtuse at
thickest point: nudum 3/10. Palpi broad, quadrantic: third
segment, a short nipple. Maid tibiae spined. F cell long
= dorsum. Sides of palpi dark red. Abdomen, below,
narrowly white. 3 upf stigma present in 2 species. Uncus
broad-ended: tegumen spike < uncus and much broader
than in other genera, protruding. Above, like Carystus:
below, like Zenis.
243
K.24. CARYSTINA
| (2a). Uph with a broad central oval white area and a white
streak in space 1b just before vein 1b. Upf black with
hyaline white spots; 2 in cell, one above the other: discal
row in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 4 and 5 (often absent): apical in
spaces 6-8: cilia white in space 1b. Below, costa and apex
F and all H ferruginous-red: unh compact silvery central
band from just beyond vein 1b to vein 7. $ F 22 mm.: no
stigma. 2 as 3g, but unh the band runs to vein 8.
lysiteles Mabille 1891: $ Saragara, Upper Amazons.
Synonym. coxeyz Bell 1932: $ Ecuador: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 3 Ecuador (R. Napo). 2 3 2 2 Peru (Chancha-
mayo. Pebas. Ucayali).
2 (a). Uph unmarked.
2 (3). Upf like Lyszteles, spot in space 2 mid cell spot and
spot in space 3: outer half of wing plumbeous. Below,
costa and apex F and all H ferruginous-red: unf spots
silvery: unh with a central row of golden spots in space Ic,
cell, spaces 2-4 and 6, 7. g¢ F 25 mm.: narrow broken
grey stigma from base vein 3 to vein 1. 9 upf as g, but
no plumbeous colour: unh golden band continuous from
space 1c to vein 8. Cilia H chequered white and black.
aurifer Godman & Salvin 1879: g¢ Costa Rica: type B.M.
Fig Godman & Salvin igor: Seitz.
B.M. 1 ¢ Costa Rica. 3 9 Ecuador (Paramba. Balza-
pamba).
3 (2). Upf spot in space 2 mid spot in cell and spot in
space 1b, forming a macular central band: spots also in
spaces 3, 4 and 6-8. Below, apex F and all H ferruginous
with black veins: unf additional spots in spaces 5 and 9:
unh broad central golden band from space tc through cell
to space 8, cut by dark veins: cilia chequered white and
black on H. 3 F 24 mm.: broken and abbreviated grey
stigma upf. 2 as g, but unh the band is silvery and
restricted in spaces 2-4.
pieris Draudt 1924: 3 (recte 2) Bolivia: figured.
Synonym. antinous Tessmann 1928: 3 E. Peru: figured.
The 9 described is of aurifer.
B.M. 3 3 Peru (Chanchamayo. Huancabamba).
244
K.26. DAMAS
K.25. TELLONA Evans (p. 207): type variegata Hewitson:
fixed by author.
Antennae long 43 costa: shaft plain, yellow under base
club, which = i shaft and is bent beyond the thickest part:
nudum 7/10. Palpi quadrantic: third segment stout and
short. Mid tibiae spined. F cell long = dorsum. H pro-
- duced at tornus. ‘Though the underside bears a superficial
resemblance to Telles arcalaus, the antennae, palpi and
genitalia indicate no generic affinity with any genus, while
the secondary sexual character is peculiar, consisting of a
conspicuous hair tuft uph overlying the origins of veins 3
and 4.
Single species. ¢ F 22 mm. Above, brown: in @? the
markings from below show faintly. Head and collar ferru-
ginous. Cilia F brown: H dull yellow. Below, very
variegated. Unf base costa and apex ferruginous: large
yellow discal spots in spaces rb, 2 and 3: lilacine spots in
spaces 4, 6-9 and upper end cell: yellow from mid costa
to base above cell, and yellow spots in spaces 5-7 below
apex. Unh dorsum to mid space tc plain yellow: rest of
wing ferruginous with basal, discal and postdiscal lilacine
spots, mostly elongate. Palpi yellow, turning to ferru-
ginous. Legs yellow. Abdomen yellowish-white.
variegata Hewitson 1870: 9 Ecuador: type B.M.
Synonym. currant Bell 1932: $ Dutch Guiana: fig of
genitalia.
Baye. 1.9 Columbia. 1 ¢ Br Guiana. 1 9’ Ecuador. 1 ¢
Bolivia (Coroico). 1 ¢ Upper Putumayo. 1 ¢ Para.
K.26. DAMAS Godman igor: type clavus Herrich-
Schaffer: fixed by author.
Antennae very long $4 costa: shaft plain, white below
about base of club, which = + shaft: club bent beyond the
middle to an arcuate apiculus, which = ¢ length of club:
nudum 7/9. Palpi broad, quadrantic: third segment, a short
nipple. Mid tibiae spined. Wings produced. Abdomen
= dorsum. F cell > dorsum.. $ F stigma broad, grey,
extends to just below. vein 2.
Single species, very variable. ¢ F 24 mm. Upf with
245
K.27. ORPHE
yellowish spots; dot on vein 1 (often absent); spot in
space 2, excavate outwardly; in space 3: in spaces 6-9
(one or all may be absent): elongate spot in cell (rarely
absent): 3 ¢ are spotless. Unf apex and all unh ferru-
ginous brown with a purple wash: dorsum unf paler, spot
in space 1b small and suffused. Cilia H from brown to
orange. 2 upf spots generally large (one 2 has none),
rarely an upper cell dot and dots in spaces 4 and 5. Unf
apex and all unh varies from cinnamon-brown, often with
white veins, to almost entirely whitish: unf large suffused
white spot in space 1b: unh a more or less conspicuous
straight row of white spots in spaces 2—5 and an inwardly
placed spot in space 6: more or less of a violet wash.
clavus Herrich-Schaffer 1869: 3 no loc: type B.M.
Fig Godman & Salvin, 3 and genitalia: Seitz.
Synonyms. corope Herrich-Schaffer 1869: no loc.
orope Capronnier 1874: name for Goniloba corope to
prevent confusion with Cobalus orope both of Herrich-
Schaffer. Name misused by Plétz and Seitz, whose fig
1821 is of chydaea.
crataea Hewitson 1876: 3 Bahia: type B.M.
cervus Moschler 1876: 2 Surinam: figured.
angulis Plotz 1886: 3 Panama.
ampyx Mabille 1891: 3 Chiriqui.
polles Godman i1go1: 2 Nicaragua: figured: type B.M.
tripuncta Draudt 1924: $ Honduras: figured.
B.M. 1 3 Guatemala. 6 3 6 2 Honduras. 1 2 Nicaragua.
1 ¢ 1 @ Costa Rica. 2 ¢ Colombia. 1 ¢ 1 2 Venezuela.
43652 Br Guiana. 2 g 1 2 Surinam. 2 g 3 2 Fr Guiana.
1 g Peru (La Merced). 3 3 2 2 Bolivia (Reyes. San
Mateo. Buenavista). 8 ¢ 3 2 Upper Amazons (Iquitos—
Santarem). 11.6 12°9 Para. 2-¢ 1 2 Bahia. Gee
S. Brazil (Santa Catharina).
K.27. ORPHE Godman igor: type gerasa Hewitson: fixed
by author.
Antennae very long $2 costa: shaft plain, white at base
club: club slender = + shaft, bent at thickest part to an
obtuse apiculus: nudum 2/12—4/10. Palpi quadrantic: third
segment, a short nipple. Mid tibiae smooth. F produced,
246
K.28. CARYSTOIDES
H rounded: abdomen nearly = dorsum. F cell long =
dorsum. ¢ with a broad grey stigma to just below vein 2.
| (2). ¢ F 24 mm. ¢ upf with a spot in space 2: cell spot
single: 2 spots larger and may be a spot in space 5. ¢ 9
unf apex and all unh without any violet scaling, reddish-
brown in dg, yellower in 2: spots in spaces 2 and 4 black
or black ringed. ¢ F stigma ribbed throughout.
vatinius Godman 1go1: $ Guiana: type B.M.: figured.
Synonym. brooks Weeks 1906: ¢ Venezuela. Fig Weeks
EO UT.
BM. 2 2 Colombia. 4 ¢ Br Guiana. 1 ¢ Fr Guiana.
5 dr 2 Ecuador (La Chima. Chimbo). 3 ¢ Peru (Ama-
zonas. Yahua. Iquitos). 1 g Anna River.
2 (1). ¢ F 24mm. ¢ upf no spot in space 2: 2 cell spots,
which may be conjoined: 2 no spot in space 5. 3 2 unf
apex and all unh with broad violet scaling before termen:
unh ferruginous, in @ with some central violet scaling:
spots in spaces 2 and 4 white. ¢$ F stigma granular, out-
wardly with a thin ridge.
gerasa Hewitson 1871: g Maranham: type B.M. Fig
Hewitson 1871. Seitz.
Synonyms. porius Mabille 1883: 9 S. America.
subcordatus Mabille 1889: Chiriqui: figured.
milo Mabille 1891: in place of subcordatus, believed,
wrongly, to be a homonym of Cobalus subcordata
Herrich-Schaffer 1869.
Pavia i) ¢ 269 Nicaracua. 7,6 3.9 Panama. 1 ¢ Br
Guiana. 1 $ Peru(Tarapote). 4 9 Upper Amazons (Teffe).
1 § Maranham.
K.28. CARYSTOIDES Godman igor: type basoches
Latreille: sole species included.
Synonym. J’hemesion Godman 1901: type certima Hewitson:
fixed by author.
Antennae long, 43 costa: shait chequered basally and club
white in ¢: club oradual, 4 + shaft, bent at thickest part to
apiculus, which = 4 length of club: nudum a2.) Balpi
broad, quadrantic, third segment short and stout. Legs:
femora hairy, tibiae ‘less so: mid tibiae sparsely spined
(smooth in some species): hind tibiae with the upper spurs
247
K.28. CARYSTOIDES
reduced or absent. No secondary sexual characters, but
there is a remarkable difference in the position of the F
hyaline spots and the venation: in ¢ the cell spot adjoins
the spot in space 3 and vein 3 is midway between veins 2
and 4: in 2 the cell spot adjoins the spot in space 2, and
vein 3 arises near vein 4 as usual: apex upf white in 4d, plain
i:
la (12). Unh not streaked and veins not pale.
tb (10a). F spotting normal, as described for genus.
Ic (5a). 2 upf and unf with a white spot in space 1b.
d wings produced: F' dorsum > H costa. ¢ upf white
apical patch conspicuous.
1d (4). Unh no dark spot at end cell or in space 6. Below;
generally pale brown with a mauve wash.
te (3). 2 uph with a conjoined hyaline spot in spaces 4
and 5.
1 (2). g F 22 mm.: upf white at apex 1-2 mm. Uph
central hyaline spot in spaces 4—5 continued across space 3.
basoches. 2 sub-species.
(a). Normal form.
Sub-sp. basoches Latreille 1824: 3 Brazil. Fig Seitz:
Godman & Salvin and Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonyms. brinoides Moschler 1876: 2 Surinam: figured.
argyrocoryne Mabille 1878: 3 E. Brapil
philodamas Mabille 1883: 2 Peru: type B.M.
hebon Mabille 1891: 2 Massuary: MS fig in B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ Honduras. 1 $ Panama. 2 ¢ Colombia. 1¢12
Venezuela. 3 ¢ Trinidad. 1 ¢ Br Guiana. 2 2 Surinam.
5 6 2 2 Peru (Amazonas. Rio Colorado). 2 3 2 9 Bolivia
(Mapiri. Santa Cruz). 6 3 4 9 Upper Amazons (St Paulo
d’Olivenca). 18 ¢ 5 9 Para. 1 6 1 9 Maranham. 1 g1 2
Pernambuco. 2 ¢ Minas Geraes. 1 -¢ Rio. 20@ee
Paraguay.
(b). g¢ F 20 mm. Below, much more variegated. Unf
costa to beyond middle, bright reddish-ochreous: apex
dark brown overlaid dark ochreous scales: termen from
apex to vein 6 narrowly white. Unh dark chestnut: beyond
the white spots, overlaid ochreous and grey scales: basal
third, yellowish.
248
K.28. CARYSTOIDES
Sub-sp. yenna nov: $ Cayenne: C. Bar: type B.M.
~ B.M. 1 ¢ Fr Guiana. 1 $ Upper Putumayo.
2 (1). ¢ F 20mm. ¢ upf white at apex 3 mm. Uph the
white hyaline central spot smaller and not extending
ACrOSS space 3. |
noseda Hewitson 1866: 2 Amazons: type B.M. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. combusta Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
replana Plotz 1882: 3 Brazil. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 2 Colombia. 1 2 Trinidad. 1 $ Surinam. 2 3 2 ?
Amazons (Ega. T'apajos. Santarem). 1 3 4 @ Para. 1 ?
Minas Geraes.
3 (re). 2 uph with 3 small widely separated white spots in
spaces 3, 4 and 5. 9 F 25 mm.
certima Hewitson 1866: 2 Venezuela: type B.M. Figs by
Seitz and Godman & Salvin are of lebbaeus. ‘The type is.
definitely a 2 and not a g as stated by Godman r1goo. But
it has a male body very obviously gummed on. The geni-
talia from this body are figured in this work; they appear
to appertain to Carystoides, but not to any B.M. species:
they may belong to a damaged 6, of certima, which
Hewitson threw away.
B.M. Only the type.
4 (1d). Unh with a small dark spot at end of cell, against
origin of vein 4 and another in space 6. $ F 22 mm.
Above, as basoches. Unf apex grey scaled, only reaching
half-way to end cell. Unh dark brown with olive-ochreous
scaling, leaving a dark area mid costa and another over
the abdominal fold. 2 uph the hyaline spotting very
variable from like basoches to like certima.
lota Hewitson 1877: 9 ? loc.
Synonym. alda Plétz 1882: 2 Brazil. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 12 6825. Brazil (Espirito Santo. Rio).
5a (ic). 2 upf and unf without a spot in space rb. 3 wings
not produced: F dorsum = H costa.
5b (8a). Unh and apex unf brown.
5c (7). 3d upf apical white patch conspicuous, 2-3 mm.
5 (6). Unh dark brown with dull olive scaling, no mauve
wash. Uph narrow white edging at apex reaches vein 6:
249
K.28. CARYSTOIDES
hyaline spots as in basoches. Unf black apical spots in
spaces 6, 7 and 8 1n line. 2 uph plain: unh black dot end
cell and in spaces 3, 4 and 5. Large, g F 26mm. ¢ mid
tibiae spined: hind tibiae, no upper spurs.
balza nov: 3 Balzapamba, Ecuador: M. de Mathan:
March-April 1894: type B.M.
B.M. g 3 Ecuador (type loc). 1 9 N.W. Ecuador (R.
Capayas).
6 (5). Unh pale brown with a mauve wash. Above, marked
as in basoches : typically no apical spot unf, but 1 to 3 hyaline
dots may be present. Unf pale brown with a mauve wash,
black dots in spaces 4, 5 and 6. Unh darker between cell
and apex, and on abdominal fold: central hyaline spots as
in basoches in spaces 3 and 4-5: black-edged white (or all
black) spot below at base of space 3 and at lower end of
cell. 9 uph plain: unh black spots in spaces 2, 3, 4, 5 and
at end of cell. ¢ F 23 mm. Uncus broad-ended, as in
lebbaeus, not tapered.
lila nov: $ L. Sapatoza Region, Chirigua district, Colom-
bia: C. Allen: type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ Honduras. 2 $ Colombia. 2 3 Venezuewes :2
Ecuador (Zamora).
7 (5c). 3 upf apical white narrow, + mm., inconspicuous.
Small, ¢ F 14 mm.: wings very rounded. Upf conspi-
cuous white apical spot in space 6. Uph as basoches.
Below, as basoches, except that on unf there is a single
hyaline spot in space 6 and no black spots.
hondura nov: 3 Honduras: type B.M.
B.M. 1 dS type. 1 ¢ Nicaragua. 1 ¢ “‘Sumatra”’, probably
Honduras.
8a (5b). Unh and apex unf ferruginous. Upf a white
area vestigial.
8 (9). Unf single dark or hyaline apical spot in space 6: no
spot on either side of it.
lebbaeus. 3 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 24mm. ¢ 2 apical spot in space 6 upf hyaline.
S uph hyaline spots as in basoches, but also with an in-
wardly detached spot in space 2: 2 unh usually with small
250
K.28. CARYSTOIDES
hyaline spots in spaces 3 and 4 flanked by black dots in
spaces 2 and 5. Mid tibiae spined: hind tibiae upper spurs
reduced.
Sub-sp. lebbaeus Hewitson 1876: 2 Chiriqui. @ fig by
Godman & Salvin and Seitz as certima.
Bove 216 Costa Rica, 1 4). (¥sekou . 2 ¢ 2.2 Panama,
1 ¢ “S. America”. 1 9 N.W. Ecuador (Rio Durango).
(b). Upf no apical spot. Uph hyaline spots smaller. Unh
small sub-equal hyaline spots in spaces 3, 4, 5 and a black
spot in space 2 and at lower end of cell. $ only basal half
of antennal club is white. 9 uph no hyaline spots: unh
black dots at end cell and in spaces 3, 4 and 5.
Sub-sp. cundina nov: 3g Cananche, Cundinamarca, Central
Colombia: August 1903: M. de Mathan.
B.M. 1 ¢ 1 & type loc.
(c). Darker below. Upf a hyaline spot in space 6. Uph
2 small, nearly conjoined spots in spaces 3 and 4: unh also
a black spot in space 2.
Sub-sp. benchos Weeks 1909: 3 Bolivia. Fig Weeks r1grr.
B.M. None.
9 (8). Unf dark spots in spaces 4, 5 and 6. Antennal club
only centrally white. Apex F rounded as in hondura. 3 F
23 mm. Upf dot in space 6. Uph small hyaline spot in
spaces 4-5. Unf apex very broadly overlaid with whitish
scales. Unh a white centred black bar in space 3.
manta nov: ¢ W. Corderilla, Colombia: 2400 metres: A. H.
Fassl; with pupa case.
B.M. Only the type.
10a (1b). F spotting abnormal.
10 (11). F spots yellow: spot in space 2 elongate, separated
in 3 by less than its own width from the spot in space 3,
which it overlaps in the 9.
sicania. 2 sub-species.
(a). $ F 20mm. 4 like stcania but spot in space 2 does
not reach to outer edge of the spot in space 3. 2 upf has
hyaline spots in spaces 6 and 7 and uph in spaces 3, 4.and 5.
ee orbius Godman 1go1: 2 Nicaragua: figured: type
B.M. 1 ¢ Nicaragua. 1 $ Trinidad. 1 $ Br Guiana. 23
A.H.—17 251
K.28. CARYSTOIDES
Fr Guiana. 1 $¢ Surinam. 1 ¢ Ecuador (Canalos, Rio
Bobonaza). 2 ¢ Upper Amazons. 6 ¢ Para.
(b). ¢ F 17mm. Upf basal half costa ferruginous: apical
white area very narrow: spot in space 2 reaches to outer
edge of spot in space 3: dot in space 6 may be present.
Uph usually a dot in space 4. Unf costa dark reddish:
apex pale bluish. Unh dark reddish, basal third paler and
outer third dull bluish: white spots in spaces 4 and 5. 9
with spot in space 1b upf and unf. Mid tibiae spined:
hind tibiae with 2 pairs of spurs.
Sub-sp. sicania Hewitson 1876: ¢ Rio River: type B.M.
B.M. 7 6195S. Brazil (Rio. Espirito Santo).
Il (10). F spots white, narrow: 3 spot in cell with its inner
edge in line with the outer edge of the spot in space 2 or
they may completely overlap: 2 outer edge of spot in cell
in line with the inner edge of the spot in space 2. Unf
apex and all unh paler, with dull ochreous scaling: faint
dark spots at apex unf and on disc unh. 2 with a spot in
space 1b upf and unf: uph hyaline spots may be present.
3 F 23 mm. Mid tibiae spined: hind tibiae without
upper spurs.
maroma Moéoschler Hee 2 Surinam. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. valentina Plotz 1882: 3 Surinam. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 3 Panama. 1.¢ Surinam. 2 ¢ 2/9 Pane
Maranham.
12 (1a). Unh with a more or less well-developed whitish
streak along upper edge of cell and along vein 6 to termen.
Unf apex and all unh veins whitish. Upf white at apex
narrow, no spot at apex: central spots normal: spot in
space bin. $¢ F 24mm. Mid tibiae spined: hind tibiae
with 2 pairs of spurs.
cathaea Hewitson 1866: 3 ? loc: type B.M. Fig Seitz, very
badly.
Synonyms. radiatus Mabille 1881: 3 Brazil: MS fig in
B.M.
boliviana Draudt 1924: 3 Bolivia: figured.
B.M. 4 ¢ Br Guiana. 3 $ Surinam. 4 ¢ Fr Guiana. I 3
2 9 Upper Amazons (Iquitos. Villa Nova). 14 3 9 9 Para.
252
K.29. LYCHNUCOIDES
K.29. LYCHNUCOIDES Godman igor: type saptine
~Godman & Salvin: fixed by author.
Superficially like Lychnuchus, but the antennal apiculus is
obtuse instead of angled; nudum 13 and the mid tibiae are
smooth. F cell long = dorsum.
| (2a). Upf with 3 yellow apical spots in a straight row:
discal band as in ozzas. Uph yellow fringe at apex. Unf
tornus suffused yellow. Unh irrorated purple: base dark
and a faint dark outer band. 3 F 20 mm.
frappenda Dyar 1920: 3 Mexico.
B.M. None.
2a (1). Upf no apical spots.
2 (3). Unf apex broadly violet-grey, shaded brown.
Antennal shaft yellow in front. ¢ upf with an angled
black brand above origin of vein 2 and a short black
brand below vein 2. ¢ F 25 mm.
saptine Godman & Salvin 1879: $ Costa Rica: type B.M.
Fig Godman & Salvin, 3, venation and genitalia: Seitz.
B.M. 1 $ Guatemala. 5 3 3 2 Costa Rica.
3 (2). Unf apex mostly ferruginous, with a grey band before
the dark termen and an oblique inward grey streak there-
from in spaces 4-5. Antennal shaft brown, yellow ringed
at base of club. ¢ upf with a narrow broken stigma from
base of vein 3 to mid veint. ¢ F 26mm.
ozias. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf spot in space 1b more or less reduced and not
reaching vein 1.
Sub-sp. ozina nov: $ Ecuador, Balzapamba, Bolivar; M. de
Mathan, Sept 1893—Feb 1894: type B.M. 9 fig in Seitz,
pl 170g, as /iarbas.
B.M. 7 3 5 9 Ecuador (Balzapamba). 3 ¢ 2 2 Peru
(Chanchamayo. Uruhasi). 2 3 Bolivia (R. Songo).
(b). Upf spot in space 1b reaches vein 1.
Sub-sp. ozias Hewitson 1878: 3 “Java”: type B.M.
B.M. 20 g 29 9. S. Brazil (Parana. Theresopolis. Petro-
polis. Joinville. Sao Paulo). 3 ¢ 3 2 Paraguay.
K.30. PERICHARES Scudder 1872: type philetes Gmelin:
fixed by author as coridon Fabricius, which is a homonym of
253
K.30. PERICHARES
corydon Poda 1761. ‘The next oldest name for the species is
phocion Fabricius 1793, a homonym (Fabricius 1781). Thus
philetes becomes the oldest valid name.
Antennae long, $4 costa: shaft plain, yellow under club:
club, 4 shaft, gradual, bent at thickest point to an obtuse
apiculus = 4 length of club: nudum 4/12. Palpi broad
quadrantic, fed segment stout and short. Legs, mid tibiae
with or without a few spines: tibiae and femora generally
clothed with reddish hairs. F cell acutely produced = dor-
sum: usually bent at origin vein 3, so that the cubitus from
its origin is in line with the discocellular veins between
origins of veins 4, 5 and 6. ¢ upf with a stigma in most
species and in one species there is a tuft uph. Unf apex and
all unh irregularly variegated with brown and _ lilacine
markings. Abdomen below yellowish.
| (2a). Upf a yellow spot in space 6, as well as small spots
in space 3 and cell in $ and as in philetes in 2. 3 upf with
a black stigma: uph with large dense hair tuft from base
costa across cell, somewhat distorting the venation. ¢ F
20 mm.
butus Moschler 1876: g Surinam: figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 2 ¢ 1 9 Colombia. 1 $ Venezuela. 3 $ Fr Guiana.
1 $ Ecuador (La Chima). 1 g¢ Peru (Amazonas). 2 $
Minas Geraes,
2a (1). Upf no spot at apex.
2 (3a). 3 upf with a conspicuous grey stigma: 2 with
separated yellow hyaline spots arranged as in 3, with an
extra spot in space 1b.
philetes. 4 sub-species.
(a). g¢ F 25 mm. Upf spots pale yellow, comparatively
large: always spot in space 1b: lower part of cell spot
nearly as long as upper part.
Sub-sp. dolores Reakirt 1868: Mexico. |
Synonyms. adela Hewitson 1871: 3 Rio: figured ¢ Q:
type B.M. Fig Seitz as corydon.
marmorata Scudder 1872: Venezuela.
B.M. 6 3 Mexico. 6 3 4 9 Guatemala. 5 3 5 2? Honduras.
I g 2 9 Nicaragua. 1 $ Salvador. 6 ¢ 6 2 Costa Rica.
5 63 ¢ Panama. 13 3 7 2 Colombia. 10 3 4 9 Venezuela.
254
K.30. PERICHARES
23 S 23 2 Ecuador (Paramba. Ambato. Zamora). 10 3
4 9 Peru (Chanchamayo. Amazonas). 5 ¢ 3 2 Bolivia
(Cochabamba. Santa Cruz). 1 ¢ Maranham. 1 2 Matto
Grosso. 4 5 8 2 S. Brazil (Rio. Espirito Santo. Novo
Friborgo).
(b). g¢ F 23 mm. Upf spots smaller: often no spot in
space 1b: lower part of cell spot small, placed at basal end
of upper spot.
Sub-sp. philetes Gmelin 1790: Jamaica. Fig Godman &
Salvin, ¢ and genitalia as corydon: Seitz as trinitad:
Hayward 1952 3 and genitalia, referable to aurina.
Synonyms. coridon Fabricius 1775: Jamaica. Homonym
of Papilio coridon Poda 1761.
phocion Fabricius 1793: to replace coridon. Homonym of
Papilio phocion Fabricius 1781. Comstock 1944 figures 3
from Porto Rico under this name.
julianus ‘Turton 1802: to replace phocion.
trimtad Lucas 1857: Cuba. Fig Seitz.
Petts & 2 Trinidad. 1 go 19 Tobago, 7 o 7 2 Haiti.
9 ¢ 8 2 Cuba. 8 ¢ 8 2 Jamaica. 6 ¢ 6 2 Br Guiana. 1 3
Surinam. 7 3 6 9 Fr Guiana. 10 $ 3 9 Upper Amazons
(Iquitos-Santarem). 8 3 13 2 Para. 2 $ 1 9 Pernambuco.
Occurs as a variety with dolores, particularly in Venezuela.
(c). As dolores but spots upf a much deeper yellow and
larger: cell spot trapezoidal. Occurs as a variety with
dolores, replacing it in the South.
Sub-sp. aurina nov: ¢ Castro, Parana: E. D. Jones: type
B.M. Fig Hayward 1952 as philetes.
B.M. 1 9 Honduras. 1 @ Panama. 1 ¢ Para. 1 3 S.E.
Peru (Inambari). 9 3 5 2 S. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Parana.
Rio Grande do Sul). 1 g 1 2 Paraguay.
(d). ¢ F 23 mm. Paler: above, blue gloss vestigial. Upf
as dolores but the cell spot is nearer the base, between
origins of veins 2 and 3. Uph costa narrowly white and
cilia nearly all white. Below, no mauve gloss on the pale
areas, altering the appearance greatly. Unh brown border
broad, absorbing the dark discal spots and the width of
the pale discal band.
Sub-sp. limana nov: ¢ Lima, Peru: A. M. Moss: type B.M.
B.M. 5 3 4 2 Peru (Lima. Treyillo).
255
K.30. PERICHARES
3a (2). ¢ upf stigma black, inconspicuous, or absent. 2 with
a band of white contiguous spots in spaces 1b, 2 and cell,
as well as a detached spot in space 3.
3b (5a). gd upf no spot in space 2, large yellow spots in
cell and space 3. ¢ upf stigma to vein 1.
3 (4). ¢ F25 mm. Upf the cell spot trapezoidal. Above,
with an obscure bluish-green sheen on thorax and wing
bases.
lotus Butler 1870: 2 Venezuela: type B.M. Fig Butler
1874: Godman & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz: Hayward
1Q5I.
Synonym. heront Kaye 1904: 3 Trinidad: type B.M.
B.M. 1 2 Mexico. 1 2 Costa Rica. 3 ¢ Colombia. 4g 12
Venezuela. 7 ¢ 1 9 Trinidad. 1 ¢ Br Guiana. 2 ¢ 2 9
Ecuador (Jorge. Manabi. Aguano. Bafios). 1 ¢ Bolivia.
1 9 Matto Grosso. 6 3 4 2S. Brazil (Rio. Sao Paulo.
Espirito Santo. Santa Catharina. Parana). 1 ¢ Paraguay.
4 (3). ¢ F 22 mm. Like lotus, but upf the cell spot is out-
wardly excavate and the lower part is prolonged above the
cubitus half-way to the base. Above, blue-green sheen
vestigial. Unf lilacine markings more regular, sharply
bisected by a dark band. Unh the lilacine areas predomi-
nate.
matha nov: ¢ Ecuador, La Chima: M. de Mathan: type
B.M.
B.M. 2 3g Ecuador (La Chima. Chimbo).
5a (3b). ¢ upf with a spot in space 2.
5 (6a). 3 9 above, thorax and wing bases brilliant shining
iridescent blue. ¢ upf spots small.
deceptus. 4 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 25 mm. Upf, 3 9, shining blue covering the
entire wing up to the cell spot. Uph cilia narrowly yellow.
Unf apex and unh with alternating ferruginous and lilacine
markings. ¢ stigma as in /otus. Mid tibiae smooth.
Sub-sp. deceptus Butler & Druce: 2 Costa Rica: type B.M.
Fig Godman & Salvin, 9.
Synonym. agrippa Godman i1go1: ¢ Nicaragua: type
B.M.: figured. Fig Seitz, d.
B.M. 1 3g Nicaragua. 2 ¢ 2 9 Costa Rica.
256
K.30. PERICHARES
(b). ¢ F 26 mm. Upf 3s @ shining blue at base not
entering cell, nor on costa. Uph cilia whitish, turning
brown at tornus. Unh ferruginous brown with 3 lilacine
bands, basal, central, discal to apex.
Sub-sp. drina nov: ¢ Colombia, dept de Magdalena: July
1903: M. de Mathan: type B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ type. 1 3 no loc. 1 9 Colombia (Cananche,
Cundinamarca). 1 ¢ Peru (Moyabamba).
(c). ¢ F 25 mm. As drina but ¢ uph tornus broadly
(2 mm.) yellow: unh broader (3 mm.) continuing for a
short distance along vein 1b. 2 unh abdominal fold dull
ochreous: dark areas reduced, no wider than the lilacine
areas: instead of a narrow lilacine band in a broad outer
dark area, there is a macular dark discal band in a broad
lilacine area between the dark central and submarginal
bands.
Sub-sp. fulvimargo Butler 1872: ¢ Venezuela: type B.M.
Synonyms. hyas Mabille 1891: ¢ Cauca. MS fig in B.M.
finitimus Weeks 1901: 3 Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1908.
B.M. 2 2 Colombia (Cauca. Manizales). 3 ¢ Venezuela.
6 § 1 2 Ecuador (Balzapamba. Chimbo. Loja). 1 3 1 9
Peru (R. ‘Tabaconas. Amazonas).
(d). ¢ F 26mm. Exactly like drina, but unh ¢ the discal
lilacine area differs: in drina it runs irregularly to the apex
at end of space 7 and is separated from the central band:
in luscinia it does not extend beyond vein 4, while the
central band runs broadly to the apex. @ upf spots
narrower, no spot in space 3: unf apex and all unh bright
ferruginous, lilacine markings very reduced: unh tornus
lighter, yellowish.
Sub-sp. luscinia Plotz 1882: $ Blumenau. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 g Minas Geraes. 2 ¢ 1 9 S. Brazil (Corcovado.
Espirito Santo. Parana).
6a (5). 3 2 above, no blue iridescence.
6 (7a). Uph and unh tornus orange-red. ¢ F 24 mm.
Antennal club white. Upf large contiguous white hyaline
spots in céll and space 2, widely separated spot in space 3:
? with a spot in space rb under the spot in space 2. ¢ F
24 mm.: no stigma. Mid tibiae sparsely spined.
257
K.30. PERICHARES
colenda Hewitson 1866: 3 Venezuela: type B.M.
Synonym. lndigiana Felder 1867: 3 Venezuela: type
B.M.: figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 3 61 2 Colombia. 1 ¢ Venezuela. 2 $ 2 2 Ecuador
(Bafios. Zamora). 1 g Peru (Marcapata). 2 ¢ Bolivia
(Farinas).
7a (6). Uph no red at tornus.
7 (8). 3 upf curved stigma extending below vein 2 and
by a ridge to mid vein 1, as in Orses: well separated yellow
spots in cell, space 2, 3 and 1b. Uph elongate yellow spot
in spaces 4-5. Below, chestnut brown. Unf an irregular
whitish streak from spot in space 3 to apex. Unh darker
in centre, under cell, paler at base costa: conspicuous
narrow (1 mm.) white streak from above origin vein 2 to
termen at end of vein 7. 2 (photo from New York
Museum) as seneca but upf with a large detached spot in
space 3 and unhas g. $ F 20mm.
chima nov: ¢ Ecuador, La Chima: M. de Mathan: type
B.M.
B.M. Only the type. ~
8 (7). 3d upf stigma does not extend below vein 2. Uph
plain. Unh chestnut, central lilacine white band from
basal third of space 1b, 2 mm. wide, runs irregularly to
the lilacine area at the apex: a narrow lilacine discal band:
narrow oblique whitish streak from below origin vein 7 to
vein 8.
seneca. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 20mm. Upf 3 widely separated yellow spots in
cell, spaces 2 and 3. Unf broad lilacine area at apex
divided centrally: a pale area on dorsum below spot in
Space 2. 2 as seneca.
Sub-sp. crotona Hewitson 1866: 2 Venezuela: type B.M.
Fig Seitz.
B.M. 3 6 Panama. 1 g 1 9 Venezuela.
(b). ¢ F 23mm. Upf spots larger, those in cell and space 2
overlapping: a suffused dash over vein 1. Unf apical lila-
cine area undivided: large whitish area above dorsum, just
before tornus. 2 upf band of large contiguous white spots
258
K.31. ORSES
in spaces 1b, 2 and cell: may be a dot in space 3. Unf
apical lilacine area divided. Unh as 4g, but pale areas
duller. Mid tibiae smooth.
Sub-sp. seneca Latreille 1824: Brazil. Fig Hayward 1951,
3, 9 and genitalia.
Synonym. elisa Plotz 1882: Brazil.
nubtlus R6ber 1925: 2 Rio Grande do Sul.
B.M. 11 3 3 2S. Brazil (Rio. Theresopolis). 1 ¢ Para-
quay. 1 $ Argentine.
K.31. ORSES Godman 1go1: type cymisca Hewitson: fixed
by author.
Resembles Perichares in structure. Differs in the striped
unh: the rounded H and the difference in venation F be-
tween the sexes, recalling Carystoides: 3 vein 3 rises midway
between veins 2 and 4: 2 vein 3 rises near vein 4, which is
midway between veins 3 and 5. ¢ upf with a grey stigma
extending to just below vein 2 and is connected by a ridge
to vein 1. Palpi, third segment rather longer and more
slender. Mid tibiae smooth.
| (2). ¢g F22mm. ¢ upf witha curved band of large yellow
conjoined spots in cell, spaces 3 and 2. Uph cilia pale
yellow. Unh narrow yellow band along termen from apex
to vein 2. 2 upf white band of spots in spaces 1b, 2 and
cell. Mid and hind legs dark red: abdomen yellow.
cynisca Swainson 1821: 5S. Brazil: figured. Fig Godman
& Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Staudinger 1888: Seitz, 3, 9.
Synonyms. catina Hewitson 1866: $ Amazons: type B.M.
poyas Reakirt 1866: 3 Brazil.
B.M. 1 3 Mexico. 1 $ Guatemala. 2 2 Honduras. 2 ¢
Miearacua, 3-6 Costa Rica, 5 g 1 2 Panama. 56 1 9°
Colombia. 3 61 2 Venezuela. 17 6 42 Trinidad. 4 33 9
Br Guiana. 5 35 ¢ Fr Guiana. 5 3 3 ¢ Ecuador (Paramba.
La Chima. Arenillas). 3 g 1 9 Peru (La Merced. ‘Tara-
pote. Ega). 1 2 Bolivia (Buenavista). 10 ¢ 12 9 Amazons
(Obidos. Para. Santarem). 2 g 1 9 Bahia. 1 9 Maranham.
1 $ Pernambuco. 1 $225. Brazil (Rio. Espirito Santo).
2 ¢ Paraguay.
ao
K.32. ALERA
2 (1). 6 F 22 mm. ¢ 2 above, like cymisca: head yellow
spotted. Unf apex pale brown, veins black: unh similar,
with two pale yellow narrow bands, inner band from base
space 8 across cell and along vein 2 to termen in space Ic,
outer band along termen, before white cilia, from costa to
end of vein 4. Legs, mid and hind tibiae bright red:
abdomen yellow with black central stripe.
itea Swainson 1821: 3 Brazil: figured. Fig Seitz, g, 2:
Hayward 9 51, 6, 9 and genitalia.
B.M. 24 3 25 2 S. Brazil (Sado Paulo. Rio. Parana.
Petropolis).
K.32. ALERA Mabille 1891: type furcata Mabille: sole
species included.
Synonym. Oemnides Mabille 1904: type vulpinus Felder: sole
species included.
Antennae, palpi and venation like Perichares. Unh striped
instead of being variegated. H very much produced, tornus
rounded, dorsum much longer than abdomen. ¢ upf stigma
present in some species. Mid tibiae sparsely spined.
| (2a). Uph dorsal half of wing red: cilia whitish. Upf
white spots in cell, spaces 1b, 2, 3 and 6-8: 2 with upper
spot in space rb also. Below, dark ochreous-brown. Unf
apical spots linked by a yellow bar to the spot in space 3.
Unh cilia white, narrow white central band mid costa to
mid space 1c and a pale yellow streak at end of vein 1a.
S$ upf grey stigma. ¢ F 22 mm.
vulpina Felder 1867: $ Colombia: type B.M.: figured. Fig
Seitz.
B.M. 10 3 6 2 Colombia. 28 3 8 2 Ecuador (Ambato. |
Rio Pastaza. Manabi). 2 3 Bolivia (Cochabamba.
Farinas).
2a (1). Above, thorax and wing bases iridescent blue: no
red colouring uph.
2 (3a). Unh dark brown with 3 narrower green bands;
central, from 4 along costa to end of vein 1b: discal, from
260
K.33. LYCAS
apex to end of vein 1b: dorsal, along dorsum. Upf large
yellow cell spot and a widely separated conjoined spot in
spaces 1 and 2. ¢ upf with grey stigma. g F 24 mm.
haworthiana Swainson 1821: S. Brazil: figured.
Synonym. zricolor Godman i1go1: g Panama: figured.
Fig Seitz.
B.M. None.
3a (2). Unh no green bands.
3 (4). 3 upf with a stigma. 3 upf 3 large white spots in
spaces 2, 3 and cell: in 9 also in space 1b. Unf conspi-
cuous violet-grey apical area, not reaching termen: cell
spot continued to costa. Unh basal + sordid whitish,
sharply separated from the chestnut ground: narrow
mauve postdiscal band. $ F 24 mm.
furcata Mabille 1891: 2 Brazil: type B.M.
Synonym. ¢triplaga Schaus 1902: ¢ Parana.
B.M. 43425. Brazil (Parana. Santa Catharina).
4 (3). 3d upf no stigma. Upf as furcata, but 3 and 2 with
2 spots in space 1b. Uph apex and cilia narrowly white
to vein rb. Unf slight lilacine scaling at apex: cell spot
continued to costa. Unh with a narrow sub-terminal band
before the white cilia. ¢ F 26 mm.
metallica Riley 1921: ¢ Brazil: type B.M.
Synonym. zzkani Bell 1947: 3 Itatiaya: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 3 3 2 Sao Paulo. 1 g Paraguay.
K.33. LYCAS Godman igor: type argentea Hewitson:
fixed by author.
Antennae, palpi, legs and venation as for Perichares. Unh
striped instead of variegated. H broad, not produced tor-
nally: F dorsum = costa H and vein 1a ‘= vein 2. Eyes
brown to red. ¢ stigma upf in one species.
| (2). 3 upf with a stigma, nearly reaching vein 1. Uph
cilia plain. Upf deep yellow hyaline spots, large in cell,
space 1b (opaque), spaces 2, 3 and 6-8: 9 also with an
upper spot in space 1b. Uph discal spot in spaces 4—5 and
a washy yellow spot on costa just before the end of vein 8.
Unf apex ferruginous, centrally with a mauve wash: cell
261
K.33. LYCAS
spot continued to costa: spot in space 1b larger in 29. Unh
ferruginous with 3 narrow stripes, pale yellow in 3g, white
in 2: discal, from apex before end of vein 8 to end of
vein 2, running along termen to mid space tc: central,
from near base costa, across cell to mid space 1c: dorsal,
short stripe at end of dorsum in space 1a.
godarti. 2 sub-species.
(a). S$ F 23 mm. F spots smaller, cell spot outwardly
excavate. Unf apex and all unh a dull purple wash over
the ferruginous ground. Unh bands narrow, obsolete in
ie:
Sub-sp. boisduvalii Ehrmann 1909: 3 Venezuela.
B.M. 2 $ Colombia. 1 ¢ Br Guiana. 2 $ Ecuador (La
China). 16° Velie 5 Bara.
(b). ¢ F25 mm. Markings brighter and larger.
Sub-sp. godarti Latreille 1824: 3 Brazil: type B.M. Fig in
Seitz is of 2 argentea.
Synonym. ceraca Hewitson 1866: 2 Rio: type B.M. Fig
Hewitson 1872.
Begg hon: Brazil (Parana. Sao Paulo. Petropolis.
Espirito Santo).
2 (1). dS upf no stigma. Uph cilia chequered. Above, bases
clothed olive-ochreous hairs: markings as in godarti but
pale yellow. 3g unf apex ferruginous, centrally overlaid
with lilac-grey scaling, often leaving spots in spaces 4 and
5: broad elongate white area mid dorsum, extending into
space Ib. ¢ unh 3 very broad silver bands, central, discal
and dorsal: the central and dorsal bands are often united:
the discal band often reaches the termen and frequently
there is a link in space 4 to the central band. 2 very closely
resembles the 2 of godarti: differs unf in having some
lilacine suffusion mid apex and unh the white bands are
rather wider. ¢ F 22 mm.
argentea Hewitson 1866: ¢ Guatemala: type B. M. Fig
Hewitson 1872: Godman & Salvin, $ and genitalia: Seitz,
3 as argenteus, 2 as godartt: Hayward 1O5%) aap and
genitalia.
Synonyms. devanes Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
bipunctata Hayward 1934: 3 Argentine: figured.
262
K.33. LYCAS
albomarginata Kivirikko 1936: 3 Argentine: figured.
B.M. 1 2 Mexico. 4 ¢ Guatemala. 1 2 Nicaragua. 2 ¢
Panama. 3 ¢ Venezuela. 8 g 1 2 Minas Geraes. 2 3
Matto Grosso. 18 $ 7 2 5S. Brazil (Rio. Sao Paulo).
5 6 3 2 Paraguay. 6 3 Argentine.
263
L. PHLEBODES GROUP
The Phlebodes group appears to constitute a link between
the Cymaenes and Calpodes groups, in respect of the antennae
and palpi.
The antennae commence with about one-third of the
nudum on the club and two-thirds on the apiculus and end
up with half the nudum on the club.
The palpi commence with a quadrate second segment as
in Lerema and end up with the flattened second segment of
Calpodes.
The termen of the hindwing is convex, not straight or
concave as in Calpodes.
Except for some members of the first and last genera, all
the species are brown.
KEY, TO: GENERA
la (11a). Antennae, nudum on club shorter than apiculus.
Nudum 13-15 segments.
Phlebodes Sub-group of to genera
tb (4a). Nudum 13 segments, 4/9—-5/8.
Ic (3). F vein 2 not rising nearer to base than to origin
vein 3.
1 (2). ¢ upf stigma conspicuously grey, usually flanked by
velvet-black patches. Markings generally tawny.
Saturnus nov: type Apaustus tiberius Moschler. 4 species
Mexico—Brazil.
2 (1). 3g upf stigma inconspicuous and more like brands:
portion above vein 2 short, usually sagittate: portion below
vein 2 short: portion over vein 1, a dot or more usually
absent. Brown with hyaline spots.
Phlebodes 12 species. Colombia-S. Brazil.
264
GROUP L. PHLEBODES
3 (1c). F vein 2 rising much nearer to base than to origin
vein 3. 3 upf with brands or short stigma. Palpi, third
segment slender. Small, ¢ F 12 mm.
Joanna nov: type Joanna joanna Evans (p. 273). 2 species.
Panama—Guiana.
4a (1b). Nudum 14-15 segments, 4/10, 5/11 or 6/9.
4(5a). d upf no secondary sexual characters. § F 16 mm.
Hyaline spots F: unh conspicuous violet areas.
Punta nov: type Punta punta Evans (p. 273). 1 species.
Para.
5a (4). 3d upf with secondary sexual characters.
5b (10). 3S uph no secondary sexual characters.
5c (9). 3d upf no stigma.
5 (6a). S$ upf broad brands over and under base of vein 2,
which rises much closer to base of wing than to origin
vein 3. Mid tibiae smooth. Unmarked.
Bruna nov: type Bruna bruna Evans (p. 273). 1 species.
? Amazons.
6a (5). 3 upf small brand over vein 1, more or less covered
by a hair tuft. Palpi flattened.
6b (8). F cell short, much shorter than dorsum.
6 (7). Antennae short, about half costa. ¢ F 17 mm.
Quinta nov: type Cobalus cannae Herrich-Schaffer.
2 species. Mexico—Argentine.
7 (6). Antennae long, nearly as long as cell. ¢ F 13-22 mm.
Cynea nov: type Hesperia cynea Hewitson. 17 species.
Mexico—Argentine.
8 (6b). F cell long, nearly as long as dorsum. ¢ F 26 mm.
Rhinthon. 2 species. W. Indies. Mexico—Guiana.
9 (5c). 3 upf with a tripartite stigma from origin of vein 3
to vein I.
Mucia. 5 species. Mexico—Argentine.
10 (5b). ¢ uph with a recumbent hair tuft.
Penicula nov: type Pamphila bryanti Weeks. 5 species.
Colombia—Argentine.
265
L.1. SATURNUS
Ila (1a). Nudum on club about equal to apiculus: usually
16 segments. Unf conspicuous white subtornal streak or
area.
Oeonus Sub-group of 6 genera
11b (16a). Antennal apiculus long, > width club.
11c (15). Wings broad: H at end of vein 6 = dorsum F.
11 (12a). ¢ upf no secondary sexual characters. Hyaline
spots F and H.
Decinea nov: type Hesperia decinea Hewitson. g species.
Mexico—Argentine.
12a (11). 3 upf with sexual characters. H no hyaline spots.
12 (13a). 3 upf with a stigma.
Oeonus. 4 species. Mexico and S. Brazil.
13a (12). 3g upf circular brand in space 2.
13 (14). Hind tibiae without an upper pair of spurs.
Cyclosma. 3 species. Upper Amazons. Peru—Paraguay.
14 (13). Hind tibiae normal with 2 pairs of spurs.
Caligulana. 1 species. S. Brazil.
15 (r1c). Wings narrow: H at end vein 6 < dorsum F.
Orthos nov: type Eutychide orthos Godman. 5 species.
Mexico—Argentine.
16a (11b). Antennal apiculus short, not > width club. No
secondary sexual characters.
16 (17). F cell short, very much < dorsum.
Conga nov: type Pamplila chydaea Butler. 6 species.
Mexico—Argentine.
17 (16). F cell long, nearly = dorsum. Hyaline spots F
and H.
Holguinia nov: type Holguinia holguin Evans (p. 297). 1
species. Cuba.
Keys to Species
_ LL. SATURNUS Evans (p. 264): type saturnus Fabricius:
fixed by author.
Antennae rather longer than 4 costa: club + shaft: apiculus
hooked: nudum 4/9. Palpi quadrate: third segment short,
stout. Mid tibiae with a few long spines. F vein 2 nearer to
266
L.r. SATURNUS
vein 3 than to base. ¢ with a stigma as in Parphorus: central
‘triangular portion over origin of vein 2 is grey, flanked on
either side by a velvet-black area, extending on costal side
to origin of vein 3 and on dorsal side to vein 1. Allied to
Vorates, but has a longer antennal nudum; and to Phlebodes,
but has a stigma instead of brands.
la (3a). Unh no discal markings, nor on uph.
1 (2). Upf no spot in space 4.
saturnus. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 14mm. Upf yellow spots in spaces 1b (opaque),
2, 3, 6 (hyaline) and sometimes 7: whiter in 9. Unf at
apex and all unh veins conspicuously yellow.
Sub-sp. saturnus Fabricius 1787: Cayenne. Fig Butler 1870.
Synonym. godmani Draudt 1924: ? S. America.
Bevin snic 3 9 Venezticla) 26 5.8.2 Tnnidad. 1 $2 Br
Citana, 2 6 1 2 hr Guiana. 26 2 2 Peru (Ucayali).
8 3 5 2 Amazons (Ega—Para).
(b). Unf costa and apex and all unh ochreous-brown
instead of dark brown, no purple gloss and veins incon-
spicuously paler.
Sub-sp. servus nov: ¢ Castro, Parana: type B.M.
B.M. 3 ¢ type loc.
2 (1). Upf with a spot in space 4: yellow spots in spaces 1-4
and 5-8. Otherwise as saturnus, except for clasp.
steinbachi Bell 1930: ¢ Bolivia: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
3a (1a). Unh with discal markings.
3 (4). ¢ unh uniform ochreous-brown, veins rather paler.
Upf as saturnus, but may be a spot in space 4. Uph with
more or less faint yellow discal spots. $ F 14 mm.
metonidia Schaus 1902: $ Tiyjuca, Brazil.
B.M. 4 3S. Brazil (Rio. Corcovado).
4 (3). 3d unh more or less variegated, outwardly darker.
tiberius. 6 sub-species.
(a). $F 15 mm. Above, dark like vulcanus, but usually a
spot in space 4, up to’3 apical spots and basal half of costa
ochreous. Unf costa ochreous, apex ochreous-brown,
A.H.—18 267
L.1. SATURNUS
veins not paler than ground: no spot in space rb:
usually small spots in spaces 4 and 5. Unh dark ochreous-
brown, shaded dull yellow up to the row of yellow discal
spots. 2 F spots hyaline white.
Sub-sp. obscurus Bell 1941: ¢ Chiriqui. Fig Godman &
Salvin, g and venation as tzberius: the fig of the ¢ imago
is of typical tzbertus from Guiana.
B.M. 2 ¢ Mexico. 2 § Guatemala. 5 $ Panama. 3 3
Colombia.
(b). ¢ F 14 mm. Brighter. Upf ochreous streak from
base to middle on costa and in space 1b. Uph centrally
dull ochreous with traces of discal spots. Unh in ¢ pale
yellow up to the discal spots.
Sub-sp. reticulata Plotz 1883: ¢ Laguayra. Fig in Seitz is
too highly coloured, more like meton.
Synonym. suffenas Mabille 1891: Porto Cabello.
B.M. 2 3 Colombia. 5 ¢ 1 9 Venezuela)” eee
Trinidad.
(c). Dark form only differing from obscurus on unh where
the dark border is pierced by yellow veins.
Sub-sp. suffuscus Hayward 1940: 3g Ecuador: genitalia
figured.
B.M. 1 ¢ Ecuador (Esmeralda, E. foothills).
(d). ¢ F 15 mm. Dark form: above, like obscurus, but uph
faint traces of tawny spots. Below, veins at apex F and
all H conspicuously yellow. Unh uniform, no yellow
suffusion as in reticulata.
Sub-sp. tiberius Méschler 1882: ¢ Surinam. Fig Godman
& Salvin is good, but the genitalia and venation were taken
from a specimen of obscurus: fig by Seitz is poor.
B.M. 3 ¢ 3 2 Br Guiana. 1 ¢ 2 9 Peru (La Merced).
6 3 1 9 Upper Amazons (Iquitos).
(ec). ¢ F 15 mm. Above, tawny markings conspicuous,
particularly on uph, where there is a large central tawny
area, which may be reduced to a discal band, elongate
inwardly and outwardly in spaces 4-5. Unh suffused
yellow up to the tawny discal band and the dark border
is pierced by yellow veins. In Guiana it seems to fly with
tiberius, possibly as a seasonal form.
Sub-sp. meton Mabille 1891: 3 Teffe: MS fig in B.M.
268
L.z2. PHLEBODES
B.M. 5 6 1 9 Br Guiana. 3 ¢ Fr Guiana. 1 3 Pebas.
7 3 3 2 Amazons (Obidos. Anna R.).
(f). $ F 15 mm. Upf markings paler yellow and larger:
3 apical spots, none in spaces 4 and 5. Uph ¢ large yellow
central area: 2 irregular discal spots and spot end cell.
Unf apex brown: narrow yellow band along termen, cut
by dark veins. Unh entirely pale yellow except for a
narrow irregular reddish-brown border along termen and
a few brown central and basal dashes. 3 stigma much
- reduced.
Sub-sp. conspicuus Bell 1941: ¢ Masserand—Blumenau,
Santa Catharina.
B.M. 6 3695S. Brazil (SdAo Paulo. Parana. Papagallo).
1 $ Uruguay.
L.2. PHLEBODES Hiibner 1819: type pertinax Stoll: fixed
by Butler 1870.
Synonym. Vistigma Hayward 1938: type xanthobasis Hay-
ward: fixed by author.
Antennae rather longer than 4 costa: shaft plain, yellow
under basal half of club: nudum 4/9-5/8. Palpi quadrate:
third segment short, stout, conical. Mid tibiae spined. ¢ upf
Sagittate brand over origin vein 2 and a short brand below
vein 2. Culler of clasp produced to a sharp point. Wings
produced.
la (ga). Unh veins more or less paler than ground.
tb (7a). Unh with more or less developed discal spots.
Ic (5a). Below, veins not conspicuously yellow and no
narrow yellow band along termen.
I (2a). Uph with 6 elongate discal spots. ¢ F 16 mm.
Upf 2 cell spots and spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3 and 6-8. Unf
apex violet, veins yellow. Unh steely violet-blue: veins
pale yellow: whitish cell spot and 7 discal spots.
fuldia Bell 1930: $ Colombia: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
2a (1). Uph discal spots faint or absent.
2 (3a). dg upf and unf, spot in space 1b faint or absent:
present in spaces 2, 3,6 and maybe 7. ¢ F17mm. Below,
costa and apex, and all H ochreous-brown, more or less
269
L.z. PHLEBODES
purple glossed: unh small white spots in spaces 2, 3, 6
and may be in 4 and 5. 2 has a small spot in space rb upf
and a whitish area unf and so has an aberrant g. One Q
has 2 cell spots.
pertinax Stoll 1781: 2 ? loc: figured. Fig in Seitz might
apply to fuldia.
Synonym. obido Bell 1940: 3 Fr Guiana: genitalia figured.
B.M. 2 ¢ Br Guiana. 1 2 Surinam (agrees with Stoll’s
figure). 1 g Fr Guiana. 1 ¢ Bolivia (Yungas—La Paz).
6 g 1 2 Amazons (Para).
3a (2). 3 upf and unf spot in space 1b well marked.
3 (4). Upf no cell spot: spots in spaces 2, 3, 6 (maybe 7).
¢ F 15 mm. Unh spots as in pertinax.
campo. 2 sub-species.
(a). Unh purple, pale veins conspicuous. Unf white area
in space 1b larger than on upf.
Sub-sp. sifax nov: ¢ Amazons: type B.M.
B.M. 1 6 1 @ Br Guiana. 4 $ 2 2 Amazons (Para.
‘Tonantins).
(b). Unh violet, pale veins faint. Unf white spot similar
to spot upf.
Sub-sp. campo Bell 1947: ¢ Rio: genitalia figured.
B.M. 2 ¢ Rio.
4 (3). Upf with an upper cell spot: otherwise as sifax but
genitalia quite different. Upf 3 apical spots. Uph yellow
spots in spaces 2 and 3. ¢ F 14 mm.
notex nov: ¢ Amazons, Tonantins: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
5a (ic). Below, yellow veins conspicuous on ochreous-
brown ground and termen with a yellow border.
5 (6). Unh yellow discal spots not continued into space 7.
$ F 16mm. Upf no cell spot: spots in spaces rb, 2, 3, 6,
7 and often dots in spaces 4 and 5. Uph may be spots in
spaces 2 and 3.
vira Butler 1870: 3 Para: type B.M.
Synonyms. ochroneura Mabille 1891: ¢ Massuary: MS
fig of type in B.M.
virga, mis-spelling by Godman 1900 and Seitz.
B.M. 1 2 Br Guiana. 1 2 Fr Guiana. 7 ¢ 4 9 Para.
270
L.z2. PHLEBODES
6 (5). Unh yellow discal spots continued into space 7. ¢ F
~ 16mm. Upf with an upper cell spot: hyaline white spots
in spaces 2 and 3 and small yellow spots in spaces 1b, 4,
5 and 6-8: basal half of costa yellow. Uph spots show
from unh in spaces 2, 3 (elongate) and 4 (oblique), more
or less conspicuously. Very like vzra, but genitalia differ.
_ virgo nov: 3 Amazons: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 1 9 Amazons (Para).
Ta (1b). Unh no discal spots: veins broadly pale. g F
7 ain.
7 (8). Upf no upper cell spot: some yellow scaling along
costa, followed by streaks in spaces g, 10 and 11: opaque
yellow spot in space 1b and yellow hyaline spots in spaces
2, 3 and 6. Uph with dark ochreous clothing except on
costal and outer borders. Unf ochreous along costa and
in cell: remainder and unh ochreous-brown with conspi-
cuous yellow veins: a narrow yellow streak in space 1b,
unf.
torax nov: ¢ Rio de Janeiro, Lagoon of Sacuaresma: P.
Germain: Aug—Sept 1904: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
8 (7). Upf with an upper cell spot and a spot in space 7,
otherwise as torax. Uph traces of suffused yellow discal
spots in spaces 2-6. Unf dark brown, costa, apex and cell
pale brown, veins paler than ground: pale streak in space
tb. Unh pale reddish-brown, veins paler.
eteocla Plotz 1883: ¢ Rio. Fig Seitz. Type from Mus
Berol examined at B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Argentine (Entre Rios). 1 2 ex coll Boisduval.
9a (1a). Unh veins not paler than the ground.
gb (11a). Upf and unf no spot in space 1b.
g (10). Unh brown with small, faint, bluish-white spots
in spaces 2-6, which may be absent. ¢ F 17 mm. Upf
with hyaline white spots in spaces 2 (oblique), 3 and 6
(often absent).
schmithi Bell 1940: $ Santa Catharina: genitalia figured.
B.M. 6 3S. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Porto Real).
271
L.3. JOANNA
10 (9). 2 unh violet with small piliita spots in spaces 2, 3,
6 and 7. Upf dark brown with hyaline white spots in
spaces 2, 3 and 6. Unf apex violet. F 18 mm.
sameda Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Seitz, but MS
copy of Pl6tz’s plate has the spots unh small.
B.M. None.
Ila (gb). Upf and unf with a pale spot in space 1b.
II (12). 2 unh brown with suffused pale spots in spaces
2-6, showing faintly uph. Upf white spots in spaces 1b,
2, 3 and 6. Unf dark brown, costa and apex paler:
elongate whitish discal area in space 1b. F 18 mm.
confixa Butler 1877: 2 Parentins, Amazons: type B.M.
B.M. 2 2 Amazons.
12 (11). Unh ferruginous with yellow discal spots broadly
suffused inwardly. ¢ F 17mm. Upf opaque yellow spot in
space 1b; hyaline yellow spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8:
basal half of costa ochreous. Unf apex and costa ferru-
ginous, no spot in space 1b. 9 has 2 cell spots and a small
spot in space 1b.
xanthobasis Hayward 1938: ¢ Argentine: genitalia figured.
Fig Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 1 3 Rio. 1 9 Parana.
L.3. JOANNA Evans (p. 265): type joanna Evans: fixed
by author. |
Antennae 4 costa: shaft chequered, yellow under club and
apiculus: nudum 4/9. Palpi somewhat appressed: third seg-
ment slender, short. Mid tibiae spined. ¢ upf with brands
or a tripartite stigma, above and below vein 2 and over
vein I: vein 2 rising much nearer to base than to origin of
vein 3.
| (2). Upf pale yellow hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3, 4, 6-8 and
2 dots in cell: yellow scaling on basal half of wing and at
apex. Uph greenish-yellow hairs on basal two- thirds of
wing. Unf sparse ochreous scaling on basal half of costa:
violet below apex along termen to vein 2: whitish discal
area in space 1b. Unh brown with sparse ochreous
scaling: small, faint pale spots end cell and on disc: violet
along termen and mid wing. ¢ F 13 mm.
272
L.s. BRUNA
joanna nov: 3 Veragua, Panama: type B.M.
B.M. 3 3 Panama.
2 (1). Upf pale yellow hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3, 6 and
upper part of cell: yellow opaque spot in space 1b. Uph
more or less distinct small yellow spots in spaces 2, 3, 4
and 5. Above, yellow scaling and clothing as in joanna.
Below, brown: costa and apex F and all H densely
ochreous scaled. Unf white dash in space 1b. Unh small
yellow spots in spaces 2-5 and end cell. ¢ brands, rather
_ than a stigma, dark grey. ¢ F 15 mm.
boxi nov: $ Berbice, Br Guiana: H. E. Box 1924: bred on
bamboo: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3S Venezuela. 2 3 Br Guiana. 1 ¢ Amazons
(Manaos).
L.4. PUNTA Evans (p. 265): type punta Evans: fixed by
author.
Antennae } costa: shaft plain, yellow under club: nudum
4/11. Palpi quadrate: third segment short, stout. Maid tibiae
spined. No secondary sexual characters.
Single species. ¢ F 17 mm. Dark brown. Upf with small
hyaline white spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6 (a dot). Below,
dark brown. Unf conspicuous violet band along termen
from apex to vein 2. Unh no spots: conspicuously violet
on basal third, broad dull ferruginous discal band and
violet along termen. Palpi grey and brown.
punta nov: ¢ Para: A. M. Moss: type B.M.
Bevis ays 1 2 Para.
L.5. BRUNA Evans (p. 265): type bruna Evans: fixed by
author.
Antennae rather longer than }$ costa: shaft chequered
pale and dark brown, pale brown under most of club:
nudum 6/9. Palpi quadrate, third segment short, stout.
Mid tibiae smooth. Wings rounded. ¢ upf broad, short
brands over and under origin of vein 2, which rises much
nearer to the base than to the origin of vein 3. Uncus
slender, undivided: no gnathos.
273
L.6. QUINTA
Single species. ¢ F 15 mm. Unmarked brown, above and
below. Unf dorsum paler. Palpi grey and brown.
bruna nov: 3 “‘Masun” (? Amazons): 28th Nov 1go1: ex
coll Rothschild.
B.M. Only the type.
L.6. QUINTA Evans (p. 265): type cannae Herrich-
Schaffer: fixed by author.
Antennae 4 costa: shaft plain, yellow under club, which
= + shaft: nudum 5/10. Palpi quadrate or flattened: third
segment short, stout. Mid tibiae spined. 3 upf brand over
vein 1 as in Rh/inthon overlaid by a hair tuft and another tuft
mid space 1a. Differs from R/inthon in the shorter cell F
and from C’ynea in the shorter antennae.
| (2). Uph unmarked, apart from faint indications of the
discal band unh. Upf generally hyaline white small spots
in spaces 2, 3 and apical dots in spaces 6-8: opaque spot
in space 1b in &. Unf costa with ferruginous scaling:
upper half of termen with violet scaling, broadened usually
in spaces 4 and 5: variable whitish area in space 1b, more
conspicuous in 2. Unh very variable: abdominal fold
brown: violet scaling in space 1a and broadly along ter-
men: rest of wing ferruginous with broad ochreous discal
band and spots mid and base space 7: but sometimes the
discal band is narrower, duller and the wing browner.
§ F 16 mm.
cannae Herrich-Schaffer 1869: no loc. Fig Godman &
Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz: Hayward 1951, ¢ and
genitalia.
Synonyms. calonice Burmeister 1878: Argentine: figured.
osembo Moschler 1882: 2 Surinam.
byzas Godman 1900: = cannae.
duspecca Weeks 1905: 3 Bolivia.
B.M. 6 3 4 2 Mexico. 1 $¢ Guatemala. 2 3 Honduras.
I ¢ 2 2 Costa Rica. 5 6 1 9 Panama. 2 ¢ 5 2 Colombia.
14 g¢ ar'? Venezuela. 7 ¢ 3-9 Trinidad: 3°¢°a)aae
Guiana. 2 ¢ Surinam. 1 ¢ 1 9 Fr Guiana. 2 ¢ 5 2
Ecuador. 17 6 142 Peru. 3 61 9 Bolivia. 3 ¢ 1 2 Upper
Amazons. 14 ¢ 10 2 Para. 1 ¢ 1 2 Matto Grosso. 18 3
274
L.7. CYNEA
79°58. Brazil. 5 6 2 9 Paraguay. 1 ¢ Uruguay. 25 3 169
Argentine.
2 (1). Uph with a small hyaline discal spot in space 3. Upf
as cannae but spots rather larger. Unf dark brown, pale
brown along costa and termen and beyond end cell: con-
spicuous white streak in space 1b. Unh pale brown; dark
brown at base cell, a central band and a discal row of
small spots from space 1c to space 7. ¢ F 18 mm.
locutia Hewitson 1876: 2 Brazil: type B.M.
Synonym. dyma Plotz 1883: Brazil. Fig Seitz: Hayward
1951, ¢ and genitalia.
mario Mexico 4i(coll’ Felder).:21' smo: loc, (coll
Semper). 1 2 Brazil (type). 1 @ Santa Catharina. 1 9
Rio Grande do Sul.
L.7. CYNEA Evans (p. 265): type cynea Hewitson: fixed
by author.
Antennae long, 4; costa: shaft plain, yellowish under club
and apiculus, and ‘above at base of club: club + shaft, bent
just beyond thickest part to apiculus, nudum 4/10. Palpi
quadrate: third segment short, stout, conical: grey, below.
Mid tibiae spined. Wings produced: F cell short, vein 2
rising nearer base than vein 3. ¢ upf with a brand over
vein 1, usually covered with a hair tuft springing from base
of space 1b: sometimes a tuft in space 1a or on edge of
dorsum. Head usually more or less greenish and sometimes
with red scaling behind the collar.
la (15a). Upf no spot or spots across cell.
tb (3a). Inner end of cuiller of clasp not overlapping
valva. 3 no tuft over brand.
1 (2). Upf unmarked. g F 22 mm. Head brown.
anthracinus. 2 sub-species.
(a). 3g unh outer third yellow, veins dark.
Sub-sp. anthracinus Mabille 1877: 3 ‘‘Colombia”’ (probably
Guatemala): type B.M. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. epaphus Godman 1go0o: 3 Guatemala: type
B.M.: figured.
B.M. Only the 2 types.
(b). 3 unh outer third more or less paler, may be faint
275
L.7. CYNEA
pale dots in spaces 2 and 3: unf may be some yellow
scaling at apex. 2 unh outer third yellow, inwardly edged
with rather faint whitish spots in spaces 2-5.
Sub-sp. luctatius Schaus 1913: ¢ Costa Rica: figured.
B.M. 1 3 Costa Rica. 2 ¢ 1 2 Venezuela. 1 2 Br Guiana.
2 6 1 2 Ecuador (Paramba). 1 $ Peru (Loreto).
Upper Amazons (Iquitos).
2 (1). Upf with conspicuous hyaline spots in spaces 2 and 3.
Head green.
cyrus. 2 sub-species.
(a). g F 21 mm. Upf hyaline dots in spaces 6-7 or 8 in
line: no spot in space 1b. Unf small white spot in space 1b
followed by a pale brown area. Unh uniform dark brown
with small whitish spots in spaces 2 and 3.
Sub-sp. hippo nov: ¢ Trinidad: A. Hall: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 Trinidad (and 1 ¢ coll W. J. Kaye).
(b). g¢ F 22 mm. As Aippo but upf a white spot in space
tb. 2 unf the dorsal pale area more conspicuous: unh like
anthracinus, outer third yellowish-brown inwardly flanked
by white discal spots in spaces 2, 3 to ICc—5.
Sub-sp. rhino nov: g Cayenne: C. Bar: type B.M.
B.M. 1 619 Fr Guiana. 2 $ 2 2 Upper Amazons (Teffe.
Iquitos). 1 Q Para.
(c). $F 24mm. Upf no apical spots nor a spot in space 1b
upf or unf. Unh reddish-brown.
Sub-sp. cyrus Plotz 1883: Rio. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. duroca Plotz 1883: Rio. Fide Seitz.
B.M. None.
3a (1b). Inner end of cuiller of clasp overlapping the valva.
3b (5a). Below, conspicuously variegated with pale and
dark areas on both wings. Upf plain, or with more or less
distinct opaque apical spots. ¢ upf tufts in spaces Ia
and rb.
3 (4). Unh discal pale spots do not extend into space 7
and basal area clouded with violet-grey scaling. No red
scaling behind collar. Unf basal two-thirds dark brown,
with 3 or 4 grey sub-apical spots thereon: outer area pale
brown, more or less overlaid with violet-grey scales: often
faint discal spots in spaces 2 and 3. ¢ F 18 mm.
276
L.7. CYNEA
irma Moschler 1878: ¢ Colombia. Fig as melius by Godman
& Salvin, ¢ and genitalia, and by Seitz.
Synonym. leucopogon Plétz 1882: g Laguayra. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 2 ¢ 2 2 Mexico. 1 $ Costa Rica. 2 § Panama. 3 3
29 Venezucla. 5 ¢ Itinidad. 3 $ Br Guiana. 1 3 1 9
Amazons (Anna R. Juhuty). 2 ¢ Pernambuco. 5 ¢ 1 9
S. Brazil (Rio. Espirito Santo).
4 (3). Unh discal pale spots extend into space 7 and with
spots at base space 7 and in cell. With red scaling behind
collar. Otherwise very like zyma. ¢ F 16 mm.
melius Geyer 1852: ¢ S. America: figured. Figs by Godman
& Salvin and Seitz are of zrma.
Synonym. sarus Bell 1947: ¢ Blumenau: genitalia figured
adapted for inclusion here).
B.M. 225. Brazil (Santa Catharina).
5a (3b). Below, not conspicuously variegated.
5b (11a). Gnathos of genitalia shorter than uncus. ¢ upf
tuft in space 1b.
5 (6a). Cuiller of clasp with an inward spined process
near its base. ¢ F 15 mm. Upf hyaline spots in spaces 2
and 3 (may be in space 6). Uph upper half violet glossed
in a side light, also unh where the usual small pale spot
end cell and on disc may be present. Head greenish.
iquita Bell 1941: 3 Iquitos: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 ¢ Surinam. 1 ¢ Obidos. 1 § Maranham.
6a (5). Cuiller of clasp without such process.
6b (ga). Aedoeagus, seen from side, with the upper and
lower edges sub-equal. ¢ upf the tuft over the brand long
and dense.
6c (8). Upf unmarked with hyaline spots.
6 (7). Unh reddish-purple-brown with faint discal spots.
¢ F 14mm. Above, dark ochreous-brown: may be faint
spots on upf formed of a few yellow scales. Unf rather
pale brown, darker basally. Legs yellow.
fista nov: ¢ Petropolis: type B.M.
B.M. 3 3 8. Brazil (Petropolis. Novo Friborgo. Santa
Catharina).
7 (6). Unh purple-brown, unmarked. ¢ F 17 mm. Above,
277
L.7. CYNEA
black, unmarked. Aedoeagus with a short spine on left,
seen ventrally. Superficially like megalops. Head greenish:
reddish behind collar.
corisana Moéschler 1882: 3 Surinam. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. nubila Mabille 1891: Porto Cabello. MS fig
of type in B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Costa Rica. 1 $ Venezuela. 1 ¢ Amazons
(Solimoes). .
8 (6c). Upf dark brown with hyaline spots in spaces 2 and 3
and usually a dot in space 6. g¢ F 14 mm. Unf dark
brown, dorsum rather paler. Unh purple-brown, abdo-
minal fold brown: more or less well-marked small yellow
spots end cell and in spaces 1c—5. Head greenish.
popla nov: ¢ Trinidad: type B.M.
B.M. 1 $ Panama. 3 ¢ Colombia. 5 ¢ 2 2 Venezuela.
10 612 Trinidad. 6 $1 9 Br Guiana. 1 ¢ Para. 1 3 Rio.
9a (6b). Aedoeagus, seen from side, with the upper edge
much longer than lower edge and tapered: seen ventrally,
with a conspicuous projecting spine on left. ¢ upf tuft
over brand short and thin.
g (10). Back of cuiller of clasp rounded. ¢ F 14 mm.
Head greenish, some red scaling behind collar.
robba. 2 sub-species.
(a). Above, unmarked dark brown. Unh purple-brown
with the usual small yellow discal spots.
Sub-sp. robba nov: ¢ Br Guiana, Kaiteur Falls: February—
March 1936: A. Hall: type B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ Br Guiana. 1 § Maranham.
(b). Browner. Upf with hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3 and
sometimes in space 6. Below, browner and spots unh
white.
Sub-sp. nippa nov: ¢ Chapada, Matto Grosso: H. H. Smith:
type B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ Para. 2 $ Matto Grosso.
10 (9). Back of cuiller of clasp angled. ¢ F 16 mm.
hycsos. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf with narrow hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3 and a
dot in space 6. Unf dark brown, paler dorsally. Unh
278
L.7. CYNEA
purple-brown to the brown abdominal fold: may be some
pale discal spots in spaces 2, 3 and 5. Wings more
produced than usual: termen F and H« straight.
Sub-sp. hycsos Mabille 1891: g$ Colombia: MS fig by
Mabille in B.M.
B.M. 1 $ Colombia. 1 3 Venezuela. 5 3 4 2 Ecuador
(Paramba).
(b). Differs only in the complete absence of markings,
above and below.
Sub-sp. somba nov: ¢ Brazil: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
Ila (5b). Gnathos of genitalia as long as the uncus.
11 (12a). Upf unmarked. g¢ F 17 mm. Unf dorsum paler.
Unh unmarked dark brown. Head green: reddish behind
collar. g upf brand obscure, no tuft in space rb, but with
a tuft on edge of dorsum below the brand.
megalops Godman i1goo: g Costa Rica: type B.M.: ¢ and
genitalia figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 3 Mexico. 1 ¢ Costa Rica. 8 $ 1 9 Ecuador
(Paramba. La Chima. Balzapamba).
12a (11). Upf with hyaline spots in spaces 2 and 3 at least.
12b (14). Unf space 1b usually paler but not conspi-
cuously white or yellowish-white.
12 (13). Upf the spots in spaces 2 and 3 wide apart as
usual, the spot in space 2 being placed nearer to the origin
of vein 3 than to the spot in space 3, and immediately
under the origin of vein 4. § F 14-18 mm. Upf spots in
spaces 2 and 3 may be faint: a single apical spot in space 6,
which may be absent. Unf spots better marked, some-
times 3 apical spots and in 2 an upper cell spot. Unh
chocolate: in 2 a white dot in cell and a discal series in
spaces 1c-6, some or all of which may be absent in 6.
Head green. ¢ upf brand and tuft as in megalops, which
could be regarded as a sub-species of bistrigula.
bistrigula Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. The fig in Seitz
may be of diluta.
Synonym. tanaris Schaus 1902: 3 ‘Tyuco, Brazil.
B.M. 2 ¢ Venezuela. 4 5 Br Guiana. 1 ¢ Fr Guiana.
1 ¢ Bolivia. 2 ¢ 1 9 Upper Amazons (Ucayali. Pebas). 2 3
279
L.7. CYNEA
Para. 6 3 S. Brazil (Rio. Tiyuco. Espirito Santo. Petro-
polis).
13 (12). Upf the spot in space 2 approximate to the spot in
space 3, placed midway between the spot in space 3 and
the origin of vein 3, also nearer termen than the origin of
vein 4. Head brown, only the frons greenish. Back of
cuiller of clasp with a short projecting spike. ¢ F 16-18
mm. Upf spots at apex vary from none to 3. Unf dorsum
rather paler. Unh chocolate: usually small yellow spots in
spaces 2 and 3 in 9, rarely present in g. ¢ upf tuft on
dorsum.
diluta Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Seitz fig of bdistrigula
may be of diluta.
Synonyms. erebina Moschler 1878: 3 Colombia.
zeppa Moschler 1882: $ Surinam. Fig Seitz.
vellejus Plotz 1883: Surinam. 7
cleochares Mabille 1891: 2 Venezuela: MS fig in B.M.
alus Godman 1goo: ¢ Br Guiana: type B.M.: ¢ and
genitalia figured.
bomax Schaus 1902: ¢ Petropolis.
B.M. 1 ¢ Honduras. 4 $ Panama. 1 ¢ 1 2 Colombia.
1 ¢ 1 Q@ Venezuela. 6 $ Trinidad. 4 $ 4 2 Br Guiana.
1 ¢ Surinam. 2 ¢ Bolivia (Yungas—La Paz). 5 g 1 9
Upper Amazons (Iquitos. Pebas. Ega. AnnaR.). 7332
Para. 1 2 Bahia. 1 3 S. Brazil (Itaparica).
14 (12b). Unf outer half of space 1b conspicuously and
broadly yellowish-white or white. ¢ F 18 mm. Upf hya-
line spots in spaces 2, 3 and dot in space 6, but there
may be an upper cell spot and none to 3 apical spots. Unh
with dark ochreous scaling except on the brown abdominal
fold: small pale yellow spots in cell and spaces 2, 3 and 5,
but often faint or absent. Head greenish: reddish behind
collar. ¢ upf tuft on dorsum. |
cynea Hewitson 1876: $ Venezuela: type B.M. Fig God-
man & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz: Hayward 1951, 6.
Synonyms. tersa Méschler 1878: 2 Colombia.
kasus Moschler 1878: g¢ Colombia.
binaria Mabille 1891: 3 Venezuela: MS fig in B.M.
zaba Strand 1920: 3 Mexico.
280
L.8. RHINTHON
B.M. 3 3 Mexico. 1 $ Guatemala. 2 $ Nicaragua. 3 3
Costa Rica. 1 ¢ Panama. 1 3 Venezuela. 1 2 Bahia.
15a (1a). Upf cell spot or spots across the cell.
15 (16a). Upf hyaline spots small, 2 in cell, trace in
space 1b, narrow and oblique in space 2, small in space 3,
dot in space 6 and sometimes in space 7. Unf paler
towards dorsum. Unh brown, pale yellow dots in cell and
spaces 2-5, or may be absent. Head greenish, reddish
behind collar. ¢ upf conspicuous tuft in space 1b over the
brand, and a tuft in space Ia.
corope Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
Synonym. plilerope Plotz 1883: Brazil.
advena Draudt 1923: Bolivia: figured.
B.M. 2 3 Nicaragua.
16 a (15). Upf spots in space 2 and cell large, quadrate.
16 (17). Upf inner edges of spots in cell and space 2 in
line: small spot in space 3, none at apex: in 2 also a small
Opaque spot in space 1b. Unf brown, paler at apex and
costa: conspicuous broad white area in outer half of
space 1b. Unh pale brown, centrally darker: sometimes
traces of small white spots at end cell and on disc. 3 F
18 mm.: upf tuft on dorsum. Head greenish, reddish
behind collar.
trimaculata Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
his. Para. 1g 1 2 Minas Geraes.. 1 9 Rio.
[7 (16). Upf outer edge of spot in cell in line with inner
edge of spot in space 2: small spots in spaces 2, 6 and 7:
opaque dot over vein 1. Uph dot in space 3. Below, apex
and costa F and all H ochreous-brown: unf whitish area
in space Ib as large as spot in space 2: unh dot in space 3.
© F 18 mm. Head green.
ulrica Pl6tz 1883: 9 Rio: type examined in B.M.
B.M. None.
L.8. RHINTHON Godman igoo: type cubana Herrich-
Schaffer: fixed by author as Protezdes chiriquensis Mabille,
which is a synonym of cabella Plotz, which is a sub-species
of cubana.
281
L.8. RHINTHON
Antennae $ costa: shaft plain, yellowish-white under club
and apiculus, also at base of club, above: bent beyond
thickest point to apiculus: nudum 5/9. Palpi flattened, third
segment short, stout, blunt. Mid tibiae spined. Wings
produced: ¢ F cell nearly = dorsum: vein 2 rising nearer
base than to vein 3: H end cell upturned: vein 1a = vein 1b.
$ upf with a whitish brand over vein 1, covered by a hair
tuft from base of space 1b and a tuft also in space Ia,’as in
Cynea and Quinta.
I (2). Unh with sparse grey scaling and inconspicuous
small whitish spots on disc and at end cell. ¢ F 20 mm.
cubana. 2 sub-species.
(a). Above, dark brown. Upf hyaline white spot across
cell (divided in ¢), large spot in space 2 (overlapping cell
spot in 2), spot in space 3 and at apex in spaces 6-8. Uph
centrally paler, faint traces of discal spots from unh. Unf
sparse grey scaling on costa and at apex: space 1b paler
on disc. Head greenish.
Sub-sp. cubana Herrich-Schaffer 1865: 2 Cuba. Fig
Williams 1931, 3
Synonym. thermae Kaye 1925: 2 Jamaica. Fig Kaye
1931: Avinoff & Shoumatoff 1941, 3.
BMV. oe GCuba; 29 qamaics:
(b). Paler, markings larger. Uph hyaline spots in spaces 3,
5 and opaque spot in space 2. Unf paler, conspicuous
white discal area in space 1b. Unh spots more conspi-
cuous.
Sub-sp. osea Plétz 1883: 2 Venezuela. Type examined at
B.M.
Synonyms. cabella Plotz 1886: 3 Porto Cabello.
chiriquensis Mabille 1889: $ Chiriqui: figured. oa God-
man & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz, 9.
biserta Schaus 1902: $ Trinidad.
B.M. 3 ¢ 1 2 Mexico. 2 ¢ 1 2 Guatemala. 2 ¢ Honduras.
2612 Panama. 2 g 1 9 Colombia. 2 ¢ 2 2 Venezuela.
233 2 Trinidad. 1 $ Tobago. 1 $ Ecuador (Quito).
2 (1). Unh small round orange spot base space 7: large
irregular white spot in cell, more or less ringed orange and
a second orange spot beyond it: below cell spot, 2 large
282
L.g. MUCIA
silvery-white spots. ¢ F 18 mm. Upf with yellowish-
white spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 6-8 and across cell: cilia
at tornus orange. Uph plain. Unf patch of greenish-
yellow scales at apex: spot in space 1b white: 3 greenish-
yellow streaks above the cell spot: a fourth apical spot
greenish-yellow followed by 2 streaks.
bushi Watson 1937: ¢ San Domingo.
B.M. None.
L.9. MUCIA Godman 1900: type zygia Plétz: sole species
included was thyia Godman, which is a synonym of zygza.
Antennae about 4 costa: shaft obscurely chequered, yellow
under club: nudum 5/10. Palpi rather flattened: third seg-
ment stout, short. Mid tibiae spined. ¢ upf with an incon-
spicuous dark, tripartite stigma, of which the lower part,
Over vein I, is frequently absent.
la (3a). Unh with black spots.
1 (2). Unh no black spot in cell: brown with sparse
ochreous scaling: black spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6. Upf
small hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6 (a dot often absent).
Unf with sparse ochreous scaling: no pale spot or area in
space 1b: black spots in spaces 4 and 5 near termen, and
in spaces 6, 7 and 8, of which that in 6 may be hyaline. A
variable species: all hyaline and black spots may be absent:
scaling below may be greyer and dense: a 2? has all the
apical spots hyaline. ¢ F 17 mm.
zygia Plotz 1886: ? loc: copy of MS fig in B.M. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonyms. thyia Godman 1goo: § Mexico: type B.M.:
figured 3, venation, genitalia. Fig Seitz.
? matalma Schaus 1902: 3¢ Petropolis.
B.M. 2422 Mexico. 10 61 2 Colombia. 1 ¢ Venezuela.
1 ¢ Trinidad. 1 g Tobago. 2 $ Br Guiana. 1 ¢ Bolivia
(Yungas—La Paz). 1 9 Pernambuco. 1 $ Matto Grosso.
2 $ S. Brazil (Parana. Santa Catharina). 3 g Paraguay.
aie a) OV Aroentine.
2 (1). Unh with black spot in cell and in spaces 1c-7.
Above, dark greenish-grey. Upf small white hyaline spots
A.H.—19 283
E10, PENICULA
in spaces 2, 3, 6-8 and in cell. Below, ashy grey: unf
small white spot in space 1b. 3 F 16 mm.
yva Plotz 1886: ? loc: copy of MS fig in B.M. with loc as
Blumenau.
B.M. None.
3a (1a). Unh no black spots.
3b (5). Unh marking insignificant or absent.
3 (4). Upf with pale yellow hyaline spots in spaces 2,°3
and dot in 6. Below, costa and apex F and all H ochreous-
brown: unf faint suffused whitish discal area in space 1b:
unh small yellow spots in spaces 2 and 3. ¢ F 16 mm.
visa nov: 3 Rio de Janeiro: Beske: ex coll Kaden: type B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ Minas Geraes. 1 ¢ Rio.
4 (3). Above and below, unmarked. Head and theca
greenish. ¢ upf stigma broad. $ F 16 mm.
immaculatus Hayward 1940: g Ecuador: genitalia figured.
B.M. None. (Type examined.)
5 (3b). Unh with a silvery-white macular discal band in
spaces 1c—-6 on an ochreous-brown ground. 3 F 16 mm.
Upf hyaline white spots in spaces 2, 3, 6, 7 and lower cell
spot: opaque yellow small spots in spaces 1b and 8. Unf
costa and apex ochreous-brown. ¢ upf stigma broad.
scitula Hayward 1950: ¢ Brazil: genitalia figured.
B.M. None. (Type examined.)
L.10. PENICULA Evans (p. 265): type bryanti Weeks:
fixed by author.
A genus of similar species brought together because of the
presence of a hair tuft mid uph in ¢: other secondary sexual
characters vary with the species. Antennae plain, yellow
under club: nudum 5/8—5/9. Palpi quadrate: third segment
short, conical. Mid tibiae spined. Wings produced. Head
green. ¢ F 16 mm.
I (2a). Upf with a hyaline white spot in space 4 close to the
spot in space 3 (a very unusual feature), also spots in
spaces 2 and 6, may be in 5 and 7: rarely 1 or 2 cell spots:
costa and basal 4 cell with dark ochreous scaling. Below,
ochreous-brown: unf no pale area in space 1b in g: unh
284
L.10. PENICULA
with faint traces of discal spots. $ upf angular dark brand
Over origin vein 2, short brands under vein 2 and over
vein 1: uph a thin brush from over the upper end of the
cell extending over a large black rectangular area, filling
lower end of cell, reaching to vein 1b and half-way to
termen. Antennae as long as lower end of cell. Abdomen
white, below, with a central dark line. 9 unf apex and all
unh violet: suffused whitish discal spots unh, showing
faintly on uph.
bryanti Weeks 1906: Venezuela. Fig Weeks 1906: Hay-
ward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
Synonym. cocoa Kaye 1913: Trinidad: figured.
B.M. 1 ¢ Br Guiana. 1 ¢ Surinam. 4 $ Amazons. 2 3
1 9 Matto Grosso. 3 6 1 9 S. Brazil (Parana. ‘Thereso-
polis). 1 g Paraguay. 2 3 Argentine.
2a (1). Upf no hyaline spot in space 4. ¢ uph dense hair
tuft springing from upper part base cell and covering a
greyish area about the swollen bases of veins 2 and 3.
2 (3a). Upf 2 hyaline spots in cell as well as conspicuous
spots in spaces 2, 3 and dots 6, 7: 2 with a small spot in
space 1b. Uph spots in spaces 2, 3 and 5, faint in 4,
hyaline in 2. Below, brown: unf conspicuous white streak
in space rb in Q, faint in g: unh small pale yellow spots
in spaces Ic, 2, 3, 5 and end cell. 3g upf brands reduced
to black dots, one under vein 2 and another above vein 1.
abdomen and antennae as in bryant.
criska nov: 3 Boa Vista, ‘Tapajos, Amazons: A. Miles Moss:
type B.M.
B.M. 8 g 2 2 Amazons (Iquitos—Obidos). 1 ¢ Minas
Geraes.
3a (2). Upf no spots in cell, only in spaces 2, 3 and 6. Below,
brown: unf rather paler in space 1b: unh usually a small
pale spot in space 1c and may be traces in spaces 2 and 3.
6 upf no brands. Antennae as long as upper end cell.
Abdomen below, brown.
3 (4. 5). Upf hyaline spots small but conspicuous. Cuiller
of clasp not overlapping the valva, which does not extend
dorsally beyond the cuiller. End aedoeagus bifid. Below,
dark brown.
285
L.11. DECINEA
cristina nov: $ Cananche, Cundinamarca, Colombia: Sept
1903: M. de Mathan: type B.M.
B.M. 3 6 type loc.
4 (3. 5). Like cristina but cuiller of clasp overlaps the valva,
the upper part of which is serrate.
crista nov: ¢ Venezuela, Suapure: 8th March 1899: bye
B.M.
B.M. Only the type. “
5 (3.4). Upf spots reduced to dots or absent. Below, apex unf
and all unh red-brown with a faint purple gloss. Cuiller
of clasp overlaps the valva, which extends dorsally beyond
the cuiller and is not serrate. End aedoeagus quadrifid.
cristatus Bell 1930: ¢ Santa Catharina: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 ¢ Espirito Santo.
L.1l. DECINEA Evans (p. 266): type decinea Hewitson:
fixed by author.
Antennae $ costa: club } shaft: constricted beyond thickest
part to apiculus: nudum 9/8. Palpi flattened: third segment
short, conical, protruding. Mid tibiae spined. F cell < dor-
sum: H, at end vein 6 = dorsum F. ¢ no stigma or brands,
but just before mid vein 1 F there is a small upward spur in
most species.
| (2a). Unh with a conspicuous yellow discal spot in space
Ic against vein tb. ¢ F20mm. Above, brown. Upf basal
half costa reddish-ochreous: opaque yellow spot in space
tb: hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3 and may be small spots in
spaces 4, 5, 6-8 and 1 or 2 in cell. Uph from small spot
in space 3 to spots in spaces 2, 3, 4, 5 and cell. Unf costa
and apex brownish-ochreous, rest black: large yellowish
area in space 1b. Unh brownish-ochreous, spots as uph,
as well as the spot in space 1c. Antennae below, chequered,
club yellow. Palpi black and ochreous.
mammoea Hewitson 1876: 3¢ Brazil: type B.M.
B.M. 13 3 8. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Petropolis. Parana).
2a (1). Unh no conspicuous yellow spot in space Ic.
2b (8a). 3 unf in space rb, a large yellow or white discal
area, much larger than the spot in space 2.
286
L.11. DECINEA
2 (3a). Upf conspicuous cell spot against the spot in
space 2. Head and thorax, blue glossed.
decinea. 5 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 17mm. As decinea but cell spots separate: small
spot in space 1b and often a dot in space 4 upf. Below,
ferruginous, with more or less ochreous scaling: 2 may
have a spot in space 6. Aedoeagus with no process at the
side. Palpi below yellow.
Sub-sp. derisor Mabille 1891: 3 Venezuela.
1 9 Mexico (ex coll Godman & Salvin, labelled Calpodes
ethlius). 8 $ Colombia. 3 ¢ Br Guiana. 1 g$ Amazons
(Iquitos).
(b). As derisor but upf single upper cell spot. Palpi below,
yellow and ferruginous. Aedoeagus with a short flap on
the right, like pruda. 2 has a double cell spot.
Sub-sp. denta nov: ¢ Peru, La Merced, 2500 feet, Nov 1903 :_
Watkins & Tomlinson: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 type loc. 1 6 1 9 Amazons (Itaituba—Obidos).
1 2 Bolivia (Santa Cruz).
(c). g¢ F 18mm. ¢ upf opaque spot in space 1b, hyaline
spots in spaces 2, 3, 6-8 and double spot in cell. Uph
hyaline spots in spaces 2 and 3; 2 also in space 6. Unf
costa and apex and all unh ferruginous with sparse
ochreous scaling. Aedoeagus has a long slender process
on the right side from the middle to the tip.
Sub-sp. decinea Hewitson 1876: 3 Brazil: type B.M. Figs
by Hayward 1951 are of pruda.
Synonyms. ? nanneta Plétz 1882: Rio. Fig Seitz.
fortis Schaus 1902: $ Castro, Parana. Fig Hayward 1934,
applies to pruda.
Bayle eo 3 7 2) 5. Brazil (Parana, “Rio, Espirito
Santo).
(d). ¢ F20mm. Like decinea, but upf no spot in space 1b.
Below, ferruginous red, no ochreous scaling. Aedoeagus
with no process at the side.
Sub-sp. antus Mabille 1895: 2 Santa Catharina: type B.M.
Synonym. huntingdon Bell 1930: 3 Santa Catharina:
genitalia figured.
B.M. 3 ¢ 1 9 Santa Catharina.
(ce). $ F 20mm. Paler than decinea, but differs primarily
287
L.11. DECINEA
in respect of the aedoeagus, which has a short flap on the
right, as in denta.
Sub-sp. pruda nov: ¢ Sapucay, Paraguay: Sept 1903: W.
Foster: type B.M. Fig Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia as
decinea.
B.M. 1 ¢ 1 9 Paraguay.
3a (2). Upf no cell spot (rarely faint in individuals).
3b (5a). Upf 3 with a conspicuous opaque yellowish spot
in space 1b. Colouring and markings as decinea.
3 (4). ¢ F 16mm. Upf apical spots vestigial. Clasp with
no spine at the back of the cuiller. Type has no head.
zapota nov: ¢ Zapote, Guatemala: G. C. Champion: type
B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
4 (3). dF 17mm. Upf 2 or 3 small, but well-marked apical
spots. Clasp with a small spine at back of the cuiller.
Antennal club conspicuously white above.
milesi Weeks 1901: 2 Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1906.
B.M. 7 ¢ Peru (Carabaya. Marcapata).
5a (3b). Upf no conspicuous pale spot in space 1b.
5 (6a). Antennal club above, more or less white. Above,
only the hyaline spots in spaces 2 and 3 upf conspicuous:
upf usually a dot at apex and usually.a dot in space 2 uph.
Below, brown, whitish streak in space 1b conspicuous and
unh small spots in spaces 2 and 3.
neroides. 2 sub-species.
(a). g F 20mm. Upf spot in space 2 broad, outwardly
excavate. White on antennal club extensive.
Sub-sp. neroides Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. lydora Plotz 1883: 3 Venezuela. Fig Seitz:
Hayward 1951.
brownt Hayward 1940: $ Ecuador: genitalia figured.
B.M. 4 3S Colombia. 20 $ 4 2 Ecuador (Paramba.
Cachabe. Balzapamba. Huigra).
(b). g¢ F 18 mm. Upf spot in space 2 linear, oblique,
directed to apex. White on antennal club reduced.
Sub-sp. lyco Mabille 1878: 3 Peru: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3g Ecuador (Zamora. Rio Pastaza). 11 ¢ I Q
288
L.11. DECINEA
Peru (Cuzcu. Huancabamba. Carabaya). 13 3 Bolivia
(Coroico. Songo. T’anampaya.)
6a (5). Antennal club not white above.
6(7). Unh ferruginous. ¢ F 17mm. Above, dark brown,
head and thorax greenish. Upf basal half costa ochreous
and sparse ochreous scaling to dorsum: hyaline spots in
spaces 2, 3 and 6, 7. Uph small hyaline spots in spaces 2
and 3. Unf apex and costa ferruginous with an admixture
of dull ochreous scales: upper part of cell more or less
yellow and the yellowish area in space 1b very conspi-
cuous.
dama Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Hayward 1951: 3
and genitalia.
Synonyms. onasima Hewitson 1877: Brazil.
boliviensis Bell 1930: 3 Bolivia: genitalia figured.
? formosus Hayward 1940: $ Ecuador: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 3 Colombia. 2 3 Bolivia (Cochabamba. Yungas—
La Paz). 4 3S. Brazil (Parana). 1 ¢ Argentine.
7 (6). Unh brown with sparse dull ochreous scaling. g F
18 mm. Upf hyaline white spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8:
sometimes a dot in space 1. Uph without spots or up to
2 in spaces 2 and 3. Unh apex and costa reddish-brown:
ae area in space 1b is whitish and somewhat reduced in
Unh a spot in cell and usually spots in spaces 2 and 3.
es below, yellow on club extending to middle of
shaft.
percosius Godman 1900: ¢ Mexico: type B.M.: figured ¢
and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
Biyioe2 so 2°92 Mexico. 3¢ Br Guiana.
8a (2b). ¢ unf marking in space 1b, absent, faint or, if
present, smaller than spot in space 2.
8 (9). Upf 1 or 2 or no cell spots present, but, if present,
they are placed over the spot in space 2: always spots in
spaces 2, 3 and 6-8: often a dot in space 1b. Uph may be
plain: usually a small spot in space 3, often also in space 2,
sometimes in space 6. Below, grey-brown to ochreous-
brown, except for the black basal area unf. Unf usually
a small whitish spot in space 1b in ¢ and a streak in 9.
289
L.1z2. OEONUS
Unh discal area may be darkened: spotting very variable:
usually a spot in cell and in spaces 2 and 3; may be spots
in spaces 4, 5 and6. g¢ F 16mm.
lucifer Hiibner 1831: 2 Surinam: figured.
Synonyms. pindar Schaus 1913: 3 Costa Rica: type B.M.:
figured.
cocalus Hayward 1938: 3 Argentine: genitalia figured.
Fig Hayward 1951: 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 2 ¢ Mexico. 1 ¢ Costa Rica. 1 ¢ Br Guiana. 9 3
4 9 Ecuador (Paramba). 2 g¢ Para. 1 g Matto Grosso.
3.6.8. Brazil (Rio. Sao Paulo). 1 ¢ 1 9 Paraguay. 2 312
Argentine.
9 (8). Upf cell spot not over the spot in space 2, which is
midway between the cell spot and the spot in space 3:
¢ F 17 mm. Upf hyaline white spots in spaces 2, 3, 6, 7
and 2 in cell. Unh small white spots in cell and spaces 2
and 3.
mubevensis Bell 1931: 3 Paraguay: ete figured.
B.M. None.
L.12, OEONUS Godman 1900: type pyste Godman: sole
species included. ;
Antennae 4 costa: shaft chequered more or less, yellow
under club: nudum 7/8-8/8. Palpi somewhat flattened:
third segment short, stout, conical. Mid tibiae spined. ¢
upf tripartite stigma. Uncus quadrifid. Unf with a conspi-
cuous pale subtornal area.
la (3). 3g upf stigma dark brown, inconspicuous.
1 (2). Upf hyaline white spots in spaces 2 (elongate), 3:
may be faint opaque spot in space 1b. Below, chocolate:
unh faint suffused discal spots in spaces 2-5. 2 upf spot
in space 2 larger, rectangular: may be a dot in space 6:
unh subtornal white area more conspicuous. ¢ F 17 mm.
pyste Godman i1go0: ¢ Mexico: type B.M.: figured, ¢
venation, genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 6 3 2 2 Mexico.
2 (1). Upf unmarked. Below, ochreous-brown: pale yellow
streak in space 1b and spots in spaces 2 and 3. Unh faint
290
L.13. CYCLOSMA
yellowish spot in space Ic: vestigial traces of grey spots
_ end cell and on disc. ¢ F 17 mm.
edlichi Plotz 1886: 2 ? loc: copy of MS fig in B.M.
Bevin Ss Brazil.
3 (1a). dg upf stigma grey, conspicuous. Above, dark brown:
head and collar greenish-blue and a similar faint gloss on
thorax and wing bases: cilia narrowly white on H and
lower part F. Upf hyaline white spot in space 3 and a
lower cell spot, above which there is another spot in one
specimen. Below, chocolate: unf large yellowish-white
area in space 1b and base costa dull ochreous: unh a faint
purple gloss and traces of tiny pale spots in spaces 2 and 3.
a EF 20 mm.
egma nov: ¢ Espirito Santo: type B.M.
nevi. 2G type loc.
L.13. CYCLOSMA Draudt 1924: type abdonides Draudt:
sole species included by author.
Synonym. Schausana Bell 1938: type altama Schaus:
fixed by author.
Antennae 7% costa: club 4 shaft, ovate: nudum 8/8. Palpi
appressed: third segment protruding, stout. Mid and hind
tibiae spined: hind tibiae without the upper pair of spurs.
Wings somewhat produced: F cell < dorsum: H vein 1a
= vein 2. ¢ upf with an oval brand under vein 3. Uncus
widely divided: gnathos divided, but arms contiguous or
separated apically: aedoeagus broad-ended: cuiller of clasp
long, tapered. All species have costa and apex unf and all
unh pale bluish-grey: uph and unh unspotted. ¢ F 17 mm.
| (2a). Upf with conspicuous white spots: large semi-
hyaline across space 1b, adjoining hyaline spots in spaces
2, 3 and across cell. Unf spot in space 1b enlarged.
6 upf brand under origin of vein 3. Antennae white
banded at base of club.
glamis nov: ¢ Peru, La Merced, 2500 feet: Watkins &
Tomlinson, July-August 1903: type B.M.
Be 4) ¢ Peru. (Chanchamayo.),,.ia.‘Mereed.. Rio
Colorado).
291
L.14. CALIGULANA
2a (1). Upf no conspicuous hyaline spots: short hyaline
white streak along lower edge of cell. Unf large discal
white area in space 1b. ¢ upf brand placed just beyond
the origin of vein 3.
2 (3). Below, veins not darkened. 3 upf usually a small,
upper hyaline cell spot. 2 upf no spots in cell: unf hazy
white spot in space 2. Antennae white banded at base
of club. Pe:
altama Schaus 1902: ¢ Castro, Parana. Fig Hayward 1951,
¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 § Upper Amazons (Pebas). 3 ¢ Minas Geraes.
5 61258. Brazil (Parana. Sao Paulo). 2 g Paraguay.
3 (2). Below, apex and all unh veins darkened. Above,
darker. Upf no upper cell spot. Antennae, above, not
white banded at base of club.
abdonides Draudt 1924: ¢ Bolivia: figured.
B.M. 2 3 Peru (Chanchamayo).
L.14. CALIGULANA Bell 1942: type caligula Schaus:
fixed by author.
The genitalia are very similar to those of Cyclosma species,
but the following differences seem to justify generic separa-
tion. Hind tibiae with 2 pairs of spurs. Antennae 3 costa:
yellow below and yellow banded at base of club, above. 3
upf oval black brand placed against the cubitus before the
origin of vein 3.
Single species. ¢ F 17 mm. Above, brown, unmarked
except for a black streak defining the end of the cell. Unf
pale brown costa and apex: black bar at end of cell:
elongate white ‘area in space 1b. Unh pale brown: post-
discal white band (2 mm. wide) from vein 1b to apex in
space 7.
caligula Schaus 1902: $ Novo Friborgo.
B.M. 7 3S. Brazil (Novo Friborgo. Petropolis). -
L.1I5. ORTHOS Evans (p. 266): type orthos Godman:
fixed by author.
Antennae rather longer than half costa: shaft plain, yellow
under base club: nudum 7/9. Palpi flattened: third segment
short, stout, conical. Mid tibiae spined. ¢ typically with
292
L.15. ORTHOS
brands as in Eutychide, but vary and may be absent. F
dorsum > H costa at end vein 6. Unf with a conspicuous
white streak or area in space 1b.
la (5). 3d upf with secondary sexual characters.
tb (3a). Upf no cell spot.
1 (2). Unh unmarked or with vestigial markings.
-orthos 3 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 16mm. Upf white hyaline spots in spaces 2 and
3. Below, apex and costa F and all H, ochreous-brown,
with a rather faint purple gloss. Unf white area in space 1b
large. 3 upf slender brands against cubitus between veins
2 and 3: over and under vein 2: over vein I.
Sub-sp. orthos Godman i1goo: ¢ Panama: type B.M.:
figured ¢ and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 3 ¢ Panama. 1 g 1 2 Trinidad. 1 3 Peru (Moya-
bamba).
(b). ¢ F 13 mm. Upf unmarked. Unf faint spot in
space 2: white area in space tb conspicuous. Below, apex
F and all H, purple gloss conspicuous. ¢ upf brand under
vein 2 and over vein 1 short.
Sub-sp. minka nov: ¢ Amazons, Manaos: type B.M.
B.M. 3 ¢ Amazons (Manaos. Anna R.).
(c). ¢ F 16 mm. Upf spots larger than in orthos and
hyaline spots may be present in spaces 1b and 6. Below,
apex F and all H much yellower brown. Unf white area
in space 1b reduced. Brands as in orthos.
Sub-sp. hyalinus Bell 1930: 3g Santa Catharina: genitalia
figured. Fig Hayward 195r, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 1 g Rio. 1 $ Santos, Sao Paulo. 1 3 Argentine.
2 (1). Unh variegated: dark ferruginous, basally reddish:
white scaling in space 1a, along termen and a band from
mid space Ic to termen in space 6. ¢ F 18mm. Upf white
spots in 1b (opaque), 2, 3 and 6-8 (hyaline). Unf costa
and apex reddish: streak of white scaling from just beyond
mid space 4 to apex: large whitish area in space 1b. ¢ upf
long brand over vein 1: short over vein 2.
lycortas Godman ee 3 Mexico: type B.M.: figured.
Fig Seitz.
B.M. Only the type.
293
L.16. CONGA
3a (1b). Upf with cell spot or spots.
3 (4). Upf 2 hyaline pale yellow spots over the spot in
space 2, also a spot in space 3, may be dot in space 6 and
an opaque spot in space 1b. g F 15 mm. Unf apex and
costa ochreous-brown: conspicuous white streak in space
tb. Unh ochreous-brown: faint, small pale spots at end
cell and on disc. ¢ upf an abbreviated grey stigma: wpper
part rounded over vein 2, short brands under vein 2 and
over vein I.
trinka nov: ¢ Br Guiana, Upper Courantyne River, King
Frederick William IV Falls: March 1936: G. A. Hudson:
type B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ type. 1 ¢ Amazons (Tonantins).
4 (3). Upf single white spot across cell, widely separated
from similar spot in space 2, dots in spaces 3, 6-8 and 1b
(opaque). ¢ F 17 mm. Unf apex and costa ochreous-
brown: spot in space 1b rather larger than on upf. Unh
ochreous-brown: tiny white dots end cell and on disc
present or absent. ¢$ upf short brands over and under
vein 2, over vein I. ;
gabina Godman 1goo: ¢ Mexico: type B.M.: figured. Fig
Seitz. ,
Synonym. lateranus Schaus 1913: 3 Costa Rica: figured.
B.M. 1 3 Mexico.
5 (1a). ¢ upf no secondary sexual characters: $ unmarked:
@ small white hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3, 6 and opaque
dot in space 1b. Below, brown: $ unf narrow white spot
of grey scales in space 1b: $ @ white streak in space rb.
Unh with more or less well-marked small spots of bluish-
white scales in spaces 1c—5 and end cell. ¢ F 16 mm.
potesta Bell 1941: $ Iquitos, Peru: genitalia figured. .
B.M. 3 ¢ 1 Q Para.
L.16. CONGA Evans (p. 266): type chydaea Butler: fixed
by author.
Antennae about } costa: shaft more or less chequered,
pale yellow below club and whitish at base club, above: club
short and stout: apiculus not longer than width of club:
nudum 8/7. Palpi flattened; third segment short. Mid
294
L.16. CONGA
tibiae spined. No secondary sexual characters. Genitalia of
all species very much alike, except for variations in aedoea-
gus: inner end of cuiller bifid and furnished with a dense tuft
of hairs recalling Polites.
la (6). Above, dark brown, no tawny areas.
tb (4a). Upf apical spots absent or faint.
1c (3). Unf sharply defined narrow white streak in
space Ib.
1 (2). Upf dark brown, generally sharply defined small
hyaline white spots in spaces 2 and 3: often a lower cell
spot: may be faint spots at apex and in space 1b: spots
more or less reduced in © and may be absent. Unh
ochreous-brown to brown with more or less dull grey
scaling: suffused pale spot end cell and on disc in spaces
Ic-6. Very variable. 9 F 15 mm.
chydaea Butler 1870: 2 Amazons: type B.M. Fig Seitz as
orope, which was wrongly identified by Plotz. Genitalia
fig by Hayward 1951.
Synonyms. valo Mabille 1891: 2 Bogota.
vala Mabille 1891: g Chiriqui. Fig Godman 1900, ¢ and
genitalia: Seitz.
actor Mabille 1891: ¢ Chiriqul.
Pie aS 4. 2 Mexico. 3.¢ 1 2 Guatemala. 1-4 1:9
Honduras. |.1 g Nicaragua 2 5 Costa Rica. 1.3 1.9
Panama. 8 g 6 9 Colombia. 3 35 2? Venezuela. 13 5 3 2
irmidads 2 6 1. 2.Br Guiana. 1 ¢ 2.2 Fr Guiana.
14g 21 2 Ecuador (Paramba. Loja. Zamora. Manabi).
3 6 4 2 Peru (Chanchamayo. Yahuas. Inambari). 3 3
6 9 Amazons. 1 ¢ 4 2 Ceara. 4 5 1 2 Matto Grosso.
13 ¢ 5 ¢ S. Brazil (Parana. Rio. Sao Paulo. Santa
Catharina. Petropolis. Novo Friborgo. Itaparica. Rio
Grande do Sul). 12 $2 9 Paraguay. 24 g 12 9 Argentine.
2 (1). Upf much paler brown, cilia grey: generally a white
spot in space 3, may be more or none. Below, rather pale
ochreous-grey to brown: faint pale discal spots unh. ¢ F
Hoey EMTS) 1147)
urqua Schaus 1902: Castro, Parana. Fig Hayward 1951.
B.M. 14329 Parana. 4 § Sao Paulo. 13 ¢ 1 2? Argentine.
a5
L.16. CONGA
3 (1c). Unf dorsally paler, but no conspicuous white streak
in space 1b. Above, dark brown, unmarked: very rarely
traces of spots. Below, ochreous-brown, often paler
beyond the suffused discal spots unh and at the apex unf,
where there may be traces of discal and apical spots,
particularly in 9. ¢ F 15 mm.
immaculata Bell 1930: ¢ Blumenau: genitalia figured.
B.M. 15 6 2 2 Parana. 2 $ Rio. 3 ¢ Santa Catharina.
1 ¢ Petropolis. 3 g Sao Paulo. 1 g Novo Friborgo.
4a (1b). Upf apical spots well marked.
4 (5). Unh variegated: basal third ferruginous, followed
by a broad (2 mm.) curved, central dark brown band,
beyond which to termen pale reddish-brown. Upf with
well-marked small hyaline pale yellow spots in spaces 2,
3, 6-7 or 8. Unf may be a small upper cell spot: costa and
apex more or less ferruginous, outwardly paler: conspi-
cuous white subtornal area in space 1b. ¢ F 13 mm.
iheringii Mabille 1891: ¢ Rio Grande do Sul: type B.M.
Synonym. brasina Schaus 1902: Castro, Parana.
B.M. 1 ¢ Minas Geraes. 19 g 5 9 Parana. 1 $ Sao Paulo.
I ¢ I 2 Santa Catharina. 5 ¢ 2 9 Rio Grande do Sul.
5 (4). Unh plain ferruginous red: pale discal band vestigial.
Upf continuous pale discal spots from spaces 2-8. Unf
costa and apex ferruginous red: dorsum slightly paler: no
white streak in space 1b. ¢ F 13 mm.
chingachchook Weeks 1909: Venezuela. Fig Weeks 1gtt.
B.M. None.
6 (1a). Upf dark brown with a conspicuous irregular tawny
discal band from space 1b to space 7 and tawny colouring
in the cell, as in Ochlodes species. Uph with a tawny discal
band and cell spot. Unf as upf. Unh clear yellow with a
large black central spot in space 1c, another at end cell
and may be a third similar spot mid space 6. 3 F 13 mm.
zela Plétz 1883: Montevideo: copy of MS fig in B.M. Fig
Seitz (badly).
Synonym. calthula Hayward 1934: 3 Argentine: figured.
Fig Hayward 1951, 3.
B.M. 1 3 Parana. 1 ¢ Montevideo.
296
L.17. HOLGUINIA
L.17, HOLGUINIA Evans (p. 266): type Aolguin Evans:
fixed by author.
Antennae = #4 costa: shaft plain: club conspicuously
silvery in 3, partially so in 9, ovate, = + shaft: apiculus
1+ x width and + length of club: nudum 7/g. Palpi flat-
tened: third segment stout, short. Mid tibiae spined. Wings
produced: abdomen > dorsum. F cell = dorsum in 3g. H
lower, outer end of cell upturned. No secondary sexual
characters. General shape of Panoquina sylvicola, but the
_absence of the median veinlet F, the nearness of vein 2 to
the base F and the spined mid tibiae separate the species
generically.
Single species. ¢ F 18 mm. Above, black with white
hyaline spots. Upf 2 spots in cell, discal in spaces 1b, 2,
3 and 4 in line directed to termen below apex, apical in
spaces 6-8: the spot in space 1b is against vein 1 and is
connected by a short dash to a continuation of the spot
in space 2 below vein 2: cilia brown. Uph small spot in
cell and a discal row in spaces 2, 3 and 4: cilia pure white
at apex, turning brown towards tornus. Below, dark
brown: unf apex, and unh above the abdominal fold from
base to the discal spots, the ground colour is dark ferru-
ginous spangled with brilliant emerald-green scales, quite
unlike any known Hespertid: the discal spots extend into
spaces ic and 5. Palpi and pectus white with a few dark
hairs. 2 as 3, wings broader.
holguin nov: ¢ Holguin, Cuba (Tollin): type B.M.
BP oEN2 ig 2 2 type: loc.
a7
M. HESPERIA GROUP
The Hesperia group contains the tawny species of the
second section of the Hesperiinae, where the antennal club
is bent to the apiculus, if present, well after the thickest part
of the club. ‘The group has been divided into 3 sub-groups.
The Thymelicus sub-group is well defined by the short
antennae without any apiculus at all and by the slender,
hairy palpi with a long thin third segment. Thymelicus itself,
the only Old World genus, is essentially Palaearctic, the only
American species having been imported to the U.S.A. -by
human agency. The other 4 genera are presumably Nearctic,
but some species have reached the Argentine.
The Hesperia sub-group displays a gradual increase in the
number of segments in the nudum from 7 to 13, accom-
panied by a gradual lengthening of the apiculus up to the
width of the club, and a gradual lengthening of the antennal
shaft up to half the length of the forewing costa: there is also
a gradual flattening of the palpi, where the third segment is
always short. ‘The typical genus Hesperia as well as the genus
Ochlodes are essentially Palaearctic and Nearctic with no
extension into the Tropical or Neotropical regions. Of the
remaining genera a few are confined to the U.S.A. and a few
to special areas such as Mexico, Costa Rica, Argentine or
W. Indies: but many of the genera range over all America
and the W. Indies, the migratory species without variation
and the more sessile displaying more or less well-marked
sub-species.
The Phemiades sub-group comprises species with a longer
antennal apiculus and at least 14 segments in the nudum.
The palpi are flattened. With one exception the group is
essentially Neotropical. It is represented in the Oriental
region by the prolific Taractrocera group and in Africa by
a single genus, Zenonia. ‘The one exception is the genus
Euphyes, which has a tawny Nearctic branch and a very
different-looking brown Neotropical branch, but the simi-
larity in the form of the genitalia combined with the smooth
298
GROUP M. HESPERIA
mid tibiae compel their consideration as a single generic
/aTnit:
KEY TO GENERA
la (6a). Antennal club flattened, no apiculus: antennae < #
costa. Palpi hairy: third segment long and thin. Generally
tawny: no hyaline spots.
Thymelicus Sub-group
tb (4a). F vein 2 nearer to lower end cell than to base.
I (2a). Mid tibiae smooth. H cell short. No brand.
Nudum 6. F g-11 mm.
Ancyloxypha. 7 species. Canada—Argentine.
2a (1). Mid tibiae spined. Nudum 7.
2 (3). H longest along costa. $ upf may have a stigma.
F 10-15 mm.
Oarisma. 6 species. U.S.A.—Peru. Cuba. Haiti.
3 (2). H longest along dorsum. ¢ upf with stigma. F
g-12 mm.
Copaeodes. 3 species. U.S.A—Panama. Br Guiana. Brazil.
4a (1b). F vein 2 not nearer to lower end cell than to base.
4 (5). Mid tibiae smooth. No stigma. Nudum g.
F 11-14 mm.
Adopaeoides. 2 species. Mexico.
5 (4). Mid tibiae spined. ¢ with stigma. Nudum g.
502, 10m.
Thymelicus. 1 species. U.S.A.: imported from Europe.
6a (1a). Antennal club not flattened.
6b (28a). Nudum < 14 segments.
Hesperia Sub-group
6c (17a). Nudum on club > nudum on apiculus.
6d (10a). Apiculus rudimentary, not more than 1 segment.
6e (8a). Antennae < } costa. Nudum g/1.
6 (7). Antennal club = ¢ shaft. Tawny. 3 upf usually
a stigma. F 11-15 mm.
Hylephila. 11 species. Canada—Argentine.
A.H,—=20 299
GROUP M. HESPERIA
7 (6). Antennal club = 4 shaft. Brown with sub-hyaline
spots. g upf stigma. F 12-13 mm.
Yvretta. 2 species. U.S.A—Mexico.
8a (6e). Antennae = 4 costa. 3 upf with stigma.
8 (9). H tibiae upper pair of spurs absent. Unmarked,
tawny. Nudum 10/1. F 14 mm.
Pseudocopaeodes. 1 species. California—Mexico.
9 (8). H tibiae normal, with upper pair of spurs. Nudum
10/1 in 3g, 2 8/4 as in Hesperia. F 15 mm.
Stinga nov: type Pamphila morrisoni Edwards. 1 species.
U.S.A;
10a (6d). Apiculus of more than one segment.
10b (14a). Apiculus of not more than 4 segments.
to (11a). Antennal club = + shaft. ¢ with stigma upf.
Nudum 8/4. F 14-17 mm. |
Hesperia. 16 species. Canada=U.S.A. 1 species flies
throughout the Palaearctic region.
Ila (10). Antennal club = 4 shaft.
II (12a). Cilia conspicuously chequered. Brown species.
3 with stigma upf. Nudum 8/4. F 12 mm.
Appia nov: type Appia appia Evans (p. 324). I species.
Uruguay—Argentine.
12a (11). Cilia not chequered.
12 (13). 3d upf no brand or stigma. Brown with semi-
hyaline spots: unh variegated. Nudum 9/3. F 12 mm.
Linka nov: type Hesperia lina Plétz. 1 species. Colombia.
Bolivia. }
13 (12). 3 upf with a stigma. Tawny species: unh usually
variegated. Nudum 8/4. F 12-15 mm.
Polites. 7 species. Canada—U.S.A. 1 species extends to the
Argentine and 2 to the W. Indies.
14a (10b). Apiculus of 6 segments.
14b (16). Antennal nudum pink to brown.
14 (15). 3d upf with large grey scales between black velvet
patches in an area of modified scales. ‘Tawny to brown:
unh plain. Nudum 7/6. F 13-15 mm.
Wallengrenia. 2 species. Canada—Argentine. W. Indies.
300
GROUP M. HESPERIA
15 (14). 3 upf with a simple tripartite stigma. Brown or
tawny: unh more or less variegated. Nudum 7/6. F
13-16 mm.
Pompeius nov: type Hesperia pompeius Latreille. 7 species.
U.S.A.—Argentine.
16 (14b). Antennal nudum black. ¢ upf stigma flanked by
black patches and set in an area of modified scales. "Tawny;
unh variegated. Nudum 7/7. F 14-20 mm.
Atalopedes. 3 species. U.S.A—Brazil. W. Indies. .
_ 17a (6c). Nudum on club not > nudum on apiculus.
17b (19a). Maid tibiae smooth. Tawny. Unh plain. ¢ no
stigma.
17 (18). Fnot > 15 mm. Clasp undivided. Nudum 4/5.
Atrytone. 2 species. U.S.A.
18 (17). F not < 17mm. Clasp divided. Nudum 7/6.
Problema. 2 species. U.S.A.
19a (17b). Mid tibiae spined.
1gb (23a). Antennal club = 4 shaft.
19 (20a). H origin vein 7 mid base and end cell. ‘Tawny
species. ¢ with stigma upf. Nudum 7/7. F 12-17 mm.
Ochlodes. 4 species. Canada—Mexico. 12 Palaearctic
species.
20a (19). H origin vein 7 nearer to end cell than to base.
20 (21a). Antennal club entirely yellow, above. Brown
species with large tawny areas F and H. No stigma.
Nudum 4/8. F 15 mm. Abnormal: position uncertain.
Buzyges. 1 species. Costa Rica.
2la (20). Antennal club black above, as usual.
21 (22). Unh plain, with or without small white spots.
Above, brown with more or less developed white spots.
¢ upf stigma. Nudum 5/7. F 13-15 mm.
Poanopsis. 2 species. Mexico.
22 (21). Unh more or less variegated, no white spots. Above,
mostly tawny, but some species are brown above: some 2?
have yellow or whitish spots upf. 2 species have a stigma
upf. Nudum 5/7. F 13-18 mm.
Poanes. 11 species. U.S.A—Argentine.
301
GROUP M. HESPERIA
23a (19b). Antennal club = shaft.
23b (27). Cilia plain.
23 (24a). Brown with hyaline white or tawny spots: unh
more or less variegated. 3g upf stigma in some species.
Genitalia like Poanes. Nudum 5/7. F 15-17 mm.
Paratrytone. 9g species. California-—Mexico. Ecuador.
Bolivia.
24a (23). ‘Tawny species. ‘-
24 (25a). Palpi, third segment slender, protruding. Unh
plain, with pale veins. ¢ usually with a stigma upf.
Nudum 5/8. F 10-18 mm.
Choranthus. 7 species. W. Indies.
25a (24). Palpi, third segment short, conical, not protruding
beyond the clothing of the second segment.
25 (26). 3 upf no stigma. Unh plain. Nudum 5/8.
F 13-16 mm.
Mellana. 17 species. Mexico—Argentine.
26 (25). 3¢ upf broad stigma. Unh usually with conspicuous
pale spots. Nudum 6/7. F 15-18 mm.
Librita nov: type Hesperia librita Plotz. 3 species. Mexico—
Ecuador.
27 (23b). Cilia chequered. ¢ upf stigma. Brown species
with white or tawny spots upf and unh variegated. Nudum
4/9. F 16-18 mm.
Halotus. 2 species. Guatemala—Ecuador.
28a (6b). Nudum of 14 or more segments. ¢ upf stigma.
Phemiades Sub-group
28 (29a). Mid tibiae smooth. Gnathos broad, undivided.
‘Tawny and brown species. Nudum 6/8—7/9. F 13-20 mm.
Euphyes. 21 species. U.S.A.—Paraguay. W. Indies.
29a (28). Mid tibiae spined.
29b (33a). H broad, costa at end vein 6 = dorsum F.
29c (32). F upper end cell not produced.
29d (31). Above, with broad bright tawny bands.
302
GROUP M. HESPERIA
29 (30). Antennae conspicuously chequered. Nudum 7/8.
F 16-18 mm.
Libra nov: type Augiades ? aligula Schaus. 2 species. S.
Brazil.
30 (29). Antennae not chequered. Nudum 7/8. F 12-15
mm.
Hansa nov: type Hesperia hyboma Plétz: 2 species.
Colombia—Brazil.
31 (29d). Above, brown with narrow dull tawny markings.
Unh ochreous-brown with narrow, macular discal band.
Nudum 6/9. F 16 mm.
Chalcone nov: type Augiades chalcone Schaus. 4 species.
Bolivia. 5S. Brazil.
32 (29c). F upper end of cell produced. Tawny. Nudum
“io. 2y mm.
Serdis. 3 species. Colombia—Peru and Amazons.
33a (29b). H narrow, costa at end vein 1 b < dorsum F.
33 (34a). F upper end of cell not produced. Brown or
tawny: unh usually green with a white band. 2 ovipositor
very long. Nudum 7/8. F 14 mm.
Metron. 6 species. Mexico—Paraguay.
34a (33). F upper end cell produced.
34b (36). Palpi, third segment protrudes.
34 (35). Antennal club long, slender = 4 shaft. Unh with
alternating dark red and pale yellow or white bands.
Nudum 7/8. F 17 mm.
Propertius nov: type Hesperia propertius Fabricius. 2
species. Venezuela and Peru—Argentine.
35 (34). Antennal club short, stout = 4 shaft. Unh ochreous
with faint yellow spots. Nudum 8/9. F 17 mm.
Phemiades. 4 species. Ecuador and Guiana-S. Brazil.
36 (34b). Palpi, third segment not protruding. Unh un-
marked, with Agee MGue brown scaling. Nudum 7/7.
F 21 mm.
Asbolis. 1 species. Gaba,
305
M.1. ANCYLOXYPHA
Keys to Species
M.1. ANCYLOXYPHA Felder 1862: type numitor Fabri-
cius: fixed by author.
Wings rounded. Antennae < 4 costa, shaft chequered:
nudum 6, flattened, ending in a short pointed tip, not
reflexed. Fore tibiae with ill-developed flap: mid tibiae not
spined. No brand. Palpi second segment long, third very
long, acicular, bent back. Genitalia with the gnathos absent ar
rudimentary: uncus broad. F vein2 rises after origin of vein II.
la (5a). Upf veins on disc not darkened before the dark
border.
1 (2a). Unf mostly black, costa and apex only tawny.
Above, variable in respect of the tawny colouring, may be
entirely black. $ F 11 mm.
numitor Fabricius 1793: Indiis. Fig Holland: Seitz: geni-
talia by Lindsey, Bell and Williams. .
Synonyms. dion Fabricius 1798: S. America.
puer Hiibner 1823: Florida: figured.
marginatus Harris 1862: Massachusetts: figured.
longleyi French 1897: 2 Chicago.
B.M. 10 g Canada. 84 ¢ 20 2 U.S.A. (E. States. Idaho.
Ohio. Montana. Alabama. California. Texas. Florida.
Wisconsin).
2a (1). Unf mostly ochreous.
2 (3a). Unf black dorsal area extending across cell. Upf
a conspicuous dark spot at end of cell. Unh a white stripe
from base cell to mid termen. ¢ F 11 mm.
dryas Hayward 1942: $ Argentine: genitalia figured. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 2 3 Argentine (Tucuman).
3a (2). Unf black dorsal area not extending into cell.
3 (4). Unf and unh no black line along termen. Unh may _
have a white streak base to mid termen. ¢ F 10 mm.
arene Edwards 1871: 3 Arizona. Fig Seitz: Godman &
Salvin $ and genitalia: Lindsey etc., $ genitalia: Hayward
1951, ¢ and genitalia.
Synonyms. myrtis Edwards 1882: $ Arizona. Fig Seitz:
Godman & Salvin: Holland.
euphrasia Plotz 1884: Mexico. Fig Seitz.
304
M.2. OARISMA
leporina Plotz 1884: Mexico. MS fig in B.M.
isidorus Plotz 1884: Mexico. Fig Seitz.
Bowie 76 Ws Aw (Arizona: | Mexas)4 96) 3 20 2 Mexico:
ipwouye 2 Guatemala, 20%g°1 2 ‘Costa Ricay 2) 9 279
/ Nenezuela’’);
4 (3). Unf and unh narrow, sharply defined black line along
/)terment *omall)4 F's mm.
ramba nov: ¢ Paramba, Ecuador, 3000 feet, dry season,
Feb 1897: W. F. Rosenberg: type B.M.
B.M. 26 3 17 2 Ecuador (Paramba. Guayaquil).
5a (1a). Upf veins on disc darkened before the dark border.
5b (7). Unh veins not darkened.
5 (6). Below, palpi and pectus dusky ochreous Unh often
with a white streak base to mid termen. 3 F 9 mm.
aurea Hayward 1940: $ Ecuador, Runtun: genitalia figured.
B.M. 43 36 5 @ Ecuador (Loja. Quito. Zamora. R.
Pastaza. Santa Barbara). 5 3 N. Peru (Angasmarca.
Yungay).
6 (5). Below, pectus and most of palpi white. Unh the
pale stripe, base to mid termen, may be faint. ¢ F 9 mm.
nitidula Burmeister 1878: 3 Argentine. Fig Hayward
1951, ¢ and genitalia.
Synonym. tucumanus Plotz 1884: Cordova. MS fig in
M
B.M. 2 3 Sado Paulo. 2 gd 1 2 Paraguay. 25 3 5 2 Argen-
tine (Buenos Ayres. Tucuman. Salta. Cordoba). 1 9
Patagonia.
7 (5b). Unh veins darkened and with a conspicuous silver
streak base to mid termen as well as another along vein rb.
é Fg mm.
melanoneura Felder 1867: 3 Colombia: type B.M.:
figured. Fig Seitz. Fig by Hayward 1951 probably =
dark specimen of mitzdula.
B.M. 9 3 2:2 Bogota, Colombia.
M.2. OARISMA Scudder 1872: type powesheik Parker,
fixed by author.
Synonym. Paradopaea Godman 1goo: type garita Reakirt,
fixed by Lindsey 1925.
85
M.z. OARISMA
Differs from Copaeodes in having broader wings: costa H
= dorsum F and from Ancyloxypha in having a straight
termen H. F origins of veins 2 and 11 are opposite: H vein 7
arises before vein 2. ‘Iwo species have a stigma upf.
la (5a). Unh veins not darkened.
tb (4). Unh without white stripes. ¢ no stigma upf.
1 (2a). Unh no tawny colouring: dorsum to vein 1b
brown, veins conspicuously whitened on rest of wing.
§ i 15 mm.
powesheik Parker 1870: 3 Iowa. Fig Holland: Seitz:
genitalia by Lindsey, etc., 1931:
B.M. 14 3 3 2 U.S.A. (Iowa. Dakota. Wisconsin.
Illinois).
2a (1). Unh dorsum to vein 1b more or less tawny, rest of
wing greenish, veins not conspicuously white.
2. (3). Above, dark brown with a tawny sheen, partiealaely
at costa F. Antennal shaft white below, not chequered.
garita. 2 sub-species.
(a).a 6 F 125mm.
Sub-sp. garita Reakirt 1866: Rocky Mts. Fig Seitz: Godman
& Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
Synonym. hylax Edwards 1871: 3 Colorado.
B.M. 1 g Arctic America. 5 ¢ 2 2 Manitoba. 53 ¢
47 9 U.S.A. (Idaho. Wyoming. Montana. Nebraska.
Colorado. Utah. New Mexico).
(b). g F 10 mm. Darker.
Sub-sp. calega Godman 1900: 3 Mexico: type B.M.:
figured, $ and genitalia.
B.M. 4 3 1 9 Mexico (Ciudad, 8100 feet. Milpas).
3 (2). 3 above, uniform tawny. Antennal shaft chequered.
$ F 124 mm. 3
edwardsii Barnes 1897: 3 Colorado. Fig Holland: genitalia
by Lindsey, etc.: Godman & Salvin figs of garita genitalia
are of edwardsit.
B.M. 16 3 U.S.A. (Arizona. New Mexico). 5 ¢ Mexico
(Jalapa. N. Sonora. Puebla. Orizaba).
4 (1b). Unh with 2 conspicuous white stripes from base to
306
M.3. COPAEODES
termen below cell and vein 2, and from mid cell to termen
along vein 5. 3 upf with a black stigma from under origin
of vein 3 to mid space 1b. 3 F 13 mm.
boeta Hewitson 1870: g Ecuador: type B.M.
Synonyms. Jbilineata Dognin 1888: 3g Ecuador. Fig
Dognin 1891.
duolineata Dognin 1891: error for bilineata in index. —
B.M. 25 3 1 2 Ecuador (Zamora. Sarayacu. El Monje.
Zumba. San Francisco). 7 ¢ 1 2 N. Peru (R. Tabaconas.
Manchara. Amazonas, Chachapoyas). 1 3 “‘Bolivia’’.
5a (1a). Unh veins conspicuously black. Above, tawny.
5 (6). ¢ F 8 mm: no stigma, but vein 3 is decurved so
that its origin is approximate to the origin of vein 2, while
in 2 vein 3 is mid veins 2 and 4 Upf dark border = 4
wing.
nanus Herrich-Schaffer 1865: Cuba. Fig Seitz: Williams
1Q3I.
Deviw32 615-9) Cuba,
6 (5). ¢ F 10 mm.: upf with a linear stigma as in Copaeodes
and vein 3 is decurved to origin of vein 2. Termen upf
and costa uph shaded brown.
stillmani Bell and Comstock 1948: 3g Haiti: genitalia
figured.
B.M. 1 3 Haiti.
M.3. COPAEODES Speyer 1877: type aurantiaca Hewit-
son: fixed by Kirby 1879 as procris Edwards, which is a
synonym of aurantiaca.
Differs from Ancyloxypha and Oarisma in wing shape:
apex F and tornus H produced: dorsum F > apex H. F
vein 11 rises before vein 2: H vein 7 rises from before vein 2
and vein 1A = vein 8. ¢ upf with a peculiar stigma, consist-
ing of a long very narrow slit, surrounded by modified scales,
running nearly parallel to the dorsum under the cubitus
between the origins of veins 2 and 3.
la (3). Above and below, veins not darkened. Hind tibiae
with 2 pairs of spurs.
1 (2). Unh plain yellow: vein 5 well marked. ¢ F 12 mm.
aurantiaca Hewitson 1868: ¢ ? loc: type B.M. Fig
B07
M.3. COPAEODES
Godman & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Holland: genitalia
by Lindsey, etc., 1931.
Synonyms. waco Edwards 1868: 3 Texas: fig Holland.
simplex Felder 1869: 3 Mexico. Fig Seitz pl 183d
correctly, but the fig on pl 180c = Ancyloxypha dryas:
the fig by Godman & Salvin = Adopaeoides pritiwitzt.
procris Edwards 1870: 3 Texas. Fig Wright.
macra Pl6étz 1884: 5S. America.
candida Wright 1890: 3 California. Fig Holland.
B.M. 57 3 21 2 U.S.A. (Arizona. Texas. Colorado.
New Mexico). 5 ¢ 1 2 Mexico. 2 g§ Guatemala. 1 ¢g
Panama.
2 (1). Unh more or less white-scaled and often with a white
stripe from base to mid termen: vein 5 not traceable.
é Fg mm.
minima Edwards 1870: 3 Texas. Fig Holland: genitalia by
Lindsey, etc., 1931.
Synonyms. singularis (Herrich- Schiiffer MS) Plotz 1884:
as = aurantiaca, minima and procris: described as having
a white streak unh and so = minima. Fig Seitz pl 180d
as singularis Herrich-Schaffer, but that species appertains
to the genus AZrytone.
rayata Barnes & Macdonough 1913: $ Texas: figured.
B.M. 32 5 14 2 U.S.A. (Texas. Louisiana. Alabama.
Arizona). 13 ¢ 9 2 Mexico. 2 6 1 9 Guatemala. 3 g 1 9
Honduras. 2 3 1 2 Costa Rica.
3 (1a). Above and below, veins darkened. Hind tibiae,
upper pair of spurs absent.
jean. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ Fg mm. ¢ above, tawny: upf with a broad dark
border 1 mm. wide: uph darkened along costa and dorsum,
leaving a narrow tawny central area. 2 much darkened:
upf dark brown with only a trace of tawny scales in middle:
uph with only a tawny streak along spaces 4 and 5 from
cell to termen and some faint tawny scaling in spaces 1b
and ic. Below, veins broadly dark: unh a white streak
(absent in 1 $) from base to mid termen.
Sub-sp. jean nov: 3 Kaiteur, Br Guiana, Sept 1939: Miss
Jean Smart: type B.M.
308
M.4. ADOPAEOIDES
BM> 2g 1 2itype loc.
(b). ¢ F 10mm. ¢ above, tawny; upf no dark border:
uph dorsum darkened. 9 broadly shaded, clear tawny
about apex F and H. Unh more or less whitened between
the dark veins, the central white stripe, base to mid termen,
and another along space 1c more or less conspicuous.
Sub-sp. favor nov: $ Castro. Parana: E. D. Jones: type
B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Matto Grosso. 1 $ Sao Paulo. 14 3 12 9
Parana.
M.4. ADOPAEOIDES Godman igoo0: type prittwitzi
Plétz: stmplex Felder was specified as the type, but was mis-
identified and the description applies to prittwitzt.
Synonym. Neadopaea Hayward 1941: type prittwitz: Plotz:
specified by author, who considered Adopaeoides must be
used for sumplex Felder, which Godman 1907 referred to
Zariaspes, a generic name of later creation: the real semplex
appertains to Copaeodes.
Resembles Copaeodes but the nudum of the antennae is
longer, 8-10 segments. Mid tibiae smooth. ¢ without a
stigma. Aedoeagus broad. ‘Tawny species.
| (2). 3 9 upf dark border sharply defined and preceded by
dark veins. Unh ochreous with a more or less well-
defined central white stripe from base to mid termen.
¢ F 13-14 mm.
prittwitzi Plotz 1884: Mexico: copy of MS fig in B.M.
Fig Godman & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia as semplex.
Pele onn o> Mexico (Orizaba. “Puebla, Guerrero:
Mexico City).
2 (1). 3 upf border broadly shaded brown. Unh more or
less shaded, central white stripe present, as well as a more
or less well-marked stripe in space 1c. 9 above, brown:
uph spaces 4—5 dull orange: unh ochreous-brown with the
two white stripes conspicuous. ¢ F 11 mm.
bistriata Godman 1900: 2 Mexico: type B.M.: figured.
Fig Seitz.
BUyiG g1s2 Mexico (Milpas. Ciudad).
Jy)
M.5. THYMELICUS
M.5. THYMELICUS Hiibner 1819: type acteon Rottem-
burg: fixed by Butler 1870.
Synonyms. Adopoea Billberg 1820: type sylvestris Poda:
sole species included was linea Schiffermuller, which is a
synonym of sylvestris.
Pelion Kirby 1858: type action as for Adopoea.
Includes a single species introduced from Europe. Like
Adopaeordes the palpi have a long acicular third segment and
with short antennae without an apiculus: nudum 8-10 seg-
ments. ‘The mid tibiae are spined: gnathos present and the
aedoeagus is slender.
Single tawny species. ¢ F 12 mm.: broken, narrow
stigma upf.
lineola Ochsenheimer 1808: g¢ Germany. Fig Holland:
genitalia by Lindsey, etc., 1931.
BML... 7.3: 3..2Michigany L.A.
M.6. HYLEPHILA Billberg 1820: type phylaeus Drury:
fixed by Scudder 1875.
Synonyms. Euthymus Scudder 1872: type phylaeus Drury:
fixed by author: homonym of Euthymus Gray 1867.
Andinus Hayward 1940: type venustus Hayward: fixed by
author.
Cordillana Hayward 1941: to replace Andinus, believed, in-
correctly, to be preoccupied.
Antennae very short, 8; costa: club ovate: apiculus very
short, 4 width of club: nudum g/1. Palpi typically smooth
and flattened, third segment short, but conspicuous: at high
elevations palpi are quadrantic and hairy. Legs, all tibiae
heavily spined. Wing shape and venation as for Hesperia.
¢ upf generally with a black or grey stigma. The genitalia
very alike, indicating a compact genus: they are unknown
in fassh.
la (5a). Unh without conspicuous black markings. ¢ upf
with a stigma. |
tb (3a). 3d upf with the apical tawny spots in spaces 6-8
completely conjoined to the tawny costal area. Sides of
uncus, seen ventrally, serrate.
1 (2). Upf without an isolated black bar at end of cell.
Aedoeagus sheath with a conspicuous inward projection.
310
M.6. HYLEPHILA
phylaeus. 6 sub-species.
(a). $ F15 mm. Light tawny. ‘s stigma broad and black.
Both sexes very variable.
Sub-sp. phylaeus Drury: 3 Antigua: figured. Fig Seitz:
Holland: Comstock: genitalia by Lindsey, Bell and
Williams: Hayward 1951, 3, 2 and genitalia.
Synonyms. phareus Panzer 1785: ? loc.
carin Hubner 1823: ? loc.
bucephalus Stephens 1828: 2 Devon: figured.
hala Butler 1870: 2 Venezuela: type B.M.
pallida Hayward 1944: $ Argentine. Fig Hayward 1951.
A nearly white aberration.
B.M. 82 3 67 9 U.S.A. and Canada. 31 3 18 2 Mexico.
Ir ¢ 8 2 Guatemala. 3 ¢ 1 @ Honduras. 1 $ Salvador.
12 ¢ 2 9 Nicaragua. 6 3 4 ¢ Costa Rica. 5 3 3 2 Panama.
201g «37> Colombia, 9 65 2 Venezuela. 3 a) Vrinidad.
I 612 Tobago. 16 3 8 2? Bahamas. 11 ¢ 10 2 Jamaica.
32 6 13 2 Cuba. 8 g 22 Haiti. 4 9 4 9 Caymans. 6 362
Paminica 2°41 2 Antigua, 1 ¢ 1 2 St Kitts. 2g St
Thomas. 4 3 2 ¢ Martinique. 2 ¢ Guadaloupe. I 3
eviews Anoutllay 15 f 11 2 st Vincent. 2 5 2 2
Montserrat. 1 ¢ 3 2 Grenada. 7 3 9 2 Barbados. 9 3 5 9
Br Guiana. 7 ¢ Fr Guiana. 22 3g g ¢ Ecuador (Paramba.
Bella Vista. Loja. Menado. Guayaquil. Machache). 15 3
3 9 Peru (Huanco. Pozuzo. Huancabamba. R. ‘Taba-
conas. Agualani. Cuzco. Amazonas. Chanchamayo).
9 3 4 & Bolivia (Santa Cruz. Manchay. T'apacasi). 22 3
8 2 Amazons. 16 69 2 N.E. Brazil. 3 g 1 2 Goyaz. 2 3
Zoomviatto. Grosso. 20 ¢ 18 2 5. Brazil, 12°S 10 2
Paraguay. 2 6 1 2 Uruguay. 36 3 36 2 Argentine.
(b). Mountain forms. ¢ F 14 mm. Dark tawny. Above,
borders more solid and broader. Below, markings insigni-
ficant. ¢ stigma narrow, black.
Sub-sp. taxus nov: g Bafios, Rio Pastaza, Ecuador: 5—7000
feet: M. G. Palmer: type B.M.
B.M. 37 6 17 2 Ecuador (Bafios. Ambato. E. Foothills).
(c). ¢ F 13 mm. Much darkened above: tawny markings
very narrow, cilia. grey. Below, markings obsolete.
$ stigma narrow, grey.
311
M.6. HYLEPHILA
Sub-sp. monticola Hayward 1939: 3 Bolivar gooo feet.
B.M. 1 3 1 2 Ecuador (paratypes).
(d). ¢ F17 mm. Like taxus. Unh markings faint.
Sub-sp. anca nov: ¢ Limbani, Carabaya, S. Peru: gooo feet:
March 1904: G. Ockenden: type B.M.
B.M. 15 ¢ Peru (Carabaya. Marcapata).
(ce). ¢ F15 mm. Like anca, but dark areas above, broader.
Unh markings conspicuous. ¢ stigma dark grey.
Sub-sp. andina Staudinger 1894: 3 Cocopata, Bolivia. Fig
Hayward 1951: 3 ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 12 3 1 2 Bolivia (Cocopata. Cochabamba).
(f). Dry areaform. g¢ F 13 mm. Above, like a small, pale
phylaeus with narrow dark markings. Unh typically with
a narrow dark streak along mid cell and a broader streak
along space 1b. ¢ stigma black.
Sub-sp. basistrigata Eaton 1932: ¢ Lima, Peru: figured.
B.M. 1 ¢ Ecuador (R. Napo). 19 3 12 2 Peru (Lima.
Trujillo. ‘Tarapaca. Callao. hoses 5 662 Chili (Arica.
Ancan. Culenia. Iquique. Santiago del Estero).
2 (1). Upf with an isolated dark bar at end of cell. Aedoea-
gus sheath without an inward projection. Very variable in
both sexes. ¢ F 16 mm. |
signata Blanchard 1852: 9 Chili. Fig Hayward 1951, 3, 2
and genitalia.
Synonyms. fulva Blanchard 1852: ¢ Chili: figured. Fig
Seitz.
kirbyi Read 1877: g Chili. Pale aberration.
lujana Plétz 1883: 3 Chill.
grynea Plétz 1883: Chili: copy of MS fig in B.M.
antarctica Mabille 1883: 2 “Brazil”: type B.M.
uretai Hayward 1940: ¢ Chili: type examined.
hayward: Bryk 1944: 3 Patagonia.
B.M. 573 42 9 Chili. 1 2 Patagonia. 1 3 ee i oe
‘*Solomon Is”’
3a (1b) upt ie tawny spots more or less separated
from the tawny costal area. Sides of uncus, seen ventrally,
not serrate, or only faintly so.
alan upf stigma narrow, black. ¢ F 14mm. Very like
phylaeus. Above, dark markings broader and borders
312
M.6. HYLEPHILA
more solid. Cilia grey. Aedoeagus without the inward
projection that is characteristic of phylaeus.
ancora Plétz 1883: ? loc. Identification based on a g from
Uruguay in B.M. compared with Pl6tz’s original figure.
B.M. 4 3 Bolivia (La Paz). 1 g¢ 1 9 Uruguay. 17 g 19 9
Argentine (Entre Rios. ‘Tucuman).
~4 (3). ¢ stigma grey. Very similar to the mountain forms
of phylaeus.
isonira. 2 sub-species.
(a). Dark tawny above: width of the dark markings very
variable. Unh varying from brownish-yellow to ferru-
ginous with a more or less well-developed paler discal
band. 3 F 15 mm.
Sub-sp. isonira Dyar 1913: $ Peru, Cuzco. Fig in Seitz is
of mima.
B.M. 1 g Ecuador. 64 3 7 2 Peru (Amazonas. Cuzco.
Huancabamba. Limbani. Agualani. Marcapata. 5.
Domingo. Acopampa). 3 ¢ Bolivia (Illimani).
(b). Pale yellow: cilia white. Uph pale area much more
extensive. Unh pale yellowish-grey, barely marked, but
variable. § F 14 mm.
Sub-sp. mima nov: ¢ Lake Titicaca, Capachica; 12,500 feet:
Sept 1937: G. L. Crawford.
Bevise 1g) IN. Peru (W. Andes): 10 ¢ 5-2 L: Titicaca.
10 § 1 9 Peru (Arequipa. Arica. Tirapata). 2 2 Bolivia
(La Paz). 2 $ Chili.
5a (1a). Unh with conspicuous black markings.
5b (10a). Unf mostly tawny to whitish.
5 (6a). Unh dark spots at base of spaces 3 and 4 conjoined
to a large spot at end of cell: no dark spot mid space 6.
Above, dark tawny. ¢ stigma grey. ¢ F 13 mm.
fasciolata Blanchard 1852: Chili: figured. Fig Seitz:
Hayward 1951, 3, 9 and genitalia.
Synonym. emma Plotz 1883: = fasciolata.
B.M. 63 ¢ 52 2 Chili. 1 6 1 2 Argentine (Neuquen).
6a (5). Unh spots at base of spaces 3 and 4 separate and not
conjoined to the spot end cell, which is small or absent:
with a black spot mid space 6. Above, pale tawny.
a2
M.6. HYLEPHILA
6b (9). ¢ upf with a stigma.
6 (7a). 3g upf the stigma black. ¢ F 14 mm. Above, like
isonira mima: uph like galera but the dark border more
solid. Unh like boulleti, but with additional small black
markings above the cell.
zapala nov: ¢ Zapala, Neuquen, Argentine: type B.M. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3, 2 and genitalia as boulleti.
Dyas type.2
7a (6). g upf with a narrow grey stigma.
7 (8). 3 upf pale apical spots in spaces 6-8 not separated
from the yellow costa. g¢ F 13 mm.: wings more rounded.
Upf discal yellow colouring reaches termen arrow-wise
through the dark border. Uph margin as on upf: tornus
broadly darkened up to the cell. Below, uniform pale
yellow, markings small: cilia concolorous with ground
colour: veins not conspicuously whitened.
galera nov: $ Galera Pass, Junin, Peru: 13,000 feet: Feb
Ig00: Simmons: type B.M.
B.M. 1 g Cuzco, Peru. 4 3 type loc. 1 ¢ Bolivia.
8 (7). Upf apical spots in spaces 6-8 separated by a dark
bar from the yellow costa. ¢ F 11 mm.
boulleti. 2 sub-species.
(a). Below, cilia leaden grey. Unf yellow: unh nearly
white and veins whitened. Markings more conspicuous.
Sub-sp. peruana Draudt 1924: $ Cuzco: figured.
B.M. 1 3d Cuzco.’ 2 3 Orozo. ‘4 6 1 9 Galera Bases
Peru.
(b). Below, cilia white: both wings very pale yellow:
markings smaller.
Sub-sp. boulleti Mabille 1906: 2 Peru. Type examined and
agrees with 99 from Lake Titicaca. Figures by Hayward
1940 and 1951 are of zapala.
B.M. 22 3 19 2 Peru (Lake Titicaca. Puno. Pucara.
Tirapata). 1 ¢ 5 ¢ Bolivia (La Paz). 1 3 Argentine
(Catamarca).
9 (6b). 3S upf no stigma and space 2 tawny on disc. ¢ F
13 mm. Above, like fasciolata but rather paler. Uph un-
marked except for dark border along costa and termen.
Unh markings as in boulleti.
314
NEF YVR rA
venustus Hayward 1940: g Chili, Chillan: genitalia figured.
Fig Hayward 1951, 3, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 3 Chili (paratype).
10a (5b). Unf mostly brown.
10 (11). Unf discal spots in spaces 4 and 5 not linked to
apex by a white bar. ¢ no stigma. Unh brown, overlaid
with dark ochreous scales and a discal row of small yellow
spots: ¢ F 12 mm.
ignorans Plotz 1883: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 14 5 3 2 Venezuela (Merida. Campo Ella district.
Paramos de Conejos).
Il (x0). @ unf, discal pale spots in spaces 4 and 5 connected
to the apex by a white bar. Unh with a central triangular
white area. F cilia chequered. 9 F 13 mm. Marked like
Thespteus.
fassli Draudt 1924: 9 Cuzco, Peru: figured.
Ravi 2 Peru, Puno, 13,000 feet.
M.7. YVRETTA Hemming 1935: type carus Edwards:
fixed by author as citrus Mabille, which is a synonym of
subreticulata Pl6tz, a sub-species of carus.
Synonym. Chaerephon Godman 1900: homonym of
Chaerephon Dobson 1872: replaced by Yvretta.
Antennae short 33 costa: shaft chequered, white under
club: club ovate, tip blunt, no apiculus: nudum 1o. Palpi
somewhat flattened, smooth, third segment slender, con-
spicuous. Wings, legs and venation as Hesperia. 3 upf witha
broken stigma. Genitalia very like those of Polites. 3 F
12-13 mm.
| (2). Unh variegated with conspicuous dark patches. ¢ upf
stigma narrow, obscure. Hind legs with a single pair of
spurs.
predis Biwands 1878: 3g Colorado. Fig Skinner 1900:
Godman & Salvin, ¢ and ¢ genitalia: Holland, $ and 9:
Lindsey, etc., 3 genitalia: Seitz. pl 180e, underside correct,
upperside = subreticulata.
Synonym. axis Plétz: Colorado.
A.H.—21 315
M.8. PSEUDOCOPAEODES
B.M. 17 3 13 2 Colorado. 2 ¢ 1 9 New Mexico. 7 312
Mexico (Milpas. Salegar). 1 3 “Br Guiana”’.
2 (1). Unh uniform. ¢ upf stigma conspicuous. Hind legs
with 2 pairs of spurs, as usual.
carus. 2 sub-species.
(a). Paler, markings nearly white, above. Unh brown
with greenish scaling, markings nearly white and veins
white: a dark dot on termen at end of each vein.
Sub-sp. carus Edwards 1883 (Feb): ¢ W. Texas. Fig
Holland: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 11 ¢ 8 2 Arizona. 2 2 Mexico (N. Sonora).
(b). Darker, markings yellow, above. Unh with dense
ochreous scaling, markings yellow and veins usually not
paler than the ground: dark dot present at end of each
vein.
Sub-sp. subreticulata Plotz 1883 (June): ? loc.
Synonyms. citrus Mabille 1889: Honduras: figured. Fig
Godman & Salvin, 3, venation and genitalia: Seitz.
reticulata Godman 1900: = citrus.
B.M. 2 ¢ 3 2 Mexico (Guerrero). 1 ¢ 2 9 Guatemala.
M.8. PSEUDOCOPAEODES Skinner & Williams 1923:
type eunus Edwards: fixed by authors.
The genitalia indicate a close affinity with Hesperia and it
only differs from that genus in having no apiculus to the
antenna and there are no upper spurs on the hind tibiae.
¢ upf with a stigma.
A single tawny species. ¢ F 14 mm.
eunus. 2 sub-species.
(a). Above, dark border narrow, linear.
Sub-sp. eunus Edwards 1881: g¢ Mt Hood. Fig Seitz:
Wright: Comstock: Holland.
Synonym. wrighti Edwards 1882: $ S. California. Fig
Holland: Wright: Seitz.
B.M. 12 3 14 2 California (Jucumia. S. be 19
Mexico (Guadalajara).
(b). Above, dark border broad, 2 mm.
Sub-sp. chromis Skinner 1919: ¢ Mexico, Colima.
B.M. None.
316
M.9. STINGA
M.9. STINGA Evans (p. 300): type morrisoni Edwards:
fixed by author.
morrisont was placed by Edwards in Pamphila: Godman
& Salvin and Seitz, followed by Holland 1931, in Erynnis
(recte Hesperia): Skinner & Williams 1924, followed by
Lindsey, Bell & Williams 1931, in Augzades (recte Ochlodes).
In both places it is a misfit and had better have a genus to
itself. he antennal club has a nudum of only 11 segments
(10 on club, 1 on apiculus) in $: in Hesperia and Ochlodes
there are 12 segments. ‘The unh is unlike that of any other
species.
Single species. § F 15 mm. Generally resembling species
of the genera Hesperia and Ochlodes. Unh greenish-
brown, abdominal fold yellow to orange: conspicuous
white markings consisting of a broad white streak along
upper part of cell and an irregular continuous discal band
from space Ic to space 6.
morrisoni Edwards 1878: g Colorado. Fig Seitz: Holland:
genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 1 3 Arizona. 7 3 1 2 Colorado.
M.10. HESPERIA Fabricius 1793: type comma Linnaeus:
fixed by Dalman 1816.
Synonyms. Pamphila Fabricius 1807: type comma Linnaeus:
fixed by Westwood 1940.
Symmachia Sedovsku 1837: to replace Hesperia: in error.
Ocytes Scudder 1872: type metea Scudder: fixed by author.
Anthomaster Scudder 1872: type leonardus Harris: fixed by
author.
Urbicola ‘Tutt 1905: type comma Linnaeus: fixed by author,
who attributed the name to Barbut 1781, who used it in the
same sense as Linnaeus.
Antennae < $4 costa: club ovate = + shaft: apiculus very
short = 4 width of club: nudum 8/4. Palpi second segment
quadrantic, short, hairy: third segment conspicuously
pointed. All tibiae heavily spined. ¢ upf with a silver-grey
centred black stigma.
A. W. Lindsey 1942 dealt with the genus in detail in
‘“‘A preliminary Review of the genus Hesperia”’.
Se)
M.10. HESPERIA
la (10a). Upf spots in spaces 4 and 5 not nearer to the spots
in spaces 6-8 than to the termen.
tb (8a). 3 unf cell ochreous, unmarked.
1c (7). 3 upf the discal tawny area not outwardly dentate.
1d (3a). Uncus, seen from the side, only divided for a
quarter of its length.
1 (2). Clasp with the tip of the cuiller and the style
approximate. Unh spot in space 7, if present, close to the
spot in space 6.
comma. 9g sub-species in America. Old World forms differ
in 2 respects. The points of the cuiller and style are rather
farther apart: the spot in space 6 is more central, between
the spots in spaces 5 and 7. ‘The variation in America
appears to be more localised than the almost greater
variation in Europe.
(a). ¢ F 14mm. Dark form with small spots. Unh spots
in spaces 6 and 7 equal.
Sub-sp. borealis Lindsey 1942: $ Labrador: figured.
B.M. 2 g 2 9 Labrador.
(b). ¢ F 15 mm. Unh spot in space 7 absent or < spot
in space 6. A dark form of manitoba.
Sub-sp. laurentina Lyman 1892: 3 New Brunswick. Fig
Holland 1931: Lindsey 1942: Klots 1951.
B.M. 3 63 9 N.W. Territory. 9 ¢ 4 9 Alberta (Banff.
Laggan). 3 ¢ 3 2 Maine. 1 g 1 9 N. Manitoba (Gillam).
1 g Ontario. 3 2 Wisconsin (Argonne).
(c). ¢ F 15 mm. Unh pale green with reduced markings
and white cilia. Above, light tawny: uph no spots.
Sub-sp. assiniboia Lyman 1892: 3 Regina. Fig Holland:
Lindsey 1942.
B.M. 1 6 1 2 Transcona, E. of Winnipeg. | Saga
Manitoba (Beulah. Miniota).
(d). ¢ F 13 mm. Very dark form with larger and more
continuous silver spots unh than in laurentina.
Sub-sp. hulbirti Lindsey 1939: ¢ Olympic Mts, Washington
Territory. Fig Lindsey 1942.
BM fo 1 Sotype loc.
(e). Typically ¢ F 14 mm. Above, like laurentina: uph
generally with small tawny spots, often somewhat blurred
and in 9 larger and paler than in Jaurentina. Unh very
318
M.10. HESPERIA
variable: dark brown with ochreous or greenish scaling,
presenting a rough appearance as compared with the
following sub-species: spots in spaces Ic—5 generally con-
tiguous and spot in space 7 usually absent.
Sub-sp. manitoba Scudder 1874: 3 Br Colombia: figured
g and genitalia. Fig Holland: Seitz: Lindsey 1942, 3 and
genitalia.
B.M. 1 3 Ontario (Nepigon). 2 g 1 2? Manitoba. 11 379
Br Colombia. 1 g 1 2 Washington Territory. 3 3 6 ?
Idaho. 8 $ 3 2 Wyoming (Moose, Yellowstone Park).
5 $ Colorado (Sulphur Springs. Idaho Springs. Blue
River. Halle Valley).
(f).. Typically ¢ F 15 mm. Above, dark areas reduced.
Unh smooth ochreous all over, silver spots small.
Sub-sp. colorado Scudder 1874: 3 Colorado: figured, 3 and
genitalia. Fig Holland: Seitz: Lindsey 1942, 3 and
genitalia.
B.M. 19 3 13 2 Colorado (Golden. Bear Creek. Pikes
Peak. South Park). 14 ¢ 5 2 Arizona (Fort Grant). 1 3
New Mexico.
(g). ¢ F 14 mm. Typically a pale edition of colorado.
Above, dark borders nearly obsolete. Unh very pale
greenish-yellow, silver markings large.
Sub-sp. idaho Edwards 1883: $ Oregon. Fig Seitz: Holland.
Synonym. ochracea Lindsey 1941: ¢ Platte Canyon,
Colorado. Fig Lindsey 1942.
mle 3 gt 2 Utah 2 ¢ Wyoming (Platte Co)s-2 2
Colorado (Davis Creek, Modoc Co). 3 2 Montana.
(h). S$ F 13 mm. A small edition of colorado: very
variable.
Sub-sp. harpalus Edwards 1881: ¢ Nevada. Fig Holland:
Lindsey 1942.
Synonyms. cabelus Edwards 1871: 3 Nevada. Fig
Holland.
oregonia Edwards 1883: 3 Nevada. Fig Seitz.
yosemite Leussler 1933: 3 California.
leusslert Lindsey 1940: 3 California, San Diego. Fig
Lindsey 1942.
B.M. 32 3 8 @ California (Yosemite. St Bernardino.
Calfax. Nellie). 2 3 Nevada.
549
M.10. HESPERIA
(i). ¢ F 14 mm. Above, reddish fulvous. Unh smooth
dark brown, spots slightly sordid white, not silver as usual,
in g. A very distinct form.
Sub-sp. dodgei Bell 1927: $ Santa Cruz. Genitalia fig by
Lindsey, Bell & Williams 1931: 3, 2 and genitalia by
Lindsey 1942.
B.M. 3 3 3 2 California (Santa Cruz).
2 (1). Clasp with the tip of the cuiller and the style widely
separated. Unh dark brown with the dorsum bright
orange: spot in space 7 intermediate between the spots in
space 6 and at base. ¢ F 17 mm.
liberia Plotz 1883: 3 ? loc: copy of Plétz’s MS fig in B.M.
Synonym. woodgate: Williams 1914: ¢ New Mexico. Fig
Holland: Lindsey, etc., g genitalia: Lindsey 1942, ¢ and
genitalia.
B.M. 5 6 1 2 New Mexico.
3a (1d). Uncus, seen from the side deeply divided. 3 F
14 mm.
a (6). Upf 3 stigma reaches to base of space 2.
3 (4. 5). Style of clasp much longer than cuiller. Unh
with conspicuous silver spots: spot in space 7 conspicuous
and detached, rarely absent.
nevada Scudder 1874: $ Colorado: figured. Fig Seitz:
Comstock: Lindsey, etc., genitalia: Lindsey 1942, 3, 2
and genitalia.
B.M. 1 3S Vancouver (Gold Stream). 1 ¢ Alberta. 17 3
g 2 Colorado (Near Divide, 10,600 feet).
4 (3. 5). Style of clasp and tip of cuiller equal and approxi-
mate as in comma. Unh with large dull whitish or yellow-
ish spots in 3: spot in space 7 conspicuous and conjoined
to spot in space 6: spot in spaces 4-5 detached.
ruricola Boisduval 1852: 3 California: type lost, fide
Oberthtir 1913. Fig Wright 1905: Comstock 1927.
Synonym. lindsey: Holland 1930: ¢$ California. Fig
Holland 1931: Lindsey 1942, J, 9 and genitalia. Holland’s
assignment of ruricola to vestris Boisduval, agreeing in no
way with the description, cannot be accepted.
B.M. 15 3 10 9 California (Davis Creek, Modoc. Plumas
Co. San Rafael Hills).
320
M.10. HESPERIA
5 (3. 4). Style of clasp minute, cuiller normal. Unh
greenish-brown, bright yellow dorsum.
columbia. 2 sub-species.
(a). Unh markings small, no spots in spaces 7 or Ic.
Sub-sp. columbia Scudder 1872: 3$ California. Fig Scudder
1874 as sylvanoides: Holland: Seitz: Comstock: Lindsey
and others, genitalia: Lindsey 1942, 3 and genitalia.
Synonym. california. Wright 1925: 3$ 8S. California:
figured.
erynnoides Dyar 1907: $ California.
Bivie ited to Arizona,’ 6 4° Calitemia (Cajon' Pass,
Riverside Co).
(b). Unh spots conspicuous, those in spaces Ic and 7
present.
Sub-sp. pahaska Leussler 1938: 3 Nebraska. Fig Lindsey
1942, ¢ and genitalia.
Synonym. williamst Lindsey 1940: 3S Arizona. Fig
Lindsey 1942, ¢ ¢. Pale form, but clinal rather than
sub-specific.
B.M. 2 3 2 2 Colorado (S.W.). 5 3 1 2 New Mexico
(Fort Wingate). 1 3 Mexico (N. Sonora).
6 (3b). 3 upf stigma does not reach to base of space 2. Unh
spot in space 1c oblique, directed to termen above dorsum.
viridis Edwards 1883: ¢ New Mexico. Fig Seitz: Comstock:
Holland: Lindsey, etc., genitalia: Klots: Lindsey 1942,
3, 2 and genitalia.
B.M. 1 2 Arizona (Fort Grant). 9 ¢ 3 2 New Mexico
(Jemez Springs. Maniton).
7 (1c). 3 2 upf outer edge of the tawny discal area dentate:
uph similarly dentate in . Unh spots as in comma. 3 F
mm.
abs Scudder 1872: $ California. Fig Scudder 1874: Com-
stock: Holland: genitalia by Lindsey and others: Lindsey
1942, 5, 9 and genitalia.
Synonym. ogdenensis Holland 1931: 2 Utah: figured.
B.M. 12 3 5 ¢ California. 1 $ 3 2 Oregon. 4 2 Colorado.
1¢12 Utah. 1 9 Idaho. 1 ¢ Nevada. 1 ¢ New Mexico.
8a (1b). ¢ unf cell brown with a single or double white spot.
Unh brown with veins more or less white.
a2
M.10. HESPERIA
8 (9g). Unh pale brown, variegated with large dark brown
spots.
uncas. 2 sub-species.
(a). Darker and smaller. ¢ F 15 mm.
Sub-sp. uncas Edwards 1863: 3 Philadelphia: figured. Fig
Oberthiir 1912: Holland: Seitz: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.:
Lindsey 1942, 3, 2 genitalia: Klots.
Synonym. ridings Reakirt 1866: 2 Rocky Mts.
B.M. 5 3 4 2 Canada (Manitoba. Alberta). 15 ¢ 30 9
Colorado. 2 ¢ 2 2 Montana. 1 2 New Mexico. 1 ¢ 1 2
Kansas.
(b). Paler and larger. § F 16 mm.
Sub-sp. lasus Edwards 1884: 3 S. Arizona. Fig Holland
1931.
BM. 5 33 SAnizona:
9 (8). Unh dark brown, more or less paler outwardly. 3 F
14 mm.
eee Scudder 1863: 2 Connecticut. Fig Seitz: Holland:
Klots: Lindsey 1942, 3, 2 and genitalia.
Synonyms. licinus Edwards 1871: 3 Texas. Fig Holland.
horus Edwards 1871: 2 ‘Texas. Fig Holland 1931.
belfrager Freeman 1944: Texas.
BM: 5 ¢oN Carolina (izig 2 New York. 1 g 19 New
England. 4 3 2 2 Massachusetts. 2 g 1 2 Connecticut.
9 3 5 2 New Jersey. 1 ¢ New Hampshire.
10a (1a). Upf spots in spaces 4—5 nearer to spot in space 6
than to termen.
1ob (15a). Unh without sharply defined markings.
roc (13a). 3 above dark and pale areas not contrasting
strongly: 2 upf with well-defined whitish hyaline spots.
The 33 of this group can only be identified by the genitalia.
10 (11. 12). Clasp, projecting spine from valva absent or
very short. ¢ F 16 mm.
pawnee Dodge 1874: 3 Nebraska. Fig Seitz: Holland:
Klots: Lindsey 1942, 3, 2 and genitalia.
Synonym. montana Skinner 1911: Colorado. Fig Holland.
B.M. 1 g 1 2 Washington Territory. 1 g 1 9 Nebraska.
1 $ Iowa. 1 3 Kansas. 12 3 3 2 Montana. 4 $ Colorado.
1 ¢ Arizona.
322
M.10. HESPERIA
Il (10. 12). Clasp, projecting spine from valva much longer
than the spine from the cuiller. ¢ F 16 mm.
ottoe Edwards 1866: ¢ Kansas. Fig Scudder 1874, $ and
genitalia: Seitz: Holland: Klots: Lindsey 1942, genitalia.
Synonym. ogallala Leussler 1921: 9 Nebraska. Fig
Holland: Lindsey, etc., 1931, genitalia: Lindsey 1942, 9.
B.M. 1 3 lowa. 3 ¢ Kansas.
12 (10. 11). Clasp, projecting spines of valva and cuiller
equal. 2 dark brown with whitish spots, no tawny
colouring. Smaller ¢ F 14 mm.
dacotae Skinner 1911: § S. Dakota. Fig Holland: Lindsey
1942, 3, 9 and genitalia.
Bove 2s o) Dakota, 1G 1 2 Texas, tr 61 2 no loc:
13a (10c). g above dark and pale areas strongly contrasting.
13 (14). 3 upf discal tawny area as wide as the dark
border. 2 upf with broad tawny area. ¢ F 14 mm.
sassacus Harris 1862: 2 Massachusetts. Fig Holland: Seitz:
Klots: Lindsey 1942, 3, 9 and genitalia.
Synonym. manitoboides Fletcher 1889: Nepigon. Fig
Holland.
B.M. 7 3 3 2 Massachusetts. 1 ¢ Maine. 6 ¢ 6 @
hemmevivania. 5 ¢ 2 % New Jetsey. 1195 5.2 New
Hampshire. 15 3 19 9 New York. 5 3 Texas.
14 (13). 3d upf discal tawny area narrower than the dark
border. $ F 14 mm.
meskei Edwards 1877: 2 Texas. Fig Holland: Seitz: Klots:
Lindsey 1942, 3, 2 and genitalia.
Synonym. straton Edwards 1881: 3 Florida.
B.M. 1 3 N. Carolina (S. Pines).
[5a (rob). Unh with sharply defined markings.
15 (16). Unh greenish-brown with small white spots.
¢ F 14 mm.
attalus Edwards 1871: 9 Texas. Fig Holland: Seitz:
Lindsey 1942, 3 9 and genitalia.
Synonym. seminole Scudder 1872: 3 Florida.
quaiapan Scudder 1889: @ ? loc.
slossonae Skinner 1890: 3 Florida.
B.M. 1 3 3 9 Florida.
a3
M.rr, APPIA
16 (15). Unh chocolate to ferruginous with a conspicuous
discal row of white spots. ¢ F 15 mm.
leonardus Harris 1862: 3 Massachusetts: figured. Fig
Holland: Seitz: Lindsey 1942, 3 2 and genitalia.
Synonyms. ? lidia Plotz 1883: ? loc.
stallingst Freeman 1943: $ Ohio. A “‘clinal”’ form.
B.M. 4 5 2 2 Canada (Toronto). 3 ¢ 1 2 Virginia. 23919
New England. 2 ¢ 5 2 Massachusetts. 3 g¢ 2 2 New
Jersey. 1 3 1 9 New York. 1 3 1 9 Connecticut. 1 ¢
Vexas: 21 ¢ 19 9:no loc. 7
M.I1. APPIA Evans (p. 300): type appia Evans: fixed by
author.
Antennae short 33 costa: shaft white, outer part of clubwhite:
club = 4 shaft, sub-ovate, bent beyond thickest part to a
very short apiculus = 4 width of club: nudum 8/4. Palpi
and legs as Hesperia. Wings broad. F venation of Hesperia,
but vein 2 rises nearer to vein 3. H cell < 4 wing, upturned
at lower end: vein 7 rises before vein 2: vein 1A = vein 8.
3 upf with a faint, broken, grey stigma from origin of vein 3
to mid vein I.
Structurally between Yvretta and Hesperia, but very dif-
ferent in general appearance.
Single species. ¢ F 12 mm. Above, brown with con-
spicuously chequered cilia. Upf with small white spots,
2 in cell (one above the other), in spaces 2 and 3, dots in
spaces 4 and 5 near termen, apical in spaces 6-8. Uph the
discal spots from unh showing faintly, in a straight row
from space 2 to space 6. Below, variegated with dark and
pale areas. Unf an additional whitish spot in space 1b.
Unh irregular discal white spots in spaces 2~7, sub-basal
spots in space tc, cell and space 7.
appia nov: ¢ Soledad, Entre Rios, Argentine: type B.M.
B.M. 4 3 3 2 type loc. 1 ¢ Uruguay (Montevideo).
M.12 LINKA Evans (p. 300): type dina Plétz 1883: fixed
by author.
Near Hylephila but the antennae and genitalia differ.
Antennae ;?; costa: club = 4 shaft: nudum 9/3. Palpi
324
M.13. POLITES
second segment with dense hairy clothing, concealing the
rather long third segment. Mid tibiae spined. No secondary
sexual characters.
Single species. ¢ F 12mm. Above, brown, cilia pale ashy:
upf pale yellow opaque markings in spaces 2, 3, 4, 5 and
6-8: long upper, and shorter lower, streak in cell. Uph
similar conjoined spots in spaces 3-5. Unf as upf. Unh
dark ferruginous brown with large yellow conjoined
markings in spaces 2~7, running to bases of spaces 6, 7
and a spot end cell: veins on disc white: outer half of
space 1b yellow.
_ lina Plétz 1883: Bogota. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 4 3 Colombia. 1 3$ Bolivia.
M.13. POLITES Scudder 1872: type coras Cramer: fixed
by author as peckius Kirby, which is a synonym of coras.
Synonyms. Hedone Scudder 1872: type vibex Geyer: fixed
by author as brettus Boisduval and Le Conte, which is a
synonym of wvibex.
Limochores Scudder 1872: type origenes Fabricius: fixed by
author as manataaqua Scudder, which is a synonym of
origenes.
Pyrrhosydia Scudder 1874: type mystic Edwards: fixed by
author.
Antennae short, 3% costa: club ovate, + shaft: apiculus
4 width of club or less: nudum 6/5-8/4. Palpi hairy: second
segment quadrantic: third concealed by hairs from second
segment. Legs, all tibiae spined. Wings broader than in
Hesperia. 3 upf with a discal stigma. Aedoeagus with
extruded processes of a simpler form to those found in
Ochlodes.
la (5a). Unh no pale spot before end of cell.
1 (2a). Unh generally with dark shades or dark spots.
vibex. 7 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 14 mm. Pale form of vibex: dark border upf in
3 hardly wider than the cilia. 9 unh grey-yellow, dark
markings faint. Grades to vibex.
Sub-sp. brettoides Edwards 1883: ¢ Arizona. Fig Seitz.
325
M.13. POLITES
Synonym. clara Pléotz 1883: 3 California: copy of MS
fig in B.M.
BML 12 df 11 2 Texas. «2 6 ~Caltornia %
(b). 3g upf tawny discal area much wider than the dark
border. 2 brown above, with irregular white discal spots
in spaces 1b-8: uph plain. Unh ¢ yellow with sharply
defined dark spots: 2 greenish-brown with dull dark spots
as 1N G.
Sub-sp. vibex Geyer 1832: 3 “W. Indies”: figured (fig
agrees with specimens from Florida). Fig Seitz: Klots:
Hayward 1951 are of catalina.
Synonyms. brettus Boisduval & Le Conte 1829: Georgia:
figured. Fig Seitz: Holland: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
wingina Scudder 1863: ¢ New England.
morganta Plotz 1883: ¢ “S. America”: copy of MS fig
in B.M.
unna Plétz 1883: 3 Philadelphia.
margarita Draudt 1924: = brettus.
B.M. 66 ¢ 34 2 U.S.A. (Louisiana. Arkansas. N. Caro-
lina. Pennsylvania. Alabama. Florida. New York. New
Jersey. Nebraska. Georgia). 3 ¢ “Mexico”. -
(c). 3g upf tawny discal band = dark border, which is
inwardly dentate. Uph tawny, with dark veins. Unh dark
markings as in vibex, but lighter and often absent. 2 unh
dark areas united leaving a broad continuous greyish-
brown discal band before a broad darker brown border.
Great deal of variation, particularly in Ecuador, where the
gd may have the unh as in the @ and in the @ the discal
band may be nearly white.
Sub-sp. praeceps Scudder 1872: 3 Tehuantepec.
Synonyms. lumida Mosehler 1878: 2 Columbia. Fig
Seitz.
golenia Moéschler 1878: 3 Colombia: type B.M.
phormio Mabille 1878: 3 Para: type B.M.
sulfurina Mabille 1878: 3 Fr Guiana: type B.M.
? zencket Plotz 1883: Mexico.
stigma Skinner 1896: 3 New Mexico. Fig Skinner 1goo.
combinata Godman 1907: = vibex.
? hypozona Dyar 1918: 3 Mexico. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 15 3 Mexico. 4 ¢ Guatemala. 7 $ Honduras. 5 3
326
M.13. POLITES
INieardeua. = 11g voalvador. 5 1g) ‘1 9’ Costa Rica) 1 2
Panama. 23 6°52 Colombia. 33 ¢: 102 Venezuela. 34 3
16 9 VPrnidad). 2 ¢ Fr Guiana. 36 ¢ 23°92 Ecuador
(Quito. Chimbo. Manabi. Cojimies. Paramba). 1 3
Peru (Trujillo). io Brazil”.
(d). ¢ F 15 mm. 3 upf tawny discal band very narrow
and macular spots in spaces 4 and 5 more or less detached.
Uph in 3 and 9 narrow tawny band divided by dark veins.
¢ unh with small dark spots as in praeceps. 2 unh displays
a reversion to wibex, large brown spots on a greyish-
ochreous ground: upf spots yellower.
Sub-sp. catilina Plotz 1886: $ Blumenau: copy of MS fig
in B.M. Fig Hayward 1951 as vibex, 3, 2 and genitalia.
Synonym. turbis Schaus 1902: 3 Novo Friborgo.
BoM; 1 g Mexico”. 1 61 9 Venezuela. 6 ¢ Fr Guiana.
4 6 2 2 Br Guiana. 2 ¢ Kaiteur, Br Guiana (very small,
¢ F 11 mm.). 1 g¢ Ecuador. 5 ¢ Peru (Chanchamayo.
Inambari. Cuzco. Perene. Moyabamba). 10 $ 2 9
Bolivia (Santa Cruz. Yungas—La Paz. ‘Tanampaya).
1 9 Amazons (Para). 1 ¢ Pernambuco. 1 2? Bahia. 2 3
Megtan 29.1 2 Goyaz. 7 ¢ 12 Minas Geraes. 6 g.1 2
Matto Grosso. 41 6 11 25. Brazil. 28 3 4 2 Paraguay.
E24 4 2 Argentine.
(ce). ¢ F 14 mm.:: as praeceps, but the tawny areas above
much browner and uph no dark border or dark veins: unf
broad terminal border and unh dusky ochreous-brown,
unmarked. 2 upf basal half of costa ochreous, the discal
yellow spots conspicuous: unh as in praeceps.
Sub-sp. calla nov: $ Callao, Peru: J. J. Walker: type B.M.
B.M. 9 3 6 2 Peru (Callao. Coquimbo).
(f). ¢ F 13 mm. ¢ upf discal tawny band = the dark
border as in praeceps, but it is not outwardly dentate and
the apical spots are more or less detached, as in catilina.
$ unh with a well-defined irregular broad yellow discal
band, brown edged, as in some Ecuador ? praeceps.
Sub-sp. bittiae Lindsey 1925: 3 Peru: figured.
B.M. 3 3 Peru (Lima. Amazonas, Chachapoyas).
(g). ¢ F 13 mm. Above, bright orange and cilia orange:
unh orange unmarked. ¢ 9 alike, stigma in ¢ replaced by
a dark band in 9.
327
M.13. POLITES
Sub-sp. dictynna Godman & Salvin 1896: 3g St Vincent:
type B.M. Figured Comstock 1944 from Porto Rico.
B.M. 35 6 1 2 St Vincent. 3°¢ 1 2 StiKitts: aoe
Grenada. 1 g 1 2 Grenadines (Union Is).
2a (1). Unh plain grey-brown, rarely with a pale discal band.
2b (4). Unf costal ochreous area separated from the apical
spots. ¢ F 13-15 mm.
2 (3). 3d upf stigma short but flanked at either end by a
black velvet patch: vein 3 decurved to midway between
origins of veins 2 and 4. Upf spot in space 2 small or
absent. Unh usually no discal spots.
themistocles Latreille 1823: 5. America: to replace phocion
Fabricius: homonym. Fig Klots: Lindsey, etc., genitalia.
Synonyms. taumas Fabricius 1787: homonym (Huf-
nagel 1766).
phocion Fabricius 1798: homonym (Fabricius 1793).
cernes Boisduval & Le Conte 1833: 3 Georgia: type B.M.:
figured. Fig Seitz.
ahaton Harris 1862: 3 Massachusetts: figured.
turnert Freeman 1944: 3 Br Colombia.
B.M. 16 3 6 9 Canada (Nova Scotia. Quebec. Nepigon.
Br Colombia). 134 3 68 9 U.S.A. (Missouri. Georgia.
Wyoming. Utah. Arkansas. Pennsylvania. Louisiana.
Massachusetts. New York. New Jersey. Wisconsin.
Connecticut. Ohio. Texas. Illinois. California. Ten-
nessee. N. & S. Carolina. Florida. New Mexico.
Alabama. Colorado (larger and lighter).
3 (2). 3g stigma long, from origin of vein 3 to mid vein 1,
not flanked by black patches: vein 3 decurved, but rising
much nearer origin of vein 4. Upf spot in space 2 narrow,
across the space. Unh usually with some discal spots,
larger.
origenes. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 134mm. Darker, markings restricted.
Sub-sp. origenes Fabricius 1793: Indiis: fig Jones Icones.
Fig Donovan badly; a caricature of Jones figure. .
Synonym. manataaqua Scudder 1863: New England. Fig
Seitz: Holland: Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 1g “Canada’”’. 39 6 29 2 U.S.A.(Ohio. Washington.
328
M.13. POLITES
Pennsylvania. New York. New Jersey. Connecticut.
Georgia. Delaware. N. Carolina. New England. Massa-
chusetts. Florida).
(b). ¢ F 15 mm. Paler, markings more extensive.
Sub-sp. rhena Edwards 1878: 3 Colorado. Fig Holland.
Synonym. alcina Skinner 1893: § Colorado. Fig Skinner
1912: Holland.
B.M. 3 6 1 S$ Colorado. 15 g¢ 11 2 New Mexico.
4 (2b). Unf costal ochreous area absorbs the apical spots.
aoe 02) min. |
baracoa. 2 sub-species.
(a). 3 upf stigma short, not above base of vein 3: broken
into 3 portions.
Sub-sp. baracoa Lucas 1857: Cuba. Fig Seitz: Holland:
Klots, from Georgia.
Synonyms. amadis Herrich-Schaffer 1863: Cuba.
myus French 1885: 3 Florida.
B.M. 42 3 30 2 Cuba. 11 3 14 9 Florida.
(b). 3 upf stigma long from base vein 4 to mid vein 1:
unbroken.
Sub-sp. loma nov: ¢ Haiti: type B.M.
B.M. 19 3 4 @ Haiti.
5a (1a). Unh with a pale spot before end cell.
5 (6a). Unh discal pale spot in spaces 4—5 not larger than
the other spots of the band.
mystic. 5 sub-species.
(a). g F 15 mm. Darkest form. ¢ above, discal spots
small on uph and on upf reduced to dots in spaces 4 and 5,
costa dark tawny. Unh dark brown or greenish-brown,
white markings small and sharp, consisting of a discal row
in spaces 1c~7 and a curved bar in cell.
Sub-sp. siris Edwards 1881: ¢ Mt Hood. Fig Holland.
B.M. 9g 3 1 2 Washington Territory. 3 ¢ California
(Plumas County. Susanna County). 1 ¢ Idaho.
(b). ¢ F 13 mm. Tawny, dark borders faint: uph mostly
tawny, markings suffused. Unh greenish-ochreous, mark-
Ings as iN SZis.
Sub-sp. sonora Scudder 1872: California. Fig Holland:
Comstock: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
329
M.13. POLITES
B.M. 40 3 17 ¢ California (S. Bernardino. Yosemite.
Plumas County. Quincy. Sequoia National Park. Sierra
Nevada). 4 3 4 9 Oregon. 1 3 3 2 Nevada.
(c). ¢ F 13 mm. Above, much browner: only costa light
tawny upf. Uph spots small, sharply defined. Unh as
siris, but paler and greener.
Sub-sp. utahensis Skinner 1911: Utah. Fig Holland.
B.M. 1 3 Canada (Assinoboia, Saskatchewan). 1 ¢ 2 2
Colorado (Silverton. Halle Valley, Park County). 1 ¢
Utah (Park City). 1 ¢ 1 2 Wyoming (Evanston).
(d). ¢ F 15 mm. Bright tawny with a well-marked dark
border beyond the continuous discal band upf. Uph cen-
trally tawny or with large discal spots and a spot end cell.
Unh pale ochreous, faint broad pale markings: 92 ferru-
ginous and markings conspicuous: some ¢¢ tend to be
like the 9 unh.
Sub-sp. mystic Scudder 1865: $-Connecticut: figured. Fig
Seitz: Holland: Klots.
Synonyms. weetamo Scudder 1889: ? loc.
nubs Scudder 1889: aberration.
B.M. 11 3 9 9 Canada (Manitoba. Nepigon. Toronto.
Ottawa. Quebec). 9 ¢ 7 2 Pennsylvania. 6 g 4 2 New
York. 2 g 1 9 New Jersey. 6 3 1 2 New Hampshire. 1 3
Iowa. 1 6 Texas. 1 ¢ “California”. 3 ¢ 1 2 Massachu-
setts. 1 ¢ New England. 1 $ W. Virginia. 1 ¢ 1 2 Ohio.
1 6 Indiana. 23-5 24 9 U.S
(ec). ¢ F 14mm. Above and below, paler than mystic and
tawny areas broader.
Sub-sp. dacotah Edwards 1871: ¢ Colorado. Fig Holland.
Synonym. pallida Skinner 1911: S. Dakota.
B.M. 8 3 8 Colorado (Clear Creek. Glenwood Springs.
Platte Canyon). 3 ¢ New Mexico. 3 3 Dakota. 1 $ Ohio.
2 eWiSuine T oiaeer Wexicor,
6a (5). Unh discal spot in spaces 4—5 conspicuously larger
than any other spot in the discal band.
6 (7). Unh no spot in space Ic against the cell spots.
sabuleti. 4 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 13 mm. Above, tawny areas dull and restricted.
Unh light brown: discal band broad and faint. 9 above,
oo>
M.13. POLITES
spots sharply defined: unh the spot in cell and base
space 7 well defined.
Sub-sp. mardon Edwards 1881: ¢ Mt Hood. Fig Holland:
Seitz: Comstock: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 1 ¢ 3 9 Washington Territory.
(b). ¢ F 13 mm. Above, dark borders broad: upf discal
spots narrow and, in 4, often not reaching dorsum. Unh
dark greenish-brown with sharply defined white discal
and basal markings.
Sub-sp. draco Edwards 1871: g Colorado. Fig Skinner
1g00: Seitz: Holland.
B.M. 2 31 2 Alberta (Banff. Luggan). 3 ¢ Wyoming.
1 ¢ Montana. 5 ¢ 1 2 New Mexico. 45 3 17 9 Colorado
(S. Park. Near Divide 10,600 feet. Bullion Mt. Halle
Valley. Red Feather Lakes).
(b). ¢ F 12mm. Above, dark borders tend to be broken
by extension of the tawny discal band. Unh pale yellow
with dark markings: pattern same as draco but broken up.
Sub-sp. sabuleti Boisduval 1852: g California: type B.M.
Fig Oberthiir 1913: Seitz: Comstock: Holland: genitalia
by Lindsey, etc.
Synonyms. chusca Edwards 1873: 3 Arizona. Fig
Holland.
genoa Plétz 1883: g¢ Nevada: copy of MS fig in B.M.
comstocki Gunder 1925: $ California: figured.
B.M. 1 31 9 Nevada. 53 ¢ 31 2 California (Los Angeles.
San Francisco. 5. Bernardino. 5S. Diego. Santa Barbara.
Kern County. Jucumba. Campicole. Cisco. Truckee).
(c). g F 11 mm. Darker than sabulet:. Unh dark border
much more solid; ground darker and the discal band well
marked.
Sub-sp. tecumseh Grinnel 1903: California. Fig Comstock:
Holland.
Synonym. chispa Wright 1906: ¢ California: figured.
Fig Seitz. +.
B.M. 17 3 9 9 California (Sierra Nevada. Munt County.
Cisco).
7 (6). Unh with a spot in space Ic against the cell spot.
Markings broad. ¢ F 14 mm.
A... 22 331
M.14. WALLENGRENIA
coras Cramer 1775: $ “‘Surinam”’: figured. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. otho Abbot & Smith 1797: 2 Georgia: figured.
peckwus Kirby 1837: N. America: figured. Fig Harris:
Holland: Seitz: Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
wamsutta Harris 1862: $ Massachusetts: figured.
enys Lindsey, Bell & Williams 1931: nomen nudum by
Butler 1870 (Boisduval MS), placed as = peckuus.
B.M. 2 3 Newfoundland. 23 ¢ 13 2 Canada. 140 3 88 2
U.S.A. (N. & S. Carolina. Connecticut. Kentucky.
Virginia. Ohio. New York. New Jersey. Texas. Iowa.
Wyoming. New England. Montana. New Hampshire.
Washington. Wisconsin. Indiana. Illinois).
M.14. WALLENGRENIA Berg 1897: type premnas
Wallengren: fixed by author. |
Synonym. Catia Godman 1901: type druryi Latreille: fixed
by author.
Closely allied to Polites, differing in the form of the
stigma upf in the g, which consists of large grey scales
flanked by velvet-black patches and placed on the inner
edge of a large area of specialised shining scales. The
genitalia are somewhat different and assist in the justification
of generic status for the species included.
| (2). 3 upf the branded area extensive, reaching the tornus
at the end of space 1a.
druryi. 7 sub-species.
(a). In the continental forms the branded area does not
extend beyond the middle of space 2. Above and below,
brown without any ochreous or tawny tinge and the
spots white. ¢ F 15 mm. Cuiller ending with a short
spine.
Sub-sp. egeremet Scudder 1863: 3 Massachusetts. Fig
Scudder 1889 as aetna (synonym of Gegenes pumilio Hoff-
mansegg Europe and Africa): Holland.
Synonyms. ursa Worthington 1880: 2 Indiana.
cinna Plotz 1883: Union.
B.M. 4 3 5 9 Canada (Toronto. Winnipeg). 2 3 3 Q
New Jersey. 5 5 7 2 New York. 6 3 6 Q Pennsylvania.
2 6 1 9 Montana. 1 ¢ W. Virginia. 1 ¢ 1 9 Georgia.
33%
M.14. WALLENGRENIA
Av ge2sobigriga.. 29 102 Califorma, 1 - 12 Vexas.! 1S
1 2 Massachusetts. 12 ¢ 10 9 Ohio. 9 ¢ 8 2 U.S.A.
(b). Above with conspicuous ochreous scaling: spots
yellow. Unh uniform ferruginous, discal yellow spots
conspicuous. ¢ F 14 mm. Cuiller ending with a long
spine.
Sub-sp. pustula Geyer 1832: Georgia: figured. Fig as otho
by Holland: Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
Synonyms. lacordairit Godman 1900: = pustula.
jobrea Dyar 1918: 3 Mexico. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 2 3 8 2 Louisiana. 2 ¢ Ohio. 20 ¢ 6 9 Florida.
3 6 2 @ Illinois. 1 6 1 9 Alabama. 3 3 3 2 Georgia. 2 3
meenew Votk..29ygi15,9 Texas: (11 g' 4.9 Mexico; 2 9
Honduras. 1 ¢ Ruatan Is. 3 g 1 2 Nicaragua. 1 ¢
Salvador. 1 2 Costa Rica.
(c). Unh yellow, discal spots faint.
Sub-sp. curassavica Snellen 1887: ¢ Curacoa: figured.
Synonym. winslowi Weeks 1906: Venezuela. Fig Weeks
IQIO.
Peano ¢ 2 2 Panama. 10 ¢-4 2 Colombia’ (8 9¢ 3 9
Venezuela. 13 ¢ 9 2 Trinidad. 8 3 8 2 Br Guiana. 9 3
1° Fr Guiana. 4 $ Surinam. 4 ¢ 1 @ Ecuador (Huigra.
Manabi). 4 3 1 2 Peru (Chanchamayo. Rio Colorado.
Elen). 16 3 8 9 Para and Manaos. 1 ¢ Ceara. 1 2 Bahia.
1 g Pernambuco. 1 $ Maranham. 1 @ Matto Grosso.
1 $ Parana.
(d). g F 15 mm. Above, brown, markings yellowish in-
stead of tawny, somewhat resembling egeremet. Unf apex
and costa and all unh yellow: markings unh faint.
Sub-sp. sapuca nov: ¢ Sapucay, Paraguay. Type B.M.
B.M. 6 3 1 2 Paraguay. 3 ¢ 2 2 Argentine (Santa Fé.
Villa Ana).
(ec). In the island forms the branded area extends well
beyond the middle of space 2. Unh dark brown with
obscure greenish scaling, no spots. Upf very dark, spots
obscure or small. ¢ F 13 mm.
Sub-sp. misera Lucas 1857: Cuba. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. mago Herrich-Schaffer 1863: Cuba.
Pv) 42. 5. 38 9: Cubaz).9' So 7 2 Bahamasi : pyd. 2: 9
Honduras.
333
M.14. WALLENGRENIA
(f). Unh rather pale greenish, space 1b and half rc dull
orange, no spots. Upf as pustula. 3 F 13 mm.
Sub-sp. druryi Latreille 1824: 3 no loc (agrees with Haiti
specimens): type B.M. Fig Seitz. ,
Synonym. mutchlert Watson 1937: 3 Porto Rico. Fig
Comstock 1944.
B.M. 30 ¢ 10 2 Haiti. 1 g¢ 1 9 St Thomas. 1 ¢ Vene-
zuela.
(g). Unh dull orange, discal band faint. ¢ upf as pustula:
© transitional to ophites. 3 F 13 mm.
Sub-sp. vesuria Plotz 1883: Jamaica. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 37 3 17 2 Jamaica.
(h). Unh bright orange, unmarked. ¢ above, almost
entirely bright orange and 2 with extensive orange mark-
ings. ¢ upf the branded area extends to termen in spaces
1a, Iband2. §¢ F 14 mm.
Sub-sp. ophites Mabille 1878: 3 Antilles.
Synonyms. gemma Plétz 1883: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
ravola Godman & Salvin 1886: g Dominica: figured:
type B.M.
B.M. 4372 Martinique. 6 ¢ 1 9 Guadeloupe. 17 ¢ 109
St Lucia. 49 5 28 2 Dominica. 7 3 4 9 St Kitts. 1 ¢
St Bartholomew. 2 ¢ Montserrat. 1 ¢ Nevis. 1 ¢
Venezuela (Caracas).
2 (1). 3 upf the branded area very restricted, not extending
anywhere beyond mid wing. Above, pale markings and
tawny clothing inconspicuous. Unf apex and costa
ferruginous. Unh ferruginous, outwardly broadly paler
beyond the more or less conspicuous pale discal spots.
$ Fi4mm.
premnas Wallengren 1860: 3 Argentine. Fig Hayward 1951,
3, 9 and genitalia.
Synonyms. /zlas Wallengren 1860: ¢ (recte 2) Brazil.
physoptila Burmeister 1878: $ Argentine.
trisema Mabille 1882: 3 Brazil: type B.M.
pudorina Plétz 1883: 3 Brazil. Fig Seitz.
gereon Plétz 1883: 2 Para.
minaya Schaus 1902: 3 Brazil.
B.M. 1 2 “Mexico”. 1d 1 9 Venezuelayaageee
aot
M.15. POMPEIUS
irinidad= 2g 112 Br Guiana. 7 2 Surinam. 3) 6 Peru
(Rio Colorado. Amazonas). 15 3 3 2 Bolivia (Santa Cruz.
Yungas—La Paz. Buenavista). 1 $ Para. 1 $ Pernambuco.
mo WhnasGeraes: 1/6 1 2 Goyaz. 130 10/2 S. Brazil.
FOr 2) Si baravuay. 2 6 3.2 Areentine:
Note. In accordance with U.S.A. practice egeremet has
been left as a sub-species of druryz. In view of the consider-
able overlap with pustula, it is considered it might be
preferable to regard it as a species.
M.15. POMPEIUS Evans (p. 301): type pompezus Latreille:
fixed by author.
Differs from Polites in the form of the antennal club: palpi
are appressed to face: vein 2 F is nearer to the base. Antennae
nearly = 4 costa: club = + shaft: apiculus = width of club
and length of nudum on club = apiculus: nudum 6/7 or 7/6.
The form of genitalia differs from the general form of Polites
as shown in the diagrams. All species have a well-marked
black stigma upf.
la (5a). Unh some shade of brown.
1 (2a). Unh broadly striped dark and pale brown. 3g F
14mm. Above, dark brown. 9 upf with pale yellow spots,
opaque in space 1b, hyaline in 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6: some of
the spots, particularly in spaces 2 and 3, present in 3.
Uph plain. Unf apex pale brown: spot in space 1b
enlarged.
pompeius Latreille 1824: $ Brazil.
Synonyms. athenion Hiibner 1825: ? loc: figured. Fig
Seitz: Hayward 1951, 3, 2 and genitalia: Godman &
Salvin, 3 genitalia.
judas Plétz 1883: 2 Brazil: copy of MS fig in B.M. Fig
Seitz.
lagon Mabille 1891: ““Cooktown”’: MS fig of type in B.M.
peivi 20/4132 Mexico, 10 g)re2 Guatemala. 2s 5 2
Pronduras: 1 3d Salvador. 7.61.2 Nicaragua. 9/7 2
Costa Rica. 8 ¢ 6 2 Panama. 16 $ 10 2? Colombia. 11 3
12 Venezuela. 12 629 Trinidad. 1 $ Tobago. 8389
Br Guiana. 8 $ Surinam. 7 3 3 2 Fr Guiana. 21 3 17 9
Ecuador. 13 $792 Peru. 10 g§ 2 9 Bolivia. 12 g 2 9 Upper
335
M.15. POMPEIUS
Amazons. 6 3 6 Q Para. 1 ¢ Rio Madeira. 2 3 Pernam-
buco. 2 9 Bahia. 1 9 Maranham. 6 ¢ 3 2 Minas Geraes.
2 $ Matto Grosso. 21 $725. Brazil. 8 $1 9 Paraguay.
236692 Argentine. 2 9 “S. Africa” (coll Felder).
2a (1). Unh uniform with faint discal spots.
2b (4). ¢ F 15-16 mm.
2 (3). Unh dark reddish-brown: unf generally a large
white spot in space 1b. ¢ F 16 mm. Upf pale yellow
hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3 (sometimes 4), 6-8 and lower
cell spot: opaque spot in space 1b. Uph plain, may be
faint traces of a discal band, especially in 9. Unf may be
a spot in space 5. Unh pale discal spots in spaces 1c—6,
may be faint or absent in 3. :
verna Edwards 1882: ¢ Illinois. Fig Holland: Klots:
genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
Synonyms. pottawattomie Worthington 1880: Q Illinois.
vetulina Plotz 1883: ? loc.
sigida Mabille 1891: 3 “Australia”: type B.M.
sequoyah Freeman 1942: 3 Arkansas.
B.M. 75 3 30 2 U.S.A. (Pennsylvania. Illinois. Massa-
chusetts. Montana. Washington. New York. New
Jersey. Ohio. Texas. New Mexico. N. Carolina. Con-
necticut. New England). 1 g Mexico.
3 (2). Unh ochreous-brown. Unf 3 no white spot in space
tb. ¢ F15 mm. Very like verna. Above, shining brown,
cilia ashy. Upf stigma narrow, flanked by scales gleaming
in a side light: small whitish spots in spaces 2, 3, 6, 7 and
cell. Uph faint pale spots in spaces 2-6. Unf costa and
apex broadly ochreous-brown, paler at tornus. Unh faint
pale spots as on uph. 2 upf spots small, absent in cell,
faint spot in space 1b.
postpuncta Draudt 1924: 3 Bolivia, Rio Songo: figured.
B.M. 1 ¢ Bolivia.. 1 ¢ Matto Grosso. 1 ¢ Parana
Paraguay. 1 2 Uruguay.
4 (2b). ¢ F13 mm. Unhrather pale brown. Above, shining
brown. Upf yellowish hyaline spots in cell, spaces 2, 3, 4,
5 and 6-8: 2 spots white and more conspicuous. Uph
vague pale discal band. Below, greyish-brown to brown
or reddish-brown. Unf elongate white spot in space 1b.
336
M.15. POMPEIUS
Unh more or less well-marked whitish spots in cell and
spaces 1c~7. [There seem to be 2 forms, perhaps seasonal :
pale form, fully spotted: dark form, spotting reduced.
amblyspila Mabille 1897: 3 Bolivia, T’anampaya.
Synonyms. vesana Weeks 1901: 3 Bolivia. Fig Weeks
1906: Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
? bahtensis Schaus 1902: Bahia.
? chittara Schaus 1902: ¢ Trinidad.
mengeli Weeks 1906: 3 Venezuela. Fig Weeks 1g1t.
lindsey: Bell 1932: 3 Brazil: fig as pudorina Plotz by
Lindsey 1925.
obscurior Hayward 1934: 3 Argentine: genitalia figured.
Fig Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 ¢ Mexico. 3 ¢ Nicaragua. 7 ¢ 1 9 Colombia.
3 619 Venezuela. 1 9 Br Guiana. 5 ¢ Fr Guiana. 2 3
Bolivia. 7 ¢ 1 9 Lower Amazons. 2 3 Minas Geraes.
6 $1 2 Matto Grosso. 2 3 5. Brazil. 7 3 5 9 Paraguay.
2 aexseentine,, 19 °Cuba™.
5a (1a). Unh ochreous.
5b (7). Above, with narrow markings.
5 (6). Unh yellow with small rusty central and discal spots:
dorsum to vein 1b darkened. ¢ F 13 mm. Above, shining
brown. Upf with conspicuous small yellow spots in spaces
tb—3, dots in spaces 4, 5 and 6-8: cell and costa more or
less yellow. Uph discal series of yellow spots in spaces
2-6, the spot in spaces 4-5 elongate. Cilia ashy, whitish
near tornus H. Unf apex yellow. @ upf dark brown, spots
as in g and a spot also in the cell.
dares Pl6tz 1883: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. crassinota Mabille 1897: 3 Bolivia.
menopsis Schaus 1902: 3 Peru.
B.M. 1 3 1 2 Mexico (Guerrero). 5 ¢ 1 2 Nicaragua.
9 3 Bolivia (Songo. Yungas—La Paz). 1 g Amazons
(Santarem). 1 g Matto Grosso. 5 3 8. Brazil. (Parana.
Sao Paulo).
6 (5). Unh brownish-ochreous, dark brown in space 1b:
grey streak in space Ic, base to termen, and grey scaling
before termen: faint yellow discal spots in spaces 2-7. 2° F
13 mm. Above, dark brown. Upf ochreous scaling along
337
M.16. ATALOPEDES
basal half costa: small sharply defined white spots in
spaces 1b (opaque), 2, 3 (both outwardly excavate), 4, 5
(dots, much nearer termen), 6-8 (in line), lower spot in
cell. Uph small irregular discal yellow spots in spaces 2-6.
Unf black, costa and apex brownish-ochreous: double spot
in space 1b, white spots in spaces 2, 3 and cell, other spots
obscured: narrow grey scaling before termen. Antennae
below, yellow to mid club. Palpi white below, with a few
dark hairs.
darina nov: 2 Matto Grosso: R. Spitz: Dec 1929: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
7 (5b). Above, with broad tawny markings, resembling
Ochlodes, divided by dark veins. Upf tawny band, as
broad as outer dark band from space rb to space 5 and in
spaces 6-8: basal area tawny and double streak in cell.
Uph tawny spot end cell and broad discal area. Below,
shaded tawny: unf lower inner half dark brown and large
submarginal spots in spaces 1b—3. Unh some vague dark
markings. ¢ tripartite dark stigma. 92 paler, tawny mark-
ings restricted: unf apex greenish with whitish spots in
spaces 3, 4, 5 and 6-8: unh greenish except for tawny
abdominal fold, small yellowish spots in spaces 3-6, those
in spaces 4-5 running asa yellow streak to end cell. ¢ F
13 mm.
tinga nov: ¢ Honduras (acquired 1845): type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 type. 1 2 Venezuela (Porto Cabello, 1877).
M.16. ATALOPEDES Scudder 1872: type campestris Bois-
duval: fixed by author as huron Edwards, which is a synonym
of campestris.
Synonym. Pansydia Scudder 1872: type mesogramma
Latreille: fixed by author.
Antennae short 3% costa: apiculus 4 width of club: nudum
7/7. Palpi as Hesperia, third segment short. $ upf with the
stigma flanked by black patches and set in a large area of
specialised scales. Resembles Hesperia in facies.
la (3). Unh with a more or less obscure angled discal band
of pale spots.
1 (2). ¢ F 16mm. & upf discal spots hyaline.
338
M.16. ATALOPEDES
campestris Boisduval 1852: ¢ California: type B.M. Fig
Oberthiir: Holland: Comstock: Seitz: Klots: genitalia by
Lindsey, etc., and by Godman & Salvin.
Synonyms. huron Edwards 1863: ¢ Illinois: figured.
kedema Butler 1870: 2 ? loc: type B.M.
amphissa Plotz 1883: 3 Venezuela.
augustus Plotz 1883: 9 “Brazil”’.
flaveola Mabille 1891: 3 Porto Cabello.
B.M. 2 g 1 2 “Canada’’. 101 $ 69 2 U.S.A. (Colorado.
N. Carolina. Louisiana. Georgia. Wisconsin. Maryland.
Washington. Ohio. New Jersey. N. Dakota. Texas.
Alabama. California. Montana. Arizona. Kansas. Iowa.
Illinois. Virginia. Florida. Missouri). 15 ¢ 4 2 Mexico.
4 5 Guatemala. 2 3 Nicaragua. 22 g 11 2 Costa Rica.
i? Panama. 10 3 4 2 Colombia. 5 6 3 2 Venezuela. 1 2
Ecuador. 1 3 N. Brazil (Porto Real). 1 2 “Domingo”.
2 (1). 6 F 20mm. 9° upf discal spots opaque.
nabokovi Bell & Comstock 1948: $ Haiti: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
3 (1a). Unh with a straight continuous discal band, yellow
in ¢, white in 9.
mesogramma. 3 sub-species.
(a). Dark form with narrow markings. ¢ F 18 mm.
Sub-sp. mesogramma Latreille 1823: “Brazil”, recte 3
Cuba: type B.M. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. alameda Lucas 1857: S$ Cuba.
cunaxa Hewitson 1866: “‘N. America”’, recte ? Cuba: type
B.M. Fig Hewitson 1871: Holland 1916 from Is des Pins.
conformis Herrich-Schaffer 1869: no loc. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 56 3 30 2 Cuba. 1 2 Costa Rica. 2 ¢ 1 9 Bahamas.
(b). Brighter with broader markings. ¢ F 17 mm.
Sub-sp. apa Comstock 1944: 3 Porto Rico: 3 and genitalia
figured. B.M. 23 ¢ 6 9 Haiti.
(c). Very small, ¢ F 14 mm. Above, markings reduced,
faint. Unh white band reduced to a thread. Upf and unf
cell dark. Occurs with mesogramma, which probably is a
visitor from Cuba, while carter: breeds locally.
Sub-sp. carteri nov: ¢ Bahamas: type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ 2 2 Bahamas.
339
M.17. ATRYTONE
M.17. ATRYTONE Scudder 1872: type arogos Boisduval
& Le Conte: fixed by author as zowa Scudder, which is a
synonym of arogos.
Synonym. Anatrytone Dyar 1905: type logan Edwards: sole
species included was delaware Edwards, which is a synonym
of logan.
Antennae short, < 4 costa: club gradual = rest of shaft,
bent beyond thickest part to apiculus, which = width of
club: nudum 4/5, part on club = part on apiculus. Palpi
slender, somewhat appressed: third segment stout, conical,
as long as clothing of second segment. Mid tibiae typically
smooth, but in logan there are a number of short spines,
sometimes scaled over: hind tibiae with short spines between
the two pairs of spurs. ¢ F no stigma.
| (2). ¢ F 13 mm. Above, dull tawny with broad dark
brown borders: veins not darkened. 2 brown with a dull
tawny area on basal two-thirds above vein 3 to costa,
bisected more or less by a brown streak from lower part
of cell to the border. Unh plain yellow. Superficially very —
like vitellius Fabricius.
arogos Boisduval & Le Conte 1833: ¢ N. America: type
B.M.: figured. Fig Seitz: Holland: Klots: Lindsey, etc.,
3 genitalia.
Synonyms. zowa Scudder 1869: 3 Iowa.
mutius Plotz 1883: Georgia.
B.M. 1 3 New York. 1 ¢ 3 2 lowa. 2 9 Texasieaaeee
Florida: 6g 6 2 U.S.A.
2 (1). 6 F 15 mm. Bright tawny with dark veins, narrow
black border and usually a black bar at end cell. 2 bases
dark brown and large black spot at end cell. Unh plain.
logan 1863: 2 Philadelphia: figured. Fig Holland: Klots:
Lindsey, etc., 3 genitalia.
Synonyms. delaware Edwards 1863. Fig Seitz: Godman
& Salvin, ¢ genitalia.
lagus Edwards 1881: 3 Texas. Fig Holland.
B.M. 1 § Indiana. 1 9 Colorado. 3 31 9 Illinois. 2 919
Texas. 4 ¢ Georgia. 1 § Pennsylvania. 2 $ 1 9 Virginia.
1 $ Montana. 3 ¢ 1 2 Connecticut. 9 3 3 2 Florida. 14 g
14 9 U.S.A. 5 ¢ Mexico (Guerrero). 1 ¢ Guatemala.
340
M.19. OCHLODES
M.18. PROBLEMA Skinner & Williams 1924: type byssus
Edwards: fixed by authors.
Allied to Atrytone and Euphyes, differing principally in the
peculiar form of the clasp of the genitalia, deeply divided.
Mid tibiae smooth. g upf no stigma. Antennae, nudum 7/6.
Palpi, third segment rather long and clear of second segment.
Di@ic F 17 mm, Antennal; club black. 4° alike. Upf
basal area dark brown and a dark area at end of cell,
leaving a tawny cell spot, which in ¢ may be conjoined to
the tawny discal band. Style of clasp as long as the cuiller.
byssus Edwards 1880: ¢ Florida. Fig Holland: Seitz:
Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
Synonym. kumskaka Scudder 1887: 3 W. States.
B.M. 4 3 8 2 Florida.
2 (1). 6 F 17mm. Antennal club ochreous in front. 3$ upf
basal area not darkened, a narrow black bar at end of cell.
© like byssus, but upf tawny discal band reduced or absent
in spaces 4 and 5. Uph tawny area more extensive,
entering cell. Style of clasp shorter than cuiller.
bulenta Boisduval & Le Conte 1833: ? loc: figured. Fig
Jones 1926: Holland: Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 1 36 1QN. Carolina (Wilmington).
M.19. OCHLODES Scudder 1872: type agricola Boisduval:
fixed by author as nemorum Boisduval, which is a sub-species
of agricola. |
Antennae = 4 costa: club ovate: apiculus = width of
club: nudum 7/7. Palpi hairy, quadrantic. Legs, mid tibiae
spined. Wings broader than in Hesperia. 3 with conspic-
uous stigma upf. There are peculiar projecting processes
at the end of the aedoeagus in all the species. The genus is
Holarctic and there are 12 species in the Old World.
| (2a). 3 upf stigma grey centred. Small, g F 12-13 mm.
agricola. 3 sub-species.
(a). Dark, with well-marked hyaline spots upf.
Sub-sp. agricola Boisduval 1852: 3 California: type B.M.
Fig Oberthtir 1913: Holland: Seitz: Comstock: genitalia
by Lindsey, Bell & Williams 1931.
341
M.19. OCHLODES
Synonyms. yreka Edwards 1866: 3 California, San
Francisco.
milo Edwards 1883: ¢ Oregon, Mt Hood. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 53 3 9 2 California (Sierra Madre. Passadena. Mt
Wilson. Los Angeles. Santa Barbara. Glendale. Balboa).
24 $6 7 2 San Diego, California (rather smaller).
Colorado (Cernes).
(b). Paler: upf discal spots semi-hyaline and apical
spots faint and opaque in 3: all hyaline in 2. Uph the
tawny colouring reaches the base and the dark border is
narrow.
Sub-sp. nemorum Boisduval 1852: 3 California: type B.M.
Fig Oberthiir 1913: Seitz: Skinner.
B.M. 1 ¢ Yosemite. 5 $ 2 9 California.
(c). Smaller, ¢ F 11 mm. Light tawny, borders narrow
and faint, no trace of discal spots in ¢ upf. Unh plain.
Aedoeagus projections rather longer.
Sub-sp. verus Edwards 1881: $ Havilah, California.
B.M. 3 ¢ type loc.
2a (1). 3d upf stigma black.
2 (3a). Above, tawny with brown markings.
sylvanoides. 4 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 15 mm. Typically with tawny and brown areas
contrasting and unh well marked.
Sub-sp. sylvanoides Boisduval 1852: ¢ California: type B.M.
Fig Oberthiir 1913: Scudder 1874: Seitz: Holland: aoe
talia by Lindsey, etc., 1931.
Synonym. francisca Plotz 1883: 3 California.
B.M.~ 326 Alberta. 2% ¢ 16.9 Wueaea ae 10 6.09
Washington Territory. 2 ¢ 3 2 Nevada. 3 ¢ Oregon.
1 $ 2 2 Montana. 66 ¢ 23 2 California (Santa Barbara.
Mt Wilson. Passadena. Santa Monica. Echo Mts. Santa
Cruz. Catalina. Mt Lowe).
(b). Smaller ¢ F 12 mm. Much paler yellow above and
uph entirely yellow. 3 unh typically unmarked, but
usually with smaller markings than in sylvanoides. Wings
more produced.
Sub-sp. pratincola Boisduval 1852: 3 California: type B.M.
Fig Oberthtir 1913: Seitz.
342
M.20. BUZYGES
B.M. 25 3 26 @ California (Santa Rosa. San Bernar-
dino. ‘Tehachaki. San Diego).
(c). ¢ F 16mm. Large form of pratincola. Unh markings
broad, when present. Very variable.
Sub-sp. napa Edwards 1865: 3 Colorado: figured.
Synonym. amanda Plétz 1883: ? loc: copy of Plétz’s MS
fig in B.M. Fig in Seitz is too pale.
Biyiewo go 17° Colorado, 11 5 2 2 New Mexico, 2° 4
Ee? Utah.
(d). Form of napa with the dark borders more or less
obsolete. Larger $ F 17 mm.
Sub-sp. yuma Edwards 1874: 3 Arizona. Fig Holland.
Synonym. scuddert Skinner 1899: 3 Colorado, White
River. Fig Skinner 1goo.
B.M. 1 ¢ California (Olancha): (presented by J. W.
Tilden).
3a (2). Above, brown with pale yellow spots, hyaline on F
except for spot in space 1b.
3 (4). Unh ochreous-brown with a yellow cell spot and
a discal series. ¢ F 16 mm.
snowi. 2 sub-species.
(a). Uph pale spots usually limited to 3 and suffused.
Sub-sp. snowi Edwards 1877: ¢ Colorado. Fig Holland:
Seitz: Godman & Salvin fig is of pilza.
Peniee2s gs 5 2 Colorado. \y 4 Nebraska. 10 4 4 9
Arizona. 3 3 New Mexico.
(b). Upf markings much broader. Uph the spots large,
sharply marked and extending from space 1b to space 6.
Sub-sp. pilza nov: ¢ Pinal, Puebla, 8000 feet: April 1888:
H. J. Elwes. Fig Godman & Salvin as snowy.
B.M. 4 3 type loc.
4 (3). Unh brown: in addition to the pale discal band, a
small paler sub-basal band, followed by a dark shade.
samenta Dyar 1914: ¢ Sierra de Guerrero, Mexico. Fig
Seitz.
B.M. None.
M.20. BUZYGES Godman 1goo: type zdothea Godman:
sole species included.
a3
M.21. POANOPSIS
Antennae = #4 costa: shaft chequered, club all yellow:
club long = 4 rest of shaft, bent obtusely to the apiculus,
which = width of club: nudum 4/8. Palpi second segment
hairy, concealing short third segment. Mid tibiae with long
spines. Venation normal: H vein 1A = vein 8. No secon-
dary sexual characters.
Single species. ¢ F 15 mm. Black with a large central
tawny spot upf and 3 apical spots, which in 2 are hyaline
white: similar central tawny spot uph. Unf apex and costa
ferruginous. Unh ferruginous, with a broad yellowish
discal band. Resembles species of the genus Dalla.
idothea Godman i1goo: g Costa Rica: type B.M.: figured,
3, 2 and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. suborbicularis Mabille 1904: 3 “‘Australia”’:
type B.M.
B.M. 38 3 4 2 Costa Rica.
M.21. POANOPSIS Godman 1900: type puxillius Mabille:
fixed by author.
Antennae, palpi and legs as in Poanes: differs conspic-
uously in the broader wings. F termen almost at right
angles to the dorsum. ‘There is some difference in the clasp
of the genitalia. $ upf with a stigma from base of vein 3 to
mid vein I.
| (2). Unh brown with or without a discal band of pale
conjoined spots and a cell spot. ¢ F 13 mm. Palpi brown.
Variable spotting upf: from unmarked to white spots in
spaces 2, 3, 6-8 and cell.
puxillius Mabille 1891: ¢ Mexico. Fig Godman & Salvin,
d and genitalia, but the blurred spot in space 2 upf is due
to a rub: Seitz.
B.M. 4 ¢ Mexico (Milpas. Omilteme. Ciudad, Guerrero,
8100 feet).
2 (1). Unh light yellowish-brown with widely separated
white spots in cell and in spaces 1c-6. 3 F 15 mm. Palpi
grey. 3 upf spots in cell and spaces 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7: uph
in spaces 2 and 3: unf spots also in spaces 5, 8 and 1b.
? darker and spotting reduced.
344
M.22. POANES
pupillus Plétz 1883: ? loc. Copy of MS fig in B.M.
Synonym. catahorma Dyar 1916: 3 Mexico. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 3 Mexico (July 1921, R. Miller). 1 9 Mexico
(Bolanos, Jalisco).
M.22. POANES Scudder 1872: type massasoit Scudder:
fixed by author.
Synonyms. Phycanassa Scudder 1872: type viator Edwards:
fixed by author.
Paratrytone Dyar 1905: type aaron Skinner: fixed by author
as howard: Skinner, which is a synonym of aaron: homonym
of Paratrytone Godman. 1900.
Antennae nearly 4 costa: club stout and long = 3} of whole
shaft, bent to apiculus just beyond thickest part of club:
apiculus about = width of club: nudum 5/7, half on club.
Palpi shaggy and semi-porrect: protrusion = width of head:
third segment concealed by the long hairs of the second
segment. Mid tibiae spined. Genitalia indicate a compact
genus, allied to Paratrytone and Poanopsis.
la (3a). H produced at apex: wing length at end of vein 6
H > at end of vein F. 3 no stigma.
1 (2). g F 14mm. Above, dark brown, generally $ with-
out, 2 with, a few pale spots F and H. Unh ferruginous
brown, with a large central yellow area, which may be
more or less reduced or suffused brown in 3.
massasoit Scudder 1863: New England. Fig Seitz: Holland:
Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
Synonyms. suffusa Laurent 1892: ¢ Philadelphia.
hught Clark 1932: $ Maryland.
B.M. 50 3 18 2 (New England. California. New
York. Maine. Pennsylvania. Connecticut. New Jersey.
Colorado. Texas).
2 (1). ¢ F 18 mm. Above, dark brown with conspicuous
tawny spots upf and central area uph. Unh ochreous-
brown with yellow spot in cell, discal in spaces 2, 3, 6 and
a more or less clear broad streak in spaces 4 and 5 from
end cell to beyond the discal spots.
viator Edwards 1865: 3 New Orleans: figured. Fig Seitz 2
(3 =? aaron): Holland: Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
oa
M.22. POANES
B.M. 2 g Canada (Toronto). 9 g¢ 2 2 New Jersey. 9 3
New York. 1 3 1 2 Louisiana. 1 g¢ 1 2 Georgia. 65 29
Florida. 16 3 7 2 no loc.
3a (1a). H produced at tornus. Wing length at end of
vein 6 H < at end of vein 1 F.
3b (5a). 3 upf with a narrow grey stigma. ¢ Q above,
mostly tawny.
3 (4). dé F 15 mm. Stigma faint. Unh pale brown, faint
yellow spots in spaces 2, 3, 6 and yellowish streaks base
to termen in cell to space 4, 5 and in space 1c. Becomes
larger and darker southward.
aaroni Skinner 1890: g New Jersey. Fig Holland: Seitz:
Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
Synonym. howard Skinner 1896: ¢ Florida. Fig Seitz:
Holland.
B.M. 1 $ Pennsylvania. 9 ¢ New Jersey. 2 ¢ Maryland.
2 2 Florida.
4(3). ¢ F 17 mm. Stigma conspicuous. Unh ochreous
with yellow spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6.
yehl Skinner 1893: ¢ Florida. Fig Seitz: Holland: genitalia
by Lindsey, etc.
Synonym. baiva (Boisduval MS) Butler: no loc. Name
published by Butler 1870 (Ent. Mon. Mag. 7: 93) without
description and Boisduval as the author.
B.M> 2: g Wexas: 2 4 no lae:
5a (3b). 3 upf no stigma.
5b (10a). g above, mostly tawny.
5 (6a). S$ unh with a large central yellow area from vein 1A
to costa, unmarked and inwardly straight-edged: F dark
bar at end of cell conspicuous. 2 dimorphic. First form
like 3, but dark areas more extensive. Second form (poca-
hontas), above, dark brown with a variable number of
whitish discal spots F and H, always with one near end
cell (absent in similar females of other species): unh dark
brown with more or less vague indication of the pale
central area of the ¢. ¢ F 15 mm.
hobomok Harris 1862: $ Massachusetts: figured. Fig Seitz:
Holland: Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
346
M.22. POANES
Synonyms. pocahontas Scudder 1863: 9 Massachusetts.
Fig Holland: Klots.
quadaquina Scudder 1863: 2 Massachusetts. Fig Holland.
friedlet Watson 1920: 2 New York.
pallida Watson 1921: 3 New York.
alfaratta Holland 1931: @ Kansas: figured.
ridings Chermock 1940: $ Manitoba.
B.M. 20 3g 15 2 Canada (Ottawa. Manitoba. Toronto.
Nova Scotia. New Brunswick. Montreal). 128 3 59 9
U.S.A. (Ohio. Iowa. Pennsylvania. New Hampshire.
Massachusetts. New York. Maine. Connecticut. N.
Carolina. Missouri. Illinois. Virginia. ‘Texas. Wiscon-
sin. New Jersey. California. Florida).
pocahontas 2 form. 6 Canada (Ottawa). 31 U.S.A. (New
York. New Jersey. New England. Pennsylvania. Con-
necticut).
6a (5). 3d unh without such a central yellow area.
6b (8a). Uph veins not darkened on the tawny area.
6 (7). Unh dark markings on the yellow area less macular,
uppermost spot (in space 7) of the submarginal series is
against the termen. 2 upf dark brown with tawny spots,
which may be conjoined to a tawny discal area: uph with
a tawny central area: unf mostly tawny and unh grey-
brown with faint paler markings. ¢ F 17 mm.
taxiles. 2 sub-species.
(a). As described above.
Sub-sp. taxiles Edwards 1881: $ Arizona. Fig Seitz: Com-
stock: Holland: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
Pevie27 oS. 2 Colorado. 1 6 1 2 Ohio. 5 5 2.2 Vexas.
13 d6 10 2 Arizona. 1 $ Nebraska. 1 $ Utah. 1 2 Iowa.
9 5 4 9 New Mexico. 5 3 42 U.S.A.
(b). 9 Above and below, darker, particularly at base unf
and unh paler markings vestigial. F 18 mm.
Sub-sp. psaumis Godman 1908: 2 Mexico: type B.M.:
figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 2 2 Mexico (Bolafios. Jalisco).
7 (6). g unh dark markings on the yellow area more macular,
uppermost spot of the submarginal series is away from the
yellow termen. ¢ dark brown with yellowish-white discal
A.H.— 23 347
M.22. POANES
spots, no cell spot: uph a faint ochreous cell spot and a
discal band. Unh upper half of termen grey scaled: unh
ferruginous, with lilac-grey scaling obscuring the ochreous
cell spot and discal band. g.F 15 mm.
zabulon Boisduval & Le Conte 1829: ? loc: type B.M.:
figured. Fig Seitz: Skinner 1900: Klots: genitalia by
Lindsey, etc.
Synonyms. erratica Plotz 1883: Guatemala. Copy of
Plotz’s MS fig in B.M.
ogeechensis Scudder 1889: = zabulon.
B.M. 6 35 ¢ Canada (Ottawa). 55 ¢ 18 2 U.S.A. (Ohio.
New York. Delaware. Pennsylvania. Illinois. Montana.
Virginia. Texas. Georgia. N. Carolina. Florida). 16 3
1 9 Mexico (Guerrero. Jalapa. Orizaba). 12 g 1 Q
Guatemala. 44 3 5 2 Costa Rica. 2 ¢ Panama.
8a (6b). Uph veins on disc darkened.
8 (9g). 3 upf discal spots in spaces 4, 5 and apical spots
in spaces 6-8 detached from the discal band. Unh like
zabulon, but base not darkened and the dark markings
fainter. 9 above, as 3, but the apical spots F are hyaline.
Unh grey-brown like 2 taxiles, with blurred yellow discal
and central spots. ¢ F 15 mm.
azin Godman 1900: ¢ Colombia: type B.M. Seitz wrongly
quotes Mabille as the author.
Synonym. 7ichteri Bell 1947: ¢ Colombia: genitalia figured.
B.M. 31 3 5 2 Colombia.
9 (8). 3 upf the tawny discal area absorbs the spots in
spaces 4-8. 2 like zabulon 2°, but upf the spots are smaller
and better separated. Unh discal dark ferruginous spots
are not densely overlaid with lilac-grey scales. ¢ F 13 mm.
rolla Mabille 1883: S. America. Fig Godman & Salvin,
$ and genitalia: Seitz.
Synonyms. zachaeus Plotz 1883: 2 Surinam.
piso Plétz 1886: 3 Panama.
B.M. 12 3g 6 2 Costa Rica. 9 ¢ Panama.
10a (5b). 3 above, dark brown: upf centrally bronzy and
sometimes indications of discal spots.
ro (11). Unf broad pale yellow tornal area in space 1b
surmounted by two much smaller pale spots in spaces 2
348
M.23. PARATRYTONE
and 3 and in 92 there are small spots in spaces 4, 5 and
6-8, which may appear faintly in g. g¢ F 15 mm.
inimica Butler & Druce 1872: 3 Costa Rica: type B.M.
Fig Godman & Salvin, 3, 2 and genitalia: Seitz.
Pavan 6 7 2 Nlexico. 31g 4 9 Guatemala. 17 3 9 9
Costa Rica. 3 ¢ Panama. 15 ¢ 10 2 Colombia. 4 3 2 9
Venezuela.
Il (10). Unf the broad pale area in space 1b continued full
width to cell and in ¢ to behind the dark bar closing end
of cell. ¢ F 16 mm.
lupulina Pl6tz 1883: ? loc.
Boia 3 Costa Rica.-17 ¢ 2 2 Colombias. 4.3 19
Venezuela.
M.23. PARATRYTONE Godman 1goo: type rhexenor
Godman 1900: fixed by author.
Has the same shaggy palpi, spined mid tibiae, form of
genitalia as Poanes, differing only in the shorter antennal
club, which = 4 instead of 4 of the whole shaft. One species
based on a single female has been included at the end of the
key, pending discovery of the male. 3 upf with a stigma in
some species.
| (2a). Unh no white band. ¢ upf no stigma. Upf and uph
with tawny discal spots, which in 2 are nearly white upf.
Unh ferruginous with an angled yellow band in 3, which
in @ is obscured by dense greyish scaling.
melane. 3 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 15 mm. Upf overlaid with dark tawny scales: uph
discal tawny spots large and diffuse.
Sub-sp. melane Edwards 1869: ¢ California. Fig Holland:
Seitz: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 46 6 15 2 California.
(b). ¢ F 16 mm. Darker due to reduction of tawny
scaling: uph spots small, sharply defined or absent.
Sub-sp. vitellina Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc: copy of
Plétz’s MS fig in B.M. Fig Godman & Salvin as melane.
mele 271.6 4 9 Mexico (Las Vegas. Pinal, Puebla.
Guerrero. Mt Durango. Guadalajara. Amecameca.
Xucumanatlan).
SAY)
M.23. PARATRYTONE
(c). ¢ F 14 mm. As witellina but markings broader and
much more conspicuous.
Sub-sp. poa nov: ¢ Mt Poas, Costa Rica: type B.M.
B.M. 1 $3 Guatemala. 9 3 4 2 Costa Rica. 1 ¢ Panama.
2a (1). Unh with a white band.
2b (4a). Unh the white band runs from mid space tc
towards apex. ¢ upf with a discal stigma.
2 (3). 3d upf with a white cell spot. Uph with pale yellow
cell and discal spots. Unh brown with dense olive scaling
rendering the cell spot and the discal band faint. 3 F
17 mm.
polyclea Godman 1907: 3 Mexico: type B.M.: figured.
B.M. Only the type.
3 (2). gd upf no cell spot. Unh rich dark brown, silvery spot
in cell and a discal row from space 1b to space 4 and in
space 6.
argentea Weeks 1go1: ¢ Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1906.
B.M. None.
4a (2b). Unh the white band (or row of spots) runs from
near the tornus to mid costa.
4b (9g). Unh discal markings commence in space Ic and
are not continuous.
4c (6a). 3 upf with a stigma. Unh with irregular spots.
4 (5). Unh (type) an elongate black-edged white spot in
space 2 and a similar spot in cell, which is centrally con-
stricted: some yellow scaling at end of space 1c, large yellow
spot in spaces 4-5, faint yellow oblique streak in space 6
and a yellow dash in space 7, no spot at base of space 7:
ground colour reddish-brown. Godman’s figure was taken
from a specimen on loan, which had the spots unh much
more developed, including a spot at base of space 7 and
in space 3. Uph yellow spots in spaces 2, 3 and 4-5.
$ F 16 mm.
rhexenor Godman 1900: 3 Mexico, Milpas 5900 feet:
figured, ¢ from Las Vegas specimen in coll Schaus,
genitalia from type.
B.M. Only the type (3 ¢ 1 2 in coll Schaus).
5 (4). Unh the spots all of the same colour, yellowish-white,
and none of them elongate. ¢ F 16 mm.
35°
M.23. PARATRYTONE
aphractoia Dyar 1914: 3 Mexico, Popacatapetl Park, 13,000
feet big’ Sertz.
B.M. 3 2 “Mexico: R. Miiller’’.
6a (4c). 3g upf no stigma. Unh the white band compact,
cut by dark veins and centrally angled outwards in
spaces 4-5.
6 (7a). Unh with a white spot in cell. Unf subtornal spot
in space 1b very large. Upf with spots in spaces 4 and 5.
Uph a faint whitish discal band. Plétz had two figures
(copies in B.M.): No. 679 2, upf with cell spot, unh spots
small and wide apart: No. 679a, 3, upf no cell spot, unh
band broad as in monticola. Seitz figures upperside of
No. 679 and underside of No. 679a. Godman 1907 con-
sidered the figures referred to 2 different species. ¢ F
16 mm.
ulphila Plotz 1883: Mexico. Fig Seitz.
B.M. None.
7a (6). Unh no white spot in cell: spots of discal band
contiguous and ground colour is reddish between end of
cell and the band. Unf no white spot in cell or in spaces 4
and 5: spot in space 1b usually absent in 3; small, oblique
and double in 9. Uph unmarked.
7 (8). Upf spots pale yellow. Cilia whitish on H and at
tornus F, rest of F brown. Apex H not produced. Unf
costa more or less broadly ochreous. 9 below, upper part
of termen F and H grey scaled. ¢ F 15 mm.
monticola Godman 1900: 3 Mexico: type B.M.: figured,
¢ and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 12 3 4 9 Mexico (Las Vegas. Amecameca. Aguas
Callientes).
8 (7). Upf spots white. Cilia white throughout F and H.
Apex H produced, > dorsum F. $ F 17 mm.
niveolimbus Mabille 1889: Guatemala: figured. Fig God-
man & Salvin, $ and genitalia.
B.M. 5 3 Guatemala.
9 (4b). Unh brown, yellowish-white band commences in
space 2 at termen, runs straight and not divided by dark
veins to mid costa: grey scaling external to the band
between veins 2 and 7. Above, brown, bases paler: cilia
352
M.24. CHORANTHUS
whitish at tornus H, elsewhere ferruginous. Upf hyaline
white spots in spaces 2, 3, 6-8 in line, outer dot in 5, and
in cell: opaque dash over mid vein 1. Uph transverse
band of white spots in spaces 3-6. Unf brown, costa
ferruginous: spots as upf, but none in space 1b: termen
broadly grey scaled from apex to vein 2. Structure as
rhexenor, but second segment of palpi longer and more
porrect. Antennal shaft and club yellowish-white below.
Palpi below, yellowish-white turning ferruginous towards
Lip: 2c) 26. mm,
barroni nov: 2 Zamora, Ecuador, 3-4000 feet: O. T.
Barron: type B.M.
M.24. CHORANTHUS Scudder 1872: type radians Lucas:
fixed by author.
Antennae 3 costa: club bent beyond thickest part to the
apiculus, which is about equal to width of club: nudum 5/8.
Palpi, second segment slender, hairy: third longer than hairs
of second segment, slender, pointed. Mid tibiae smooth or
with short, inconspicuous spines. ¢ typically with a narrow
stigma upf. Choranthus is the West Indies development of
Poanes. ‘The genitalia indicate that, except for magdalia and
batesi, there is an obvious generic affinity. magdalia has 3
conspicuous spines on the mid tibiae and rather different
genitalia. bates: has genitalia more like Poanes, but the mid
tibiae are insignificantly spined as in radians.
la (4a). Unh yellow or pale brownish-grey, wings rounded.
I (2a). Small, ¢ F 1o mm. Tawny, with narrow dark
borders, broader in 2. 3 with a narrow stigma. Antennae
< 4 costa: nudum 6/6.
magdalia Herrich-Schaffer 1863: Cuba. Fig Seitz.
BoM. 31. ¢-779o Cuba:
2a (1). Larger, ¢ F 14-15 mm. Mid tibiae smooth.
2 (3). d upf no stigma. Above, tawny with a dark brown
patch about end cell F and dark borders, veins darkened
before border. Below, yellow except for a black basal area
unf and sometimes a black bar at end of cell. 92° as 3g, but
a 2 from St Thomas has an underside as described for
haitensis.
337
M.24. CHORANTHUS
vitellius Fabricius 1793: C. American Islands. Fig Hiibner
3 @: Seitz (wings too pointed ? = perfida): Godman
& Salvin, 3 and genitalia.
Synonyms. Atibnert Plotz 1883: W. Indies.
insularis Mabille 1891: 3 St ‘Thomas: type B.M.
portensis Mabille 1891: 2 Porto Rico.
commodus Kirby 1903: for vitellus Hiibner, considered
erroneously to bea different species from vitellius Fabricius.
B.M. 1 3 Porto Rico. 7 ¢ no loc (ex coll Kaden and coll
Felder, probably Porto Rico). 4 ¢ 1 2 St Thomas. 2 3
Guatemala. 1 9 Florida. 1 2 Amazons.
3 (2). 3 upf with a stigma: otherwise as vitellius. 2 unf
border and unh, except for the orange dorsal fold, pale
brownish-grey. Genitalia as wvitellius, which it seems to
replace.
haitensis Skinner 1920: ¢ Haiti. Fig Comstock 1944.
By viggs 6.0 & Flaiti.
4a (1a). Unh dark. 3 upf with a discal stigma. Wings more
produced. |
4 (5a). Unh dorsum broadly orange. ¢ F 15 mm. Mid
tibiae feebly spined.
radians. 2 forms.
(a). Above, tawny areas broad. Unh veins conspicuously
yellow on the dark ground.
Form. radians Lucas 1857: Cuba. Fig Seitz: Williams
1931. |
Synonyms. magica Plétz 1883: Cuba.
streckert Skinner 1893: 3d Florida. Fig Skinner 1g11.
av 43.5 13 2 Cuba.
(b). Darker. Above, tawny areas much reduced. Unh
yellow veins absent or faint. Grades to radians.
Form. ammonia Pl6tz 1883: ? loc. Fig Williams 1931.
Synonym. bellus Draudt 1924: 2 Cuba.
B.M. 17 3 8 2 Cuba.
5a (4). Unh dorsum black or unicolorous with rest of wing.
5b (7). Unh no green colouring. Mid tibiae smooth.
5 (6). 3 upf dark tawny decreasing discal spots in spaces
tb, 2 and 3 widely separated from the apical spots in
353
M.25. MELLANA
spaces 6-8: tawny colour in cell, not reaching end of cell.
2 upf cell dark: discal spots reduced and apical spots may
be absent. Unh dark ferruginous brown. ¢ F 18 mm.
lilliae Bell 1931: 3 Jamaica: genitalia figured. 3 2 fig by
Avinoff and Shoumatoff 1941: |
B.M. 5 3 Jamaica.
6 (5). 3d upf tawny discal band lighter, broad and contin-
uous from vein 1b to costa, as broad as the dark border:
@ with separated spots, resembling 2 /illiae. Unh 3
bronzy: 2 dull ferruginous brown, streaky. ¢F 16-18 mm.
borincona Watson 1937: 2 Porto Rico. 9 fig De Witz 1877
as situs: 3 and genitalia fig Comstock 1944.
Synonym. hesperia Comstock 1944: nomen nudum
Wolcott 1936, put as = borincona.
B.M. None.
7 (5b). Unh brown, overlaid green: 3 discal black spots.
Mid tibiae feebly spined. Upf stigma grey. Above, 3
marked as lillae 3, but spots in spaces 2 and 3 semi-
hyaline, only a streak in space 1b. Unf base costa and
apex bright green: also head and thorax. ¢ F 16 mm.
batesi Bell 1935: g¢ Haiti: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
M.25. MELLANA Hayward 1948: type clavus Erichson:
fixed by author as mella Godman, which is a synonym of
clavus.
Antennae i costa: club = + shaft, bent beyond thickest
part to an apiculus slightly longer than width of club: nudum
5/8. Palpi smooth, appressed to face: third segment short,
conical and bare. Mid tibiae sparsely spined. ¢ no secon-
dary sexual characters.
A compact genus in respect of structure, facies and geni-
talia. For satisfactory determination an examination of the
S genitalia is needed. ‘The material available is scanty.
la (17). Unh plain, no dark border.
tb (16). Above, tawny areas cut by dark veins.
Ic (12a). 3g above, tawny area broad on both wings.
1d (7a). 3g upf spots at apex form part of a series of streaks
354
M.25. MELLANA
from spaces 6-11, joining up with the tawny costal area.
1e (3a). ¢ upf cell entirely tawny or red: inner edge of the
dark outer border irregular.
I (2). g above, entirely orange red except for narrow dark
brown outer borders, dark veins, dark dash beyond end
cell upf and a dark costal border uph. Below, entirely
ochreous, except on unf a dark basal area, bar defining end
cell and a smudge at tornus. H cilia red, turning brown
on upper half F. g F 14 mm.
nayana Bell 1941: $ Mexico: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 $ Mexico (Guerrero).
2 (1). 3 above, light tawny, cilia pale yellow. Below, pale
yellow. Unf basal and tornal dark areas linked along
space 1a. 2 with broader borders. ¢ F 16 mm.
perfida Moschler 1878: ¢ Colombia. Fig Seitz and fig of
vitellus on plate 182e looks more like perfida than vitellius:
the figure by Hayward 1951 of mella might be of perfida.
B.M. 1 ¢ Colombia. 3 3 Bolivia. 1 g¢ Goyaz. 2 ¢ Matto
Grosso. I 3 1 2 Paraguay.
3a (1e). 3g upf cell more or less darkened.
3 (4a). 3d upf inner edge of dark border even: cell darkened
along its lower edge: dark border more or less interrupted
in spaces 4-5. Light tawny. ¢ Fi6mm. 2 like 3, tawny
areas reduced. Unh abdominal fold (space 1b) more or
less black. |
clavus Erichson 1848: $ Br Guiana.
Synonyms. mella Godman 1goo: 3 Panama: type B.M.:
figured ¢ and genitalia: Hayward 1951, 3, 2 and genitalia,
? = perfida.
gladohs Dyar 1914: 3 Br Guiana.
barbara Williams & Bell 1931: 3 Dutch Guiana: fig 3, 9
and genitalia.
flavens Hayward 1940: ¢ Argentine. Fig 1951, ¢ and
Genitalia. +
Evie nt Mexico, 54 Panama.) 25 112 Colombia.
3 6 Trinidad. 1 3 Br Guiana. 1 Q Ecuador (Paramba).
id een kio: Colorado). vg Bolivia. 2's 2 2) Para, 1 g
Rio Madeira. 1 § Minas Geraes. 4 $ Matto Grosso. 1 3
2 9 Paraguay.
395
M.25. MELLANA
4a (3). 3d upf inner edge of dark border irregular: cell
darkened by a more or less developed central black line.
4b (6). Above, gue as: and cilia H, red. Unh reddish-
ochreous. 3 Fy 5m
4.(5)2 1d upired Hel over vein I conjoined to the red
discal band.
fieldi Bell 1942: $ Guatemala: fig genitalia.
BM. 3.6 1-2:Costa: Rica.
5 (4). 3 red streak over vein 1 upf widely separated from
the discal band: red markings reduced.
sista nov: 3 Venezuela (received 1847): type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
6 (4b). Above, markings light tawny. Unh yellow. 3 F
15-16 mm. Very like eulogius.
balsa Bell 1942: ¢ Balsas, Guerrero, Mexico: genitalia
figured.
B.M. 1 3 Mexico. 1 $ Nicaragua. 1 $ Colombia. 2 ¢
Venezuela.
7a (1d). 3 upf spots at apex in spaces 6-8 separated, though
the ochreous colouring along the costa may extend as far
as these spots.
7b (11). Upf and unf cell spot absent or faint.
7c (ga). Antennae, in front and below, with the shaft and
the club yellow, segments on shaft separated by a narrow
black ring. Markings light tawny. Uph spots in spaces 5
and 6 much smaller than the remaining spots of the band.
7 (8). 3g F 15 mm. Tawny markings smaller, but very
variable. Upf spot in space 2 generally not reaching the
base of that space. Uph cell spot small and well separated
from the discal spots. 2 brown with fainter markings upf
and absent uph.
eulogius Plotz 1883: ¢ Mexico. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. mellona Godman 1900: $ Mexico: type B.M.:
figured ¢ and genitalia.
heberia Dyar 1914: Br Guiana.
? mullert Bell 1942: 3 Mexico: genitalia figured. .
B.M. 10 $ Mexico (Guerrero. Valladolid. Atoyac, Vera
Cruz). 2 ¢ Guatemala. 1 2 Honduras. 2 ¢ 4 9 Panama.
2 $ Colombia. 5 ¢.1 9 Venezuela. 1 ¢ Trinidad. 1 $ Br
356
M.25. MELLANA
Guiana. 1 ¢ Bolivia (Santiago de Chiquitos). 1 ¢ Espirito
Santo. 1 3d Paraguay.
8 (7). 3 F 17, wings produced. Tawny markings larger.
Upf spot in space 2 always reaches base of that space.
Uph cell spot long, only separated by a dark vein from
the discal spots. Unh redder. Lower spur of cuiller
differently placed.
mexicana Bell 1942: 3 Vera Cruz, Mexico: genitalia figured.
B.M. 2 $ Mexico (Orizaba. Atoyac, Vera Cruz). 2 3
Guatemala.
9a (7c). Antennae, in front and below, chequered, more
black than yellow. Markings red. Uph spot in space 5
small or absent, spot in space 5 as long as the spot in
space 4. Above, dark: upf base costa scaled dark ochreous,
cell with 2 faint spots near end. ¢ F 15 mm.
9 (10). Uph cell spot and spot in space 6 present. ‘Tip of
cuiller sharply pointed.
pazina nov: ¢ Bolivia, Yungas—La Paz, 3000 feet: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
10 (9). Uph cell spot and spot in space 6 absent. Tip of
cuiller broad and rounded. ¢ F 15 mm.
noka nov: ¢ no loc, ex coll Felder: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
[1 (7b). Upf and unf with a conspicuous, sharply marked
yellow cell spot. ¢ F 15 mm. 2 as 3, markings rather
smaller.
monica Pl6tz 1886: Blumenau. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. ? gala Godman 1900: $ Mexico: figured.
B.M. 2 6125S. Brazil (Novo Friborgo. Sao Paulo).
12a (1c). g above, generally with only 3 spots upf, in spaces
tb, 2 and 3, and a small tawny patch on the disc uph.
12b (15). Upf spots in spaces 2 and 3 overlapping.
12 (13a). Unh and apex unf, light dull green.
myron. 3 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 14mm. Lower spur on cuiller faint. Upf mark-
ings pale yellow and conspicuous, 2 dots in cell and 2 at
apex. Uph dot in cell and short dashes in spaces 2, 3, 4
and 5. Unf with a lower cell spot: spot in space 1b as
30/
M.25. MELLANA
wide as the spot in space 2. 9 above, dark brown, spots
white, no ochreous scaling. Upf no spot in cell, may be
one at apex. Unf spot in space 1b elongate, longer than
spot in space 2.
Sub-sp. myron Godman 1900: 3 Mexico: type B.M.:
figured 3, 9, genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 2 3 3 2 Mexico (Atoyac, Vera Cruz). 1 3 Nica-
ragua. 1 9 Costa Rica.
(b). $ 16 mm. Central spur on cuiller conspicuous in-
stead of faint as myron and vinia. Upf tawny areas much
darker: generally a lower cell spot, always present unf in
g$ and 9.
Sub-sp. verba nov: $ Ecuador, Balzapamba: type B.M.
B.M. 1 2 Costa Rica. 5 ¢ 1 29 Colombia. 2 3 Br Guiana.
2 3 Ecuador (Balzapamba).
(c). g$ F 15 mm. Upf markings pale yellow, much
reduced, no cell or apical spots.
Sub-sp. inconspicua Hayward 1950: 3 Bolivia: genitalia
figured.
B.M. 1 3 Peru (Chanchamayo).
13a (12). Unh dull ochreous or pale brown. Small, 3 F
13 mm.
13 (14). Above, markings small and pale yellow, white in
2: upf no cell or apical spots. Unf spot in space rb small
in 3, large in 2. Below, pale brown, violet flush in @.
angra nov: ¢ Para: H. W. Bates: type B.M.
B.M. 1 g¢ Venezuela. 1 g Ecuador. 1 $ Peru (Perene).
1 ¢ Para. 1 § Espirito Santo. 1 2 Rio Grande.
14 (13). Above, markings bright tawny in ¢ and 2: upf
apical spots present and usually a spot in space 4: uph
with short tawny streaks on disc. Unf apex and all unh
greenish-ochreous. Unf spot in space 1b small, absent
im 2.
helva Moschler 1876: 9 Surinam. Fig Godman & Salvin,
3, 2, genitalia: Seitz, 3.
Synonym. sethos Mabille 1889: 3 Chiriqui: type B.M.:
figured.
B.M. 1 3$ Nicaragua. 7 g 1 2 Panama. 2 $ Colombia.
2 g Venezuela.
358
M.25. MELLANA
15 (12b). Upf spot in space 3 detached outwards, not
over-lapping or contiguous to the spot in space 2. g¢ F
15 mm.
meridiani. 2 sub-species.
(a). Dark. Upf spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3, dull yellow,
small and equal. Uph usually plain. Unf apex and all unh
dark greenish-brown. Unf spot in space 1b small.
Sub-sp. pandora Hayward 1940: 3S Ecuador, Rio Upano:
genitalia figured.
B.M. 2 ¢ Br Guiana. 2 g Ecuador (Quito). 1 3 Peru
(Yahuarmayo). 1 3 Bolivia (Rio Songo).
(b). Brighter. Upf spots bright tawny, larger and with
tiny spots in spaces 4 and 6-8: costa narrowly dark
ochreous. Uph conspicuous short discal spots in spaces 2,
3, 4.and 5. Unf apex and all unh brownish-ochreous: unf
with spot in cell and large spot in space 1b.
Sub-sp. meridiani Hayward 1934: 2 Argentine: figured.
Fig Hayward 1951, 3, 2 and genitalia.
Synonym. vicana Bell 1941: 3S Paraguay: genitalia
figured.
B.M. 1 3 Parana. 2 ¢ Argentine (Misiones).
16 (1b). 3g above, tawny areas not divided by dark veins.
¢ F 13 mm. Upf broad tawny costal streak to end cell:
tapering discal band space 1b—4 and 6, 7: may be small
lower cell spot: band continued along vein 1 to base. Uph
broad discal tawny area, reaching end cell: may be a small
cell spot. Below, entirely yellow except for a narrow dark
area unf before end cell, under basal half of cell, at tornus
in spaces 1b, 2 and along space 1a. Cilia yellow. 2 tawny
markings reduced and band upf cut by dark veins.
villa nov: 3 Teffe, Amazons: type B.M. Fig by Lindsey
1928 from Br Guiana as eudesmia.
Davigenns) Venezuela, 2.6 Br Guiana, 1 3g Fr iGuiana.
1 § Peru (San Gaban. 17 3 3 ¢ Amazons (Iquitos—Para).
1 g Matto Grosso.
17 (1a). Unh with a brown border, interrupted in space tc
by the intrusion of the yellow discal band, basal area
shaded. Above, narrow tawny discal band cut by dark
veins. Upf band outwardly excavate in space 1b: a yellow
55Y)
M.26. LIBRITA
dot in lower part of cell. Uph a yellow cell spot. 3 F
13 mm. ;
rivula 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf discal band ends in space 6; broad in space 1b.
Unh discal yellow band inwardly bordered by dark spots
in spaces 1b, base of space 2 and end cell.
Sub-sp. amicus Bell 1942: g Ecuador, Balzapamba: geni-
talia figured.
B.M. 2 $ Ecuador (Chimbo. La Chima).
(b). Upf discal band continued to space 8 and spots
present in spaces g and 10 on costa. Unh a dark-ringed
yellow cell spot.
Sub-sp. rivula Mabille 1891: 3 Teffe, Amazons: MS fig of
type in B.M.
B.M. None.
M.26. LIBRITA Evans (p. 302): type brita Plétz: fixed
by author.
Antennae 4 costa: club + shaft, conspicuously chequered:
nudum 6/7: apiculus as long as width of club. Palpi hairy,
concealing third segment. ¢ upf with broad, conspicuous
stigma.
(2093): Mid tibiae smooth. 3 upf stigma broad, grey,
continuous: vein 1 bent up at stigma. ¢ F 15 mm. Above,
tawny with dark veins and outer border, as well as a dark
area beyond end cell F. Unh shaded tawny: unf 3 pale
apical spots and unh small faint yellow spots in cell and
discal row. 2 above, brown: upf yellow spot in space 1b:
white hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3, 6-8 and 2 in cell: uph
faint yellow cell spot and discal row in spaces 2-6: unh
greenish-brown, spots as above.
librita Plotz 1886: g¢ Panama. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. hecale Godman 1goo: 3 Mexico: type B.M.:
figured ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 9 3g Mexico (Jalapa. Guerrero. Orizaba). 1 ¢$
Guatemala. 1 2 Honduras.
2 (1. 3). Mid tibiae spined. 3g upf stigma broad grey,
bipartite. ¢ F 15 mm. Above, dark brown with some
ochreous scaling. Upf tawny spots in cell, spaces 3 and
360
M.27. HALOTUS
6-8. Uph tawny spots in cell and discal in spaces 2-6.
Cilia tawny. Below, shaded reddish except for black lower
half F and abdominal fold H. Unf with additional tawny
spot in space 2 and unh faint yellow spots as on uph.
heras Godman 1900: ¢ Mexico: type B.M.: figured, ¢ and -
genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 5 ¢ Mexico (Omilteme. Guerrero).
3 (1. 2). Mid tibiae spined. 2 F 18 mm. As 9 of hbrita,
but upf single spot across cell: uph no cell spot: unh
ochreous-brown, very faint discal spots and spot in cell.
raspa nov: 2 Ecuador, Zamora: 3500 feet: O. T. Barron:
type B.M.
B.M. 2 2 Ecuador (type loc).
M.27. HALOTUS Godman 1900: type angellus Plétz: sole
species included was saxula Mabille, a synonym of angellus.
Antennae rather longer than 4 costa: club + shaft: nudum
4/9, apiculus = width club. Palpi typically shaggy, third
segment short. Mid tibiae spined and back of all tibiae
hairy. Cilia conspicuously chequered.
| (2). Upf spots white, in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8: may be
yellowish spot in space 1b. ¢ F short bipartite dark
stigma. Uph plain. Unf extensive yellowish area in space
tb, a pale discal area in spaces 4—5, may be inconspicuous.
Unh variegated: dark brown with some pale ochreous and
violet scaling: yellowish discal band space 1c—5, a large
spot in spaces 6, 7, small spots in cell and near base of
spaces Icand 7. $ F 16 mm.
angellus Plé6tz 1886: Chiriqui. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. saxula Mabille 1891: 2 Cooktown: MS fig of
type in B.M. Fig Godman & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 3 3 Costa Rica. 7 ¢ 1 9 Panama (Chiriqui).
2 (1). Upf spots tawny, larger and a spot across cell. 3
tripartite dark stigma. Uph tawny discal spot in spaces 2,
3, 4-5 and faint cell spot. Unf yellowish area in space 1b
and a violet-grey discal area in spaces 4-5. Unh markings
as in angellus but paler (nearly white), broader and more
conspicuous. ¢ F 18mm. @ as 6.
361
M.28. EUPHYES
rica Bell 1942: 3 Costa Rica: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 2 Guatemala. 1 g¢ Ecuador (Zamora).
M.28. EUPHYES Scudder 1872: type vestris Boisduval:
fixed by author as metacomet Harris, which is a synonym of
vestris.
Synonyms. Arvotis Mabille 1904: type strene Mabille: sole
species included.
Pereneia Lindsey 1925: type pandora Lindsey: fixed by
author. :
Antennae short not > $ costa: club long = # shaft:
nudum 6/8—7/9, length on club = length on apiculus. Palpi
flattened: third segment short, stout, pointed. Mid tibiae
completely smooth. Wings produced: H vein 1a = vein 2
and > vein 8. ¢ upf generally with a stigma from base of
vein 3 to mid vein 1: typically broad and only divided at
vein 2. Genitalia of a similar type: gnathos broad, undivided:
uncus divided.
la (ga. 11a). Species confined to the U.S.A.
1 (2a). Above, head and tegulae bright orange. Below,
pectus white and palpi white, orange tipped. 3 above,
mostly tawny: 2 brown, with ochreous discal and apical
spots. Unh bright orange, unmarked. $ F 20 mm.
arpa Boisduval & Le Conte 1829: ¢ N. America: type B.M.:
figured. Fig Seitz: Holland: Klots: genitalia by Lindsey,
ete.
B.M. 25 3 9 2 Florida. 1 9 Nebraska.
2a (1). Above, head and tegulae brown or ochreous-brown.
2b (7a). Uph with tawny markings more or less developed.
2 (3a). Unh plain ochreous-brown. Above, tawny area
very extensive: $ no separated apical spots: 9 tawny discal
band as broad as the brown border. 3 F 21 mm.
pilatka Edwards 1867: 3 Florida. Fig Holland: Seitz:
Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
Synonym. floridensis Plétz 1883: 3 Florida.
B.M. 11 3 5 @ Florida. 1 2 Georgia.
3a (2). Unh more or less marked or with pale veins.
3b (5a). Unh with 2 long pale rays from base to termen,
one through cell and spaces 4 and 5, the other in space Ic.
362
M.28. EUPHYES
Uph ochreous markings consist of a long spot in spaces 4
and 5.
3 (4). Upf with a tawny discal band and apical spots.
g F 16 mm.
dion. 2 sub-species.
(a). Normally marked form.
Sub-sp. dion Edwards 1879: 3S Nebraska. Fig Seitz:
Holland: Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 6 349 Ohio. 1 3 1 8 Iowa. 1 § Rocky Mountains.
Bee SU
(b). Much darkened.
Sub-sp. alabamae Lindsey 1923: ¢ Alabama. Fig Clark
IQ5I.
B.M. None.
4 (3). Upf discal band consists of faint spots in spaces 2 and
3, no apical spots. ¢ F 18 mm.
dukesi Lindsey 1923: ¢ Alabama. Fig Holland: Klots:
genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 2 3 1 2 Alabama.
5a (3b). Unh without long pale rays. Uph ochreous mark-
ings consist of 1 to 4 spots.
5 (6). Unh veins not pale: discal ochreous band from uph
repeated. 3g 15-18 mm.
conspicua Edwards 1863: $ Michigan: figured. Fig Klots:
genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
Synonyms. pontiac Edwards 1863: ¢ Illinois: figured.
Fig Seitz: Holland.
orono Scudder 1872: N. States.
buchholzi Ehrlich & Gillham 1951: 3 Nebraska. Larger,
but change seems clinal.
Peni ¢ Olio, 3 ¢ 2 2 Indiana. jv 2 Texas, 273.1 9
Wisconsin. 1 $ Massachusetts. 1 9 Iowa. 1 3 Michigan.
6 3 3 9 New York. 6 5 2 2 New Jersey. 2 $ Connecticut.
3 6 Pennsylvania. 1 2 “Costa Rica”’.
6 (5). Unh veins pale, unmarked brown. ¢ F 18 mm.
berryi Bell 1941: $ Monticello, Florida: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
7a (2b). Uph unmarked.
hee 363
M.28. EUPHYES
7 (8). H cilia white, running along dorsum to base. 3 upf
a tawny discal band and more or less tawny between the
band and the base. 2 upf dark brown with white spots in
spaces 2, 3 and faint spots at apex. Unh pale ochreous-
brown with inconspicuous white veins. g¢ F 15 mm.
bimacula Grote & Robinson 1867: 2 Philadelphia. Fig
Seitz: Holland: Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
Synonyms. acanootus Scudder 1868: 2 Massachusetts.
illinois Dodge 1872: 3 Llinois.
contradicta Leussler 1933: 2 Nebraska.
B.M. 1 9 W. Canada. 1 2 Tennessee. 2 2 New York.
1 g 1 2 New England. 2 3 2 2 Massachusetts. 3 ¢ 3 9
no loc.
8 (7). H cilia brown. ¢g above, unmarked dark shining
brown, bronzy mid wing about the black stigma: unh pale
brown. 9 upf dark brown with discal white spots in spaces
tb, 2, 3 and 6-8, some or all of which may be absent: unh
sometimes with a discal row of contiguous white spots,
which are more often faint or absent. ¢ F 15 mm.
vestris Boisduval 1852: 92 California: type B.M. Fig
Oberthiir 1913: Seitz: Comstock: and as ruricola by
Holland: Klots: and genitalia by Lindsey, ete.
Synonyms. metacomet Harris 1862: Massachusetts. Fig
Seitz: Holland.
rurea Edwards 1862: 3 Illinois.
kiowah Reakirt 1866: 3 Rocky Mountains.
osyka Edwards 1867: 3 New Orleans.
osceola Lintner 1878: 3 California.
californica Mabille 1883: 3 California: type B.M.
immaculata Williams 1914: 2 New Mexico.
B.M. 6 3 4 9 Canada. 6 g 2 9 Pennsylvania. 3 g 1 9
Montana. 4 ¢ 4 9 New York. 2 $2 2 New Jersey. 1g 19
New Hampshire. 3 ¢ 1 2 New England. 4 ¢ 4 2 Massa-
chusetts. 2 ¢ 2 ? Connecticut. 3 ¢ 3 2 Wisconsin. 1¢19
Alabama. 4 ¢ 492 Texas. 8 ¢ 8 2 New Mexico. 10 $69
California. 51 ¢ 9 2 Colorado. 1 g¢ N. Carolina. 1 Q
Plorida: 33 c414.2 OU SAS, }
9a (1a. 11a). Species confined to W. Indies.
g (10). Above and below, dark brown, no ochreous scaling.
364
M.28. EUPHYES
cornelius. 2 sub-species.
(a). g upf may have small white spots in spaces 3, 6, 7
and unh in spaces 2-6. 9 with spots well marked and a
larger spot in space 2 upf. ¢ F 17 mm.
Sub-sp. cornelius Latreille 1824: g¢ Cuba: type B.M. Fig
Seitz.
Synonyms. hemeterius Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc: MS
fig of type in B.M. Fig Seitz.
godman Draudt 1924: ¢ Cuba: type B.M.
Biv. 25 6 10:2 Cuba.
(b). Spotting reduced. Unh spots absent.
Sub-sp. agra nov: $ Bahamas: Sir G. Carter: type B.M.
B.M. 3 6 1 2 Bahamas.
10 (9). Above and below, with conspicuous dark ochreous
scaling. g$ upf and ¢ 9 unh unmarked.
singularis. 2 sub-species.
(a). Darker. Unf no traces of discal spots. 2? upf white
spot in space 2 large, overlapping spot in space 3: faint
suffused whitish area in space rb: unf large white spot in
space 1b, larger than the large spot in space 2, forming a
triangle with spot in space 3 at the apex.
Sub-sp. singularis Herrich-Schaffer 1865: $ Cuba. Fig by
Bell 1947 of the genitalia.
B.M. 2 61 9 Cuba. 1 2 “Amazons” (ex coll Staudinger).
(b). Brighter. 2 with widely separated white hyaline
spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6. Palpi below, yellow. Below,
dark ochreous: 3g unf space 1b widely paler, faint
spots in spaces 2, 3 and, beyond the spots, the disc is
lighter.
Sub-sp. insolata Butler 1878: 3 Jamaica. Fig Kaye 1931.
Synonym. aurinia Plotz 1883: Jamaica. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 8 39 & Haiti. 5 ¢ 3 2 Jamaica.
Ila (1a. ga). Confined to Central and South America.
I1b (20a). 3 upf with a stigma.
11c (14a). ‘The tripartite stigma broad, continuous, con-
spicuous.
II (12a). Unh plain grey-brown, with faint indications of
a whitish discal band. 9 upf plain, but may have whitish
spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3,6 and 7. ¢ F 16 mm.
365
M.28. EUPHYES
peneia Godman 1goo: $ Panama: figured 3, 2: type B.M.
Fig Seitz: Hayward 1951, genitalia:
Synonyms. catioides Kaye 1924: 3 Trinidad.
tristis Lindsey 1925: g Iquitos: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 g 1 2 Honduras. 1 $ Panama. 1 ¢ Colombia.
1 $ Venezuela. 1 ¢ Tobago. 1 $ Trinidad. 2 ¢ 1 2 Br
Guiana. 2 6 1 9 Fr Guiana. 1 ¢ 3 2 W. Ecuador
(Manabi). 1 9 Peru (Maranon). 1 3 2 2 Amazons.
12a (11). Unh not plain grey-brown.
"12 (13). Unh basal two-thirds ferruginous, outer third
much lighter, reddish. Above, 3, 2 as peneza. Unf apex
and costa ferruginous, tornal area broadly pale brown:
traces of pale spots in spaces 2, 3 and 8. 3 F 18 mm.
leptosema Mabille 1891: $ Rio Grande: type B.M. Placed
by Seitz in Lerema and Eutychide.
Synonym. subferrugineus Hayward 1934: 3 Argentine:
figured.. Fig Hayward 1951, 2 and ¢ genitalia.
B.M. 2 3g Brazil. 1 6 1 9 Paraguay. 3 ¢ 1 2 Argentine.
13 (12). Unh uniform ferruginous, faint discal band of
suffused pale spots in spaces 1c-6. Above, ¢ as vestris.
Unf costa and apex pale ferruginous brown: large, double,
pale yellowish discal spot in space 1b, lower part shifted
basad, large spot in space 2, faint spot 1n space 3. 2 upf
with suffused whitish spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3, traces in
space 4 and at apex. ¢ F 17 mm.
ampa nov: ¢ Honduras: type B.M.
B.M. 1 g¢ 1 9 Honduras.
14a (11c). The stigma narrow, broken, inconspicuous.
14b (16a). Lower part of stigma oblique.
14 (15). Unf tornal area not conspicuously whitish. 3 F
18 mm. Above, chocolate brown, unmarked. Unf rather
paler tornally, faint pale spots in spaces 2, 3, 4 and 6-8.
Unh faint indications of pale spots in spaces 2-5.
derasa Herrich-Schaffer 1870: 2 Brazil. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. gagatina Mabille 1891: 2 Brazil: type B.M.
amatola Schaus 1902: 3 Novo Friborgo: paratype B.M.
B.M. 15 3425S. Brazil (Rio. Sao Paulo. Novo Friborgo).
1 § Uruguay.
366
M.28. EUPHYES
15 (14). Unf tornal area in space 1b conspicuously whitish,
a large spot in space 2 and small one in space 3. ¢ F
16mm. Above, brown, faint indications of markings from
unf. Unh brown, small pale brown discal spots in spaces
2-6, beyond which wing is paler. Antennal club below,
yellow: palpi yellow and black, pectus white. Stigma
narrow.
tuba nov: ¢ Itaituba, R. Tapajos: type B.M.
BM. 0G type. 1 2st Paulo d’Olivenca: 1 ¢ Pata.
16a (14b). Lower part of stigma in line with upper part.
16b (18a). Unh variegated.
16 (17). Unh purple wash faint or absent.
sirene. 2 sub-species.
(a). $ F 15 mm. Above, plain brown: upf in 2 with faint
traces of discal band from unf. Unf brown: pale brown
tornal area across space 1b and an outwardly tapering row
of pale brown discal spots from space 2 to space 8, and in
© the veins to termen are pale. Unh brown with a broad
suffused pale discal band, cell also paler, leaving a dark
brown central band: in 9 veins to termen pale. Gnathos
narrower and shorter.
Sub-sp. kayei Bell 1931: ¢ Trinidad: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 ¢ Venezuela. 2 $ Trinidad. 3 $ Br Guiana. 1 9
Surinam. 1 9 Upper Putumayo. 2 ¢ 2 9 Para.
(b). ¢ F 16 mm. Upf indications of the markings from
unf. Unf broad elongate whitish streaks in spaces 4-8:
only slightly paler at tornus. Unh dorsum and tornus
whitish, whence runs a broad band of conjoined whitish
streaks from space 2 to space 6. Antennae under club,
whitish.
Sub-sp. sirene Mabille 1904: 3 Brazil: type B.M.
B.M. 5 ¢ Brazil (Rio. Parana. Novo Friborgo).
[7 (16). Unh with a brilliant purple wash. ¢ F 13 mm.
Above, brown, faint trace of pale discal and apical spots.
Unf apex broadly purple with faint discal and apical pale
spots, veins pale before termen and outer third of space 1b
yellowish. Unh faint traces of pale discal spots, tornus
broadly paler. 2? as ¢ but the pale markings and areas
better marked.
367
M.28. EUPHYES
mapirica Bell 1930: ¢ Bolivia: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 ¢1 Q Itaituba. 1 2 Pernambuco.
18a (16b). Unh plain brown with faint pale discal spots.
18 (19). Head, collar and patagia bright blue, a green
metallic lustre in a side light. Upf faint suffused pale
discal and apical spots, more numerous unf. ¢ F 13 mm.
pandora Lindsey 1925: ¢ Peru, Perene: genitalia figured.
B.M. None.
19 (18). Head, etc., brown. ¢ above plain dark brown, lower
part of stigma (over vein 1) curved, but not oblique.
Below, paler brown, faint traces of discal and apical spots
F and discal spots H, beyond which the wing is paler and
unf outer third of space 1b paler. Antennae below, club
yellowish and shaft chequered. ¢ F 14 mm.
bryna nov: ¢ Roraima, Br Guiana: type B.M.
B.M. 1 ¢ type. 1 ¢ Fr Guiana.
20a (11b). 3 upf no stigma.
20 (21). 3g above, dark brown with a strong purple gloss
upf and traces of pale spots from unf. Unf costa and apex
broadly ferruginous: large whitish discal spot in space 1b,
decreasing spots in spaces 2 and 3, faint traces of apical
spots and a lower cell spot. Unh bright ferruginous, discal
band of suffused, conjoined pale spots from space Ic to
space 6 and a spot in cell. ¢ F 17 mm. @ upf rather
small hyaline white spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6. Below,
more chocolate. Unf large whitish area in space 1b. Unh
with spots as in 3. |
antra nov: ¢ Peru, Lima: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 type. 2 2 Lower Amazons.
21 (20). 3g above, ochreous-brown, unmarked. ¢ F 14 mm.
Below, pale brown. Unf inconspicuous dull ochreous
scaling in cell and at apex: outer third of space 1b paler.
Unh very faint traces of suffused pale discal spots. Palpi
whitish. Antennae chequered, whitish under club.
cherra nov: ¢ Nericagua, R. Orinoco, 1st March 1899:
Cherrie.
B.M. 1 & Venezuela. 1 3 Bolivia (Santa Cruz). 2 9
S. Brazil (Sao Paulo: has veins before termen pale, below).
368
M.29. LIBRA
M.29. LIBRA Evans (p. 303): type aligula Schaus: fixed
by author.
Superficially like Ochlodes, but the antennal club is very
different. Antennae = 4 costa: club 4 shaft: nudum 7/8.
Palpi appressed: third segment stout, short, conical. Mid
tibiae spined. 3 upf broad stigma. ‘Tawny species.
I (2). 3 upf stigma black. Aedoeagus narrow.
aligula. 2 sub-species.
(a). $ F 16 mm. Upf basal area shaded: discal tawny
band conspicuously cut by dark veins and usually ends in
space 8. Uph tawny area cut by dark veins and cell spot
usually separated. Below, brownish-ochreous on costa
and apex F and all H: unh with a discal band of rather
faint pale spots. 2 above, brown: upf with a tawny cell
spot and discal band, as in $: uph faint cell spot and a
tawny macular discal band.
Sub-sp. aligula Schaus 1902: ¢ Petropolis. Fig Hayward
1951, 6, 2 and genitalia.
B.M. 12 6 5 2S. Brazil (Petropolis. Sao Paulo. Novo
Friborgo).
(b). ¢ F 14 mm. Upf basal area clear tawny with some-
times one or two dark streaks: discal tawny band broader,
clearer, but the spots in spaces 4 and 5 tend to be reduced
or absent. Uph clear tawny with dark borders and no
separated cell spot. Below, paler: unh pale discal spots
absent or vestigial. 2 uph discal tawny band broader and
more continuous.
Sub-sp. decia Hayward 1948: ¢ Paraguay: type B.M. Fig
Hayward 1951, ¢ and &.
Beye og 5. Brazil (Parana. Sao Paulo). 13.5.1 2
Paraguay. 1 g¢ Argentine.
2 (1). 3g upf stigma grey. Aedoeagus very broad. ¢ F
18 mm. Very like aligula. Upf tawny band is more
continuous: apical spots from space 4 towards costa of
same size and curling round in spaces g, 10 and 11 to
meet the tawny costal streak to base. Below, as aligula.
2 F has all the spots upf hyaline white, in spaces rb, 2,
3, 4, 5, 6-8 and across cell. Uph narrow band of tawny
spots and a spot in cell. Below, costa and apex F and all
369
M.30. HANSA
H ochreous-brown: pale cell spot and discal row unh
conspicuous.
anatolica Plotz 1883: 3 “Asia Minor”: copy of Plétz’s
MS fig in B.M., which exactly represents the Brazilian
species and not any species from Anatolia: the description
corresponds with the figure.
Synonym. gloriosa Bell 1920: 3 Santa Catharina: geni-
talia figured. Fig Hayward 1951, 3, 2 and genitalia.
B.M. 5 $225. Brazil (Parana. Caraca. Novo Friborgo).
M.30. HANSA Evans (p. 303): type hyboma Plétz: fixed
by author.
Separable from Libra and Chalcone on the facies and
genitalia. Black with conspicuous and continuous tawny
band on disc F and H and a spot in the cell F. Uncus
divided, gnathos broad and undivided. ¢ upf with a tripar-
tite stigma, intermediate to a brand formation: upper section
against cubitus to above vein 2, where it is broad and more
or less angled: a short, linear section below and parallel to
vein 2: a dot over vein I. 2 as 3.
| (2). Unh like Propertius albistriga: a broad ochreous-
brown central band from base cell to apex in space 7:
broadly white on either side of this band to a short dark
area at base costa and to an outwardly white-edged sub-
marginal brown band, running along space tc to base.
Unf brown, the discal whitish band and cell spot as the
tawny band upf: termen narrowly whitish crossed by dark
veins. ¢ F 12 mm. |
hyboma Plotz 1886: Minas Geraes. Fig Seitz: Hayward
1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 2 Minas Geraes. 1 2 Rio Grande do Sul. 1 ¢
Paraguay.
2 (1). Unh plain yellow, darkened somewhat in space Ic.
devergens. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 15 mm.
Sub-sp. devergens Draudt 1924: $ Colombia: Muzo: Fassl.
Synonym. morgani Lindsey 1928: $ Br Guiana: genitalia
figured.
B.M. None.
370
M.31. CHALCONE
(b). ¢ F 12 mm. Only differs from the figure in Seitz in
size and the cell spot F is double. Unf pale yellowish-
brown at costa and apex, where there are faint brown
dashes between the apical spots and the apex.
Sub-sp. hydra nov: ¢ Parana, Castro: E. D. Jones: type
B.M.
B.M. Teg ues aan.
M.31. CHALCONE Evans (p. 303): type chalcone Schaus:
fixed by author.
Separable from Libra and Hansa on the distinct facies and
genitalia. Above, brown, with narrow yellow or tawny mark-
ings. Genitalia typically with a divided uncus and an un-
divided gnathos: aedoeagus broad, with complex protruding
processes, recalling Ochlodes. 3 upf with an inconspicuous,
broad, bipartite or tripartite stigma.
| (2a). Uph with a narrow macular discal band and a faint
spot in cell. Upf with apical spots in spaces 6-8 and
detached spots in spaces 4 and 5. ¢ F 16 mm.
chalcone. 2 sub-species.
(a). Above, markings pale, even, narrow. Below, apex
unf and all unh pinkish-grey, tending to conceal the
markings.
Sub-sp. corta nov: ¢ Bolivia, Yungas, La Paz, 1000 metres.
B.M. Only the type.
(b). Above, markings bright tawny, increasing in width
upf in spaces 3, 2-1b: dots in spaces 4, 5 and 6-8: double
spot in cell. Below, ochreous-brown: pale spot in space 1b
enlarged. Unh faint spot in cell and a discal row. 3 F
16 mm.
Sub-sp. chalcone Schaus 1902: 3 Petropolis.
Synonyms. turbis Schaus 1902: 3 Novo Friborgo. No
difference can be found between Schaus’s descriptions of
chalcone and turbis.
B.M. 9g 3 Brazil (Novo Friborgo. Sao Paulo).
2a (1). Uph unmarked.
2 (3a). Unf pale area in space 1b absent or vestigial. Upf
dull tawny spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3 and 1-3 apical spots in
spaces 6-8. Unf apex and upper half wing ochreous-brown,
a4
M.32. SERDIS
lower part black. Unh ochreous-brown, pale discal spots
faint or absent. g F 16 mm.
santarus Bell 1940: ¢ Brazil: genitalia figured.
B.M. 2 35. Brazil (Sao Paulo).
3a (2). Unf pale area in space 1b conspicuous, wider than
the tawny spot 1n space 2.
3 (4). Upf conspicuous tawny streak along basal half costa,
decreasing dark tawny spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3: usually
small dot in cell and may be a single apical spot and some
tawny scaling at apex. Uph clothed with dark tawny hairs
and some scaling. Unf apex and all unh ochreous-brown:
sometimes on unh a pale spot and discal row. ¢ F 14 mm.
Genitalia are aberrant: uncus undivided, tapered: gnathos
absent.
tania Schaus 1902: ¢ Petropolis (cotype B.M.).
B.M. 6 3S. Brazil (Petropolis).
4 (3). Upf no tawny streak along costa, well-marked pale
yellow spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8. Unf costa and apex
ochreous-brown, suffused whitish mid termen. Unh
irregular broken silver band from space Ic to space 8,
reduced in spaces 1c and 4-5. 9 has a spot in space 1b
upf and unh the silver band is extended along vein Ic
nearly to base. ¢ F 16 mm.
zisa Plotz 1882: 2 Rio: copy of MS fig in B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Minas Geraes.
M.32. SERDIS Mabille 1904: type statis Plotz: sole
species included was flagrans Mabille, which is a sub-species
of statius.
Antennae = #4 costa: club stout, bent beyond thickest
part: nudum 7/10. Palpi quadrantic, third segment short,
erect. Mid and hind tibiae spined. F cell produced: vein 5
decurved: vein 2 nearer base than vein 3. H produced at
tornus: vein 1A > vein 2. Upf broad stigma, broken at
vein 2. Uncus quadrifid. A compact genus.
| (2a). H cilia uniformly tawny. 3g without, 2 with hyaline
discal and apical spots. ¢ F 21 mm.
statius. 3 sub-species.
(a). 3g upf tawny discal area > dark termen. Clasp of
372
M.32. SERDIS
genitalia crested. ¢ upf hyaline white spots in cell, spaces
2, 3, 4 (dot) and tawny spot in space 1b. Unh greener,
faint paler cell spot and narrow discal band.
Sub-sp. statius Plotz 1883: g Venezuela. Fig Seitz as
venezuelae.
Synonym. fulgens Mabille 1889: 3 Venezuela: MS fig
in B.M.
B.M. 1 2 Colombia (has upf spot in space 1b opaque
white and unf whiter markings). 9 g¢ 2 2 Venezuela.
(b). Upf discal tawny area = dark termen.
Sub-sp. flagrans Mabille 1904: $ Ecuador: type B.M. Fig
Seitz.
B.M. 6 3 Ecuador (Loja. Ambato. Rio Bamba).
(c). Clasp not crested. Upf tawny area is often shaded
or reduced.
Sub-sp. dives nov: ¢ Huancabamba, N.E. Peru: Boettger:
type B.M.
B.M. 30 3 Peru (Huancabamba. Chanchamayo. Perene.
Pozuzo. Carabaya). 5 3 Bolivia(R. Songo. Cochabamba).
2a (1). H cilia whitened or paler tornally. ¢ 2° upf with
hyaline apical spots.
2 (3). Uph with an oblique tawny band at apex running
from end of the tawny discal band to mid costa. Clasp
crested g¢ F 20 mm.
venezuelae. 3 sub-species.
(a). Above, pale areas yellow rather than tawny. Unh
with an oblique white band at apex from just beyond end
of white discal band to mid vein 8 and also a white band
from lower end of cell across origin of vein 2 to vein rb.
Sub-sp. fractifascia Felder 1867: $ Colombia: type B.M.:
° figured. ¢ fig Seitz.
B.M. 9 3 1 2 Colombia (Bogota. Santa Fé).
(b). Above, darker tawny.
Sub-sp. venezuelae Westwood 1852: 3 Venezuela: figured:
type B.M. Fig in Seitz = statis.
BOVE (13)S Venezuela. 2 ¢ Heuador.
(c). Unh with a single inner white band, parallel to the
discal band, from below origin vein 2 through cell to apex,
where it is wider.
373
M.32. SERDIS
Sub-sp. fulla nov: ¢ Ecuador, near Ambato: R. P. Irenée
Blanc: type B.M.
B.M. 3 3 Colombia (Cauca. Frontinia). 4 g Ecuador
(Ambato).
3 (2). Uph without such a band. Clasp not crested. 3 F
20 mm.
viridicans. 6 sub-species.
(a). Above, dark markings narrow. Upf spot in space 3
hyaline white. Uph tornal cilia white. Unh discal and
sub-basal bands narrow and faint.
Sub-sp. viridicans Felder 1867: ¢ Colombia: type B.M.:
figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 7 3 Colombia (Bogota. Interior).
(b). Similar, but upf tawny areas broader and sub-basal
band continued to costa as in fulla. Upf spot in space 3
barely hyaline, but is whiter than the other markings.
Sub-sp. kirschi Weymer 1890: 2 Colombia: figured. Fig
Seitz.
B.M. 2 $ Colombia. 1 $ Ecuador (Zamora).
(c). Like Azrschi, but upf the spot in space 3 is not hyaline,
being tawny as rest of the markings. Unh bands compara-
tively broad and well defined; the sub-basal band widely
separated from the sub-apical band. H tornal cilia white.
Sub-sp. lupus nov: ¢ Merida, Venezuela: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 Venezuela.
(d). Above, very dark with narrow, dark tawny areas.
Upf spot in space 3 hyaline white and a more or less
prominent small hyaline white spot under origin of vein 3.
Uph discal band very narrow. Unh bands very sharply
defined, the sub-basal band widely separated from the
sub-apical band. H tornal cilia white.
Sub-sp. pandra nov: $ Ecuador, Loja: type B.M.
B.M. 2 $ Colombia. 1 ¢ Ecuador.
(ce). Above as wiridicans. Unh markings prominent: the
sub-basal band united to the sub-apical band, which is
wide. H tornal cilia white.
Sub-sp. edith nov: $ Peru, Amazonas, Chachanaeam type
B.M.
B.M. 7 3 Peru (Amazonas).
374
M.33. METRON
(f). Considerably different and smaller, ¢ F 18 mm.
Above, pale areas much broader, pale tawny: spot in
space 3 upf opaque: uph markings as in venezuelae but
the discal band is straight. Unh bands obscure, narrow,
yellowish: sub-basal band widely separated from the sub-
apical band, which is small and very obscure.
Sub-sp. junia nov: 3 W. Slopes of Andes, N. Peru, 4000
feet: June: Pratt 1912: type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ type loc.
M.33. METRON Godman 1900: type chrysogastra Butler:
sole species included by author.
Synonyms. Metrocles Godman 1900: type leucogaster God-
man: sole species included.
Ametron Hayward 1940: type subviridis Hayward: fixed by
author.
Antennae 4 costa, shaft plain, yellow under club: club }
shaft, bent to apiculus beyond thickest part: nudum 7/8.
Palpi flattened, smooth: third segment short, stout, conical.
Mid tibiae spined, except in leucogaster. Wings produced:
F vein 2 nearer base than origin of vein 3: H end cell up-
turned and vein 1a = vein 2. 3 upf with a stigma from
origin vein 3 to vein 1 or brands, along cubitus, under vein 2
and often over vein 1. 2 genitalia peculiar: ovipositor is long
and slender, conspicuously protruding.
la (3a). Unh broad white central band recurs on the dorsum
beyond the abdominal fold.
I (2). 3 upf with a tripartite stigma. Mid tibiae smooth.
leucogaster. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 14mm. Upf 3 hyaline discal spots (2 in figure).
Uph discal area whitish. Unf additional white streak in
space 1b. Palpi ochreous. Abdomen below white,
ochreous at sides. @ ( fascia) similar.
Sub-sp. leucogaster Godman 1900: $ Panama: figured. Fig
Seitz. |
Synonym. fascia Draudt 1924: 2? Colombia: figured.
B.M. None.
(b). Upf double opaque white spot in space 1b, hyaline
spots in spaces 2, 3, 4 and 6. Uph a well-marked central
white area. Palpi below orange.
375
M.33. METRON
Sub-sp. ambrosei Weeks 1906: Venezuela. Fig Weeks 1g1r1.
B.M. 1 3 Venezuela.
2 (1). 3 upf with brands, angled against cubitus and over
vein 2, also under vein 2. Mid tibiae spined.
chrysogastra. 3 sub-species.
(a). g¢ F 13 mm. Upf. pale yellow sub-hyaline spots in
spaces 1b, 2, 3 and may be dot in space 6. Uph narrow,
brown-shaded, whitish area. Unf apex and costa green,
marked as upf. Unh green, abdominal fold black: white
band 2 mm. wide. Above, collar reddish. Below, palpi
orange, turning yellow on cheeks and pectus. Abdomen
yellow or white, orange at sides. 92 as 3.
Sub-sp. chrysogastra Butler 1870: ¢ Venezuela: type
B.M. Fig Godman & Salvin, 3, venation and genitalia:
Seitz.
Synonyms. goza Hewitson 1877: 3 Venezuela: type B.M.
cuneata Pl6otz 1882: S. America.
B.M. 3 5 Mexico. 2 5 1 2 Costa Rica. 8 $ Panama. 4 3
1 2 Colombia. 8 g 1 2 Venezuela. 4 ¢ Trinidad.
(b). Upf markings reduced, only spot in space 3 well
marked, those in 1b and 2 faint or absent. Uph plain.
Below, darker green. Unf usually no spot in space 1b,
only in spaces 2 and 3.
Sub-sp. gades nov: ¢ Chanchamayo, Peru: type B.M.
B.M. 8 ¢ Peru (Chanchamayo. Chaquimayo. Marcapata.
El Porvenir). 4 3 Bolivia (Chariplaya. Chulumani).
(c). Larger, ¢ F 15 mm. Above, markings as in chryso-
gastra, but larger and overlapping: traces of apical spots
F, Unh white band 50% wider.
Sub-sp. hypodesma Pl6tz 1882: Para. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 g Amazons (Santarem). 2 ¢ 1 92 Espirito
Santo.
3a (1a). Unh white band does not recur on dorsum. ¢ upf
with a stigma.
3b (5a). Above, with conspicuous tawny bands F and H.
Unh with a basal white spot. ¢ F 14 mm.
3 (4). Upf tawny band deeply excavate inwardly in space
tb. Unh with a white spot just before end cell and the
376
M.33. METRON
basal white spot does not extend into base of space 8. 3
upf central part of stigma like a brand under vein 2. Unf
marked as on upf. Unh green, the white band irregular.
2 with marking above reduced.
oropa Hewitson 1877: Brazil. Fig Seitz = fasciata. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3 underside, upperside is of fasciata.
Synonyms. angulina Plétz 1883: Brazil.
doello-juradot Jorgensen 1925: 3 Paraguay.
B.M. 16 $3 25S. Brazil (Rio. Sao Paulo. Parana. Novo
Friborgo. Theresopolis). 9 3 2 9 Paraguay.
4 (3). Upf tawny band regular, not excavate in space 1b.
Unh no white spot before end cell and the basal white
spot extends into base of space 8. 3¢ upf central part of
stigma in line with the upper and lower portions. Below,
the greenish colouring is often yellow: white band on H
more regular: often small whitish spots along the termen
of both wings. 2 markings reduced as in oropa. _
fasciata Moschler 1876: 9 Surinam: figured. Fig Seitz as
oropa.
Synonyms. zimra Hewitson 1877: 9 Brazil: type B.M.
voranus Mabille 1891: ¢ Colombia: MS fig in B.M.
anita Schaus 1902: 3 Petropolis.
verdanta Weeks 1906: Venezuela. Fig Weeks 1g11.
B.M. 1 $ Honduras. 2 $ Venezuela. 2 g 1 2 Fr Guiana.
1 2 Peru (Chaquimayo). 5 ¢ Bolivia. 2 g Amazons
(Teffe. Para). 3 ¢ 1 9 Brazil. 1 g Argentine.
5a (3b). Above, tawny bands inconspicuous or absent. Unh
no white spot at base.
5 (6). Upf with at least traces of a tawny band. Unh with
a white band. g F 13 mm.
schrottkyi. 2 sub-species.
(a). Pale with pale markings. Upf well-defined narrow
band from space 1b to space 3, outwardly placed dot in
space 4 and spots 1n spaces 6 and 7. Uph narrow yellow
central band broadly divided by dark veins. Greenish-
yellow hairs and scaling on wing bases, costa F, head and
thorax. Unf black, costa ochreous, apex green, markings
as on upf, but white. 'Unh green, white band from space
Ic to space 8, 15 mm. wide, somewhat irregular and just
377
M.34. PROPERTIUS
enters cell: abdominal fold black: small whitish patch at
termen in space Ic.
Sub-sp. tomba nov: ¢ Tombador, 16 miles S. of Diaman-
tino, Matto Grosso, 1500 feet, 1st to 19th August 1927:
C. L. Collenette: type B.M.
B.M. 4 6 type loc.
(b). Darker with tawny markings. Upf discal band more
broken, apical spots may be absent, usually a small cell
spot. Uph anarrow central band faintly indicated. Unh
white band narrow, } mm. at costa to I mm. in space Ic,
turning yellow just before reaching vein rb. 2 upf spots in
spaces 1b, 2, 3 and 6-7 or 8 sub-hyaline and well marked:
uph discal band clearer than in ¢: unh white band very
narrow, not widening tornally and may be broken into 3
sections.
Sub-sp. schrottkyi Giacomelli 1911: g Argentine. Fig
Hayward 1951, underside of ¢ type.
Synonym. hypochlora Draudt 1924: 3 S. Peru: figured.
B.M. 2 3 S. Peru (Carabaya). 1 2 Amazons (St Paulo
d’Olivenca).
6 (5). Upf unmarked in 3, except for the tripartite black
stigma: 2 with faint yellowish spots in spaces rb, 2 and 3.
Below, green, except for the lower basal area F and the
abdominal fold H. Unf whitish spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3
and may be a small lower spot in cell. Unh may bea small
white spot at lower end of cell, another mid space tc
against vein 1b and a dash at the termen in space Ic.
noctis Kaye 1913: ¢ Trinidad: type B.M.: figured.
Synonym. subviridis Hayward 1940: 3 Argentine: geni-
talia figured. Fig Hayward 1951, $ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 3 Trinidad. 1 9 Ecuador (La Chima) a
Parana. 4 3 Paraguay.
M.34. PROPERTIUS Evans (p. 303): type propertius
Fabricius: fixed by author.
Antennae slightly < 4 costa: club } shaft: nudum 7/8.
Palpi appressed: third segment, short, conical, protruding.
Mid tibiae spined. $ upf with inconspicuous narrow, broken
stigma. Wings produced: ¢ vein 1 F longer than vein 6H
but H vein 1A shorter than vein 1b. Two similar species
378
M.35. PHEMIADES
with a characteristic unh of broad alternating pale and dark
areas.
| (2). Palpi below, yellow with a broad central black line.
Unh pale bands yellow. Head above black, white spotted.
Upf generally more than 2 apical spots, which in 92 are
yellow asin $. $F 17mm. Upf yellow spots in spaces rb,
2 and 3: apical spots tawny in spaces 4-8 or may be
reduced: spots in spaces 2 and 3 hyaline white in 9. Uph
continuous row of yellow spots space 1c-6. Unf broad
whitish area in space 1b: broad yellow, reddish-ended
band at apex followed by a narrow dark band before the
narrowly yellow apex. Unh central red-brown band from
base of cubitus to end vein 7, where it meets a similar,
expanding band to tornus: base costa ferruginous: may be
a pale area mid termen: cilia at tornus white.
propertius Fabricius 1793: “‘Indiis’’: figured Jones Icones.
Fig Seitz: Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonyms. memuca Hewitson 1866: ? loc. Fig Hewitson
1871 as propertius.
theodora Ehrman 1907: Venezuela.
B.M. 1 ¢ 22 Peru (La Merced. ‘Tarapote. Chaquimayo).
1 ¢ Bolivia (Santa Cruz). 2 3g Amazons (St Paulo
d’Olivenca. Para). 1 ¢ Minas Geraes. 1 2 Matto Grosso.
736495. Brazil (Rio. Parana. Espirito Santo). 6 3 2 2
Paraguay. 1 3 Argentine.
2 (1). Palpi below, plain yellow. Unh pale bands white.
Head above ochreous-brown, not white spotted. Upf
usually only 2 apical spots, which in 9 are hyaline: some-
times traces of 1 or 2 cell spots unf. In other respects
similar to propertius.
albistriga ‘[essmann 1928: ¢ E. Peru: figured.
Eee to Venezuela, 1152) 2) Br Guiana. og 249 Fr
Guiana. 1 ¢ Surinam. 1 ¢$ Peru (La Merced).
M.35. PHEMIADES Hiibner 1819: type phineus Cramer:
fixed by Scudder 1875.
Synonym. Trioedusa Mabille 1904: type milvius Mabille:
sole species included. °
Antennae 58 costa: shaft and under club yellowish-white,
A.H.—25 379
M.35. PHEMIADES
narrowly black ringed at each segment: club } shaft, stout,
ovate: apiculus > width of club: nudum 8/g. Palpi ap-
pressed, smooth: third segment short, conspicuous. Mid
tibiae with long spines: hind tibiae spined, upper pair of
spurs short in type, absent in the other 3 species. Wings
produced: tornus H > costa. ¢ upf with brands or a stigma.
Tawny or yellow bands upf and uph.
| (2a). 3g upf with an angular brand over origin vein 2,
short brand under vein 2 and a dot over vein 1. ¢ F
17mm. Upf yellow band divided by veins into spots in
spaces 1b-—3, a small lower cell spot and apical opaque
band in spaces 6-8: a yellow streak in space 1a from
discal band towards base. Uph yellow band separated
by dark veins from space 1c to 6. Unf apex and all
unh pale brownish-yellow: in 2 yellow and band unh
faint.
phineus Cramer 1777: Surinam: figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 2 3 Matto Grosso. 2 2 S. Brazil (Rio. Espirito
Santo).
2a (1). 3 upf with a stigma and not separated brands. Above,
markings tawny and continuous.
2b (4). ¢ upf vein 1 not distorted: a broad grey stigma
on either side of vein 2, flanked by a black patch at each
end.
2 (3). Upf spot in space 4 overlaps spot in space 3.
pohli. 2 sub-species.
(a). Darker and the dark tawny markings narrower.
Below, ferruginous. Clasp flat topped, crested at back.
ob 17 ame
Sub-sp. cidra nov: 3 Archidona, N.E. Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ type loc.
(b). 3g upf tawny band continuous to space 5, cell spot
across cell. Below, brownish-ochreous. 2 upf band paler
and divided into spots. Top of clasp rounded. ¢ F
Ig mm.
Sub-sp. pohli Bell 1932: ¢$ Santa Catharina: genitalia
figured. Fig Hayward 1951, 3, 9 and genitalia.
Synonym. kdhleri Hayward 1937: 3 Argentine: genitalia
figured.
380
M.36. ASBOLIS
B.M. 10 3 Matto Grosso. 1 $ Minas Geraes. 1 3
Paraguay.
3 (2). Upf spot in space 4 not overlapping spot in space 3:
no cell spot and spots in spaces 4 and 5 large and detached.
Below, light ferruginous. 3 F 17 mm.
vergens nov: ¢ E. Peru, Cosnipata: H. Whitely: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
4 (2b). 3g upf vein 1 acutely angled upwards in middle and
vein 3 decurved at its origin so as to be much nearer
vein 2 than to vein 4: a V-shaped grey brand from origin
vein 2 flanked by a black patch on either side. Like pohl,
but tawny band uph extends nearly to base: upf small
detached cell spot.
milvius. 2 sub-species.
(a). Smaller, ¢ F 15 mm., and darker. Uph tawny
colouring not entering cell. Unh light ferruginous.
Sub-sp. milor nov: ¢ Yahuarmayo, Peru, 1200 feet, May-
July 1912: Watkins: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
(bjs ¢ 17 mm, paler.
Sub-sp. milvius Mabille 1904: ¢ Brazil: type B.M. Fig
Seitz.
B.M. 2 3 Br Guiana. 3 $ Minas Geraes. 2 gS. Brazil
(Espirito Santo).
M.36. ASBOLIS Mabille 1904: type capucinus Lucas: fixed
by Lindsey 1925 as sandarac Herrich-Schaffer, which is a
synonym of capucinus.
Antennae nearly 4 costa: club = 3} shaft, ovate, bent well
beyond the thickest part to the apiculus, which = 4 length of
club: nudum 7/7, part on club longer than part on apiculus.
Palpi appressed, third segment short, stout and conical. Mid
tibiae spined. Wings produced. ¢ upf a narrow grey stigma.
Single species, ¢ F 21 mm. Above, dark brown, bases
grey haired. Cilia white on H and from tornus to vein
3 F. Below, ferruginous with sparse grey scaling. Unf
pale spot in space 1b in 3, and @ an additional spot in
space 2, which may be visible upf. Palpi grey below.
381 : |
M.36. ASBOLIS
capucinus Lucas 1856: 3 Cuba.
Synonym. sandarac Herrich-Schaffer 1865: g¢ Cuba.
Fig Seitz: Holland 1916 from Is des Pins.
Synonym. palaea Hewitson 1868: ? loc: type B.M. Fig
Hewitson 1871.
B.M. 23 ¢ 20 2 Cuba.
382
N. LERODEA GROUP
The 4 genera placed in this group appear to be more or
less allied and would be out of place in any other group.
Their antennae indicate an affinity with the Hesperia and
Calpodes groups, as the length of the nudum on the club is
equal to the apiculus. But the quadrate palpi resemble the
palpi of the Apaustus group. The mid tibiae are always
spined.
All the species of Amblyscirtes have a very long aedoeagus
and saccus reaching nearly to the thorax. ‘This feature is not
shown in the diagrams, but can be seen in the figures given
in the Biologia by Godman 1900 and in the Hesperioidea of
N. America by Lindsey, Bell and Williams 1931.
Lerodea has been used by various authors for small species
without any secondary sexual characters and a number of
such species are listed at the end of the key as unidentifiable
in the B.M. Some of them will doubtless be found to belong
to genera in the Cymaenes sub-group of the Apaustus group,
where the antennal club is very different.
Except for Lerodea the genera are North American, but
whether their origin is Nearctic is doubtful. ‘The Lsoteznon
group of Asia presented a very similar problem in classifica-
tion.
KEY TO GENERA
la (4). Antennal apiculus not longer than width of club.
1b (3). 3 upf with a stigma or brands. Nudum 4/6.
1 (2). H vein 7 rises midway between base and oid cell.
FP 15-20 mm.
Atrytonopsis. 8 species. U.S.A.—Nicaragua.
eee El vein 7 tises mearer end cell, Vi 12—17 mun:
Amblyscirtes. 23 species. U.S.A._Mexico.
3 (1b). 3 upf no stigma or brands. Nudum 5/6. F 13-
I5 mm.
Lerodea. 20 species. U.S.A.—Patagonia.
383
N.1. ATRYTONOPSIS
4 (1a). Antennal apiculus > width club. Nudum 6/8. 3
upf no stigma or brands. F 17 mm.
Oligoria. 1 species. U.S.A.
Keys to Species
N.I. ATRYTONOPSIS Godman 1907: type deva Ed-
wards: fixed by author.
Antennae 3%; costa: shaft chequered, white under club:
club short, + shaft, stout, bent beyond thickest part to
apiculus, which = width of club: nudum 4/6. Palpi broad,
quadrantic: third segment short, conical, just protruding.
Mid and hind tibiae spined. H vein 7 rises before vein 2:
in Amblyscirtes vein 2 rises before vein 7. ¢ upf with a
narrow stigma from base vein 3 to mid vein 1, broken at
vein 2 and mid space 1b.
la (6a). Uph plain.
tb (5). Unh no pale discal spots.
1c (3a). Upf a small upper cell spot or none in cell.
1 (2). Unh cilia brown. g F 16 mm.
hianna Scudder 1868: 3g Massachusetts. Fig Holland:
Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
Synonyms. grote: Plotz 1883: Union. MS fig in B.M.
turnert Freeman 1948: 3 Barber County, Kansas. ? sub-
species.
B.M. 5 3 New York. 1 $ New Hampshire. 1 ¢ Wis-
consin. 1 g Washington. 2 $ Pennsylvania. I gf I 92
N. Carolina. 1 $ Florida. 7 ¢ 3 9 U.S.A. 3 3 Iowa.
2 (1). Unh cilia white. ¢ F 20 mm.
deva Edwards 1876: 9 Arizona. Fig Godman & Salvin, 2,
2, genitalia: Holland: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 14 6 12 9 Arizona. 4 3 5 2 Mexico (N. Sonora).
3a (1c). Upf a double cell spot or a spot across cell.
3 (4). Uph cilia white except at tornus. 2 F 21 mm.
lunus Edwards 1884: ¢ Arizona. Fig Holland: Williams
& Bell 1930, genitalia: and by Lindsey, etc., 1931.
B.M. 2 2 Arizona.
4 (3). Uph cilia ight brown. ¢ F 18 mm.
vierecki Skinner 1902: g New Mexico. Fig Holland:
genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 1 ¢ New Mexico. 2 3 3 2 Arizona.
384
N.1. ATRYTONOPSIS
5 (1b). Unh with conspicuous small white spots. 3g F
19 mm.
loammi Whitney 1876: ¢ Florida. Fig Skinner 1goo:
Holland: Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
Synonyms. vegulus Edwards 1881: 3 Florida.
apostologica Strand 1920: Florida.
B.M. 3 ¢ 1 ¢ Florida.
6a (1a). Uph with more less well-marked white spots.
6 (7a). Antennae all white below. Cilia narrowly white,
not chequered. Uph a narrow band of conjoined white
spots. 3, part of stigma above vein 2, short, not reaching
base of vein 3. ¢ F 17 mm.
pittacus Edwards 1882: ¢ Arizona. Fig Skinner 1goo:
Godman & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Holland: genitalia by
Lindsey, etc.
BM. 12 ¢ 2 @ Arizona. 1 gf Texas. 2 ¢ Mexico (N.
Sonora).
7a (6). Antennae chequered below. Cilia more or less
chequered.
7 (8). Upf spot in space 2 outwardly excavate. ¢ F
16 mm
python. 2 sub-species.
(a). $ F 18mm. Unh more or less marbled with purple-
grey and the spots semi-hyaline.
Sub-sp. python Edwards 1882: 2 Arizona. Fig Godman
& Salvin, 2: Holland.
Synonym. cestus Edwards 1884: ¢ Arizona. Fig Wright:
Holland: Lindsey, etc., genitalia.
B.M. 7 3 5 ¢ Arizona.
(b). ¢ F 16mm. Spots white instead of pale yellow.
Sub-sp. margarita Skinner 1913: ¢ New Mexico. Fig
Holland.
B.M. 1 ¢ New Mexico (Fort Wingate).
8 (7). Upf spot in space 2 not excavate outwardly: spots
white.
ovinia. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 18mm. Upf spot in space 2 mid spots in space 3
and cell.
385
N.2. AMBLYSCIRTES
Sub-sp. zaovinia Dyar 1913: ¢ Mexico. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. rupilius Schaus 1913: 2 Costa Rica: figured.
edwardst Barnes & McDunnough 1918: ¢ Arizona. Fig
Holland: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
polingt Gunder 1925: g Arizona. An aberration.
B.M. 4 3 1 ¢ Arizona (Tucson. Baboquivari and
Huachuca Mountains).
(b). ¢ F 21 mm. Upf spot in space 2 nearer to and more
or less overlapping the cell spot.
Sub-sp. ovinia Hewitson 1866: 3 Nicaragua: type B.M.
Fig Godman & Salvin: Seitz.
B.M. 2 31 2 Nicaragua.
N.2. AMBLYSCIRTES Scudder 1872: type vialis Ed-
wards: fixed by author.
Synonyms. Stomyles Scudder 1872: type textor Hubner:
fixed by author.
Mastor Godman 1900: type anubis Godman: fixed by author.
Ephiphyes Dyar 1905: type carolina Skinner: fixed by author.
Antennae short, 3% costa: shaft chequered, white under
club: club stout, + shaft: apiculus obtuse from thickest part
of club, short, = width of club: nudum 4/6. Palpi cylin-
drical, hairy: third segment slender, long, nearly as long as
second segment. Mid and hind tibiae spined. 3 upf with
brands or a stigma. Genitalia peculiar: saccus and aedoeagus
very long, extending nearly to the thorax: not indicated in
the diagrams in this catalogue.
la (21a). Unh marked, at least with grey scaling.
1b (8a). Above, with more or less ochreous scaling.
Exoteria Group
Ic (5a). F with a pale cell spot.
1d (3a). Unf cell brown. Cilia chequered. Wings pro-
duced. $ upf with a broken stigma.
1 (2). Unf suffused white discal area in space 1b. 3 F
18 mm.
folia. 2 sub-species.
(a). Cilia white.
386
N.2. AMBLYSCIRTES
Sub-sp. folia Godman 1900: 3 Mexico: type B.M.: figured.
Fig Seitz.
Synonym. tutolia Dyar 1913: 3 Mexico. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 3 3 5 2 Mexico (Guerrero. Jalisco. Cuernavaca.
Zacualpan).
(b). Cilia dark brown.
Sub-sp. insulae-pinorum Holland 1916: Is of Pines, Cuba.
B.M. None.
2 (1). Unf space 1b brown, ¢ F 15 mm.
exoteria Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Seitz: genitalia
by Lindsey, etc.
Synonyms. nanno Edwards 1882: ¢ Arizona. Fig Wright:
Holland: Godman & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia.
marcus Strand 1907: g “‘Delagoa Bay’’. ‘Type examined.
B.M. 14 6 7 2 Arizona. 7 g 1 2 Mexico (N. Sonora.
Orizaba. Jalisco).
3a (1d). Unf cell orange. ¢ F 13 mm.
3 (4). Cilia white, unchequered. Unf apex, and all unh
grey, obscuring the usual white markings. ¢ upf with a
broken stigma. Genitalia aberrant.
simius Edwards 1881: $ Colorado. Fig Holland: genitalia
by Lindsey, etc.: figures by Wright and Seitz are of cassus.
B.M. 3 3 Texas (presented by H. A. Freeman).
4 (3). Cilia chequered. Unf apex, and all unh with sparse
grey scaling. $ upf brand against cubitus between origins
of veins 3 and 2 and under vein 2.
cassus Edwards 1883: $ Arizona. Fig Holland: Seitz and
Wright as szmius: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 21 3 1 2 Arizona (Huachuca and Chiricahua Mts.
Fort Grant).
5a (1c). F no cell spot.
5 (6a). F and unh markings sharply defined, particularly
the apical spots. ¢ F 13 mm.
aenus. 2 sub-species.
(a). Paler, fully marked.
Sub-sp. aenus Edwards 1878: ¢ S. Colorado. Fig Holland:
genitalia by Lindsey, etc.: Klots.
B.M. 18 $ 10 @ Arizona (Tucson. Fort Grant. Mt
387
N.z. AMBLYSCIRTES
Graham. Baboquivari Mts). 5 jg Colorado (Golden.
Chimney Gulch). 1 g 1 2 New Mexico (Gallinas Cafion).
(b). Much darker and markings reduced.
Sub-sp. linda Freeman 1943: ¢ Arkansas. Fig Klots.
B.M. 6 3 5 2 Arkansas (presented by author).
6a (5). F and unh markings faint or absent.
6 (7). Below, grey: cilia nearly white. Upf pale brown,
black brand in $ conspicuous. ¢ F 14 mm.
oslari Skinner 1899: ¢ Colorado. Fig Holland: Klots:
genitalia by Lindsey, etc. |
B.M. 11 3 Colorado (Chimney Gulch). 2 3g Arizona
(Baboquivari Mts). 3 ¢ 1 2 New Mexico (Jemez Springs).
7 (6). Below, dark brown with sparse white scaling: cilia
dusky. Upf brown, brand inconspicuous, spots ochreous.
é F 13 mm.
fluonia Godman 1900: 3g Mexico: type B.M.: figured ¢
and genitalia. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. erna Freeman 1943: 3 Palo Duro Cafion,
Texas. Fig Klots.
B.M. 1 3 Texas (ex coll Fruhstorfer). 1 $ Texas (pre-
sented by H. A. Freeman). 9 ¢ 5 2 Mexico (Jalisco.
Guerrero. Guadalajara).
8a (1b). Above, without ochreous scaling.
8b (14a). Upf or unf with a well-marked single or double
cell spot.
Aesculapius Group
8c (10a). Upf (or unf) no spot in space rb.
8 (9). Cilia plain brown. Above, markings faint or absent.
3 upf with a grey stigma. Unh dark brown with sparse
dark ochreous scaling and tiny white spots sharply marked.
So E71 mini:
elissa Godman 1900: ¢ Mexico: type B.M.: figured 2 and
d genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 3 3 3 2 Mexico (Guerrero).
9 (8). Cilia chequered. Above, with markings of the usual
pattern formed of olive scaling. ¢ with brands normal,
388
N.z. AMBLYSCIRTES
under cubitus and vein 2. Unh very densely grey scaled,
white markings more or less blurred. ¢ F 13 mm.
samoset Scudder 1863: Massachusetts. Fig Scudder 1889
(pl 10/1 — 6 samoset: pl 10/3 — 2 2 eos: pl 37/4 — geni-
talia): Seitz: Holland.
Synonyms. hegon Scudder 1863: 2 White Mts. Fig
Clark 1952: Klots: Lindsey, etc., genitalia. Scudder
published samoset and hegon simultaneously: in 1872, as
first reviser, he put samoset as the specific name and hegon
as a synonym.
nemoris Edwards 1864: 3 Ohio.
argina Plotz 1884: “‘Brisbane”’. Copy of MS fig in B.M.:
reproduced Seitz vol g pl 170h (badly) and pl 1711 (fairly
well).
B.M. 1 9 Nova Scotia. 1 g 1 9 New York. 2 $ Montana.
2 ¢ Pennsylvania. 1 $ Iowa. 2 g U.S.A.
10a (8c). Upf (or unf) with a white spot in space 1b.
10ob (12a). Unh with grey scaling and small white spots.
Cilia chequered.
10 (11). Unf no white spot in space 1b. Uph without
markings. g§ F 13 mm.
texanae Bell 1927: 3$ Texas. Fig Klots: genitalia by
Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 3 6 2 9 Texas (Alpine. Brewster Co).
[1 (10). Unf with a white spot in space 1b. Uph with a
small spot and irregular discal spots. Upf (or unf) spots
in spaces 4 and 5. Unh extra spot in space 1c under origin
of vein 2 (often present in aesculapuus).
tolteca. 2 sub-species.
(a). Smaller (¢ F 13 mm.) and paler than the typical
form. Unf costa and apex, and all unh, densely overlaid
violet-grey scales.
Sub-sp. prenda nov: ¢ Oslar: Tucson, Arizona: 25th May
1903. 7
B.M. 1 3 Arizona. 2 2 Mexico (Sonora. Guaymas).
(b). Larger ($ F 14 mm.) and darker, due to the violet
scaling being sparse.
Sub-sp. tolteca Scudder 1872: Tehuantepec. Fig Godman
& Salvin, $ and genitalia: Seitz.
389
N.2. AMBLYSCIRTES
B.M. 11 3 2 2 Mexico (Orizaba. Guadalajara. Vallado-
lid. Acapulco. Iguala. Presidio. R. Balzas).
12a (10b). Unh without grey scaling. 3 F 14 mm.
12 (13). Unh brown, no scaling: veins more or less white:
discal spots united into a band. Upf spots faint in 3,
conspicuous in 2. Cilia chequered.
aesculapius Fabricius 1793: N. America: figured in Jones
Icones and figure examined in B.M.
Synonyms. textor Geyer 1831: U.S.A.: figured. Fig
Seitz: Holland: Klots: Clark 1952: genitalia by Lindsey,
ere:
oneko Scudder 1863: Connecticut.
wakulla Edwards 1869: 3 Florida.
B.M. 4 3 10 9 Virginia. 2 § Louisiana. 3 g 1 2 Texas.
t 9 Georgia. 1 2 New Mexico. 2 ¢ 2 2? Florida) aig
Ope
13 (12). Unh scaled dull yellow with rusty brown spots or
rusty brown with dull yellow spots (veversa), or nearly
uniform yellowish-brown. Above, markings conspicuous
upf and often present uph. Cilia not chequered.
carolina Skinner 1893: 3 N. Carolina. Fig Seitz: Holland:
Jones 1926: Klots: Clark 1952: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
Synonym. reversa Jones 1926: $ Virginia: figured. Fig
Clark 1952.
B.M. 19 N. Carolina. 8 ¢ 5 2 Virginia. 1 ¢ U.S.A.
14a (8b). Upf (or unf) without a cell spot, generally.
Vialis Group
14b (20). F with apical spots, at least indicated unf.
14 (15a). Cilia white, not chequered. Upf conspicuous
markings, extending into space 1b: uph with discal spots.
Unh with dense greenish scaling and the usual white spots.
$6 F 13 mm.
nereus Edwards 1876: ¢ Arizona. Fig Godman & Salvin,
é and genitalia: Seitz: Holland: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 10 ¢ 2 8 Arizona. 1 2 Mexico.
15a (14). Cilia more or less chequered. Upf no spot in
space 1b and none on uph.
ou]
N.z2. AMBLYSCIRTES
15 (16a). Unh abnormal, variegated with large white, dark
brown and greenish patches. § F 12 mm.
nysa Edwards 1877: 2 ‘Texas. Fig Holland: Klots: genitalia
by Lindsey, etc.
Synonym. szmilis Strecker 1878: 3 Texas.
B.M. 8 ¢ 29 Arizona. 4 5 2 ¢ Texas.
16a (15). Unh with grey scaling and white spots as usual.
16 (17a). Unh the grey scaling dense and the white spots
very conspicuous and dark-edged. 3 F 12 mm.
eos Edwards 1871: ¢ Texas. Fig Holland: Klots: genitalia
by Lindsey, etc.
Synonyms. comus Edwards 1876: 3 Texas. Fig Godman
& Salvin, 9: Seitz: types by Holland as eos.
nilus Edwards 1878: 3 Texas.
quinquemacula Skinner 1911: 2 New Mexico.
B.M. 2 g Arizona. 2 ¢ 2 2 Texas. 1 ¢ 1 9 Mexico (N.
Sonora).
17a (16). Unh grey scaling sparse and the white spots
generally inconspicuous or absent.
17 (18a). F apical spots abnormal, increasing in size from
space 6 to space 8, an additional spot in space g and white
streaks on the costa at the ends of spaces 8-11. Unh no
white markings. ¢ upf very short brand under vein 2.
6 F 13 mm.
vialis Edwards 1862: Illinois. Fig Scudder 1889, 3 and
genitalia: Holland: Seitz: Klots: Clark 1952: genitalia by
Lindsey, etc.
Synonym. asella Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
B.M. 9 37 Br Colombia. 1 ¢ Manitoba. 2 g Ontario.
55 6132 U.S.A. (Missouri. New York. New Hampshire.
New England. Pennsylvania. Maine. N. Carolina. Ohio.
Wisconsin. Virginia. Colorado. Texas. Florida).
18a (17). F apical spots normal, dots in spaces 6, 7, 8 and
no streaks on the costa.
18 (19). 3 F 12-14 mm. ¢ upf brands well developed,
against cubitus and a long streak under vein 2.
celia. 2 sub-species,
(a). Upf with cell spot. Wings less produced.
oot
N.z2. AMBLYSCIRTES
Sub-sp. celia Skinner 1895: ¢ Texas. Fig Holland: Klots:
genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 7 3 4 2 Texas (Pharr).
(b). Wings more produced. Darker. Spots upf larger.
Below, less grey scaling. 7
Sub-sp. belli Freeman 1941: g Texas. Fig Klots.
B.M. 5 3 2 2 Texas (Lancaster. Dallas: presented by
H. A. Freeman).
19 (18). ¢ F 11 mm. ¢ upf brands reduced to a tiny dash
above vein 2, against the cubitus.
alternata Grote & Robinson 1867: 2 Georgia. Fig Holland:
Klots: Clark 1952: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
Synonym. meridionalis Dyar 1925: 3 Georgia.
B.M. 1 ¢ 1 9 Alabama. 4 ¢ 5 2 Florida. Ipgsapeee
Carolina. 3 9 Georgia. 2 9? Texas. 5 ¢ 2 2 U.S.A.
20 (14b). Unmarked except for some white scaling unh and
at apex unf. g upf long brand under vein 2. ¢ F124 mm
florus Godman 1go0o: ¢ Mexico: type B.M.: genitalia
figured.
Synonym. mate Dyar 1923: Mexico, Guerrero.
B.M. Only the type.
2la (1a). Unh and elsewhere unmarked.
Phylace Group
21 (22a). Palpi below with ochreous and black hairs.
Cilia H dark brown: paler, more or less chequered F;
3 upf very narrow stigma broken at vein 2 and extending
just below that vein. ¢ F 14 mm.
anubis Godman 1900: $ Mexico: type B.M.: figured 3 and
genitalia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 16 3 6 2 Mexico (Omilteme, Guerrero. Orizaba).
22a (21). Palpi below orange or white. g¢ F 14 mm.
22 (23). Cilia brown to grey. Palpi below, orange in 4,
white in 2. g upf broad and short brand covering vein 2
near its origin.
phylace Edwards 1878: $ Colorado. Fig Seitz: Comstock:
Holland: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
392
N.3. LERODEA
Bivinnes ore? Colorado; 1) 2 Arizona) 72 4 2 °°) New
Mexico.
23 (22). Cilia orange, also palpi, below, in ¢ and 9. ¢ upf
narrow broken grey stigma from origin vein 3 to vein I.
fimbriata Plotz 1882: 2 Mexico. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. bellus Edwards 1884: 5S. Arizona. Fig Seitz:
Holland: Skinner 1900: genitalia by Godman & Salvin
and by Lindsey, etc.
Evin to's 4° Arizona; 1 ¢ Texas. 1 42 2 Mexico
(Milpas. Jalapa).
N.3. LERODEA Scudder 1872: type eufala Edwards:
fixed by author.
Antennae < 4 costa: club stout, ovate = 4 shaft: apiculus
= width of club: nudum 5/6. Palpi appressed: third seg-
ment short, stout, not protruding beyond the hairs of the
second segment. Mid tibiae with a few long spines. Re-
sembles Cymaenes but the body is stouter and the form of
the antennal club considerably different. ¢ no brand or
stigma. F vein 2 nearer end cell than base.
| (2a). Unh plain: super-scaling inconspicuous, rarely faint
traces of pale discal spots. ¢ F 13 mm.
eufala. 2 sub-species.
(a). Upf generally with well-marked hyaline white spots
in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8, may be an upper or 2 spots in cell
and more rarely an opaque spot in space 1b.
Sub-sp. eufala Edwards 1869: 3 Florida. Fig Holland:
Seitz: genitalia by Godman & Salvin and Lindsey, etc.:
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonyms. dispersa Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
floridae Mabille 1876: Florida.
micylla Burmeister 1878: Argentine.
obscura Mabille 1904: as “‘var’’ of floridae.
B.M. 69 3 40 2 U.S.A. (Texas. Georgia. Florida.
Alabama. California. Arizona). 1 ¢ 1 2 Mexico. 1 9
Guatemala. 1 g 1 9 Panama. 7 3 5 2 Colombia. 4 3 2 ?
Venezuela. 9 5 4 2 Ecuador. 1 ¢ Bolivia. 1 g¢ Pernam-
buco. 1 g 2 2 Minas Geraes. 4 3 4 2? S. Brazil (Rio.
Parana. Santa Catharina. Petropolis. Novo Friborgo).
395
N.3. LERODEA
3 6 3 2 Paraguay. 1 ¢ Uruguay. 41 ¢ 17 2 Argentine.
t.g 2 Cuba.
(b). Upf spotting and super-scaling below, reduced
generally, and may be absent, though normally marked
specimens occur.
Sub-sp. concepcionis Strand 1920: 2 Chili.
Synonyms. fusca Reed 1877: 2 Valdivia: type B.M.
Homonym of fusca Grote & Robinson 1869.
reedt Hayward 1940: g Chill.
BM: 7 ¢ 3 2 Chih. 6 ¢ 1 Fatagoum.
2a (1). Unh more or less variegated.
2b (6a). Upf 2 cell spots, if present, not in line with spot
im space 2. )),-
2c (5). Cilia not chequered.
2 (3a). Unh no central dark area, violet-grey except for
brown costa and abdominal fold. Unf triangular violet-
grey area below apex, broadest at vein 5. Upf small white
spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8, one, two or no spots in cell.
$ F 14 mm.
xenos Mabille 1897: Bolivia.
B.M. 4 3 Peru (Carabaya. Limbani. Agualani).
3a (2). Unh with a central darkened area.
3 (4). Unh, and also showing uph, with conspicuous discal
white spots in spaces 1b-5 and 7 (larger). Upf conspic-
uous spots in spaces Ib, 2, 3, 6-8 (conjoined), cell
(upper)? oF 15 mins:
arabus Edwards 1882: $ Arizona. Genitalia fig Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 1 ¢ Arizona.
4 (3). Unh no spots. Upf as avabus, but in 2 spots reduced
and in ¢ the cell spot is at the lower edge of cell. ¢ F
14 mm. May be a sub-species of arabus.
dysaules Godman i1goo: ¢ Mexico: type B.M.: figured.
Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 3 1 2 Mexico (Guerrero, Zapilote).
5 (2c). Cilia chequered. Unh grey scaled, conspicuously
variegated with pale discal and central spots. Upf ¢ with
spots in spaces 2, 3, 6-8 and 2 cell spots, which are absent
in the 9 and the discal spots are reduced. ¢ F 14 mm.
Superficially like Nastra warrent.
394
N.3. LERODEA
erythrostictus Prittwitz 1868: ¢ Corcovado, Rio: Fig
Seitz: Hayward 1951.
B.M. 1 2 Minas Geraes. 1 ¢ 1 2 Matto Grosso. 4 3 3 2
S. Brazil (Rio).
6a (2b). Upf 2 cell spots in line with spot in space 2, spots
also in spaces 3, 6-8 and 1b. ¢ F 13 mm.
6 (7). Unh grey with vague white discal spots and dark
dashes between veins on disc, longest in spaces 4 and 5.
gracia Dyar 1913: Peru.
Synonym. forbesi Lindsey 1925: 3 Peru: figured, $ and
genitalia.
B.M. 6 3 4 @ Peru (Callao. Lima. Chosica. Elen).
7 (6). Unh with suffused whitish discal spots, no dark
streaks.
emba nov: ¢ Peru, Amazonas, Chachapoyas: M. de Mathan
1889.
B.M. Only the type.
Unidentified in B.M. Described in Lerodea:—
8. unipunctata Hayward 1934: 2 Argentine: figured. Fig
Hayward 1951, 9. @ F 15 mm. Upf one apical spot: unh
ochreous-brown, with some grey scaling.
9. incomptus Hayward 1934: 3 Argentine: figured. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3g and genitalia. Unmarked brown: greyer
below. Genitalia figures of 1934 and 1951 differ. g F
14 mm.
10. unicolor Hayward 1938: $ Paraguay: genitalia figured.
Unmarked yellowish-brown. ¢ F 13 mm.
Il. uniformis Hayward 1938: 3 Argentine: genitalia figured.
Fig Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia. Unmarked yellowish-
brown. $ F 13 mm.
12. olivacea Hayward 1938: 3 Argentine: genitalia figured.
Fig Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia. Unmarked brown,
except for obscure spot near tornus H. 3g F 13 mm.
13. cocalus Hayward 1939: ¢ Argentine: genitalia figured.
Fig Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia. ¢ F 15 mm. Upf 2
discal and 2 apical pale yellow spots (3 of each in figure). —
A.H.—26 395
N.4. OLIGORIA
Unh paler postdiscal area. Type sent for examination has
no antennae.
14. mocoreta Hayward 1939: 3 Argentine: genitalia figured.
Fig Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia. ¢ F 12 mm. Upf
3 discal and 3 apical spots. Unh faint discal spots.
15. modesta Hayward 1940: ¢ Ecuador: genitalia figured.
¢ F 11 mm. Unmarked, brown: unf apex with a rufous
sheen.
16. casta Hayward 1941: $ Ecuador: genitalia figured. Un-
marked, brown. ¢ F 13 mm.
17. williamsi Hayward 1941: 3 Ecuador: genitalia figured.
Unmarked brown. ¢ F 13 mm.
18. remea Bell 1941: 3 Santa Catharina: genitalia figured.
Upf like tripunctus. Unh no trace of spots. ¢ F 15 mm.
19. similea Bell 1942: 3 Mexico: genitalia figured. g¢ F
15 mm. Unmarked dark brown: above, scaled rusty
fulvous.
20. hoffmanni Bell 1947: $ Mexico: genitalia figured. ¢ F
12mm. Upf fuscous with small yellowish spots in spaces
tb-3, 6-8 and cell. Unh paler, faint signs of discal spots.
N.4. OLIGORIA Scudder 1872: type maculata Edwards:
fixed by author.
Antennae = 4 costa: shaft chequered, yellow under club:
club stout, long = 4 shaft, bent beyond thickest part to an
apiculus rather longer than width of club: nudum 6/8. Palpi
rather broad, third segment short, conical. Legs, mid and
hind tibiae spined. 3 no secondary sexual characters.
Single species. ¢ F 17mm. Above, dark brown: upf with
hyaline white spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8. Uph may have
a spot in space 3. Below, paler, overlaid dark ochreous-
brown scales. Unf a white discal area in space 1b. Unh
generally with conspicuous white spots in spaces 2, 3 and
6. 2° may have a white spot in space 1b upf.
maculata Edwards 1865: 2 New Orleans: figured. Fig
Seitz: Holland: Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
396
N.4. OLIGORIA
Synonyms. gvossula Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
deleta Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
norus Plétz 1883: New Orleans.
orthomenes Scudder 1889: Boisduval MS.
B.M. 32 3 52 2 Florida. 3 $ Georgia. 3 $ Louisiana.
Zig 29> Dexas.
She
O. CALPODES GROUP
Generally brown species with the antennal club constricted
before the apiculus: the length of the nudum on the club
= the apiculus. The palpi are flattened against the head:
third segment short and stout. The termen of the hindwing
is straight or excavate. |
The group has been divided into 6 sub-groups of which
the last 2 are very abnormal.
Primarily a Neotropical group, but species of Calpodes,
Panoquina and Nyctelius have penetrated into the U.S.A.
and the W. Indies.
The group is represented in the Old World by the Gegenes
group, which is primarily Tropical, but has penetrated into
the Palaearctic region in the Mediterranean and China.
KEY TO GENERA
la (18a). Legs, brown or yellow. Antennae angled at
apiculus.
tb (5a). Antennae short, < 4} costa.
Calpodes Sub-group
1 (2a). The nudum occupies ? of the club: 9/8. Mid legs
spined. Antennae very short, not reaching to the origin of
vein 11. With hyaline spots on both wings. F 22 mm.
Calpodes. 1 species. U.S.A.—Argentine. W. Indies.
2a (1). Nudum occupies 4 club or less. Antennae reach to
origin of vein II.
2 (3a). Mid tibiae smooth. ¢ with stigma upf in only one
species. Hyaline spots only on F and, except in I species,
always with a prominent spot in space 1b. Unh plain, or
spotted, or white banded. F 15-25 mm. Nudum 5/8~-7/9.
Panoquina. 15 species. U.S.A.—Argentine. W. Indies.
3a (2). Mid tibiae spined:
398
GROUP O. CALPODES
3 (4). Hind tibiae with 2 pairs of spurs, as usual. Apex F
truncate. § upf with brands or a hair pencil in a groove
in space Ib. F 17-22 mm. Nudum 5/10.
Zenis. 2 species. Mexico—Argentine.
4 (3). Hind tibiae, upper pair of spurs absent. No brands.
Nudum 8/8. F 16-20 mm. Upf with cell and discal spots.
Unh variegated.
Tirynthoides. 2 species. Venezuela—Argentine.
5a (1b). Antennae = 4 costa or longer.
5b (12a). F cell < dorsum.
Niconiades Sub-group
5 (6a). Mid tibiae smooth. No brands. Nudum 9/8.
Unh white band. F 20 mm.
Tirynthia 3 species. Nicaragua—Argentine.
6a (5). Maid tibiae spined.
Op (11). Antennae — 4 costa, reaching to origin of vein Io.
6c (ga). Antennal club = + shaft.
6 (7a). 3d upf no brands or stigma. Nudum 8/8. Upf
plain: unh variegated. F 18 mm.
Nyctelius. 2 species. Guatemala—Argentine. W. Indies.
7a (6). 3 upf with secondary sexual characters.
7 (8). dS upf with a stigma. H with hyaline spots. Unf with
a conspicuous pale streak to apex: unh very variegated.
Nudum 7/9. F 14-24 mm.
Thespieus. 29 species. Mexico—Argentine.
8 (7). 3 upf with an oval brand over basal part of vein 1 and
there may be a brand under vein 2. Unh variegated or
with a white band. F 17-24 mm. Nudum 6/9.
Vacerra. 7 species. NS eta aaa:
Ya (6c). Antennal club = 4 shaft.
g (10). 3 upf with a stigma. Unh with or without a white
band. F 18-20 mm. Nudum 9/9.
Lindra nov: type Carystus simulius Druce. 2 species.
Ecuador-—Brazil.
10 (9). 3 upf with brands. Unh a white band. F 17 mm.
Nudum 7/8.
399
GROUP O. CALPODES
Oxynthes. 2 species. Mexico—Brazil.
I! (6b). Antennae > $ costa, reaching to origin of vein 8.
Abdomen generally much < dorsum H and vein Ia is
usually longer than vein 1b. Uph may have hyaline spots
and unh usually a white band. Nudum 6/10. F 16—
18 mm.
Niconiades. 13 species. Mexico—Argentine.
12a (5b). F cell = or > dorsum.
12b (14a). H cell > $ wing. Nudum 7/10.
Aides Sub-group; Resembling Epargyreus
12 (13). Termen F and H excavate. ¢ upf with or without
brands. Unh with large silver spots which may differ
sexually in character. F 23-25 mm.
Aides. 6 species. Mexico—Argentine.
13 (12). Termen F and H straight. ¢ upf with brands. Unh
conspicuous white band. F 22-26 mm.
XMeniades. 4 species. Costa Rica—Paraguay.
4a (12b). H cell = $ wing.
Thracides Sub-group
14b (16a). Antennae = $ costa reaching origin of vein 10.
14 (15). Mid tibiae smooth. Brown species with conspic-
uous and similar hyaline spots F and H: unh generally
inwardly pale and outwardly dark: abdomen generally
white with dark central line. No brands. Nudum 6/10.
if 20-20 min:
Saliana nov: type Papilio salius Cramer. 19 species.
Mexico—Argentine.
15 (14). Mid tibiae spined. Blue or green species variously
marked: end of abdomen often red. ¢ upf generally with
a stigma. Nudum 7/11. F 21-25 mm.
Thracides. 7 species. Mexico—Brazil.
16a (14b). Antennae > $ costa, reaching to origin of vein 9.
Above, bases blue or green. Nudum 6/10.
| 400
O.1. CALPODES
16 (17). F with hyaline spots. ¢ upf generally with short
brands: unh may be variegated. F 17-25 mm. Mid tibiae
spined or smooth.
Neoxeniades. 10 species. Mexico—S. Brazil.
17 (16). Above, unmarked: unh plain or with a pale border.
3 upf no stigma or brands: uph with a hair tuft near base
of space 1b. F 22-25 mm. Maid tibiae spined.
Aroma nov: type Hesperia aroma Hewitson. 2 species.
Costa Rica—Brazil.
18a (1a). Legs, tibiae and tarsi black. Antennae obtuse at
apiculus.
18 (19a). Hind tibiae without the upper pair of spurs.
Nudum 5/10. 3 upf with an obscure brand. F and H
with conspicuous hyaline markings: unh pale green with
black veins and areas. Head white spotted. F 24 mm.
A species with no near ally.
Chloearia Sub-group
Chloearia. 1 species. Colombia—Bolivia and N. Brazil.
19a (18). Hind tibiae with 2 pairs of spurs. Nudum 38/9.
3 uph with a long hair pencil in space 1b. End abdomen
generally red. F 23-27 mm.
Pseudosarbia Sub-group; Resembling Pyrrhopyginae
1g (20). H tornus produced: termen excavate at end
vein 2 and angled at vein 1b. F cell = dorsum. Above,
plain: unh with black veins.
Pyrrhopygopsis. 4 species. Colombia—Argentine.
20 (19). H tornus rounded. F cell < dorsum. Above and
unh, yellow banded.
Pseudosarbia. 2 species. Matto Grosso—Argentine.
Keys to Species
O.1. CALPODES Hiibner 1819: type ethlus Stoll: fixed
by Scudder 1872.
Antennae very short 3& of costa: club = } shaft, ovate,
constricted before apiculus, which = 4 length of club:
401
O.2. PANOQUINA
nudum 9/8. Palpi very flattened; third segment short, stout.
Mid tibiae with 2 rows of spines. Wing shape of Azdes: F
venation as for Xeniades: H cell = $ wing. ¢ no secondary
sexual characters.
Single species. ¢ F 22 mm. Above, brown, bases dull
ochreous, greenish hairs on thorax. Upf hyaline white
spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 and a lower cell spot. Uph
with a stepped row of hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3 and 4-5.
Below, apex and costa F and all H pale ochreous-brown,
spots as above. |
ethlius Stoll 1782: Surinam: figured. Fig Seitz: Holland:
Comstock: Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia: Godman &
Salvin, venation and genitalia.
Synonyms. chemnis Fabricius 1793: Indies.
olynthus Boisduval & Le Conte 1829: 3 Georgia: figured.
B.M. 17 3 16 § U.S.A. (Georgia. Florida. Louisiana.
Texas). 9 d 9 2 Mexico. 3 g 2 9 Guatemala. 5 ¢ 5 9
Honduras. 1 ¢ Nicaragua. 2 ¢ 3 2 Costa Rica. 4 9
Panama. 9 3 3 2? Colombia. 9 3 4 2 Venezuela. 1 g 1 2
Trinidad. 1 ¢ Tobago. 2 ¢ 1 9 Br Guiana. 1 9 Surinam.
363 9 Fr Guiana. 3 ¢ 4 2 Ecuador. 4 6% 9 Pema
Bolivia. 14 ¢ 14 2 Para. 1 $ Pernambuco. 1 2 Minas
Geraes. 1 9 Goyaz. 1 9 Matto Grosso. 11 Geen
Brazil. 5 3 3 ¢ Paraguay. 16 6 4 2 Argentine. 14 g 102
Jamaica. 9 3 1 2 Martinique. 4 2 Cuba. 7 3 7 2 Domi-
nica. 8 $ 10 9 Barbados. 1 $ Bahamas. 1 ¢ Antigua.
1 $ Montserrat. 1 ¢ 1 Q Haiti. 1 9 Guadaloupe. 1 ¢
Grenada. 3 ¢ St Lucia. 7 ¢ 3 2 St Vincent. |
0.2. PANOQUINA Hemming 1934: type panoquin
Scudder, fixed by author.
Synonym. Prenes Scudder 1872: type panoquin Scudder,
fixed by author: homonym of Prenes Gistler 1848.
Very variable in structure, but easily recognised.
la (3a). F termen straight and apex not truncate: cell shorter
than dorsum. yeh
1 (2). Unh with a conspicuous white streak in space 4 and
usually also in space 1c. ¢ F 16 mm.
panoquin Scudder 1863: Connecticut. Fig Skinner 1go1:
402
O.z2. PANOQUINA
Seitz: Holland 1931: Klots: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.,
O31;
Synonyms. op/is Edwards 1870: $ Florida.
cochles (Latreille MS) Scudder 1889 = panoquin.
wimico (Pl6tz MS) Godman 1907 = panoquin.
Paisano 242) >. A. (Philadelphia. “Connecticut.
Georgia. Pennsylvania. New Jersey. Florida).
2 (1). Unh with a more or less well-developed row of discal
white spots in spaces 2-6.
panoquinoides. 4 sub-species.
(a). Upf hyaline spots clear. Unh generally with the discal
spots complete, veins pale. ¢ F 15 mm.
Sub-sp. errans Skinner 1893: ¢ California. Fig Comstock:
Holland: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 27 3 16 ¢ California. 2 $¢ S. Brazil (Rio. Novo
Friborgo: ? wrong labels).
(b). Upf hyaline spots reduced and obscured by yellow
scaling. Unh spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6. ¢ F 13 mm.
Sub-sp. panoquinoides Skinner 1892: ¢ Florida. Fig
Skinner 1go00: Holland: genitalia by Lindsey, etc.
B.M. 4 3 Florida. 1 ¢ Texas. 4 $ 8 2 Cayman Is. 1 2
Tobago. 1 $ Pernambuco.
(c). Upf as panoquinotdes, but spots clear. Unh spots
absent or very faint. g F 13 mm.
Sub-sp. eugeon Godman & Salvin 1896: 3g Grenada: type
B.M.
B.M. 2 3 1 2 Grenada. 1 2 Grenadines (Union Is).
(d). Upf spots as in errans, but the spot in space 4 is
placed nearer to the spot in space 3 and typically there is
a small cell spot as in panoquin. Unh with conspicuous
pale veins and typically with a single discal spot in space 6,
but 1 ¢ has a complete row as in errans. § F 15 mm.
Sub-sp. calna nov: 3 Callao, Peru: J. J. Walker: type B.M.
Beavi:. 2 3.1 2 Callao.
3a (1a). F termen more or less excavate at end of vein 2,
causing apex to appear truncate: cell = or > dorsum.
3b (15). Upf spot in cell, if present, against the cubitus
and not extending across cell. No ¢ brand.
3 (4a). Upf with a conspicuous spot in space 4, larger
403
O.z2. PANOQUINA
than the apical spots and out of line therewith, nearer to
termen. Unh with variegated and irregular white mark-
ings and pale veins. ¢ F 18 mm.
peraea Hewitson 1866: 3 Rio: type B.M.
B.M. 4362925. Brazil (Caraca. Rio. Sao Paulo).
4a (3). Upf spot in space 4, if present, no larger than the
apical spots and in line therewith.
4b (11a). ¢ F not more than 18 mm.
4c (ga). Unh discal band absent or, if present, composed
of small well-separated spots. :
4 (5a). ¢ 2 F no cell spot (very rarely present as a small
dot over the inner edge of the spot in space 2): spots
white. Unh plain pale brown, rarely with traces of a
blurred discal band, and @ rarely with purple wash as in
syluicola. Gnathos arms connivent: uncus arms broad and
blunt, close together. ¢ F ¥7 mm. -
ocola Edwards 1863: 3 Texas. Fig Holland ¢ (2 fig ?
correct). Genitalia fig by Lindsey, etc. Godman & Salvin
fig = hecebolus. Fig Hayward 1934 as nero form and as
cornelius.
Synonyms. stratyllis Burmeister 1878: Argentine.
heterospila Mabille 1878: Peru.
ortygia Moschler 1882: Surinam.
B.M. 28 3 21 2 U.S.A. (Florida. Georgia. California.
Alabama. Mississipi. Texas. Idaho). 3 $ Mexico. 7 3
3 2? Guatemala. 1 g Nicaragua. 2 $ 1 9 Costa Rica. 1 g
Panama. 2 2? Colombia. 5 ¢ 4 2 Venezuela, Sega
Trinidad. 8 ¢ 4 9 Br Guiana. 3 ¢ Fr’ Guianaeeeee
Surinam. 1o ¢ 6 9 Ecuador. 1 3 1 9 Pere ae
Bolivia. 9 ¢ 1 9 Upper Amazons. 5 ¢ 2 2 Para. 1 3
R. Madeira. 1 ¢ 2 2 Pernambuco. 1 ¢ Goyaz. 1 9 Porto
Real. 1 ¢ 2 9 Matto Grosso. 7 ¢ Pena Branca. 1 ¢ Rio
Grande. 1 ¢ 1 2 Parana. 5 5 3 9 Paraguay. 8 ¢ 7 Q
Argentine. 4 g Cuba. 2 $ 1 9 Jamaica. 2 ¢ Santo
Domingo.
5a (4). ¢ 2 F with a cell spot.
5b (8). 3 2 F cell spot small and rounded.
5 (6a). 3 F spots small and yellow: cell spot widely
separated from the spot in space 2: no spot in space 4.
404
O.2. PANOQUINA
© cell spot well marked, with its centre over the inner edge
of the spot in space 2. Unh brown, veins rather paler: no
trace of a pale band: 2 rarely with a purple wash. Uncus
and gnathos arms connivent: uncus arms tapered to a
sharp point. ¢ F 17 mm.
hecebolus Scudder 1872: $ Tehuantepec. Fig Godman
& Salvin with genitalia as ocola.
Synonym. parilis Mabille 1891: Chiriqui.
B.M. 29 3 1 2 Mexico. 3 ¢ 3 @ Guatemala. 1 ¢ Hon-
duras. 1 g Salvador. 4 5 Nicaragua. 6 $ Colombia. 1 3
Peo eneiela... 495372) Trinidad, 1 oy 21 be Guiana.
woes ¢- Heuador, 7 6 Peru. 2:6 Bolivia. 4 g)1/9) Para.
1 $ Goyaz. 1 $ Porto Real. 1 $ Pernambuco. 1 ¢ Rio.
1 $ Paraguay.
6a (5). 3 ¢ F spots white: cell spot a small dot near inner
edge of spot in space 2: a spot in space 4.
6 (7). Unh pale brown, white discal spots incomplete or
absent, generally present in spaces 2, 4 and 5. Uncus and
gnathos arms wide apart. ¢ F 17 mm.
chapada nov: ¢ Chapada, Matto Grosso: H. H. Smith:
type B.M.
B.M. 4 3 1 2 Goyaz. 16 g 1 2 Matto Grasso.
7 (6). Unh dark brown with the band of small white spots
quite straight and complete from space Ic to space 6,
parallel to termen. Uncus arms approximate: gnathos
arms wide apart: back of cuiller of clasp conspicuously
produced, a unique feature in the genus. ¢ F 17 mm.
trix nov: $ Chapada, Matto Grosso: H. H. Smith: type
B.M.
B.M. 1 2 Ecuador (La Chima). 1 $ Peru (Rio Colorado).
1 ¢ Amazons. 4 $ Matto Grosso.
8 (5b). 3 F cell spot long and narrow, extending from over
inner edge of spot in space 2 to beyond origin of vein 2,
a unique feature in the genus. @ F cell spot small and
placed with its inner edge in line with the inner edge of
the spot in space 2: in 22 of other species the cell spot is
slightly nearer to the base: outer edge of spot in space 2
more excavate than usual and the lower part is prolonged
along vein 2 towards the termen. 3 unh brown, discal
405
O.2. PANOQUINA
spots more or less well developed and sometimes blue
tinged. @ unh may be as 3, but frequently the entire
wing, except from mid space 1a to mid space Ic is shining
blue, purple or violet. ¢ F 18 mm. Arms of uncus and
enathos equally wide apart.
sylvicola Herrich-Schaffer 1865: Cuba. Fig Goda &
Salvin as nero, 2 and genitalia: fig Seitz 9: Holland 2 as
nero: Hayward 1934 as nero fufidia, 2: Lindsey, etc.,
genitalia.
Synonym. woodruffi Watson 1937: 3 Porto Rico. Fig
Comstock 1944, 3 from St Thomas.
B.M. 17 ¢ 16 2 Cuba. 7 6 5 9 Cayman Ek. Gee
St Lucia. 3 6,1 2 St Kitts. 1 ¢ Guadeloupertaae
Antigua. 10 § 8 2 Dominica. 7 $ 4 9 Haiti. 15 g 11 Q
Jamaica. 1 3 2 2 U.S.A. (Idaho). 1 ¢ 1 9? Mexmcgomae
2 9 Guatemala. 1 $ Nicaragua. 1 ¢ Honduras. 1 ¢ 2 Q
Costa Rica. 5 ¢ 5 2 Panama. 6 3 6 9 Colombia. 11 3g 12 2
Venezuela. 4 5 1 9 Trinidad. 1 g 1 2 Tobago. 13 $69
Br Guiana. 1 6 1 9 Fr Guiana. 1 ¢ 1 9 Surman
1 2 Ecuador. 7 3.7 2 Peru. 2 3 2 2 Bolivia. 2 f 2 See
Amazons. 6 3 6 9 Para. 1 ¢ Bahia. 1 g¢ Pernambuco.
3 ¢ Minas Geraes. 7 $895. Brazil. 13 3 8 2 Argentine.
9a (4c). Unh band solid, white. Upf with spot in space 4.
9 (10). Unh width of band from 1 to 13 mm. wide and at
lower end turns towards termen. Uncus arms approxi-
mate, gnathos arms wide apart: back of clasp angled rather
than rounded. $ F 17 mm.
bola Bell 1942: 3 Bolivia: genitalia figured. |
B.M. 3 3 Br Guiana. 4 3g Bolivia (Reyes. Buenavista).
1 9 Amazons. 2 ¢ 1 2 Matto Grosso.
10 (9). Unh band 5 mm. wide at lower end, where it turns
towards base. Upf usually no cell spot. Uncus and
gnathos arms equally wide apart, as in mero and fusina.
g F 18 mm.
corrupta Herrich-Schaffer 1865: Cuba. Fig Seitz.
BM.) 20 ¢i11. 9 Cunha,
Ila (4b). g F 20 mm. or more.
I! (12a). Unh band directed to mid dorsum, narrow,
I mm. wide and even. Upf with spot in space 4: cell spot
406
O.2. PANOQUINA
small and widely separated from spot in space 2. ¢ F
22 mm. Genitalia like fusina and corrupta.
nero Fabricius 1798: American Islands. Fig Butler 1869
from Haiti: other figures are of fusina or sylvtcola.
Synonym. belli Watson 1937: 3 Porto Rico. Fig Com-
stock 1944 from Porto Rico.
B.M. 20 36 2 9 Haiti. 2 $ Porto Rico. 1 2 Cuba.
12a (11). Unh band directed to tornus. Genitalia as in nero:
variation in the clasp seems as much individual as specific
or subspecific.
12b (14). Unh discal band separated from termen by at
least its own width.
12 (13). Unh discal band regular and continuous. ¢ F spot
in space 2 nearer to cell spot than to the spot in space 3:
very rarely a spot in space 4. 5 F 22 mm. A protean
species, which represents vero on the Continent.
fusina. 5 sub-species or forms.
(a). Unh chocolate, discal band broad, 2 mm., macular,
dark shining purple-blue: a modification of fuszna.
Sub-sp. evansi Freeman 1946: 3 Pharr, Texas.
B.M. 3 3 1 2 Guatemala. 1 $ Trinidad.
(b). Unh chocolate, discal band compact, white, broad,
faperine trom 1 mm. at costa to 3 mm. at vein 2. A
modification of fufidia.
Sub-sp. sonta nov: ¢ Chiriqui: type B.M.: fig Godman
& Salvin pl 96/7 as nero corrupta.
B.M. 8 3 1 2 Panama. 1 $ Colombia (discal band curled
inwards at costa).
(c). Unh chocolate or brown, discal band narrow, gener-
ally 1 mm., but some specimens are intermediate to sonta.
Typical fusina has the band narrow, often macular, white,
more or less intensely tinged purple or blue. ‘Typical
fufidia has the band clear white and the uppermost spot is
separated. ‘he two forms occur together and intergrade.
Sub-sp. fusina Hewitson 1868: g Santarem: type B.M.
Synonym. fufidia Hewitson 1877: ? loc. Fig Seitz as
nero: his fig of fufidia = sylvicola 9.
B.M. 1 ¢ Colombia (Bogota). 1 ¢ 1 2 Br. Guiana. 3 3
Surinam. 4 $ Peru (La Merced. Rio Colorado. Carabaya).
407
O.2. PANOQUINA
2 3 1 2 Bolivia (Santa Cruz de la Sierra. La Paz). 11 3
5 29 Upper Amazons (Upper Putumayo. Pebas. Iquitos.
Itaituba. Santarem). 6 3 3 Q Para.
(d). Unh, except from mid space 1a to mid space Ic,
entirely glossed purple or blue, as also is the apex unf
generally: veins often whitish: typically the white band
tapers from I mm. at costa to 2 mm. at vein 2, but is
variable. Above, ochreous clothing brighter and upf spots
larger, particularly those in space 1b and the cell.
Sub-sp. viola nov: ¢ Rio Grande, Brazil: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 1 2 Honduras. 1 g Colombia. 1 ¢ Bolivia
(Santa Cruz de la Sierra). 2 $ Pernambuco. 1 2 Minas
Geraes. 1 9 Matto Grosso. 9 3 3.2 S. Brazil (Tiuco.
Parana. Espirito Santo. Rio Grande). 5 3 Paraguay.
(ce). 2 Larger, F 28 mm. Unh and apex unf brilliantly
violet glossed: white band narrow, straight and regular,
14mm. A modification of viola.
Sub-sp. jumbo nov: 2 Jamaica: type B.M.
B.M. 2 2 Jamaica.
_ 13 (12). Unh band irregular, white: beyond band to termen
purple glossed, divided by dark veins: cilia at tornus white.
Upf markings small. 3 F 23 mm.
pauper. 2 sub-species.
(a). Unh band usually reduced to a large elongate spot in
space Ic and smaller spots in spaces 2 and at costa in
space 7.
Sub-sp. pauper Mabille 1878: ¢ Colombia. Fig Godman
& Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz.
B.M. 1 3 5 2 Mexico. 1 ¢ Guatemala. 3 ¢ Honduras.
1 $ Colombia.
(b). Unh band extends to vein 6 followed by faint spots
in spaces 6 and 7: a well-marked cell spot usually present
(unique feature in genus).
Sub-sp. grapte Druce 1908: 3 Peru: figured: type B.M.
Fig Seitz.
B.M. 2 3 1 2 Colombia (Cauca. R. Dagua). 13 ¢ 1 9
Peru (Moyabamba. Chanchamayo. La Merced. Huanca-
bamba. Carabaya). 3 ¢ 1 2 Bolivia (Mapiri. La Paz.
Santa Cruz de la Sierra).
| 408
0.3. ZENIS
14 (12b). Unh white band very broad at vein 2, broader than
the chocolate area between the band and the termen.
luctuosa. 3 sub-species.
(a). Unh white band continued to space 7 tapering from
g to2mm. Upf spots small, no cell spot. ¢ F 25 mm.
Sub-sp. luctuosa Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc: type B.M.
Fig Seitz.
B.M. 4 3 Venezuela (type is marked Venezuela).
(b). Unh band as in luctuosa. Above, ochreous clothing
much brighter, spots larger, conspicuous cell spot. ¢ F
23 mm.
Sub-sp. fonda nov: 3 Ecuador, Zamora: 4000 feet:
QO. 'T. Barron: type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ type loc.
(c). Unh band not extending above vein 6. Above, as
luctuosa. § F 25 mm.
Sub-sp. cineas nov: § Huancabamba, N. Peru, 6—10,000
feet: type B.M.
Pv tg E. Beuador. 114 Ecuador (Ambato). 1614
Peru (Pozuzo. Chanchamayo. La Merced. Rio Colorado.
Carabaya).
15 (3b). Upf spot across the cell: ¢ with a brand from vein 1
to vein 3. Uncus undivided. ¢ F 24 mm.
evadnes Stoll 1781: ? loc: figured. Fig Seitz: Staudinger
1888: Godman & Salvin, 3 and genitalia.
Synonym. chlorus Plétz 1882: Surinam.
Perino 5 > Guatemala, 57°35 3.2 Hondurasy 403
Nicaragua. 5 3 5 ¢ Costa Rica. 6 9 29 Panama. 14 349
Colombia. Oo ¢ 2°9 Venezucla. 2 4 12 Trinidad. 15 6 2
Br Guiana. 3 3 3 2 Fr Guiana. 1 @ Surinam. 14 3 6 @
Ecuador. 6 $29 Peru. 5 5 2 2 Bolivia. 8 3 9 9 Amazons.
Me ies. bia“, 1 4 Mecntme.
0.3. ZENIS Godman igoo: type jebus Plétz: fixed by
author as minos Latreille, which had been misidentified and
the diagnosis was based on jebus.
Antennae short 3% costa: shaft plain, whitish under club:
club } shaft, bent beyond middle to apiculus, which = 4
club: nudum 5/10. Palpi, second segment flattened; third
stout, conical, erect. Mid tibiae smooth in type: spined in
409
0.3. ZENIS
minos. F cell long = dorsum: costa produced; apex trun-
cate. H lower, outer, end of cell turned up. 3 with differing
secondary sexual characters. T‘egumen produced at back,
behind uncus.
| (2). Upf no hyaline spot in space 9. Mid tibiae spined.
3 upf with inconspicuous dark brands, angled section
above origin of vein 2, short brands below vein 2 and
above vein 1. ¢ F 22mm. Above, black with conspicuous
hyaline white spots, lower one in cell, in spaces 2, 3, 4
and 6, 7, 8 on F: on H a white discal band from spaces 2
to 6. Cilia narrowly white from tornus to vein 2 on F and
H. Below, dark brown: unf apex and all unh, except
abdominal fold, with an indigo-blue glaze. Unf veins
whitish. Unh the white band continued yellow to costa
and to space 1c, followed by a white dash mid dorsum.
minos Latreille 1824: 2 Brazil: type B.M. Figures by
Godman & Salvin, Seitz, Zikan 1938 and Hayward 1951
are all referable to jebus.
Synonyms. hemizona Dyar 1918: Mexico.
rhadamantus Zikan 1938: 3 Itatiaya: figured.
B.M. 4 2 Mexico. 1 ¢ Honduras. 8 ¢ 8 2 S. Brazil
(Parana. Sao Paulo).
2 (1). Upf always with a hyaline spot in space 9. Mid tibiae
smooth. ¢ upf with a long narrow hair pencil in a groove
from near base of vein 1 to under vein 2 at one-third of its
length from its origin. Markings generally as minos.
jebus. 3 sub-species. |
(a). ¢ F 17mm. Upf apical spots in spaces 6 and g equal:
those in spaces 7 and 8 absent or present as minute dots.
Unf apex with a purple wash and veins more or less
whitish. Unh discal band of same width throughout: in
addition to the white dash mid dorsum there is a narrow
white streak along vein 1b from the base: purple flush in
a side light conspicuous: no white veins.
Sub-sp. janka nov: ¢ Bugaba, Panama: type B.M. and is the
specimen figured by Godman as minos on plate 102, figs
24-27. Fig Seitz as minos.
B.M. 7 6 2 9 Mexico. 1 ¢ 1 9 Guatemala; @5eee
Nicaragua. 2 ¢ 2 2 Costa Rica. 8 g 2 2 Panama. 4 ¢
410
0.4. TIRYNTHOIDES
Colombia 2-4 1? Venezuelan 12> 9279) Trimidady 1 ¢
Br Guiana. 3 ¢ Fr Guiana. 2 $ Ecuador (Zamora). 11 3
2 2 Peru (La Merced. Tarapote). 1 g¢ Amazons (Villa
Nova).
(b). 3¢ F 18 mm. Upf apical spot in space 6 elongate,
equal to the spot in space 4, which is also elongate: spots
in spaces 7, 8 and g small and in line. Unf and unh as
janka, but unh the band tapers apically and there is no
streak along vein 1b. Sub-specific in the Cauca Valley:
elsewhere sporadic as a variety of janka.
Sub-sp. melaleuca Plotz 1882: Rio. Copy of Plétz’s MS
figin B.M. Fig Hayward 1951 as minos.
B.M. 5 3 2 2 Cauca Valley, Colombia. 1 $ Peru (Marca-
pata). 1 9 Ega, Amazons. 1 2 “Espirito Santo”’.
(c). g¢ F 20 mm. Upf apical spots in spaces 6-9 small,
equal and in line. Unf apex and all unh with a purple
glaze and all the veins conspicuously whitish.
Sub-sp. jebus Plotz 1882: $ Brazil. Fig Zikan 1938 as
minos.
B.M. 1 2 Minas Geraes. 16 $ 10 2 S. Brazil. (Sao Paulo.
Rio. Parana. Theresopolis). 2 g 2 9 Paraguay. 4 3 3 9
Argentine.
0.4. TIRYNTHOIDES Bell 1940: type lotana Butler:
fixed by author as eclates Bell, which is a synonym of
lotana.
Characterised primarily by the absence of the upper pair
of spurs on the hind tibiae and the peculiar form of the
genitalia, the clasp having a footstalk. Antennae < $ costa:
club ovate: nudum 8/8. Palpi flattened: third segment short,
stout, conical. Mid and hind tibiae spined. Wings pro-
duced: F cell nearly = dorsum: H vein 1a > vein 2. No
secondary sexual characters.
| (2). ¢ F 20 mm. Unh yellowish with a large irregular
black spot below the cell in spaces 1c—3 bearing a central
and 2 outer small white spots and situated in a sullied
orange area, running as a discal band to space 8, where it
joins a similar costal area. Upf hyaline white spots in
spaces 2, 3, 6-8 and 2 in cell: opaque spot in space 1b
over middle of vein 1.
A.H.—27 411
O.s. TIRYNTHIA
lotana Butler 1870: ¢ Brazil: type B.M. Fig Butler 1874:
Seitz.
Synonym. eclates Bell 1940: 3 Putumayo, Colombia:
genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 3 Venezuela. 1 ¢ Br Guiana. 4 3 Peru (Perene.
Chanchamayo. Yahuarmayo). 2 g Rio Madeira.
2 (1). ¢ F 16mm. Unh pale ochreous-brown with suffused
whitish discal spots, whitish before end cell and along
termen. Upf spots as in lotana, but spot in space 2 is no
larger than the cell spots. 2° unf apex and all unh uniform
pale ochreous-brown: the veins are whitish at apex unf
in 3.
virilis Riley 1929: g Matto Grosso: type B.M. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3, 2 and genitalia.
Synonyms. ornata Hayward 1939: 3 Argentine: genitalia
figured.
pulchres Bell 1940: 3 Putumayo: genitalia figured.
B.M. 2 ¢ Matto Grosso. 1 ¢ Minas Geraes. 1 ¢ 2 9
Parana. 2 $ Paraguay. 1 ¢ Argentine.
0.5. TIRYNTHIA Godman igoo: type conflua Herrich-
Schaffer: sole species included.
Antennae = 4 costa: shaft plain, white under club, which
= i shaft: club stout, ovate: apiculus 4 length of club:
nudum 9/8. Palpi appressed: third segment short, incon-
spicuous. Mid tibiae smooth. F produced: cell < dorsum.
H broad: end cell upturned.
la (3). Uph with a band of tawny streaks in spaces 2-6.
$ upf brand a dot over middle of vein 1. Above, dark
brown. Upf opaque yellow lower spot in space tb and
often an upper dot: hyaline spots in spaces 2, 3, 6 (maybe
in 7 and 8). Unf costa and apex greenish-brown (conflua):
2 conjoined stepped spots in space 1b. Unh ochreous or
greenish-brown, abdominal fold brown: white band from
beyond mid costa to vein 1b, with an outward tooth under
vein 6: white streak at end of vein 1a.
1 (2). Upf cell unmarked. Tip of cuiller of elite not
projecting as far as the valva. Unh band 2 mm. broad. g
F 17-21 mm.: Brazil specimens larger than Northern ore
412
0.6. NYCTELIUS
conflua Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Godman &
Salvin, venation and genitalia: Hayward 1934 and 1951,
d and genitalia: fig in Seitz is of conda.
Bove ost. © Nicaragua, mig a@ostat nica.) 67/3113, 2
Colombia. 4 g¢ 2 ¢ Ecuador (Paramba. Chimbo. La
Chima). 1 $ Minas Geraes. 14 ¢ 8 2 S. Brazil (Rio.
Parana. Espirito Santo. Santa Catharina). 1 9 Argentine.
2 (1). Upf with a small upper semi-hyaline tawny spot in
cell.. Unf apex and costa, and unh, ferruginous brown:
white band 3 mm. Tip of cuiller of clasp projecting as far
as the valva. ¢ F 20 mm.
conda nov: 3 Yungas, La Paz, Bolivia: 3000 feet: H. Rolls:
type B.M. Fig Seitz as conflua.
B.M. 1 3 Ecuador (Zamora). 1 3 Bolivia.
3 (1a). Uph a single white spot in spaces 4-5. ¢ F 19 mm.
Upf white spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 4 and 6-8, and lower
cell spot. Unf most of space 1b white: reddish-yellow
spot mid costa. Unh white band as conflua but no tooth
at vein 6.
cinica. Plotz 1882: Para. Fig Seitz.
B.M. None. Type not in Berlin.
0.6. NYCTELIUS Hayward 1948: type nyctelius Latreille:
fixed by author.
Antennae = 4 costa: club = + shaft, ovate and constricted
before apiculus, which = + length of club: nudum 8/8.
Palpi flattened: third segment short, stout and conspicuous.
Mid and hind tibiae spined. Wings produced: F cell nearly
= dorsum, no median veinlet: H lower end cell upturned,
vein Ia > vein 2 and termen excavate in space 1c. No
secondary sexual characters.
| (2). Upf with hyaline white spots in spaces 2, 3, may be
I or 2 in cell, 1-3 apical and sometimes an opaque spot
in space 1b. Unf conspicuous whitish dash in space 1b.
Unh very variable, generally dark brown overlaid ochreous-
brown scales: black spot before mid space 7: whitish
central and discal bands, more or less shaded and variable.
$ F 18 mm.
413
0.7. THESPIEUS
nyctelius. 2 sub-species.
(a). Cilia grey.
Sub-sp. nyctelius Latreille 1824: $ Brazil: type B.M. Fig
Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
Synonyms. ares Felder 1862: 3 Rio. Fig Godman &
Salvin, g and genitalia: Seitz.
coscinia Herrich-Schaffer 1865: 3 Cuba.
aegialea Plotz 1883: = coscinia.
B.M. 3 6 7 2 Guatemala. 1 9 Honduras. 1a
Nicaragua. 2 ¢ 2 2 Costa Rica. 9 g 5 2 Colombia. 2 3
29 Venezuela. 3 $22 Trinidad. 2 3.2 2? Tobago. 4329
Br Guiana. 1 6 1 Surinam. 1 dg 1 9 Fr Guiana. 7 372
Ecuador. 5 6.5 9 Peru. 1 ¢ 1 9 Bolivia. age
Amazons. I 3 Bahia. 1 $ Pernambuco. 1 ¢ Minas
Geraes. 20 ¢ 10 ? 5S. Brazil. 7 ¢ 7 9 Areentines eee
g 2 Jamaica. 5 5 5 2 Grenada. 5 3 3 2 St Vincent. 2 ¢g
Guadaloupe. 1 g 1 Porto Rico. 12 ¢ 7 2 Haiti. 15 3
5 2 Cuba:
(b). Cilia dark ferruginous. Darker: narrower markings.
Sub-sp. agari Dillon 1948: 3 Dominica.
B.M. 15.3 7 2 Dominica. 3 ¢ 2 2 St Lucia.
2 (1). Above, unmarked, plain dark brown. Unf costa and
apex pale grey-brown, with vague pale spots in spaces 2,
3 and long whitish dash in space 1c: 2 with a vague cell
spot. Unh pale grey-brown: black spot end cell and
smaller spot in space 1c: faint, narrow, postdiscal brown
band. ¢ F 15 mum: |
paranensis Schaus 1902: Castro, Parana. Fig Hayward
1951, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 9 3 3 @ Parana. 1 9 Sao Paulo.
O.7. THESPIEUS Godman 1goo: type dalman Latreille:
fixed by author.
Antennae half length of costa: shaft whitish below, to mid
club, which = + shaft and is stout and ovate: apiculus =
width of club: nudum 7/9. Palpi flattened: third segment
short, inconspicuous. Mid tibiae doubly spined: hind tibiae
also spined. F cell < dorsum. H end cell upturned. ¢ upf
with a narrow broken stigma from base of vein 3 to mid vein I.
414
O77 THESPIEUS
A compact genus with similar markings above and unf:
genitalia of a similar pattern.
la (4a). Unf with a conspicuous lilacine band along termen
from apex to vein 4.
tb (3). H cilia yellow.
1 (2). Upf dark brown, markings vestigial: uph unmarked.
Unf lilacine band along termen 4 mm. wide: white dashes
on costa at ends of veins 8, 9g and 10. Unh lilacine scaling
from end cell to termen between apex and vein 2. End
abdomen yellow. ¢ F 21 mm.
pinda nov: $ Limbani, Carabaya, S.E. Peru: 10,000 feet:
Nov 1go01: Ockenden: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
2 (1). Upf with normal conspicuous markings. Unf the
lilacine band 14-23 mm. Like opigena. 3 F 23 mm.
tihoneta. 3 sub-species.
(a). uph plain. Upf hyaline spots white.
Sub-sp. ovallei Bell 1938: $ Colombia: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 $ Colombia.
(b). Uph with hyaline spots only in spaces 3, 4 and 5.
F hyaline spots white. 3 stigma narrow.
Sub-sp. pampa nov: ¢ Oxapampa, Peru: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 Peru (Oxapampa. Huancabamba).
(c). Uph with hyaline spots normal, in spaces 2-5. Hya-
line spots pale yellow.
Sub-sp. tihoneta Weeks 1go1: 3 Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1906.
Synonym. superior Draudt 1923: g Colombia: figured.
B.M. 8 3 4 9 Peru (Huancabamba. Uruhasi. Carabaya).
7 3 1 2 Bolivia (Songo. Tanampaya. Cochabamba.
Yungas, La Paz). 1 $ 1 2 Argentine.
3 (1b). H cilia white. ¢ upf black with white hyaline spots
in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 4 (may be dot in 5), 6-8 and across
cell: brand grey. Uph white discal hyaline band in spaces
2-4 or 5. Unf lilacine band 3 mm. wide. Unh ferru-
ginous, base of space 7 dark ochreous: lilac scaling broadly
at termen, 4 mm., from mid space tc to end of discal band
at vein 6: discal spots continued to space Ic: a lilacine
central narrow streak through mid cell from vein rb to
costa. ¢ I 23 mm.
415
O.7. THESPIEUS
opigena Hewitson 1866: 3 ? loc: type B.M. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. cicus Mabille 1891: 3 Brazil.
B.M. 3 $ Ecuador (Ambato). g g¢ Peru (Huancabamba.
Pichis Road). 2 3 Bolivia (Tanampaya).
4a (1a). Unf no lilacine band along termen.
4b (10a). Upf no spot in space 4.
4c (7a). Above, no blue hairs on thorax or wings.
4d (6). Uph discal band consists of hyaline spots in
spaces 2, 3 and continued by opaque spots into spaces Ic
and 4, 5. F apical spots directed to mid termen.
4(5). Uph usually no cell spot. Unh no continuous white
streak from mid cell through space 6 to termen. ¢ F
18-20 mm. Unf conspicuous dark brown triangular area
on costa just before apex. Unh a conspicuous dark spot
mid space Ic.
dalman Latreille 1824: $ Brazil: type B.M. Fig Godman
& Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz.
Synonyms. guerreronis Dyar 1913: 3 Mexico. Fig Seitz.
cacajo Dyar 1913: 3 Mexico. Fig Seitz. ‘These seem to
be varieties of dalman.
B.M. 3 3 1 2 Mexico. 2 $ Guatemala. 1 ¢ Nicaragua.
1 $2 2 Costa Rica. 11 6 2 9 Panama. 31 3 4 9 Colombia.
5 612 Venezuela. 1 2? Br Guiana. 1 g Surinam. 4 $69
Ecuador. 26 ¢ Peru. 8 ¢ Bolivia. 4 $ 2 2 Amazons (Ega—
Para). 3 ¢ Bahia. 1 $ Goyaz. 4 3 Minas Geraes. 7 3
Matto Grosso. 35 3 14 2S. Brazil (Parana. Sao Paulo.
Rio. Espirito Santo. Santa Catharina. Petropolis. Rio
Grande). 1 ¢ Paraguay. 1 9 Argentine.
5 (4). Uph usually with a cell spot. Unh with a continuous
white streak from mid cell, through space 6, to termen,
with a branch to costa from the origin of vein 7. ¢ F
15-18 mm. Otherwise as dalman.
ethemides Burmeister 1878: 3 Argentine. Fig Hayward
1951, d and genitalia.
Synonym. dissultus Draudt 1923: 3 S. Brazil: fig in
Seitz. Fig Hayward 1934.
B.M. 17 3895S. Brazil (Parana. Sao Paulo. hei
11 ¢ Paraguay. 3 5 3 9 Argentine.
416
0.7. THESPIEUS
6 (4d). Uph discal band consists of 3 hyaline spots in
spaces 2, 3, 4-5 and a faint cell spot. F apical spots
directed to tornus. ¢ F 14mm. Above, dark brown, bases
clothed dark orange hairs. Cilia F chequered: H white in
spaces 1a, 1b and at apex. Hyaline spots pale yellow: spots
in space 1b upf and cell uph opaque orange. Unf pale
yellow streak from cell spot to costa and at end of veins
8-11: pale area in spaces 4 and 5 with sparse chestnut
scales. Unh dorsal third brown, rest grey, narrowly brown
mid termen: conspicuous white markings, a dash in cell,
trapezoidal area near base space Ic, containing a black spot
and some chestnut scaling: irregular white discal area from
space 1b to space 5, and continued nearer mid wing in
spaces 6-8: some chestnut and white scaling at base of
space 8. $ F 14 mm.
jora nov: $ Castro, Parana: E. D. fones: type B.M.
PANE 2 4 2 9 Parana. 1 3 Uruguay.
7a (4c). Above, black with or less conspicuous blue clothing
on thorax and wing bases. $ F 20 mm.
7b (g). F and H, hyaline spots white.
7 (8). Antennae above, distal part of club white. Unf a
shaded white streak in space 5 uniting the white apex with
the apical spots. Unh termen dark beyond the discal spots
to vein 6.
macareus Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Godman &
Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz.
Synonym. emacareus Plotz: Venezuela.
B.M. 10 g 2 2 Mexico. 5 ¢ Guatemala. 13 ¢ 4 2 Costa
Rica. 5 $ Panama. 4 $ Colombia. 11 ¢ 1 9 Venezuela.
8 (7). Antennae above, basal part of club white. Unf no
streak in space 5. Unh broad paler shaded area from apex
extends to vein 2 along termen.
aspernatus Draudt 1924: ¢ Paraguay: figured. Fig Hay-
ward 1934 and 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 3 Mexico. 2 3 Nicaragua. 1 $ Costa Rica. 2 3
Panama. 2 g¢ Colombia. 1 2 Venezuela.. 2 ¢ Peru (La
Merced)... 1 d\. Minas: /Geraes;. 6). Paranat/ 1313) 1.9
Paraguay.
417
0.7. THESPIEUS
9 (7b). F and H, hyaline spots yellow. Like macareus. Uph
only spots in spaces 3, 4 and 5. Unf as aspernatus, but
costa above cell spot is yellow. Unh the pale shaded area
along termen is reduced and more nearly resembles
macareus. |
castor Hayward 1948: $ Nova Teutonia, Brazil: genitalia
figured.
BoM... rd Castro» Parana.
10a (4b). Upf with a spot in space 4.
10b (22a). Unf with a conspicuous pale streak running
straight from the apex and enveloping the hyaline spot in
space 4. :
roc (20a). Unh veins 2, 3 and 4 not white.
tod (18a). Cilia F and H not chequered.
10 (11a). Cilia at tornus H orange-yellow to space 2.
g F 20 mm. Above, with bluish clothing on thorax and
wing bases. Unh conspicuous pale bar at base costa: pale
shaded basal markings: yellow spot mid space 1c detached
from the hyaline discal band. 3 upf stigma black.
Antennal club above, black.
fulvangula Weymer 1890: $ Ecuador: figured.
Synonym. ninus Bell 1942: $ Ecuador: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 $ Ecuador. 1 $ Peru (Huancabamba).
Ila (10). Cilia at tornus H whitish.
11b (14a). Unh with conspicuous central white markings,
ending mid costa with a white-encircled dark spot. Above,
thorax and wing bases more or less clothed with blue
hairs. Unf pale streak at apex narrow, sharply defined.
II (12a). Antennal club all white, above. Upf stigma
grey. Cilia white only at tornus F and H. Unh with a
broad shaded area along termen to vein 2. 3 F 21 mm.
Unh an oblique white streak across middle of space 6.
lutetia Hewitson 1866: 2 Rio: type B.M. Fig Hewitson
1873: Hayward 1941: fig in Seitz = halla.
Synonym. moneraspernatus Hayward 1938: 3 Argentine:
genitalia figured. Fig Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
BLM. 13 3142S. Brazil (Parana. Sao Paulo. Papagallo).
12a (11). Antennal club above, only white at base. Unh no
pale shaded band along termen. |
418
0.72 THESPIEUS
12 (13). Cilia uph, centrally brown, white at tornus and
apex. Unh with a white streak in cell from base: oblique
pale bar mid space 6 is conjoined to the central white
marking. 3 F stigma black in halla, grey in xarippe.
xarippe. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 20mm. Above, blue clothing more conspicuous.
Unh markings narrow: spot in space tc of discal band
detached, as also is the bar in space 6. |
Sub-sp. hallia nov: ¢ Santa Elena, Antioquia, Colombia,
8000 feet, July 1920: A. Hall: type B.M.
B.M. 2 $ Colombia. 1 3 Peru (Carabaya).
(b). ¢ F 19. Unh discal curved band compact, continuous
from space Ic to vein 6 at termen.
Sub-sp. xarippe Butler 1870: ¢ ? loc: type B.M. Fig Butler
1874: fig by Seitz and Hayward 1939 = xarina: fig
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonym. chlorocephala Rober 1925: 3 Brazil.
B.M. 1 9 Minas Geraes. 6 $ 2 95. Brazil (Parana). 4 3
Paraguay.
13 (12). Cilia uph narrowly white throughout. ¢ F 20 mm.
Above, blue clothing faint. Unh no streak in cell from
base: oblique bar mid space 6 absent or conjoined to the
central band. ¢ F stigma grey.
xarina Hayward 1948: $ Argentine: genitalia figured. Fig
Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia: fig as xarippe in Seitz and
by Hayward 1939.
eniet 2 “i Mexico’’.2)'¢ Colombia: 1 ¢ 5°29 S. Brazil
(Sao Paulo. Parana). 1 $ Paraguay. 2 ¢ Argentine.
14a (11b). Unh central markings few and inconspicuous.
Unf outer side of the pale apical streak more or less
diffuse.
14b (17). Uph the hyaline spot in space 5 conjoined to the
spot in space 4, as usual.
14c (16). 3S upf stigma grey.
14 (15). Unh hyaline discal band outwardly bordered
with quadrate dark spots in spaces 2, 3 and 4. Antennae
white at base of club.
othna. 2 sub-species.
(a). $ F 17mm. Upf only a small upper cell spot. Uph
419
0.7. THESPIEUS
discal band tapered to a point in space 5. Unf small lower
cell spot may be present. Unh no dark band along termen
in spaces 2—5: the area between the termen and the discal
band is whitish shaded sparsely with reddish scales: discal
band produced to termen by a white streak: cell spot and
adjoining spot in space Ic, similar and conspicuous: mark-
ings in spaces 6 and 7 as in othna but the oblique streak
across space 6 is absent or obscure.
Sub-sp. tinka nov: g Atanques, Colombia: type B.M.
B.M. 1 g Panama. 1 $ Colombia (type).
(b). g F 20 mm. Upf cell spot normal and uph discal
band not tapered. Unh the pale subtornal area extends
inwards in space Ic and continues as a shaded band out-
side the discal spots: a pale oblique bar at lower outer
corner of cell and an oblique pale bar across basal part of
space 6.
Sub-sp. othna Butler 1870: g¢ Venezuela: type B.M. Fig in
Seitz = thona: Fig by Hayward 1934 = argentina.
Synonym. bogotana Draudt 1924: $ Bogota: figured.
B.M. 12 6 1 9 Colombia. 6 ¢ 1 2 Venezieiaeee
Ecuador (Zamora. Loja). 14 3 Peru (Huancabamba.
Carabaya. Amazonas. Marcapata). 2 ¢ Bolivia. 3 3
~ Brazil” (ex coll Felder):
15 (14). Unh hyaline discal band outwardly with a conti-
nuous dark border in spaces 2-4, beyond which there is
a shaded area, twice as wide, to the termen: discal band
tapered and continued to termen by a white line along
vein 6: tornal area entirely dark: small white spot at lower
outer angle of cell continued by a shaded streak to vein rb.
Uph discal band tapered in spaces 4, 5 and spot in space 5
often opaque. ¢ F 18 mm.
thona nov: $ Huancabamba: type B.M.
B.M. 11 & Peru (Huancabamba. Carabaya). 1 ¢ S.
Brazil (Rio River, ex coll Hewitson).
16 (14c). 3 upf stigma black: F 17 mm. Uph discal band
entirely hyaline, only slightly tapered. Unh no cell spot:
discal band continued by a white streak to termen: from
midway between the discal band and end of cell there is
an oblique white streak from vein 6 to vein 8, broken at
420
0.7. THESPIEUS
vein 7, outwardly bordering a ferruginous area. Antennal
club white at base.
argentina Draudt 1924: 3S Argentine: figured. Fig by
Hayward 1934, plate figs 8-19 = haywardi and plate 8
figs 6 and 7, plate 17 fig 12, genitalia of othna = argentina:
fig Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 9 S. Peru (Uruhasi). 3 ¢ Bolivia (Tanampaya.
Yungas, La Paz). 3 ¢°2 2 Argentine (Tucuman. La
Rioja).
17 (14b). Uph no white spot in space 5: spot in space 4
small and placed over the middle of the spot in space 3.
3 F 19 mm. Antennal club above, white. ¢ stigma grey.
Unh hyaline discal band continued to vein 6 by a white
streak: tornal area dark brown: inner half of area between
the discal band and the termen dark brown, outer half
obscurely shaded: hyaline cell spot suffused and extended
narrowly to upper end of cell and below origin of vein 2.
duidensis Bell 1932: g¢ Mt Duida, Venezuela: genitalia
figured.
Bavie 1 3 type loc.
18a (10d). Cilia F and H chequered. Antennal club white
at base.
18 (19). Uph hyaline discal band abnormal: conjoined
spots in spaces 2 and 3, followed by a separated streak in
space 4 directed to mid termen. 2 F 16 mm. Upf spots
in spaces 2 and 3 close together; in spaces 4 and 5 close
and equal, in space 1b very small, cell and apical spots
normal. Unf base of costa white and a white streak over
the cell spot in spaces 10 and 11: yellowish between end
cell and spots in spaces 4 and 5: no spot, only faint suffu-
sion in space 1b. Unh the discal spots joined into a narrow
angled band, set in a dark ferruginous area: narrow yellow
shaded submarginal band: base costa narrowly white:
stepped white spots from just below vein 7, across space 7
and to mid space 8, outwardly bordering a yellow shaded
area in spaces 6 and 7, which extends into space 5 between
end cell and the discal band: hyaline spot at lower outer
angle of cell, opaquely extended across cell and a streak
through mid cell to base.
421
0.7. THESPIEUS
haywardi Evans 1936: 2 Argentine. Fig Hayward 1934 as
argentina.
B.M. 1 9 Parana (Castro).
19 (18). Uph discal band normal. ¢ F 18 mm.: stigma grey.
Unh chocolate; broad white streak from below discal band
along upper half of space 1c to termen: border beyond
band shaded, leaving a chocolate triangle external to the
band: from upper edge of discal band a narrow white
streak runs inward along vein 6, across space 6 to mid
vein 7: a white area mid cell, a narrow streak along upper
edge of cell and a streak below middle of vein 8.
peruviae Lindsey 1925: 3 Peru: figured, 3 and genitalia.
B.M. 1 ¢ Ecuador (Zamora). 4 3g Peru (W. Andes.
Yuracmaree: Huancabamba).
20a (10c). Unh veins 2, 3 and 4 white.
20 (21). Cilia conspicuously chequered. g¢ F 17 mm.
Stigma grey. Unf veins 4, 5 and 6 white beyond the apical
streak. Unh all veins white: short oblique streak from
band mid veins 6 and 7 to vein 8: central white streak
from mid space tc cell to mid costa: a white streak from
end cell joining the central streak to the discal band.
vividus Mabille 1891: 3 Brazil: MS fig by Mabille in B.M.
Fig Hayward 1951, 3 (as vividis).
B.M. 2 3 5 2S. Brazil (Parana. Sao Paulo. Caracas.
Santa Catharina).
21 (20). Cilia plain, sordid white at tornus H. ¢ F 16 mm.
Stigma black. Uph discal band narrow: hyaline in spaces
2, 3, 4 and continued opaquely to spaces 1c and 5. Upf
cell spot reduced to an upper dot. Below, narrow white
line along termen F and H. Unh discal band extended to
vein 1b and to termen at end of vein 6: veins 2, 3 and 4
white beyond the band: narrow curved white streak from
mid vein 6 along vein 7 and into cell near base: streak
from lower outer end of cell nearly to vein 1b near the
base.
hieroglyphica Draudt 1923: 3 Bolivia: figured.
B.M. 5 3 Peru (Carabaya). 1 3 Bolivia (Songo).
22a (10b). Unf the streak from the apex absent or, if present,
422
0.7. THESPIEUS
not running straight to, nor enveloping, the spot in
space 4.
22b (29). Upf the spot in space 1b separated from the
spot in space 2.
22c (26a). Above, cilia not conspicuously chequered.
22d (25). Uph the hyaline discal band continuous as usual
from space 2 to space 4 or 5. Upf spot in space 1b yellow,
opaque.
22e (24). 3 F stigma grey.
22 (23). Unh no white streak in cell from base to origin of
vein 6. ¢ F 18 mm. Uph with a cell spot. Unf apical
streak short, along termen to vein 5, separated from the
hyaline spot in space 4 (and 5, if present) by a black spot.
Unh discal band not continued to termen: irregular shaded
area between the hyaline band and the termen: similar
area above the band to vein 8 outwardly flanked by oblique
white spots, two in space 6 and one across space 7: pale
yellow spot in lower outer angle of cell and a spot in
space 1c below it. Rather like othna. Uph discal band
tapered to a point in space 5.
tapayuna Zikan 1939: 3 Fevereiro, Brazil: figured.
B.M. 19 3 Colombia (Bogota).
23 (22). Unh with a white streak in cell from base to origin
of vein 6. ¢ F 18 mm. Above, bases dark ochreous: cilia
at tornus F and H yellow: markings normal, pale yellow,
as in othna. Unf costa and apex rusty red: apical streak
faint, in space 6 and 7 against termen: dot in space 5
against the spot in space 4. Uph no cell spot. Unh rusty
red with lighter shaded areas, abdominal fold brown,
white line along termen: discal band as in othna: shaded
band along termen in spaces 1c-8 and a shaded area below
mid costa, outwardly flanked by yellow, oblique streaks
in spaces 6 and 7: yellow spot at lower outer angle of cell
and a whitish spot below in space 1c: white streak between
origins of veins 6 and 7.
paula nov: 3 Paranapanama, Sao Paulo, Brazil: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
24 (22e). 3 F stigma black: F 17 mm. Above, markings
normal: base F, except cell, clothed with ochreous hairs.
423
O.7. THESPIEUS
Upf often a spot in space 5: spot in space 1b yellow,
opaque. Uph may be a faint cell spot; cilia whitish.
Below apex F and and all H rusty red like paula. Unf the
yellow apical streak runs outside the spots in spaces 4 and
5, as in tapayuna. Unh very like paula: discal band
straighter and more macular, spot in spaces 4 and 5
divided: shaded band along termen and area mid costa
similar: whitish spot mid space 6: base costa shaded:
white streak mid cell from near base to origin of vein 5:
small spot at lower outer angle of cell and in space Ic
below it, there is a white-edged dark spot: vein 1a white.
Antennae white at base of club.
caraca nov: ¢ Caraca, Minas Geraes, S. Brazil: P. Germain,
1884: type B.M.
B.M. 4 6 type loc.
25 (22d). Uph discal hyaline spots in spaces 4 and 5 widely
separated from the spots in spaces 2 and 3. Unf the apical
yellow streak runs midway between the termen and the
spot in space 4 (and 5, if present) to vein 3. Unh there are
hyaline spots in spaces 6 and 7 in line with those in spaces
2, 3, and the spots in spaces 4 and 5 are midway between
this discal band and the termen: yellowish band along
termen from vein 2 to apex: an oblique yellowish streak
along end cell to vein 8. g F 18 mm.
catochra Plotz 1882: “‘Mahrida”’ (Venezuela): copy of MS
fig of type in B.M.
Synonyms. marsa Mabille 1891: 3 Brazil: type B.M. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
perornatus Hayward 1934: 3 Argentine: figured.
B.M. 1 3 “Shillong, Assam”’. 1 3 Brazil. 1 2 Argentine.
26a (22c). Above, cilia conspicuously chequered.
26 (27a). Unh central three-quarters of wing occupied by
a large irregular white area. Unf apical white streak against
termen in spaces 6 and 7: below it and outside spots in
space 4 (and 5), there is a ferruginous area. ¢ F 18 mm.
himella Hewitson 1868: 3 Rio: type B.M. Fig Hewitson
1873: Seitz.
B.M. 4 38 9 Brazil ie Novo Friborgo. Thee
Panagallo).
424
0.8. VACERRA
27a (26). Unh no such large central white area.
27 (28). 3 F stigma black. Uph spot in spaces 4-5
detached and out of line with those in spaces 2 and 3.
3 F 22 mm. Above, black, spots normal, white. Below,
costa and apex F, and all H ferruginous, with paler shaded
areas. Unf shaded band along termen to vein 2. Unh
discal hyaline band narrow, shaded band along termen
from vein 2 to vein 8: shaded area between end cell and
the spot in spaces 4 and 5, extended to base of space 6
behind a white spot, near which, nearer base, is a white
bar across space 7: white spot at lower end of cell and
a spot in space 1c below it.
abauna Zikan 1938: 3 Itatiaya, Brazil: figured g, 9.
B.M. 1 9 Petropolis.
28 (27). 3g F stigma grey. Uph spot in spaces 4—5 in line
with those in spaces 2 and 3: a conspicuous cell spot.
Otherwise resembles abauna. 3 F 19 mm.
abatira Zikan 1938: ¢ Passo Quatro, Brazil: figured 3 9.
B.M. None.
29 (22b). Upf spot in space 1b conjoined to spot in space 2.
¢ F 16 mm. Upf spots normal, brownish: with dots in
spaces 4 and 5. Uph brownish black: brown spot in cell
and a discal patch in spaces 1c—-5. Unf apex with faint
shade of whitish scales: a dark patch beyond the apical
spots, as in dalman, but no pale streak to apex. Unh
whitish scales on costal region and across mid cell: discal
patch browner, black-edged, and lower end encloses a
black dot: small black dot in basal area.
matucanae Lindsey 1925: 3 Matucana, Peru: figured $ and
genitalia.
B.M. None.
O.8. VACERRA Godman 1goo: type bonfilius Latreille:
fixed by author as litana Hewitson, which is a sub-species
of bonfilius.
Antennae 4 costa: shaft chequered, white below club,
which = + shaft and is ovate: apiculus = + length of club:
nudum 6/9. Palpi flattened: third segment short. Mid
and hind tibiae spined. Abdomen = dorsum H. F cell
425
0.8. VACERRA
< dorsum. ¢ upf with an oval brand over basal part of
vein 1 and usually a narrow bar under vein 2, at its origin.
la (4a). Unh no continuous white band.
1 (2a). Unh apex conspicuously whitened. ¢ 2 with a
single cell spot. ¢ F 17 mm.
bonfilius. 4 sub-species.
(a). Upf white hyaline spots in spaces 1b, 2 (large), 3, 6-8
and a cell spot, which is half the size of the spot in space 2,
and their inner edges are in line. |
Sub-sp. aeas Plétz 1882: Chiriqui. Fig as itana by Hewitson
1873, 3; and Godman & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia.
Synonym. cabenta Plotz 1882: 5. America. An aberration
with a central pale band.
B.M. 1 61 2 Mexico. 1 $ Honduras. 1 3 1 2 Nicaragua.
I ¢ 1 9 Costa Rica. 8 g 3 2 Panama. 3 ¢ 3 2 Colombia.
(b). As aeas, except that upf there is always a spot in
space 4 and usually in space 5 also, in ¢ and 2.
Sub-sp. litana Hewitson 1866: 2 Venezuela: type B.M. Figs
by Hewitson 1873 and Godman & Salvin are of aeas: by
Seitz = bonfilius, lacking the dot in space 1b upf.
B.M. 2 6 1 2 Venezuela. 9.¢ 1:9 Innidad 32.5
Tobago. 1 ¢ Br Guiana. 1 ¢ Fr Guiana. 1 ¢ Santarem.
i? Pata. 19 “Pataguay =
(c). As litana, but no spots in spaces 3 and 4 upf and the
inner edge of the spot in space 2 is in line with the outer
edge of the cell spot. Uph a dot in space 3 under the usual
spot in space 4-5. Unf cell spot produced to costa. Unh
the discal band narrower, even and straight.
Sub-sp. bonta nov: ¢ Bolivia: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 Bolivia (Yungas—La Paz).
(d). Upf cell spot and spot in space 2 equally large and
their edges in line: dot in space 1b: apical spots in spaces
6-8 may be absent. Uph usually only a spot in space 4-5.
Unf cell spot produced to costa. Cilia faintly chequered.
Sub-sp. bonfilius Latreille 1824: 2° Brazil: type B.M. Fig
Seitz, 2 as litana.
Synonyms. caprotina Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
archytas Pl6tz 1882: = caprotina.
B.M. 3 6.1 2 Peru (La Merced). 1 9 Pernambuco. 1 Q
426
0.8. VACERRA
Minas Geraes. 1 3 Matto Grosso. 3 3 11 2 S. Brazil.
1 9 Paraguay.
2a (1). Unh apex not conspicuously whitened. 3 F with 2
staggered cell spots: 9 single spot across cell.
2 (3). ¢ F 20mm. or less. Unh discal band, narrow, even
and straight.
egla. 2 sub-species.
(a). g F 20mm. Upf with a spot in space 4. Unh spot
in space 6 placed on the outer edge of the lilacine basal
area. 2 spot in cell F smaller, its outer edge in line with
the inner edge of the spot in space 2. Unh paler.
Sub-sp. gayra Dyar 1918: 3 Mexico.
B.M. 2 3 1 2 Mexico (Atoyac, Vera Cruz).
(b). ¢ F 19 mm. Upf discal spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3.
Uph spots in spaces 2, 3 and 4-5. Cilia whitish, not
chequered. Unf yellowish spot mid costa: pale lilacine
band along termen to vein 2 from apex: spot in space 1b
diffused. Unh discal band continued to space 1c: sub-
hyaline cell spot: tapering lilacine band along termen from
apex to vein 2: basal area lilacine. 2 upf inner edges of
cell spot and spot in space 2 in line: sometimes dots in
spaces 4 and 5 (socles).
Sub-sp. egla Hewitson 1877: ¢ Chiriqui. Fig Godman &
Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz, 3.
Synonym. socles Plotz 1882: 2 5S. America: copy of MS
fig in B.M.
B.M. 2 2 Nicaragua. 6 g 2 9 Panama.
3 (2). $ F 22 mm. Unh discal band irregular and incom-
pletein 9. Very like egla gayra, 3 superficially inseparable:
genitalia differ slightly.
lachares Godman 1900: ? Costa Rica: type B.M.: figured.
B.M. 1 3 Mexico. 2 2? Costa Rica. 1 $ Ecuador (Zamora).
4a (1a). Unh with a continuous white band.
4b (7). Unh the white band separated from the termen
by more than its own width except at lower end.
4 (5a). Upf with spot in space 4. Unh tornal cilia white.
caniola. 2 sub-species.
(a). 3g upf with white hyaline spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 4,
5 and 6-8, 2 staggered spots in cell. Uph spots in spaces 3,
A.H.—28 427
0.8. VACERRA
4—5 and may be in spaces 2 and 6. Unf yellow area over
cell spot and grey scaling along termen from apex to vein 3.
Unh white band (1 mm.) straight from just before end of
vein 8 on costa to termen at end of vein 1b: small spot in
end cell and under mid vein 3. 2 spots yellow, no spot in
space 5: large spot across cell, its inner edge in line with
inner edge of spot in space 2: uph single spot in space 4-5.
g F 20 mm.
Sub-sp. caniola Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Seitz:
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia.
Synonym. canente Butler 1874: 2 ? loc: type B.M. ex coll
Kaden and may be Herrich-Schaffer’s type. Fig Butler
1874: Godman & Salvin, ¢ and @.
B.M. 1.61 2 Costa Rica. 1 9? loc. 1 ¢ Veneateme
(b). Upf 3 no spot in space 5, spots yellower. Uph spots
in spaces 3, and 4-5. 9 upf spot in space 2 very much
smaller, its inner edge in line with the outer edge of the
cell spot. ¢ F 20 mm.
Sub-sp. elva nov: S$ Peru, La Merced, 2500 feet: July—
August 1900: Watkins & Tomlinson: type B.M.
B.M. 9 3 4 @ Peru (La Merced). 1 3 Paraguay (differs
somewhat, but very worn).
5a (4). Upf no spot in space 4.
Uph may be spot in spaces 4—5 and trace of the
unh band. Above, conspicuous clothing of blue hairs on
thorax, head and wing bases. H termen straight and
angled at tornus as in Niconiades, cilia brown. Upf as
cantola, lower cell spot may be absent. Unf brown, yellow
suffusion over cell spot. Unh brown, band as in caniola,
sometimes slightly expanded inwards in spaces 4—5 and
there may be faint small spots near base of space 6, before
end cell and mid space Ic. 9 similar, but single cell spot
upf. ¢ F 20 mm. Unh tornal cilia brown.
evansi Hayward 1938: 3 Argentine, Misiones: fig of geni-
talia. Fig Hayward 1951, 3$ and genitalia.
B.M. 1 $ Bahia. 1 2 Parana. 2 g 1 9 Paraguay. 1 ¢
Argentine.
6 (5). Uph the white spots in pairs, in spaces 2, 3, 5 and 6.
Upf cell spot single. Unh white band as in caniola but
428
O.9. LINDRA
broader and outwardly suffused. $ F 24 mm. Unh tornal
cilia white.
laureatus Draudt 1924: ¢ Bolivia: figured. Placed by
author in Xentades, but superficially seems more suitably
placed in Vacerra, subject to an examination of the
genitalia and secondary sexual characters.
B.M. None.
7 (4b). Unh white (3 mm.) along termen from just before
end of vein 8 to end of vein 2, outwardly more or less
shaded: a tiny white dot in cell.
hermesia. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F22mm. Above, with conspicuous bluish clothing
on thorax and wing bases. Cilia narrowly white on H,
brown on F. ¢ upf brands over vein 1 and under vein 2.
Upf white hyaline spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3 and 6-8, single
spot across cell. Unf costa yellow over cell spot: spot in
space 1b diffuse. 2 as d.
Sub-sp. hermesia Hewitson 1870: ¢ Ecuador: type B.M.
Fig in Seitz is of Salana triangularis and it agrees with
the description given by Plétz of hermesza.
B.M. 4 3 4 2 Ecuador (Rio Pastaza. Zamora). 3 ¢ 1 2
Peru (Huancabamba).
(b). ¢ F 18mm. Above, blue clothing inconspicuous.
Sub-sp. cecropterus Draudt 1924: 3 Bolivia: figured.
B.M. 5 ¢ Peru (Pozuzo. Chanchamayo). 2 3 1 9 Bolivia
(Reyes. Charaplaya. Cochabamba).
0.9. LINDRA Evans (p. 399): type semulius Druce: fixed
by author.
Antennae 4 costa: club 4 shaft, constricted before apiculus:
nudum 9/9. Palpi flattened, third segment short. Mid tibiae
spined. 3 upf with a narrow tripartite stigma. Abdomen as
long as dorsum H.
I (2). Unh ochreous-brown with a white band 1 mm. wide,
from space Ic to space 6, angled inwards in space Ic.
¢ F 20 mm. Dark brown above, head dull green. Upf
yellow sub-hyaline spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3, double in cell,
6-8. Uph discal band of conjoined yellow spots in spaces
429
O.10. OXYNTHES
2-6. Unf ochreous-brown except for black area mid wing:
large whitish area in space 1b: yellow cell spot produced
to costa.
simulius Druce 1876: 3 Peru: figured: type B.M. Fig
Seitz. |
B.M. 1 3 type: .1 6. Perm (Cajon; Cuzeo).
2 (1). Unh yellow-brown with (or without) a small whitish
spot in cell and a discal row in spaces 1c-6. ¢ F 18 mm.
Above, dark brown, basal 4 costa ochreous to mid wing F:
dull ochreous hairs and scales on basal half of wings. Upf
sub-hyaline yellow spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3 and 6 (or 6-8),
usually small lower cell spot. Uph small yellow spots in
spaces 2-5, some of which or all may be absent. Unf
yellow-brown, black under cell: spot in space 1b very
large, pale yellow: may be 1 or 2 cell spots. 2 upf spots
in spaces 2, 3, 5 and 6 hyaline white: uph the yellow discal
spots are elongate. Unh browner, only a faint whitish
spot in space 1b.
gulala Schaus 1902: ¢ Brazil.
Synonym. procax Draudt 1923: 3 Bolivia: figured.
B.M. 1 g¢ Panama. 2 9 Ecuador (Chimbo. Manabi). 1 3
Peru. 1 3 Bolivia (Yungas—La Paz). 1 $ Matto Grosso.
1-6 Brazil.
0.10. OXYNTHES Godman 1900: type corusca Herrich-
Schaffer: sole species included.
Antennae 4 costa: club 4 shaft: nudum 7/8. Palpi flat-
tened; short, stout third segment. Mid tibiae spined. Wing
shape ‘of Niconiades: abdomen as long as dorsum: H vein 1a
shorter than vein 1b. ¢ upf with brands above and below
vein 2 and above vein 1. ¢ F 17 mm.
| (2). Upf cell spot across cell. Unf basal half of costa
yellow. Unh white central band continued to costa by a
yellow spot: a white streak along the outer third of vein fa.
Head and thorax green. Upf with conspicuous hyaline
white spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6-8: may be spot in space 1b.
Below, ochreous-brown: conspicuous white area in space
tb. 3g upf upper part of brand not continued ia
along cubitus.
430
O.11. NICONIADES
corusca Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Godman &
Salvin: Seitz.
Synonyms. martius Mabille 1889: 3 Chiriqui: figured.
leucogaster Rober 1925: 2 Rio Grande do Sul.
Bayi 2 Mexicoy: 3) 4 Panama!) 1)? emidad. 19 Peru
(Pebas, Loreto: has dots in spaces 4 and 5 upf).
FE. Bolivia. 5 ¢ 1 2 Amazons (St Paulo d’Olivenca.
Santarem). 2 $ Goyaz.
2 (1). Upf only a lower cell spot. Unf basal half of costa not
yellow. Unh white central band not continued above vein 8:
no white streak at end of vein 1a. Otherwise as corusca.
$ upf upper part of brand continued along cubitus towards
origin of vein 3. Unh white band narrower, more discal,
not passing through end cell and there is a small white
spot at lower end of cell.
viricuculla Hayward 1950: 3 Bolivia: genitalia figured.
B.M. None. Type sent for examination.
O.l1. NICONIADES Hubner 1821: type xanthaphes
Hubner: sole species included.
Synonym. Gomloba Westwood 1852: type xanthaphes
Hiibner: fixed by Scudder 1875.
Antennae long 42 of costa: shaft plain, yellow under
beginning of club, which is ovate and = {of shaft: apiculus
4 length of club: nudum 6/10. Palpi flattened: third seg-
ment short, conical. Mid tibiae spined. F produced, cell
< dorsum. H produced: abdomen < dorsum: end cell
upturned: vein 1a generally > vein 1b. 3 upf with short
brands, generally above and below vein 2 near its origin and
over middle of vein 1.
la (ga). Unh with a continuous white band from just beyond
costa to space Ic and a white streak along vein 1a for a
distance of about 5 mm.
tb (6a). Above, black with conspicuous blue iridescence
on head, thorax and wing bases. Unh brown.
1c (4a). Unh white band thickened tornally and more or
less hooked on inner side.
1d (3). Uph with 2 equal adjoining hyaline white spots in
spaces 2 and 3.
at
O.11. NICONIADES
1 (2). F cell spots close or united. H termen concave.
Back of cuiller of clasp produced to a short point. Upf
brands grey, conspicuous. ¢ F 17 mm.
xanthaphes Hiibner 1821: ? loc: figured. Fig Godman &
Salvin, ¢ brands and genitalia: Hayward 1951, 2 and ¢
genitalia: fig in Seitz = nabona.
B.M.1 ¢1 2 Mexico. 1 9 Honduras. 1 ¢ 1 2 Nicaragua.
4 619Panama. 4 ¢ 2 2 Colombia. 1 g Venezuela. 31 3
79 Trinidad. 1 ¢ Tobago. 3 61 9 Br Guiana. 2 ¢ Fr
Guiana. 3 ¢ 3 2 Ecuador (Paramba. Manabi). 13 $4 9
Upper Amazons (Teffe. St Paulo d’Olivenca. Santarem).
1? Para. 2 § Bahia. 2 2 Pernambuco. 2 g1 25S. Brazil
(Rio. Parana. Santa Catharina). 1 g¢ Uruguay. 1 ¢
Paraguay.
2 (1). F cell spots well separated. H termen convex. Back
of cuiller produced to a long arm. Upf brands black,
small, inconspicuous. ¢ F 18 mm. |
gladys nov: ¢ Cananche, Cundinamarca, Colombia: M. de
Mathan: type B.M.
BM. 3°o 1 2 type lee:
3 (1d). Uph single spot in space 2 or none. Back of cuiller
not produced: aedoeagus very long, not divided. Upf
brands grey, conspicuous. ¢ F 18 mm. Unf orange spot
mid costa conspicuous. Upf cell spot just divided.
yoka nov: ¢ Porto Velho, Matto Grosso: March 1926:
A. M. Moss: type B.M.
B.M. 1 2 Br Guiana. 2 $ Amazons (Itaituba). 1 2 Para.
1 ¢ Brazil. 1 $ Matto Grosso.
4a (1c). Unh white band tornally tapered or at least not
thickened.
4(5). Unh brown: generally single hyaline spot in space 3.
Back of cuiller produced to a long broad arm: aedoeagus
very long, divided. Upf brands grey, short. ¢ F 19 mm.
Upf cell spot single or divided. Uph single hyaline spot
in space 3 or in spaces 2 and 3, or none. Unf conspicuous
orange area mid costa.
linga nov: 3 Iguassu, Parana: Nov 1922: type B.M. Fig
Hayward 1951, 3 and genitalia as cydia.
432
O.11. NICONIADES
B.M. 1 3 Bolivia (Cochabamba). 3 $ Parana. 1 $ Argen-
tine (Misiones, Iguassu).
5 (4). Unh ochreous-brown: no hyaline spot: band tapered
and turned in at lower end. Back of cuiller produced to
a long slender arm: aedoeagus short. Upf brands grey,
conspicuous. ¢ F 20 mm. Upf cell spots conjoined; 3
apical spots. Uph unmarked. Unf yellow mid costa.
cydia Hewitson 1876: $ Brazil: type B.M. Figs by Hayward
are of linga.
Synonyms. besckez Plotz 1882: 2 Brazil.
cecropteroides Rober 1925: 3 Santa Catharina.
B.M. 1435425. Brazil (Petropolis. Theresopolis. Novo
Friborgo).
6a (1b). Above, brown, with inconspicuous greenish cloth-
ing: hyaline spots pale yellow. Uph generally hyaline spots
in spaces 2, 3 and 5. Aedoeagus short, bifid: right-hand
branch longer, curved, pointed. Upf brands dark.
6b (8). Upf cell spot across cell. Uph the 3 spots conspi-
cuous. ¢ F 18 mm.
6 (7). H termen straight. F cell spot usually divided in
3, conjoined in 2. Unh ground colour varies from greenish
to sulphur: band even, narrow, all the hyaline spots pro-
ject beyond it. Back of cuiller straight and not produced.
¢ upf brand over vein 1 absent.
nikko Hayward 1948: @ Argentine. Fig Hayward 1951, 92:
Seitz and Godman & Salvin, ¢ and genitalia as caeso.
B.M. 4 62 2 Mexico. 1 9 Nicaragua. 18 ¢ 3 2 Colombia.
Mata, Lrinidad. 6.4 2 9 Br Guiana. 4.1 9) Er
(itana, 3°46 5 2 (lua Chima. Paramba). 1.¢ Tete, 7 ¢
49 Para. 2 g Bahia. 2 ¢ Pernambuco. 1 $ Minas Geraes.
1 ¢ Paraguay.
7 (6). H termen convex. Upf cell spot undivided. Unh
band broad (2 mm.) and only the spot in space 5 projects
beyond it. Back of cuiller produced as a short spike. 3
upf brands complete.
loda nov: ¢ Caraca, Minas Geraes, Brazil: P. Germain
1884: type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ type loc.
433
O.11. NICONIADES
8 (6b). Upf only a small upper cell spot. Uph the 3 spots
very small. ¢ F 16 mm. H termen convex. Back of
cuiller concave, not produced. ¢ upf brand absent over
vein I.
caeso Mabille 1891: ¢ Rio Grande: MS fig in B.M. Fig
Hayward 1951, ¢ and genitalia: figs by Seitz and Godman
& Salvin = ntkko.
Synonym. tenutfasciata Hayward 1934: 3 Argentine:
figured.
B.M. 4 6 4 2S. Brazil (Parana. Rio Grande). 3 3
Paraguay.
9a (1a). Unh no continuous straight white band, nor a white
streak at end of vein 1a.
gb (12a). Above, with more or less conspicuous blue or
green iridescence as in xanthaphes.
gc (11). Upf with pale yellow markings as in xanthaphes.
S$ upf brands complete.
: (10). Uph a discal straight row of hyaline spots in
spaces 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and unh also white dots at base of
space 6, end cell and in space Ic against vein 1b. Unh
ochreous-brown. F cell spots separate. g¢ F 19 mm.
nabona nov: ¢ Bolivia: type B.M. ¢ fig Seitz as xanthaphes.
2 fig Godman & Salvin and Seitz as wiridiceps.
B.M. 1 3 Peru (Cuzco). 2 ¢ Bolivia.
10 (9). Uph only small spots in spaces 3 and 5. Unh
greenish-brown: only a spot end cell, in addition to the
2 discal spots. F cell spots conjoined or nearly so. ¢ F
17 mm.
merenda Mabille 1878: ¢ E. Brazil: type BAM
ward 1951, ¢ and genitalia: fig in Seitz = vista.
Synonyms. sabaea Plétz 1882: Brazil. Fig Seitz.
merendula Schaus 1902: Castro, Parana.
B.M. 1435258. Brazil (Parana. Sao Paulo. Rio).
Il (gc). Upf no spot in space 1b. ¢$ upf brands consist of
2 dots one above the other in space 1b. Uph with faint
spots. Unh brown, with yellow dot in cell and 4 discal
spots. ¢ F 21 mm.
reducta Bell 1930: ¢ Fr Guiana: genitalia heures
B.M. None.
434
O.12. AIDES
12a (gb). Above, no blue or green iridescence apart from
the green head. H vein 1a not > vein 1b.
12 (13). 3d upf with short brands on either side of base of
vein 2, minute spot over vein 1 (may be absent).
viridis. 2 sub-species, which look very different, but have
similar genitalia and intergrade in Colombia.
(a). Upf with dusky pale yellow hyaline spots as usual,
except that the cell spots are small and wide apart in 4,
conjoined in ¢. Uph similar spots in spaces 2 (often
absent), 3 and 5. Unh greenish-ochreous: faint spot end
cell in addition to the discal spots. ¢ F 16 mm.
Sub-sp. vista nov: ¢ Colombia: type B.M. Fig Seitz as
merenda.
B.M. 1 2 Nicaragua. 1 9 Panama. 12 3 4 2 Colombia.
Ges oye venezuela. 1 5 2 2 Ecuador (Paramba).
Minas Geraes (Porto Real).
(b). Above, unmarked. Below, apex F and all H greener:
unmarked except for white dots unh in cell and spaces 2,
3, 5, and unf a suffused white streak in space 1b. ¢ F
17 mm.
Sub-sp. viridis Bell 1930: ¢ Bolivia: genitalia figured.
B.M. 5 61 2(Torné, Cauca Valley). 11 § 10 2 Ecuador
(Zamora. Balzapamba. Rio Pastaza. Manabi. Loja). 3 3
2 2 Peru (Rio Tabaconas. Huancabamba. Uruhasi.
Chanchamayo).
13 (12). 3g upf brands aberrant, long and thin under vein 2
and over vein 1. ¢ F 16 mm. Above, dark brown, with
dark ochreous clothing over base F and most of H. Upf
opaque yellow spot in space 1b: hyaline white spots in
spaces 2, 3, 6 and constricted spot across cell. Uph faint
dark yellow opaque spots in spaces 3 and 5, latter near
termen. Below, costa and apex F, and all H (except
brown abdominal fold) dark ochreous-brown. Unh un-
marked.
parna nov: ¢ Para: A. M. Moss: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
0.12. AIDES Billberg 1820: type epitus Stoll: fixed by
Watson 1893.
TD
O.12. AIDES
Synonym. Paraides Godman 1900: type aegita Hewitson:
fixed by author as ocrinus Plotz, based on the misidentifica-
tion of ocrinus and aegita, to which latter species his descrip-
tion of the genus applies. The similarity of the genitalia,
structure and facies indicate that Paraides cannot be main-
tained as a true genus.
The sexual and individual variation in the silver markings
unh have led to some confusion in the nomenclature and in
the pairing of males with their correct females. Conse-
quently rather longer descriptions than usual are needed.
la (5a). g¢ upf with long brands along veins 1 and 2 and the
cubitus. ¢ 2 unh with the silver markings in or entering
thecell:
tb (3a). 3 upf with the long brands on both sides of
veins 1 and 2. 2 unh the central silver markings placed
nearer the base than the termen.
1 (2). g unh central silver band compact from space Ic
to space 7 with a detached spot mid space 4—5 (may be
joined to band in space 6) and a similar spot (often absent)
in space 2 near termen. @ unh with a central row of 3
separated spots in spaces Ic, cell and 7, followed by an
outer row in spaces Ic, 2-3 (double) and 4-5 (double).
3 2 always with 3 apical spots upf: uph spot in space 4-5
always prominent. ¢ F 23 mm.
epitus. 2 sub-species.
(a). Below, red-brown. A @ aberration from Para has the
ground colour unh rather pale ochreous-brown and 2
other 9° lack the silver markings except for a faint spot
in space 4—5 in one of them.
Sub-sp. epitus Stoll 1781: g¢ no loc: fig pl 342 E.F. Fig
Godman & Salvin pl 96/22.23, 3 venation and genitalia.
Fig Seitz pl 184a.b. dg.
Synonym. argyrina Godman 1900: = epitus.
B.M. 1 6 Panama. 1 2 Br Guiana. 8 ¢ 5 2 Fr Guiana.
t ¢ Surinam. 1 ¢ Ecuador (R. Napa). Ogee
(Chanchamayo. La Merced. Pozuzo. Inambari. Cham-
bireyacu). 1 ¢ Bolivia. 5 ¢ 5 2 Upper Amazons (Pebas.
Tapajos. Itaituba. Santarem. Rio Madeira. Solimoes).
33 6 16 2 Para. 2 g. Matto Grosso. 1 § 1 9 Rio River.
436
0.12. AIDES
(b). Unf and unh costa and apex broadly yellow with some
red scaling, looking very different from epztus.
Sub-sp. duma nov: 3 Santiago del Estero, E. Bolivia:
June 1905: J. Steinbach: type B.M.
B.M. 8 $29 E. Bolivia (Buenavista. Reyes. Santa Cruz
de la Sierra and type loc).
2 (1). Unh central silver band compact, but not extending
into spaces 6 and 7: small circular detached spots mid
space 4-5 and nearer termen in space 2. 2 unh with spots
in spaces 1c and cell conjoined to a single large spot,
otherwise spots as in @ of epitus, but spot in space 7 is
usually absent. 3 without, 2 with 3 or 4 apical spots
(rarely dots in spaces 4 and 5), Above, spots darker yellow
and less hyaline. Larger $ F 24 mm., 2? 27 mm.
aestria Hewitson 1866: no loc: type B.M. Fig Seitz pl
184b, 2.
B.M. 1 3 no loc (ex coll Felder). 4 2S. Brazil (Papagallo.
Rio Grande). Hewitson specified the type loc as Rio de
Janeiro: he had 5 specimens marked aestria: 2 of these
had no locality and he marked one as the type: the other
3 appertain to epitus and are marked Rio River, Amazons
and Monte Alegre.
3a (1b). ¢ upf without the brand under vein 1. ¢ 2 without
apical spots upf. ¢@ unh central spots not nearer to base
than to termen. ¢ F 23 mm.
3 (4). dS unh central silver band compact as in epiztus from
space Ic to space 7, no spot in space 2 and the spot in
space 4-5 may be detached from the band in space 6 (as
is usual in Honduras) or conjoined (as in Colombia), but
it is always at least touching the band in space 3, from
which it is always separate in epitus. 9 unh with a small
isolated cell spot and generally with an irregular double
spot in space 1c, which may extend to the base of space 2
or may be reduced to a single spot: a conspicuous spot
mid space 4-5 and small submarginal spots in spaces 2
and 3, of which the former may be absent. In a single 9
from Ecuador there are additional spots unh, in space 7,
isolated, and in space 6 over the spot in space 4-5.
437
O.12. AIDES
dysoni Godman 1goo: 2 Honduras: type B.M.: fig pl 96/24.
Fig Seitz pl 184b.
Synonyms. elara Godman 1goo: 3 Mexico: type B.M.:
fig pl 96/25.26. 3 and genitalia. Fig Seitz pl 184b.
incantator Druce 1908: 2 Costa Rica: figured: type B.M.
B.M. 2 5 Mexico. 1 $ Guatemala. 8 $ 7 2 Honduras.
I g 1 2 Costa Rica. 2 $ 3 2 Panama. 5 $ Colombia. 1 3
Trinidad. 2 $ 3 2 Ecuador (Balzapamba, Bolivar).
4 (3). ¢ unh the central silver band does not extend above
the cell. ¢ 9 the markings unh consist of a trifid central
band from mid space tc across base of space 2 into lower
corner of cell: always a spot beyond the middle of space
4—5 and there may be a dot in space 2 near the termen:
rarely in 3, always in 9, there is a submarginal spot in
space 3 conjoined and equal to the spot in space 2 and
more or less conjoined to the outer part of the enlarged
spot in space 4-5. Unh bright red-brown.
brino Stoll 1781: 2 Surinam: fig pl 353 E.F. and 392 C.D.
Fig Seitz pl 184ab, 3 as ocrinus, 2 as brino.
B.M. 1 ¢ Honduras. 1 2 Colombia. 1 ¢ Venezuela. 1 3
Ecuador (R. Napo). 1 ¢ Br Guiana. 1 g Fr Guiana. 4 3
3 2 Para (bred by A. Miles Moss).
5a (1a). ¢ upf without long brands along the veins. ¢ 9
upf without apical spots: apex and costa unf and unh
overlaid with greenish or dark ochreous scales on the dark
reddish-brown ground: unh silver markings do not enter
cell.
5 (6). 3 upf with brands consisting of small dark spots on
either side of base of vein 2 and above vein 1. ¢ 2 unh
typically with an irregular triangular spot from vein 1b
entering base of space 2 and often extending into base of
space 3: a detached spot mid space 4—5 and 2 contiguous
equal spots in spaces 2 and 3 in line parallel to the termen:
the spots may be reduced to a narrow streak in space Ic
and in one aberrant @ there are only tiny dots in spaces Ic, 2,
4 and 5: another from Trinidad is unmarked. ¢ F27mm.:
2 29 mom.
aegita Hewitson 1866: 9 Para: type B.M. ¢ with venation
438
0.13. XENIADES
and genitalia figured by Godman & Salvin pl 96/27-30 as
ocrinus. 3S fig Seitz pl 184b.
Synonyms. anchora Hewitson 1866: 3 Para: type B.M.
Fig Seitz pl 184b.
argyrostactos Mabille 1891: 3 Brazil. Unh central mark-
ing divided into 3 spots. MS fig in B.M.
astilas Godman 1900: 3 Venezuela: type B.M. Unh
central spot bifid.
calidemas Godman 1900: = ocrinus as interpreted by
Godman, recte aegita.
Evo oePanama, 204 Venezuela. 1 o>) 2 Trinidad.
bn Gulanas 3/6 2 2 Pr Guiana» 3 3) Reru(Cuzco.
Chanchamayo. Perene). 10 3S Bolivia (Sara, Santa
Cruz). 2 $ Upper Amazons (Iquitos). 25 g 14 2 Para
(bred by A. Miles Moss). 1 ¢ Maranham. 7 5 1 2? Matto
Grosso.
6 (5). 3d upf without brands. Very like aegita, but redder at
bases, above, and wings below. Unh spots well marked:
spot in space 2 larger than the spot in space 3 and placed
farther from termen. Clasp of ¢ with broad rounded tip,
instead of being narrowed and twisted as in aegita.
pimailer s F 25 mm.
ocrinus Pl6tz 1882: Colombia. Godman’s figures represent
aegita, which species he considered to be brandless.
Seitz’s fig is of brino 3.
B.M. 2 3 1 9 Panama. 4 ¢ Colombia. 1 @ Fr Guiana
(very large and with very large markings unh).
0.13. XENIADES Godman 1900: type orchamus Cramer:
fixed by author.
Antennae = ¢ costa: club = + shaft, ovate: apiculus = 4
length of club: nudum 7/10. Palpi flattened, smooth: third
segment barely protruding. Mid tibiae, double spined.
Wings produced: termen F and H straight. F cell long
= dorsum. H lower end of cell upturned: vein 1a > vein 2
or vein 8. 3 upf with brands along the veins. Above, F and
H yellow spotted: unh with a white band commencing, or
directed to, the costa nearer to base than apex and ending
in space Ic.
439
0.13. XENIADES
la (4). Uph with one or more hyaline spots. Upf 3 brands
very short.
1 (2a). Above, thorax and wing bases clothed with blue
or green hairs. Unh white band of same width (13 mm.)
throughout, hooked inwards at lower end: conspicuous
white streak at end of vein 1a. Palpi yellow below.
chalestra. 3 sub-species.
(a). Above, the light blue iridescent clothing conspicuous.
Upf as chalestra. Uph no cell spot: discal hyaline spots
in spaces 2, 3 and 6. Unf no pale area between the spots
in spaces 3 and 6. Unh as chalestra. 3 F 22 mm.
Sub-sp. pteras Godman 1900: ¢ Panama: type B.M.:
figured, 3g, genitalia and venation. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 3g Costa Rica. 3 ¢ 5 2 Panama. 1 $ Colombia
(St Marta). 1 g Venezuela. 1 ¢ “Cuba: concors H.S”,
coll Felder.
(b). Above, greenish clothing inconspicuous: head and
tegulae chestnut. Upf pale yellow, well separated, spots
in spaces 1b, 2, 3, cell and apical spots in line. Uph spots
in spaces 2, 3 and 6. Cilia white on H and near tornus
F, Antennae conspicuously white at base of club, above.
Below, apex and costa F and all H ferruginous brown.
Unf spot in space 1b enlarged: yellow on costa over cell
spot: yellowish scaling between spots in spaces 3 and 6,
giving the appearance of a continuous band. Unh band
yellow at costa: white spots in spaces 2, 3 and 6. Brands
upf in g¢ small, black or grey, under cubitus mid veins 2
and 3, under and over vein 2, over vein 1. End abdomen
tufted and white banded before the tuft. ¢ F 23 mm.
Sub-sp. chalestra Hewitson 1866: 3 Minas Geraes: type
B.M. Fig Hewitson 1873: Seitz.
Synonym. concors Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
B.M. 3 622 Colombia. 3 $2 2 Venezuela. 1 g Trinidad.
23619 Br Guiana. 3 6.1 9 Peru(Chanchamayo. Charape.
Cuzco. Carabaya). 5 3 1 2 Bolivia (Songo. Chulumani.
Yungas). 1 ¢ Rio Madeira. 5 ¢ 3 9 Para, See
Pernambuco. 1 2 Maranham. 1 2 Goyaz. 1 $1 2 Brazil.
1 $ Parana. 3 ¢ Paraguay.
(c). Above, spots deeper yellow and larger: spot in
space 2 upf completely overlaps the cell spot, their inner
440
0.13. KENIADES
edges in line. Unh generally no spots, but there may be
a tiny dot in space 3. ¢ F 24 mm.
Sub-sp. corna nov: $ Sao Paulo: E. D. Jones: type B.M.
Fig Hayward 1951 as concors. Plétz correctly placed
concors as a synonym of chalestra but used the name
incorrectly for Herrich-Schaffer’s “‘concors var’’, which is
here named corna.
B.M. 1 3 “Fr Guiana” (coll Guinée, containing many
incorrect localities). 3 $ 3 2S. Brazil (Sao Paulo. Parana).
2a (1). Above, thorax and wing bases with tawny clothing.
Unh white band widens tornally: white streak at end of
vein 1a absent or faint.
2 (3). Unh outer edge of the white band irregular and the
band stops 4 mm. short of the termen.
orchamus. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 26mm. Upf hyaline white spots in spaces rb, 2,
3, 6-8 and in cell, rarely also in spaces 4 and g. Uph
always a spot in space 3 and usually in spaces 5, 6 also.
Below, dark ferruginous brown, brown discal area F and
abdominal fold H. Unh the white or silvery band 5 mm.
broad in space Ic, tapering towards centre of wing, whence
it may reach costa, or it may be broken leaving a dot in
space 7. The discal hyaline spots are also very variable:
spot in space 2 may be detached or absorbed in the band:
those in spaces 3 and 6 always present: spots in spaces 4
and 5 single, double or absent. Brands are short, grey or
black and the brand against the cubitus present or absent.
Sub-sp. orchamus Cramer 1777: Surinam: figured. Fig
Seitz: genitalia by Godman & Salvin and by Hayward
IQ5I.
a xanthothrix Herrich-Schaffer 1869: no loc.
Fig Hayward 1934: Seitz.
licia Plotz 1882: ? loc. A variety.
B.M. 1 312 Panama. 4 ¢ 1 2 Colombia. 1 ? Venezuela.
2 $6292 Br Guiana. 1 2? Fr Guiana. 2 $ Ecuador (Balza-
pamba. Macas). 1 3 N. Peru (Charape). 8 3 9 2 Para
and Santarem. 1 g Minas Geraes. 16 $ 15 2 S. Brazil
(Parana. Sao Paulo. Espirito Santo. Rio. Rio Grande do
Sul). 3 6 3 2 Paraguay. 2 3 4 2? Argentine.
441
0.14. SALIANA
(b). ¢ F 26mm. Above, yellow hyaline spots F larger:
spot in space 2 just overlapping the cell spot and spot in
space 3. Uph spots in spaces 2 and 3, none in space 6.
Below, lighter. Unh silvery band ends at vein 6 and a
round spot beyond in space 7: only a discal spot in space 3.
@ uph has sub-hyaline yellow dots in spaces 2 and 6 and
a yellow dot in space 6 unh.
Sub-sp. difficilis Draudt 1924: ¢ Bolivia: figured. Fig
Hayward, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. r g¢ 1 2 Peru (Cuzco. Carabaya).
3 (2). Unh outer edge of the continuous white band regular
and ends only 1 mm. from termen: band widest between
termen and cell, tapering at ends: widely detached spot in
space 3 and faint indications of spots in spaces 2 and 6:
ground colour ochreous-brown: cilia white at tornus.
Otherwise like orchamus, but upf the spots are larger and
overlapping and uph there is only a single spot, in space 3.
$ F 24 mm.
victoria nov: $ Castro, Parana: E. D. Jones: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3¢ Parana. 2 2 Unia da Victoria.
4 (1a). Uph with tawny opaque spots in cell and spaces 2,
3 and 4-5. ¢ upf brands long, over and under vein 2 and
over vein 1. Above, thorax and wing bases tawny, spots
yellow. Upf opaque spot in space 1b, large hyaline spots
in spaces 2, 3 and cell, apical spots in spaces 7 and 8 faint
or absent. Below, apex and costa F and all H ochreous-
brown. Unf large double pale spot in space 1b. Unh
white band as in victoria, passing through end of cell: no
spots. Palpi and pectus below, yellow. End abdomen
with a long hair tuft, but is not white banded. ¢ F 22 mm.
ethoda Hewitson 1866: ¢ Rio: type B.M. Fig Hewitson
1973 > DEltz.
B.M. 4.363258. Brazil (Rio. Espirito Santo).
0.14. SALIANA Evans (p. 400): type salius Cramer: fixed
by author.
Antennae } costa: shaft plain (rarely chequered), yellow
under club, which = ¢ shaft: club bent beyond thickest
part: apiculus = % length of club: nudum 6/10. Palpi
442
0.14. SALIANA
quadrantic: third segment, a bent-forward nipple. Mid
tibiae smooth. F cell long = dorsum. No secondary sexual
characters. Pattern very similar throughout. Head brown.
F hyaline spots in spaces 1b, 2, 3, 6, 7 and cell: sometimes
also spots in spaces 4, 5 and 8. Uph usually 2 or 3 discal
hyaline spots. Unh in many species with the inner half of
the wing pale and the outer half dark.
la (7a). F cell spot not reaching upper half of cell.
I (2a). Upf 3 apical spots and adjoining spots in spaces 4
and 5. Uph small conjoined discal spots in line in spaces
2,3, 4.and 5. Unh basal third grey, rest greenish-brown:
spots in spaces Ic—-5. § F 20 mm.
mathiolus Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. orusca Schaus 1902: 3 Brazil.
verecunda Riley 1921: ¢ Trinidad: type B.M.
ie 2 gt 2 Venezuela, 3.4 Trinidad. 1 ¢ 29 5. Brazil
(Sao Paulo. ‘Tijuco).
2a (1). Upf only 2 apical spots and no spot in space 5.
2b (4a). Below, palpi and pectus dark ochreous or ferru-
ginous. Hyaline spots yellow.
2 (3). g¢ F20omm. H discal spots inconspicuous, only the
spot in space 2 hyaline. Unf reddish-brown above vein 2,
except for a triangular dark area behind the spot in space 2.
Unh all reddish-brown, the discal spots faint. Below,
pectus yellow.
salva nov: ¢ Para: A. Miles Moss: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
3 (2). ¢ F 23 mm. H discal spots usually conspicuous in
spaces 2, 3 and 4-5. Below, costa and apex F and all H
ferruginous, but basal half unh may be paler. Uph spot
in space 2 may be faint or absent: in one ¢ only the spot in
space 3 1s present.
chiomara Hewitson 1871: 3 Brazil: type B.M.: figured.
Fig Seitz, badly: genitalia by Godman & Salvin.
B.M. 2 ¢ Panama. 5 5 1 2 Br Guiana. 2 ¢ Surinam:
3 $63 92 Fr Guiana. 1 g Peru(Amazonas). 3 g 1 9 Upper
Amazons (St Paulo d’Olivenca. Santarem). 1 3 3 2 Para.
4a (2b). Below, palpi and pectus grey or pale yellow.
' A.H.—29 443
0.14. SALIANA
4b (6). Unf basal half costa yellow. Unh basal half of
wing whitish or pale yellow.
4 (5). Unf apex and outer half unh, uniform ferruginous
brown, with more or less of a purple wash. Uph hyaline
spots generally small, spot in space 2 often absent. F spots
yellow. $ F 22 mm.
triangularis Kaye 1913: 2 Trinidad: type B.M. ¢ fig by
Godman & Salvin, and genitalia as salius: 3 underside fig
by Seitz as hermesia.
B.M. 1 2 Mexico. 1 g¢ 1 2 Guatemala. 1 2 Honduras.
I ¢ 2 9 Nicaragua. 1 g 1 2 Costa Rica. 5 ¢ 3 2 Panama.
Io 42 Colombia. 3 g 2 2 Venezuela. 4 9 Trinidad. 1 3
Br Guiana. 1 2 Fr Guiana. 4 3 4 2 Ecuador (Paramba.
La Chima. Queredo). 1 g 1 2 Peru (Chanchamayo.
Amazonas). 4 ¢ 2 2 Upper Amazons (Iquitos. Upper
Putumayo. St Paulo d’Olivenca). 2 3 4 2 Para. 1 $ Bahia.
434925. Brazil (Parana. Espirito Santo). 1 2 Argentine.
5 (4). Unf apex and outer half unh, variegated. At apex
unf inwardly lilacine and outwardly grey. Unh inwardly
purple and outwardly lilacine. On H the hyaline spots
well marked and often a spot in space 6. F spots white.
6 FP 23)mm.
fusta nov: ¢ Para: A. Miles Moss: type B.M. Fig Seitz,
plate 191f as salius, 2 (nec 3) underside: Hutibner, see
salwus.
B.M. 1 2 Mexico. 3 ¢ 3 2 Guatemala. 1 ¢ Nicaragua.
4 9 Costa Rica. 5 § 2 2 Venezuela. 2 $ 2 9 Peru (Rio
Maranon. Chaquimayo. Yahuarmayo). 1 2 E. Bolivia.
I 9 Santarem. 12 615 9 Para. 1 ¢ Minas Geraes. 2 5 2 2
S. Brazil (Rio).
6 (4b). Unf basal half of costa green. Unf apex and all unh,
except for the pale brown abdominal fold, light blue to
light green. F spots white. ¢ F 19 mm. Above, blacker
than usual. Uph spot in space 3 larger than those on
either side. |
fischeri Latreille 1824: 3 Brazil: type B.M. Fig Hewitson
1871, plate 56, fig 8, but figs g and 10 are of hewitsoni:
fig in Seitz is of hewitsont.
B.M. 1 3 Venezuela. 1 ¢ Br Guiana. 1 3 1 2 Surinam.
444
0.14. SALIANA
25629Fr Guiana. 2 $ Peru (Carabaya). 14 ¢ 1 9 Upper
Amazons (Iquitos. Upper Putumayo). 1 3 Pernambuco.
5 3S. Brazil (Espirito Santo. Rio).
7a (1a). F cell spot reaches upper edge of cell.
7b (10a). F cell spot narrow, upper edge not prolonged
towards apex.
7c (g). Unh uniform, basal half not paler.
7 (8). Unh and apex unf, light green to light blue, like
fischeri. F spots white. g F 22 mm.
nigel nov: ¢ Para: A. Miles Moss: type B.M.
Biv 2g 1S Venezuela. 161 9 Fr Guianay 16 1 2
Surinam. 1 ¢ Ecuador (R. Napo). 1 9 Peru (Carabaya).
3 3 3 2 Upper Amazons (Iquitos. ‘Tapajos). 4 ¢ Para.
8 (7). Unh and apex unf greenish-ochreous. Hyaline spots
yellow: on H small and sub-equal and faint unh. @ F
18 mm.
vixen nov: 2 Fr Guiana: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
9 (7c). Unh basal third white or very pale yellow, outer
part of wing chocolate, unmarked. Above, basal third F
and most of H reddish-ochreous: H unmarked: spots F
white. Unf suffused white streaks on the chocolate apex.
g7e 25 mm-: 2 30 mm.
placens Butler 1874: ¢ Bogota: type B.M. Fig Godman
and Salvin, ¢: Seitz, .
Synonym. laurens Mabille 1891: 3 Chiriqui.
hove t SePanama.,2 4 1 © Colombia, 1 @ Ecuador
(Bafios).
10a (7b). F upper edge of cell spot more or less prolonged
towards apex.
10 (11a). Unh uniform light green to light blue, exactly
as in mgel and fischert, but larger. $¢ F 26mm. and hyaline
spots F yellow.
hewitsoni Riley 1926: $ Upper Amazons: type B.M. Fig
Hewitson 1871, plate 56/9 and to as fishert: Seitz as
fischeri, underside only: Godman & Salvin as longirostris
var. :
B.M. 3 ¢ 1 2 Panama. 2 ¢ Colombia. 3 ¢ 4 2 Ecuador
445 :
0.14. SALIANA
(Paramba. La Chima. Zamora). 1 3 Peru (Moyabamba).
3 2 Bolivia (Reyes. Buenavista). 1 3 1 2 Amazons (Nauta).
1 S Para.
Ila (x0). Unh not uniform.
11 (12a). Unh costal half of wing pale lilacine from space
1c under cell to apex, not extending to dorsum. ¢ F
23 mm.: spots yellow. Upf no spot in space 4: apical spots
very small and sometimes 3 are present. Uph 1-3 hyaline
spots. Unf basal half of costa yellow and from thence to
apex wing is lilacine. Unh spots small.
mamurra Plotz 1886: Brazil. |
Synonym. severinus Mabille 1895: S. America.
lautus Hayward 1942: 3 Rio: genitalia figured.
B.M. 436325. Brazil (Tyuco. Rio. Espirito Santo).
12a (11). Unh basal half costa pale, extending to dorsum.
12 (13a). Unf spot in space 1b with a suffused extension
towards termen. 3g F 20 mm.: spots yellow. Upf always
a well-marked spot in space 4. Uph normally 2 spots in
g and 1 in 9. Unf basal half costa yellow: apex red-
brown. Unh basal half cream, outer half red-brown, inner
edge sharply defined and more curved than usual: spots
white and conspicuous.
esperi nov: ¢ Ecuador, La Chima: type B.M.
Synonym. telegonus Esper 1784: “‘Hungary”’: figured:
homonym (Bergstrasser 1779). Fig by Hayward 1951,
g and genitalia are of longirostris.
B.M. 1 5 1 2 Mexico. 1 g 1 9 Nicaragua. 3 ¢ 1 2 Costa
Rica. 2 ¢ Panama. 6 $ 3 2 Colombia. 2 ¢ 1 2 Venezuela.
20 $6 3 Trinidad. 1 g 1 2 Tobago. 3 ¢ 3 2 Br Guiana.
34612 Surinam. 5 67 9 Ecuador. 5 6 3 9 Peru
FE. Bolivia. 4 ¢ 49 Upper Amazons. 11 $42 Para. 4512
S. Brazil.
13a (12). Unf spot in space 1b as on upf.
13b (16a). Unf and unh no blue suffusion at apex.
13c (15). Unf apex uniform.
13 (14). Unf apex ferruginous red, costa clear yellow.
3 F 22 mm. Upf dark orange costa conspicuous: spots
pale yellow. Uph 2 or 3 sub-equal hyaline spots. Unh
basal half very pale yellow: outer half red-brown, may be
446
0.14. SALIANA
paler at apex. Spike of tegumen at back of uncus long:
seen ventrally the tip shows between the uncus tips and
the uncus is broader than the aedoeagus: tip of cuiller
rounded.
antoninus Latreille 1824: Brazil. Fig by Staudinger 1888
of antoninus var = severus: upperside fig by Seitz as
longirostris: fig by Hayward 1951, but his fig of genitalia
= SaILUS
B.M. 1 3 2 9 Guatemala. 1 $ Honduras. 1 g 1 2 Nica-
raga tg) 1 2 Costa Rica: 3°34 3,9 Panama. 924 2 2
Colombia. 2 ¢ 2 9 Venezuela. 3 ¢ 3 2 Trinidad. 2 ¢29
Br Guiana. 1 ¢ 1 Surinam. 1 g 1 9 Fr Guiana. 2 $3 2
Eeuador. 2 g 3 9 Peru. 1 g 1 9 Upper Amazons. 5 39 2
Para. 23225. Brazil.
14 (13). Unf apex ferruginous brown: basal half of costa
yellowish-brown and space 11 below it yellow. Unh
ferruginous brown on outer half, white on inner half.
¢ F 25 mm. Separated from antoninus on account of the
genitalia. Seen ventrally, tegument tip not protruding:
uncus as wide as aedoeagus: tip of euiller short, heavily
spined and the valva projecting beyond it.
salona nov: 3 Para: A. Miles Moss: type B.M.
B.M. 1 g Peru (R. Ucayali). 2 3 Para.
[5 (13c). Unf apex with a rectangular sullied grey area
between the spots in spaces 3 and 6, extending from end
cell midway to termen. ¢ F 24 mm. Generally upf with
no spot in space 4 and uph with 3 well-marked spots.
Unf ground colour of apex red-brown to yellow-brown.
Uph inner half pale yellow, often sullied: outer half red-
brown to yellow-brown, apical part greyer often with some
blue sheen. Seen ventrally uncus as wide as aedoeagus,
which is furnished with a protruding spined process: top
of cuiller straight.
longirostris Sepp 1848: 2 Surinam: figured. Fig Godman
& Salvin, g and genitalia, plate 106, figs 6, 7, 8, but
fig 9 = hewitsoni: Seitz fig of underside, the upperside
looks more like antoninus.
B.M. 4 3 Mexico. 1 $ Guatemala. 1 $ Honduras. 1 9
Nicaragua. 3 5 3 2 Costa Rica. 1 ¢ Panama. 5 ¢ 5 ?
447
O.14. SALIANA
Colombia. 3 ¢ 2 2 Venezuela. 1 ¢ 2 9 Trinidad. 3 $42
Br. Guiana. 2 2 Surinam. 2 ¢ 3 2 Fr Guiana. 2 ¢
Ecuador. 5 ¢ Peru. 1 3 1 9 Bolivia. 2 ¢ Upper Amazons.
4 6 10 2 Para. 2 $ Bahia. 1 $ 2 9 Pernambuco. 1 9
Maranham. 1 9 Matto Grosso. 8 g 10 9S. Brazil. —
I6a (13b). Unf and unh apex with more or less blue
suffusion.
16b (18a). 3 F under 25 mm.
16 (17). Unh basal half of wing cream, without any blue
suffusion: outer half chocolate, abdominal fold light
brown: blue suffusion from vein 2 to vein 7 between the
discal spots and the termen. ¢ F 21 mm.: wings less
produced than usual. Uph 2 or 3 sub-equal spots: space 8
white. Unf basal half costa dull orange, paler in space 11:
apex chocolate, blue suffusion from vein 2 to vein 7,
between end cell and termen: cell spot nearer origin of
vein 3 than of vein 2. Uncus narrower than aedoeagus:
tegumen spike at back < uncus.
morsa nov: 3S Colombia, Magdalena Valley, El Banco:
C. Allen: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Taboga Is, Panama. 4 ¢ 3 2 Colombia. 1 $2 9
Br Guiana. 1 2 Surinam. 2 2 Ecuador (Sarayacu.
Zamora). 1 6 1 9 Peru(Pebas. Loreto). 14 g 12 2 Upper
Amazons (Iquitos. St Paulo d’Olivenca. Upper Putu-
mayo). 12 5 18 @ Para.
17 (16). 3 unh basal half of wing more or less intensely
sullied, sometimes even as dark as outer half. ¢ F 24 mm.
F cell spot placed midway between the origins of veins 2
and 3. A very variable species, which perhaps hybridises
with other species of the genus.
salius Cramer 1775: 3 Surinam: figured. Fig Hubner
Sammlung 1: pl 156, figs 1 and 2, but figs 3 and 4 = fusta:
Seitz pl 191e, but f = fusta: figs by Godman & Salvin
= triangularis.
Synonym. tvimacula Mabille 1878: Brazil. A variety with
a uniformly coloured unh, bearing 3 spots. |
B.M. 1 2 Guatemala. 3 ¢ 2 9 Nicaragua
Panama. 6 g 2 2 Colombia. 8 ¢ 5 2 Venezuela. 11 3 3 9
Trinidad. 15 ¢ 14 2 Br Guiana. 4 ¢ 2 2 Surinam. Io ¢
448
0.14. SALIANA
792 Fr Guiana. 9 ¢ 7 ¢ Ecuador (Paramba). 4 3 3 9 Peru.
3 6 1 & Bolivia. 17 3 15 2 Upper Amazons. 29 ¢ 18 2
Para. 7 3 4 2 Bahia. 1 § Pernambuco. 1 g¢ Maranham.
1 ¢ Minas Geraes. 1 2 Matto Grosso. 2 ¢1@ Rio. 1 3
Uruguay.
[8a (16b). 3 F over 25 mm.
18 (19). F spots white or nearly so: cell spot outwardly
deeply excavated. § F 28mm. Like salius, but upper part
of cell spot F less produced. Unf basal half of costa
ferruginous, space 11 yellow. Unf apex purple washed,
also on unh, where basal half is more or less sullied.
saladin. 3 sub-species.
(a). Uncus tips divergent, comparatively broad = width
of aedoeagus: back of cuiller steeply sloped. 2 unf costa
usually white, also basal half unh.
Sub-sp. saladin nov: ¢ Paramba, Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. 1 2 Mexico. 2 9 Honduras. 1 @ Nicaragua. 1 g 1 9
Panama. 2 6 3 2 Colombia. 1 $ 1 9 Peru (R. Colorado:
R. Ucayali).
(b). 3g unh darker. Back of cuiller not steeply sloped,
rounder at end and tip broad. 2 unf costa yellow.
Sub-sp. culta nov: § Para: A. Miles Moss: type B.M.
Pvt, trinidad, 16 2 9 Br Guiana. 139,19 Fr
Guiana. 1 gd 1 2 Obydos. 1 ¢ 6 2 Para.
(c). Upft apical spots reduced, often 3 small spots: rarely
a spot in space 4. Uph usually a single spot in space 4-5.
Unf base costa pale yellow or white, also basal half unh.
Uncus narrower; clasp as culta but valva projects beyond
the cuiller. 2 unf costa and basal area unh white.
Sub-sp. catha nov: ¢ Santa Catharina: type B.M.
B.M. 43825. Brazil (Santa Catharina. Joinville. Sao
Paulo. Blumenau. Petropolis).
19 (18). F spots yellow: upper edge of cell spot not conspi-
cuously produced, trapezoidal and outwardly excavate: in
¢ spots in space 2 and cell are approximate. Uph none to
2 spots. Unf costa and apex dark ferruginous brown, some
purple sheen at apex F and H. Unh basal half only slightly
lighter than outer half, which is dark ferruginous brown.
Uncus narrow = aedoeagus. g F 28 mm.
449
O.15. THRACIDES
severus Mabille 1895: ¢ Fr Guiana. ¢ Fig by Staudinger
1888 as antoninus var.
B.M. 1 3 Nicaragua. 1 9 Costa Rica. 1 g¢ Panama. 1 Q
Colombia. 2 ¢ 2 9 Ecuador (La Chima. Paramba).
O.15. THRACIDES Hiibner 1819: type phidon Cramer:
fixed by Scudder 1875.
Antennae = } costa: shaft plain, yellowish under begin-
ning of club, which = ¢ shaft and is bent beyond its thickest
part to the apiculus: nudum 7/11, but variable. Palpi flat-
tened, third segment a short bent forward nipple. Maid and
hind tibiae spined. Wings produced: F cell = dorsum:
abdomen = dorsum H. ¢ upf generally with a stigma.
Head and collar above, not generally green or blue. Uncus
broad-ended.
la (7). Palpi below, red.
tb (3a). End abdomen red. 3 no stigma. Above, shining
indigo-blue. Sexes alike.
1(2). Htornusred. ¢ F 24mm. Usually hyaline spots F.
cleanthes. 6 sub-species.
(a). Upf single lower spot in space 1b (sometimes also an
upper spot) and a narrow constricted spot in space 2. Very
variable: 2 specimens are cleanthes, 1 is trebla and 1 (from
Trinidad) is aspzlota.
Sub-sp. binota nov: ¢ Venezuela: type B.M. Fig Seitz
pl 165d as cleanthes.
B.M. 4 6 1 9 Colombia. 2 ¢ Venezuela. 1 9 Trinidad.
1 $ Br Guiana.
(b). Upf a band of 3 sub-equal contiguous spots in spaces
tb, 2 and cell. A constant form: sometimes there is a spot
in space 3 = ochrope: 1 Peruvian specimen = binota.
Sub-sp. telmela Hewitson 1866: 2 Para: type B.M. Fig in
Seitz is “‘fanciful’”’ and nearest ochrope.
Synonym. ochrope Plotz 1882: Para. Fig Seitz. A variety
of telmela with a spot in space 3 upf.
B.M. 1 ¢ Fr Guiana. 8 ¢ Upper Amazons (Pebas. ‘Tapajos.
Rio Purus).) 15672. oe 6 $ Peru (Perene. Chan-
chamayo. R. Colorado). 21 ¢ 17 9 Para.
(c). Upf a lower spot and an upper dot in space 1b,
450
O.15. THRACIDES
constricted spot in space 2 and a lower, elongate spot in
cell, inward to the spot in space 2. Variable: 1 ¢ has a
conjoined upper cell spot: another = binota.
Sub-sp. quarta nov: g Rio Tono, C. Peru: 1200 feet:
Watkins: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 type loc. 3 ¢ Peru (La Merced).
(d). Upf spot across space 1b, broad spot in space 2,
outer spot in space 3, a dash in lower part of cell inward to
the spot in space 2. Variable: 1 each of varieties bznota,
telmela, aspilota and cleanthes.
Sub-sp. trebla nov: ¢ E. Bolivia, Sara, Santa Cruz: type
B.M. Fig Seitz pl 165d as romula.
B.M. 9 & E. Bolivia (type loc). 1 3 Boles (Mapiri).
(ce). Small, ¢ F 21 mm. Upf lower spot in space 1b,
quadrate decreasing spots in spaces 2 and 3, double spot
in cell, inward to the spot in space 2; also, in type only,
3, tiny apical spots in spaces 6, 7, 8 upf and 2 in spaces 2
and 3 unh, the latter showing on uph.
Sub-sp. quinta nov: 3 Bahia: type B.M.
B.M. 2 3 Bahia. 1 $ Maceio, Pernambuco.
(f). The type is a 2 with small spots in spaces 1b, 2 and
3 wide apart. In some specimens there is an upper spot
in space 1b, more or less conjoined to the lower spot
(ambicola). In some 99 there are no spots at all (aspzlota).
Occasionally there are 1 or 2 dots in the cell (quinta).
Sub-sp. cleanthes Latreille 1824: 2 Brazil: type B.M. Fig
Hayward 1951, 2 and ¢ genitalia. Fig in Seitz = binota.
Synonyms. apicalis Herrich-Schaffer 1869: ? loc.
aspilota Mabille & Boullet 1912: Brazil: type B.M.
ambicola Riley 1925: 3 C. Brazil: type B.M. Fig Hay-
ward 1951, plate 26/12, 3
B.M. 1 3 Goyaz. 7 $ Matto Grosso. 17 3 13 2S. Brazil
(Rio. Parana). 9 ¢ Paraguay.
Pi w)eoil corns not red. ¢ F 21 mm. Unmarked.
thrasea Hewitson 1870: 9 Amazons: type B.M.
Synonym. mazares Mabille 1888: S. America: figured.
B.M. 1 2 Br Guiana. 10 ¢ Bolivia (Muschay. Buena-
vista. Santiago del Estero. Santa Cruz). 9 g 2 2 Amazons
(Iquitos. Pebas. ‘Tapajos. Itaituba).
451
0.15. THRACIDES
3a (1b). End abdomen not red. Above, thorax and wing
bases blue glossed. ¢ upf with a stigma.
3 (4a). Above, collar red. No markings. 3 F 25 mm.
panimeron Druce 1908: 3 Bolivia: type B.M.: figured.
B.M. 3 3 Peru (Chanchamayo). 2 3 Bolivia.
4a (3). Above, collar not red. Hyaline spots F.
4(5a). Fnocell spot: stigma grey. Upf spots in spaces rb,
2and 3. ¢ F.25 mm.
joannisi Mabille 1904: 3 Chiriqui: type B.M.: figured. Fig
Seitz.
Synonym. Jladdeyi Bell 1942: 3 Ecuador: genitalia
figured.
B.M. Only the type of joannisz.
5a (4). F with a cell spot: stigma black.
5 (6). Unh plain. ¢ F 24 mm.
nanea. 2 sub-species.
(a). Only differs from nanea in having a hyaline spot in
space 3 upf. Below, blue gloss denser, concealing the
underlying reddish ground.
Sub-sp. nida nov: 3 Colombia: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 1 ¢ Colombia.
(b). g upf narrow white spot across space 2: 2 short cell
spots, one above the other. Below, pectus, apex F and all
H ferruginous with a faint purple gloss: bases and thorax
iridescent bluish-green in a side light, particularly conspi-
cuous in cell unf. 2 F spots larger, cell spots conjoined
and lower edge of spot in space 2 prolonged towards
termen: unf outer half of dorsum below vein 2 white.
Sub-sp. nanea Hewitson 1871: ¢ Maranham: figured: type
B.M. Fig Seitz.
Synonym. peratha Plotz 1882: 2 Bahia. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 ¢ Upper Amazons (Iquitos). 8 $7 2 Para. 13 19
Maranham.
6 (5). Unh with small irregular pale blue spots in cell,
under origin of vein 7 and another behind origins of
veins 3 and 4, over base of vein 3, behind origin of vein 2
and a discal series from space 1c to space 6. Upf double
cell spot, spot in space 2 and curved streak in space 3.
452
0.16. NEOXENIADES
Unf large white spot in space 1b, reaching dorsum in 9:
cell iridescent blue. 3 F 24 mm.
smaragdulus Herrich-Schaffer 1869: 2 ? loc. Fig Mabille
& Vuillot 1893, 2.
Synonym. cilissa Hewitson 1871: § Amazons: type B.M.:
heured. Fig Seitz, 2.
B.M. 3 $ Upper Amazons (Iquitos. Upper Putumayo).
216 0: O Para.
7 (1a). Palpi below, yellow, turning to ferruginous at end.
3 upf stigma broken into small dots. Above, thorax and
wing bases iridescent blue. Upf with a variable number
of hyaline white spots and uph there is sometimes a dot
in space 3. Unf basal third of costa white, more or less
blue glossed: apex ochreous: large white subtornal spot.
Unh ferruginous, basal fifth pale yellow with few ferru-
ginous scales: irregular pale yellow discal spots in spaces
2-7 with some yellow scaling between them and termen.
g F 25 mm. Very variable species.
phidon Cramer 1779: 2 Surinam. Fig Godman & Salvin,
3 and genitalia: Seitz.
Synonym. pyrophoros Sepp 1848: 2 Surinam: figured.
B.M. 2 329 Mexico. 1 6 1 2? Honduras. 2 $ Nicaragua.
Zia eosta Rica. 4 ¢ Panama: 32 63 2 Colombia; 1 311 2
Venezuela. 4 6 49 Trinidad. 1 6 6 2 Br Guiana. 1 $19
Fr Guiana. 1 2 Ecuador (R. Pastaza). 2 3 2 9 Peru (Rio
Palerado).0 54466 9 Para. 16 Maranham. 35) 95 °°
Pernambuco. 2 ¢ 5. Brazil (Rio).
0.16. NEOXENIADES Hayward 1938: type musarion
Hayward: fixed by author.
Antennae long 4% costa: shaft plain, white under base of
club, which = ¢ shaft: club bent beyond thickest part to
apiculus: nudum 6/10. Palpi flattened and appressed: third
segment short and stout. Wings produced: cell F long =
dorsum. ¢ with short obscure brands in most species, over
and under vein 2, and over vein 1. Above, head green or
blue.
la (5a). Mid tibiae spined.
I (2a). 3g upf no brand or stigma. Unh abdominal fold
453
0.16. NEOXENIADES
indigo-blue and rest of wing, as well as apex unf, overlaid
with dense dull dark greenish scaling. Above, dark indigo-
blue, thorax and wing bases with greenish iridescence.
Upf ‘with a double hyaline white spot in cell, trapezoidal
spot in space 2 and usually a small upper spot in space 1b
against outer end of spot in space 2. Unf cell spot con-
tinued to costa and a large subtornal white spot in
space ib. ¢ F 24 mm.
cincia Hewitson 1871: g¢ Amazons: figured: type B.M.
Fig Seitz. |
B.M. 3 ¢ Amazons (Para).
2a (1). g upf with 1 or more brands. Unh brown.
2b (4). 3 upf grey brand over vein 1 and a recumbent
tuft on dorsum below it. Unf and unh base costa usually
white.
2 (3). Upf with apical spots and conspicuous blue irides-
cence on thorax and wing bases. ¢ upf double hyaline
white cell spot, spot in space 2 with lower edge produced
towards termen, apical spots in spaces 7, 8 (6-9 in Q).
Unf basal half of costa white, blue glossed: costa before
apex with suffused white markings: large subtornal white
spot. Unh basal third of costa white: in 2 sometimes a
white spot at base of space 7 under the white basal area
and a tiny discal spot in space 5. ¢ F 25 mm.
molion Godman 1gor1: 3 Mexico: type B.M.: figured, 3
and genitalia. Fig in Seitz omits apical spots on upf.
Synonym. phidonides Mabille 1904: 2 Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 Mexico. 1 $ Colombia (Cananche, Cundina-
marca). 3 9 Ecuador (Balzapamba).
3 (2). Upf no apical spots and the iridescence inconspicuous.
braesia. 3 sub-species.
(a). 3 upf hyaline spots larger, cell spot 4 mm.: type has
2 apical dots in spaces 7 and 8. Below, the white areas
base costa F and H absent: unf cell spot continued to
costa, no white area in space 1b. Unh centre of wing
dark brown, base and apex paler. 2 upf as 3, 2 apical
dots and a hyaline dot in space 3. Unf the discal spots
continued to costa and dorsum as a broad white band,
basal third of costa sullied whitish. Unh as 3, but the
454
0.16. NEOXENIADES
pale areas whiter and a faint discal spot in space 2.
oul 23 mmm,
Sub-sp. aqua nov: ¢ R. Dagua, Colombia: W. F. Rosen-
berg: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3g type. 1 3 no loc, coll Hewitson. 1 2 Ecuador,
coll Hewitson.
(b). 3 F 20-22 mm. Above, head and thorax glossed
bluish-green, extending only to base F. Upf divided hya-
line spot in cell, 2 mm.: trapezoidal spot in space 2: cilia
brown. Below, basal 4 costa, F and H, white: ¢ unf with
a large white subtornal spot in space 1b, in continuation
of the discal spots: some specimens have a minute dot in
space 3 and at apex unf, also a spot at end of cell and in
space 2 unh.
Sub-sp. braesia Hewitson 1867: $ Para: type B.M.
BM. 2'2 Fr-Guiana. 1 ¢ 1 9 Bolivia (Reyes). 2 ¢ 1 2
Upper Amazons (Iquitos. Tonantins. St Paulo d’Olivenca).
4 $2 2 Para.
(c). ¢ F21 mm. As braesia, but upf with a well-marked
narrow spot across space 3. Below, as aqua, but unf cell
spot not continued to costa.
Sub-sp. andricus Mabille 1895: 3 Brazil: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
4 (2b). 3 upf grey brands over and under vein 2 and over
vein I.
bajula. 2 sub-species.
(a). As bajula, but upf spots smaller and cell spot divided,
an additional detached spot in space 3. Unf no white
markings at apex. Unh white dots before end cell and
discal in spaces 1c and 5, clear in 9, fainting. ¢ F 18mm.
Sub-sp. peri nov: ¢ Para: H. W. Bates: type B.M.
BW. 1 ¢ Para. 1 9 Fr Guiana.
(b). 2 F 22mm. Above, thorax and wing bases iridescent
blue. Upf a double cell spot and a large spot in space 2,
lower edge produced. Unf basal third of costa white, blue
glossed: large subtornal white area occupying outer third
of space 1b: costa, before apex, with suffused white mark-
ings. Unh basal third of costa white. ¢ not examined.
Sub-sp. bajula Schaus 1902: ¢ Novo Friborgo.
15)
0.16. NEOXENIADES
B.M. 1 2 “Nicaragua”’ ex coll Hewitson, as braesia. 1 2
“Brazil”, acquired 1845.
5a (1a). Mid tibiae smooth. ¢ upf with brands.
5 (6a). F no cell spot.
seron. 2 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 21mm. Above, thorax and wing bases iridescent
blue. Upf pale yellow hyaline spots in spaces 2 and 3.
Below, dark ochreous-brown: an oblique suffused short
whitish streak in space 1b. 3 upf brands obscure. 2 upf
spots larger and a small suffused spot in space rb: cilia
yellow: unf white area in space 1b more extensive.
Sub-sp. seron Godman 1go1: g Honduras: type B.M.:
figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 1 6 1 2 Colombia (Muzo. Bogota).
(b). ¢ F 20mm. Upf conspicuous spot in space 1b: unf
white tornal area larger. 2 as g, cilia dusky. 3 upf
brands reduced or absent.
Sub-sp. sexton nov: ¢ Para: H. W. Bates: type B.M.
BUM, ‘2.3 fr Guana. ie 4 2 Para,
6a (5). Upf with a hyaline cell spot.
6b (ga). Above, blue iridescence on thorax and wing
bases conspicuous.
6c (8). Upf spots white or nearly so. Unh veins not black.
6 (7). Unf apex and all unh greenish-brown, faint lilacine
wash.
scipio. 5 sub-species.
(a). ¢ F 25 mm. Upf white hyaline spots in cell, spaces.2,
3 and 1b (opaque). Cilia H white and on lower half F.
Unf a narrow white streak from spot in space 1b towards
termen. Unh outer whitish area, cut by dark veins, 4 mm.
wide from vein 1b to vein 6: dull whitish spot near end
cell.
Sub-sp. luda Hewitson 1877: ¢ Chiriqui. Fig Godman &
Salvin, ¢ and genitalia: Seitz.
Synonym. hundurensis Mabille 1891: 3$ Honduras.
B.M. 3 ¢ 1 9 Honduras. 1 ¢ Costa Rica. 2 $ Panama.
1 2 Colombia.
(b). Unf very large white tornal area, filling outer half of
space 1b. Unh cell spot sharply defined. |
456
0.16. NEOXENIADES
Sub-sp. posta nov: ¢ Moyabamba, Peru: type B.M.
B.M. 3 3 Peru (Moyabamba. La Merced).
(c). g F 23 mm. Uph iridescence more extensive. Unf
costa and apex dark green, no lilacine wash: spot in space
tb large. Unh dark green, outwardly slightly paler: small
sharply marked white spot near end of cell and spots in
spaces 2 and 3. 2? upf with spot in space rb.
Sub-sp. fulguratoides Kaye 1924: 2 Trinidad: type examined
at B.M. 1 $ Fr Guiana. 7 ¢ 18 2 Para.
(d). Upf as sczpio, but spots much larger, particularly spot
in space 1b, which is 3 mm. long. Below, as scipio: unf
outer half of space 1b white.
Sub-sp. nosa nov: 3 Bahia: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
(e). ¢ F 23 mm: as Juda, but unf costa and apex much
greener and lilacine wash at apex more conspicuous. Unh
outer pale area is greenish-white. 9 as 3, but unf white spot
in space ib is no larger in ? than in 2.
Sub-sp. scipio Fabricius 1793: Indiis: fig Jones Icones. ?
fig Hayward 1948 as Astraptes probus Moschler.
Synonyms. dasia Hewitson 1876: 2 ? loc: type B.M.
nealcas Plotz 1882: 3 Rio.
Piet SE. Bolivia (Santa Cruz). 346.8 2 S. Brazil
(Parana. Sao Paulo. Papagallo. Santa Catharina).
7 (6). Unf apex and all unh ochreous-brown. 3 F 24 mm.
Above, as scipio, cilia dusky. Unf large white spot in
space 1b as in scipio posta. Unh slightly paler outwardly:
very faint whitish spot near end of cell. May be a sub-
species of scipio.
tropa nov: 3 Colombia, Santa Fé de Bogota: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
8 (6c). F spots hyaline yellow, cilia dusky: spots as in
scipio. Unf apex and all unh greenish-ochreous with dark
veins: unf spot in space 1b small as on upf: unh cell
yellower. 3 F 23 mm. Genitalia very like sczpio and may
be a sub-species.
musarion Hayward 1938: 3 Brazil: genitalia figured.
B.M. 1 ¢ Petropolis.
457
0.17. AROMA
Ya (6b). Above, iridescence absent, head dark green.
g (10). Upf yellow spots placed as in scipio, also apical
spots in spaces 6 and 7. Uph a yellow dot in space 5.
Below, apex F and all H ochreous-brown. Unf spot in
space Ib twice as large as on upf. Unh a small white spot
at lower end cell, beyond which is a white band, 24 mm.
wide, from base space 3 to just beyond the middle of
vein 1b: also a small white spot just before middle of
space 5. ¢ similar: upf spots larger: uph whitish spots
showing through from unh: unh a spot in space 4 uniting
the band to the spot in space 5. ¢ F 23 mm. Upf brands
longer, run to origin of vein 2.
myra nov: 3 Florida, Upper Putumayo: Oct 1931: type B.M.
B.M. 1 3 type. 1 2 Br Guiana, Essequibo R., Morabali,
15th Sept 1929, Oxford University Expedition.
10 (9). Upf large hyaline white spots in space 2, over-
lapping a large cell spot and a small detached spot in
space 3. 9 F 22 mm. Above, dark brown, uph blue
glossed. Unf apex and costa green, rest black: small
oval, opaque lower spot in space 1b. Unh unmarked
green.
irena nov: @ Ecuador, Ambato: R. P. Irenée Blanc: type
BM. Only the type.
0.17. AROMA Evans (page 401): type aroma Hewitson:
fixed by author.
Differs from Thracides in respect of (1) longer antennae,
> 4 costa: (2) broad-ended uncus, deeply divided: (3) no
stigma or brands in 3, but uph with a brown hair-tuft from
near the base of space 1b: (4) head green and upf un-
marked.
| (2). Unf broad subtornal white area: unh plain. 3 F
22 mm. Above, black, thorax and wing bases with blue
iridescent gloss. Unf basal half costa and most of cell ~
blue glossed. Unh dark ochreous-brown, outer } paler.
aroma Hewitson 1867: $ Para: type B.M. Fig Godman
& Salvin, ¢, 2 and genitalia: Seitz.
B.M. 1 9 Costa Rica. 1 $ 1 9 Colombia. 1 $ Br Guiana.
458
0.18. CHLOEARIA -
1g 19 Fr Guiana. 2 5 2 9 Upper Amazons (St Paulo
d’Olivenca). 18 $ 18 9 Para. 3 g 1 2 Peru (La Merced.
Chaquimayo).
2 (1). Unf unmarked.
henricus. 2 sub-species.
(a). Above, as aroma, but cilia yellow. Unh with a yellow
submarginal band, 3 mm. wide, from vein 7 to tornus, cut
by dark veins. ¢ F 23 mm.
Sub-sp. henricus Staudinger 1876: 3 Chiriqui. Fig Godman
& Salvin, g¢ and genitalia: Seitz.
Synonym. mardonius Moschler 1878: 3 C. America.
B.M. 8 3 2 9 Panama. 1 ¢ Peru.
(b). Unh submarginal band white. 3 F 25 mm.
Sub-sp. balba nov: $ Balzapamba, Bolivar, Ecuador: Sept
1893 to Feb 1894: M. de Mathan: type B.M.
B.M. Only the type.
0.18. CHLOEARIA Mabille 1904: type psittacina Felder:
sole species included.
Antennae 4 costa: shaft plain, yellow club: club gradual,
stout, bent just beyond thickest point to apiculus which = 4
length of club: nudum 5/10. Palpi, second segment flat-
tened, appressed to face: third segment rather long, stout
and conical. Mid tibiae spined: hind tibiae with upper spurs
replaced by spines. Wings produced: F cell nearly = dor-
sum: H with almost a tail at end of vein 1b. ¢ upf obscure
broad, black band under middle of vein 2.
Single species. ¢ F 24 mm. Above, dark brown, bases
green in cells and space 1c F: upf with large adjoining
hyaline white spots in cell and space 2, elongate apical
spots in spaces 6-8: uph greenish hyaline central area.
Unf black, large greenish apical area and large yellowish
spot in space 1b. Unh green with black veins; black area
under cell, abdominal fold and along termen. Cilia white
at tornus F and H. Head black, white spotted. Palpi
below, white. Abdomen white with central black line.
psittacina Felder Rea ¢ Colombia: figured: type B.M.
Fig Seitz.
BM: .3 6 Galea 3 6 Ecuador (R. Napo. Archidona).
A.H.—30 459
O.19. PYRRHOPYGOPSIS .
4 6 Peru (Cosnipata. Yahuarmayo. Chaquimayo). 7 3
Bolivia (La Paz. Mapiri). 2 $¢ Maranham.
0.19. PYRRHOPYGOPSIS Godman 1go1: type socrates
Meénétriés, fixed by author.
Resemble Pyrrhopyge. Above, without markings: end
abdomen red.
la (3a). Head and palpi red or orange. ¢ F 24 mm.
1 (2). Above, bases of wings broadly ochreous. Unh
green with black veins. Legs orange haired. End of
uncus spatulate.
agaricon. 2 sub-species.
(a). Above, bases bright tawny.
Sub-sp. agaricon Druce 1908: 3 Bogota: type B.M.:
figured. Fig Seitz.
B.M. 17 3 Colombia (Bogota. Rio Chili).
(b). Above, bases dark tawny.
Sub-sp. nanta nov: ¢ Paramba, Ecuador: type B.M.
B.M. 2 ¢ type loc.
2 (1). Above, plain dark indigo-blue. End of uncus narrow.
socrates. 3 sub-species.
(a). Unh generally with a more or less conspicuous white
basal area: ground colour green with conspicuous dark
veins. ‘Typical orasus unh is dark green with the white
area broad, entering the bases of spaces 2 and 6, out-
wardly rounded: unf with a white basal streak on costa:
pectus, fore coxae and hind tibiae black. ‘Typical zgniculus
is paler green unh and the basal white area is much
restricted: fore coxae red. caminus is an aberration of
igniculus with the termen H narrowly white: pectus red.
fulvicrus seems also to be an aberration of zgniculus: with
red fringed hind legs as well as a red pectus and red fore
coxae: there is no specimen in the B.M. Specimens of
this sub-species grade between orasus and igniculus in
respect of the unh ground colour and the extent of the
white band, which is not infrequently absent, when it
becomes identical with the sub-species socrates. Gener-
ally the redness of the fore coxae is less conspicuous than
460
O.19. PYRRHOPYGOPSIS
in socrates: in a few specimens from Venezuela and Bolivia
the pectus is red: unf costa is often green.
Sub-sp. orasus Druce 1876: ¢ Peru: type B.M.: figured.
Fig Seitz: Godman & Salvin fig is of crates.
Synonyms. aviola Mabille (MS) 1904: = orasus.
igniculus Druce 1908: 3 Peru (Cuzco): type B.M. re
Seitz as tenebricosa pl 165c.
caminus Druce 1908: 3 Colombia: type B.M.
fulvicrus Mabille & Boullet 1912: 3 ? loc: figured.
B.M. 17 3 Colombia (4 are socrates). 4 3 Venezuela
(2 socrates). 1 3 Trinidad. 1 9 Br Guiana (socrates). 1 3
Fr Guiana. 22 ¢ Ecuador (Loja. Zamora. Archidona.
R. Napo. 1 socrates). 8 3 no locality. 43 3 Peru (Cuzco.
Loreto. Pozuzo. R. Palcazu. La Merced. Rio Colorado.
_ Yahua. Chanchamayo. Huayabamba. San Gaban. Ama-
zonas). 13 6 S. Peru (Carabaya. Chirimayo. Chaqui-
mayo. 7 are socrates). 10 $ Bolivia (La Paz. Mapiri.
Muschay. Buenavista. St Cruz de la Sierra. Charaplaya).
1 § Minas Geraes. 2 ¢ Matto Grosso (Porto Velho).
(b). Unh with a sharply defined white basal area extended
pointedly towards termen in space Ic: ground colour dark
indigo-blue, veins inconspicuous. A much less variable
sub-species than orasus, but a few specimens are orasus-
like, while amongst the orasus material there are a few
crates-like specimens.
Sub-sp. crates Mabille & Boullet 1912: $ Upper Amazons.
Fig Staudinger 1889 as socrates.
B.M. 24 ¢ Upper Amazons (Pebas. Tapajos. Tonantins.
Obydos. Upper Putumayo. St Paulo d’Olivenca. Iquitos).
(c). Unh without a white basal area: ground colour usually
dark green and dark veins more or less conspicuous.
Typical socrates have the fore coxae red. In Parana the
cilia may be yellow (subvirescens = rubripalpis). Speci-
mens from Para show a great variation: the red thoracic
and abdominal markings may be extensive, pectus red and
hind legs fringed with red hairs (recalling fulvicrus): the
cilia in some specimens is yellow, in others dusky brown:
one specimen is typical socrates with white cilia.
Sub-sp. socrates Ménétriés 1885: 3S Brazil: figured. Fig
Seitz. The fig by Staudinger 1889 1s of crates.
461
O.19. PYRRHOPYGOPSIS |
Synonyms. subvirescens Schaus 1902: Parana.
rubripalpis Riley 1925: 3 Parana: type B.M.
migonet Jorgensen 1935: 3 Paraguay.
B.M. 4 ¢ 2 9 Para. 13 3 2 9 Matto Grosso (Nivac.
Chapada). 59 3 4 2 S. Brazil (Espirito Santo. Rio.
Parana. Sado Paulo. Santa Catharina). 5 ¢ Paraguay.
2 ¢ Argentine.
3a (1a). Head and palpi black. Fore coxae red. Hind tibiae
outwardly fringed with red hairs. End of uncus broad.
3 (4). Cilia white. Clasp quadrate, angled. ¢ F 24 mm.
romula. 3 very similar sub-species.
(a). ‘Tegulae red and cheeks below palpi red.
Sub-sp. romula Druce 1875: ¢ Colombia: figured: type B.M.
Fig in Seitz 165d is of Thracides cleanthes trebla.
B.M. 6 3 Colombia. 14 ¢ Ecuador (Ambato. Sarayacu.
Balzapamba. Zamora. Bafios). 2 ¢ Peru (Rentema Falls).
1 g Peru (Amazonas, Chachapoyas).
(b). ‘Tegulae partly red: cheeks usually black.
Sub-sp. tenebricosa Hewitson 1876: Chanchamayo, Peru.
Fig Seitz pl 165c, but the underside fig is of socrates orasus.
B.M. 11 $ Peru (Chanchamayo. Perene. Huayabamba.
Pozuzo).
(c). ‘Tegulae black. The cilia are mixed white and pale
yellow in 2 $3 from Carabaya.
Sub-sp. lugubris Druce 1908: 3 Bolivia, La Paz: type B.M.:
figured.
Synonym. lycagus Draudt 1924: ? loc: figured, no text.
B.M. 5 3 Peru (Carabaya, R. Inambari, La Oroya). 1
Bolivia (La Paz).
4 (3). Cilia orange. Tegulae and cheeks black. Clasp more
rounded.
quispica Plétz 1886: Peru. Fig Seitz.
Synonyms. xanthothrix Mabille 1891: $ Huayabamba.
Fig Mabille & Vuillot pl 5/6 3.
reedu Weeks 1901: Bolivia. Fig Weeks 1906.
B.M. 28 ¢ Peru (Marcapata. La Merced. Rio Colorado.
Perene. Huancabamba. Huambo. Chaquimayo. Chiri-
mayo. San Gaban. Carabaya). 12 3 Bolivia (Charaplaya.
Cochabamba. R. Songo).
462
O.20. PSEUDOSARBIA
0.20. PSEUDOSARBIA Berg 1897: type phoenicola Berg:
sole species included.
Differs only from Pyrrhopygopsis in the rounded tornus
H, vein 1A shorter than veins 1B or 2: and in the facies,
both wings, above and below, being yellow banded as in the
genus Sarbia of the Pyrrhopyginae.
| (2). Above, bands compact: upf spot in space 2 overlaps
spots in space 3 and cell: uph band continues to vein 1B.
Below, ground colour black. ¢ F 24-26 mm.
phoenicola Berg 1897: Argentine. Fig Seitz: Hayward
1951, ¢ and genitalia.
B.M. 2 3 S. Brazil (Rio Grande). 6 3 3 @ Uruguay.
29 5 24 9 Argentine (Buenos Ayres).
2 (1). Above, bands narrow and more broken: upf spot in
space 3 isolated and spot in space 2 widely separated from
the cell spot: uph band not reaching vein 1b. Below,
apex F and all H violet-brown, the bands black-edged.
6 F 26mm.
flavofasciata Skinner 1921: 3 Brazil.
B.M. 2 3 Matto Grosso (Chapada. Nivac).
463
GROUP P. MEGATHYMINAE
This is a well-defined subfamily of the Hesperiidae
characterised by the small head, half the width of the
thorax, with the antennae close together, a modification
doubtless due to the habits of the larva, which is a borer in
Yucca or Agave shrubs. Barnes and McDunnough 1912
(Contrib. Nat. Hist. Lap., N. America, 1/111) published a
detailed analysis of the subfamily. Recently H. A. Freeman
has devoted a great deal of study in the field to the genus
and has published several papers, notably “‘ Notes on the
Agave feeders of the genus Megathymus”’, Field ©& Lab.
IQ51 (19: 26).
Antennae not longer than half costa with a well-formed
club, with or without a short apiculus, or compressed at the
end and blunt: nudum to segments. Palpi slender, third
segment short, inconspicuous.
Legs abnormal. All tibiae spined. Fore tibiae with only
a short flap (epiphysis) in the middle of the distal half. Mid
and hind tibiae with a single pair of terminal spurs, which
on the hind tibiae are concealed by hairs. ‘The terminal
claws are longer and wider apart than usual.
Venation is Hesperiine. Forewing cell shorter than dor-
sum: vein 5 decurved at its origin. Hindwing vein 5 well
marked, appearing as a slit uph. Wings rounded: H costa
= dorsum. Abdomen of 2 often very heavy, recalling some
of the Australian Trapezitinae.
The secondary sexual characters are peculiar and are
specified in the keys. In all species the veins F are modified
in the ¢ and in some species there are. long hairs, more or
less erect, on the disc of the uph and the basal part of the
cell unf. In one species at least (streckeri) the characters in
a reduced form appear in the @.
The species are all large and generally have conspicuous
tawny to pale markings above.
The subfamily is confined to the Southern U.S.A. and
Central America.
464
P.1. AEGIALE
KEY TO GENERA
| (2). Antennae = ¢ costa, with a short, reflexed, obtuse
apiculus. Palpi, second segment hairy, third segment
slender, tapered. F origin of vein g and the cell spot
mid base and apex. Above, basal tawny areas reaching
the discal bands. Pulvillus large, circular, projecting.
Aegiale. 1 species. Mexico.
2 (1). Antennae < $ costa, generally without an apiculus.
Palpi second segment smooth, third segment short and
stout. F origin of vein 10 mid base and apex: cell spot
nearer apex than base. Above, basal tawny areas more or
less restricted. Pulvillus, insignificant, a short conical
projection.
Megathymus. 12 species. Nebraska to Panama.
Keys to Species
P.l. AEGIALE Felder 1860: type hesperiaris Walker: sole
species included by author was kollari Felder, which is a
synonym of hesperiaris.
Synonyms. Teria Blasquez 1870: sole species included was
agavis Blasquez, which is a synonym of hesperiaris.
Acentrocneme Scudder 1875: to replace Aegiale believed,
incorrectly, to be a homonym of Aegiala.
Single species. g¢ F 34 mm. Upf broad tawny band
conjoined to the cell spot and produced along space 1b
to base: detached small spots in spaces 4 and 5, which are
conjoined to the white apical spots: dark border at termen
as broad as the discal band in spaces 1b-3. Uph discal
tawny band narrower than the dark border: basal area up
to the tawny band mostly tawny. @ tawny areas reduced
and redder. Below, apex F and all H grey scaled: unh
pale discal band and sub-basal spots faint. ¢ F origin of
vein 3 opposite origin of vein 11 and nearer to origin of
vein 2, which is mid base and origin of vein 11. 9 F
origin of vein 3 opposite origin vein 10 and nearer to
origin of vein 4: origin of vein 2 nearer to origin of vein 11
than to base. ¢ unf mid cell with inconspicuous long
hairs.
465
P.2. MEGATHYMUS
hesperiaris Walker 1855: 3 Mexico: type B.M. Fig Druce
1896: Seitz.
Synonyms. kollari Felder 1860: 2 (recte 3) Mexico:
figured: type B.M.
agavis Blasquez 1865: Mexico: figured. |
B.M. 10 ¢ 2 2 Mexico (Near Durango. Zawalpan.
Guanajato).
P.2. MEGATHYMUS Scudder 1872: type yuccae Bois-
duval & Le Conte: fixed by author.
There seem to be two well-defined groups, feeding
respectively on Yucca and Agave, but no separating character
of generic value 1s apparent.
la (5a). Upf outer edges of spots in spaces 3 and 2 directed
to the termen or end of vein 1. H vein 8 is evenly curved
throughout. Yucca feeders.
Yuccae Group
tb (3a). Upf spots in spaces 5 and 6 apart.
1 (2). Upf spots in spaces 3 and 4 contiguous: spots in
space 3 and cell wide apart. Uph 2 mm. yellow border
and in 2 also 3 or 4 yellow discal spots. ¢ F, origin of
vein 3 long before origin of vein 11 and near to vein 2,
which is much nearer to the base than to the origin of
vein II. 9, origin of vein 3 opposite origin of vein 11 and
near to vein 4: origin of vein 2 is mid origin of vein 11
and base. }
yuccae. 4 sub-species.
(a). Above, markings deeper yellow. Cilia F narrowly
chequered. Unh inner spot in space 7 larger than the
outer spot, which may be absent. ¢ F 25-31 mm.
Sub-sp. yuccae Boisduval & Le Conte 1833: ¢ no loc
(probably Georgia): figured, but fig of 2 (lowest fig on
plate) is of 2 cofagut. Seitz reproduces the original figures,
which are faulty in showing the spots in spaces 4 and 5 as
completely detached and what he calls 2 yuccae = Q
cofaqui. 3 2 well figured by Klots 1951.
B.M. 3¢22@noloc. 461 9 Florida. 1 ¢ 1 2S. Carolina.
466
P.2. MEGATHYMUS
(b). Above, markings paler. Cilia F conspicuously
chequered. Unh inner and outer spots in space 7 sub-
equal. 2 uph discal spots tend to be obsolete. 3g F
21-27 mm.
Sub-sp. coloradensis Bley 1877: 3d Colorado. Fig Barnes
& Mcdunnough: Holland 3.
Synonym. mavajo Skinner 1911: New Mexico. Fig
Comstock 1927.
B.M. 3 3 Colorado. 5 3 5 ¢ California (Cajon Valley
Phelan and Sheep Creek, bred by C. M. Dammers).
(c). Above, as coloradensis. Unh only the inner spot in
space 7. 6 FE 26 mm.
Sub-sp. alabamae Freeman 1943: $ Alabama.
B.M. None.
(d).- Intermediate between yuccae and coloradensis. Unh
large sub-equal spots in space 7. 3 F 32 mm.
Sub-sp. stallingsi Freeman 1943: 3 Caldwell, Kansas. 9
form dee id. Above, basal yellow scaling vestigial and uph
yellow markings reduced.
Pave ft So 1 2 Kansas.
2 (1). Upf spots in spaces 3 and 4 apart: spots in space 3
and cell overlap. Uph yellow border broad in $ with an
adjoining spot in space 4-5: 2 yellow border vestigial,
but with a discal band of 4-6 spots and may be a cell
spot. ¢ F, origin of vein 3 before origin of vein 11 and
nearer to vein 2: @ rather similar but variable. ¢ uph
with a tuft of long hairs from upper part of cell: unf in
cell of § and @ insignificant short erect hairs. ¢ F 26 mm.
cofaqui Strecker 1876: 2 Georgia. Fig Strecker 1878, ?:
Barnes & Mcdunnough 1912, ¢: Holland 1931, 3 9 (very
small): Klots 1951 (very good): fig by Strecker 1890 and
Comstock 1895 are of streckert texana and by Seitz (193b)
of yuccae 3, while his fig (193d) of yuccae 9 is of cofaqui 2.
elvis 2055, 2 Hlorida. 1 2, Arizona (Cochise).
3a (rb). Upf spots in spaces 5 and 6 contiguous or over-
lapping.
3 (4). Uph unmarked and no pale border. 3 F 43 mm.
Upf markings broad, spot in space 3 overlaps spot in
space 4 and cell spot, as in @ streckert texana. Unh as
467
P.2. MEGATHYMUS
cofaqui and venation similar. Antennal club as hesperiaris.
Claw segment with lateral hairs instead of spines.
ursus Poling 1902: 2 Arizona: figured. Fig Holland 1931.
B.M. None (only 3 2 specimens known).
4 (3). Uph with a pale border, white cilia and 2 with more
or less developed discal spots. 3 upf spot in space 3
widely separated from the cell spot and just separated
from the spot in space 4. ¢ F, veins 2 and 3 decurved
nearly to the base and having a common origin. Q F the
two veins somewhat decurved, origin of vein 3 before
origin of vein 11 and nearer to vein 2. 3 most of uph and
cell unf with long projecting hairs: 2 with similar shorter
hairs in cell unf.
streckeri. 3 sub-species.
(a). 3g unf discal spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3 faint or
absent. 2 upf spot in space 3 just not reaching spot in
space 4 or the cell spot: uph discal spots absent or incon-
spicuous in spaces 4-5. Unh dark and the white spots
conspicuous. ¢ F 33 mm.
Sub-sp. streckeri Skinner 1895: $ Arizona (?). Fig Skinner
1900: Barnes & Mcdunnough 1912, 3.2: Holland 1931,
6 type.
BM. 5 6 3 28.W. Colorado (from Morrison and Oslar).
(b). g unf discal spots complete. Unh markings absent
or insignificant. 2 upf band deep yellow and spot in
space 3 overlaps the spot in space 4 and usually the cell
spot: uph discal spots small. ¢ F 29 mm.
Sub-sp. texana Barnes & Mcdunnough 1912: 2 S. Texas:
figured. Fig by Strecker 1880 and Comstock 1895 as
cofaqut.
Synonym. albocincta Holland 1930: 3 S.W. Texas. Fig
Holland ¢ @.
B.M. 2 3 1 & (ex Strecker, labelled cofaqu). 1 3 1 Q
Kansas. 1 ¢ 1 2 Texas (Pampa). 1 ¢ Colorado. 1 ¢
Oklahoma. |
(c). g 2 above, markings paler and larger: 2 uph discal
band as wide as the dark area between it and the pale
border. Unh the white markings complete, but ground
colour greyer. Unf ¢ discal band complete. ¢ F 35 mm.
468
P.2. MEGATHYMUS
Sub-sp. leussleri Holland 1931: 3 Nebraska: figured, 3 9.
paving 32,9 Nebraska (Cherny Com Walentine) R.A.
Leussler). 3 ¢ 7 2 Colorado (Salida, Oslar). 2 $ Utah
(coll Adams).
5a (1a). Upf outer edge of spots in spaces 3 and 2 directed
to dorsum well before end of vein 1. H vein 8 is curved
along its basal + and then runs straight. Agave feeders.
Indecisa Group
5b (12). Upf with discal spots and a cell spot.
5c (10a). Upf spots in spaces 4 and 5 conjoined to the spot
in space 6. 3 F vein 2 rising nearer base than origin of
vein II: origin of vein 3 long before origin of vein 11 and
nearer to vein 2. 9 F vein 2 rising mid base and end cell:
origin of vein 3 opposite origin of vein Io or 11 and
nearer to vein 4. 3 2 no long hairs uph or unf.
5c (9g). Upf spot in space 1b not detached from the spot
in space 2: outer edges of spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3 in
line.
5 (6a). ¢ upf inner edges of spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3
in line.
neumoegeni. 5 sub-species.
(a). Above, markings very pale yellow: very narrow in 3,
I mm. wide: in 2 2 mm., variable but spot in space 3 does
not reach the cell spot. Unh, and uph in 9, the discal
and sub-basal spots large and complete: grey scaling much
lighter than in other sub-species. § F 24 mm.
Sub-sp. stephensi Skinner 1912: $ California. Fig Wright
1905 as neumoegent: Comstock 1927, 3: Holland 1931,
Ge:
B.M. 10 3 5 2 California (Banner Grade & Mason Valley,
bred by C. M. Dammers). 1 3 Texas (Corpus Christi).
2 Fa nOv OC,
(b). g above, markings broad, tawny: spot in space 3 upf
separated from the cell spot by less than its own width.
2 upf discal band completely overlaps the cell spot and
the spot in space 4. Below, dark grey, the white spots
feebly developed.
Sub-sp. neumoegeni Edwards 1872: 3 Prescott, Arizona.
469
P.2. MEGATHYMUS
Fig Barnes & Mcdunnough 1912, 92 plate 1, fig 4. Other
published figures are of aryxna.
B.M. None.
(c). 3g upf tawny band narrow: spot in space 3 separated
from the cell spot by more than its own width. Unh as
neumoegem. 2° undescribed.
Sub-sp. aryxna Dyar 1905 for ¢ fig by Druce 1906 (Biologia
plate 69, 3 & 4) as neumoegent: restricted by Skinner 1911
to Druce’s fig 4, from Mexico; original of figure, the type,
in B.M. Fig Barnes & Mcdunnough 1912, plate 1/5.6.7
as neumoegent: Seitz as neumoegeni (very poor): Holland
as neumoegent, 3.
Synonym. drucet Skinner 1911: for Druce’s fig 3 of
neumoegent; original of figure, the type, labelled ¢ N.
Sonora, Mexico, in B.M.
B.M. 41 ¢ Arizona (Cochise. Cephise. Palmerlee). 3 3
Huachuca Mts. 3 ¢ Mexico (types of aryxna and drucet.
Coatepec).
(d). Like newmoegem, blacker, markings deep orange.
Sub-sp. chisosensis Freeman 1952: 3° Chisos Mts, ‘Texas:
figured g, 2 and genitalia.
B.M. None.
6a (5). 3 upf inner edges of spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3 not
in lime.
6 (7a). 3 upf spot in space 1b wider than the spots above
it. 3 unf apical spots obscured by grey suffusion. cell
spot not conjoined to the discal band. ¢ F 24 mm.
mariae Barnes & Benjamin 1924: $ El Paso, Texas.
B.M. 2 g 2 2 Texas (Shafter).
7a (6). 3 upf spot in space 1b narrower than the spot in
space 2.
7 (8). 3 upf spot in space 2 not larger than the spot in
space 3.
polingi. 2 sub-species.
(a). Small, ¢ F 22 mm. Above, markings pale yellow and
broad: upf spot in space 3 reaches cell spot in ¢ and
overlaps it in 9. Unh white markings complete.
Sub-sp. polingi Skinner 1905: 2 S. Arizona. Fig Barnes
& Mcdunnough 1912 and Holland 1931, ¢ 9.
470
P.2. MEGATHYMUS
B.M. 1 $1 2S. Arizona (Pinal Co, Santa Catalina Mts).
(b). g F 21-25 mm. Near polingi, wings narrower. Upf
outer edge of the spot in space 1b extends slightly along
vein 1 towards termen.
Sub-sp. hoffmanni Freeman 1952: @ Mexico, Valle de
Mexico: figured, 9 and genitalia.
B.M. None.
8 (7). 3 upf spot in space 2 projecting inwards and so wider
than the spot on either side. Very like neumoegeni aryxna,
but larger, ¢ F 30 mm., and the tawny markings larger,
but upf the spot in space 3 1s separated from the cell spot
by more than its own width. Unh the suffused whitish
discal band better marked.
evansi Freeman 1950: ¢ Cochise, Arizona. Fig as aryxna
by Barnes & Mcdunnough, ¢ & 9: Holland, ¢.
B.M. 24 3$ Arizona (Cephise. Palmerlee. Huachuca
Mts). |
9 (5c). Upf spot in space rb detached, shifted inwards and
sagittate. Uph spot in space 1c detached and triangular:
otherwise like evanst. 3 F 28 mm.
mejicanus. Bell 1938: $ Durango, Mexico: figured 4,
genitalia.
B.M. None.
10a (5c). Upf spots in spaces 4 and 5 small and widely
separated. ¢ 2 neuration as for neumoegem. 3 F 27 mm.
Antennae with apiculus.
10 (11). Upf cell spot placed under the origin of vein 10
well before end of cell: spots in spaces 1b, 2 and 3 small
and well separated. Uph unmarked. 9 as 3. 3 uph long
pencil of erectile hairs above cell: also long hairs in cell
unf, which appear in a reduced form in 9°.
indecisa Butler & Druce 1872: 2 Costa Rica: type B.M.
hie rice 1905, 4 2: Seitz, 3.
Heavies Go Guatemala, 2 5 5 2 Costa. 1 3 1 2 Panama.
Il (10). Upf cell spot at end of cell. Upf and uph discal
markings small, pale yellow. ¢ uph with a long erectile
hair pencil: none unf. Unh mottled.
471
P.z2. MEGATHYMUS
smithi Druce 1896: 3 Guerrero, Mexico: figured: type
B.M. Fig Barnes & Mcdunnough 1912, ¢ from Texas.
B.M. Only the type.
12 (5b). 3g above, unmarked except for a sub-apical white
dot F and marginal white spot along termen H. Below,
with narrow pale markings F and H as in stephensi. 2 upf
with a yellow cell spot and traces of a discal band. ¢ F
22 mm.
rethon Dyar 1913: ¢ Guerrero, Mexico. Fig Seitz, 3.
B.M. None. |
The Megathymine material in the B.M. consists of 178
specimens, which have been arranged in 2 genera, 13 species
and an additional 11 sub-species: 5 published names have
been placed as synonyms of species and 2 as synonyms of
genera. ‘I'he Museum has the types of 3 species, 1 sub-species
and of 2 names placed as synonyms.
Postscript. Stallings & Turner 1954 (Lep. News, 8: 80)
have described as a new species:—
Megathymus baueri from Verde, Hot Springs, Yarapai
County, Arizona: figured g, 2 and genitalia. It would seem
to be a sub-species of neumoegent.
472
APPENDIX I
List of Species or Names assigned
to America incorrectly
1. Transferred to the Oriental region, wide Evans 1935
(Stylops 4/5: 100).
Hesperia omaha Edwards 1863: Colorado.
Hesperia mingo Edwards 1866: Virginia.
Hesperia californica Edwards 1872: California.
Potanthus Scudder 1872: type Hesperia omaha.
2. Coeliades Hubner 1819 an African genus used by God-
man & Salvin and Seitz for Papilio dubtus Stoll: replaced by
Dubiella by Evans 1936 (Proc. R. Ent. Soc. London B 5: 55).
3. Included in Seitz as from America.
(a). Achlyodes cnidus Plétz 1884: ? loc = Daimio phisara
Moore 1884 from India.
(b). Hesperia credula Plotz 1883: 3 Brazil = Caltorts
brunnea Snellen 1876 from Java.
(c). Hesperia pelora Plétz 1882: Brazil = Pelopidas
conjuncta Herrich-Schaffer from Java.
(d). Hesperia subviridis Plotz 1886: St Paulo = Caltoris
philippina Herrich-Schaffer from Ceylon.
4. Baoris philippina Herrich-Schaffer 1869: no loc. Pl6tz
1883 gave the locality as Chiriqui and a copy of his MS
figure is in the B.M. Godman 1goo (plate 96, figs 8, 9)
figured a worn ¢ he had received from Staudinger as from
Chiriqui. Semper 1892 gives the locality as the Philippine
islands and figured a ¢ therefrom. Elwes & Edwards 1897,
Swinhoe in Lepidoptera Indica, and Evans 1926 and 1949
followed Semper’s determination. Seitz in volume V of
the Macrolepidoptera followed Semper and in volume IX
followed Plotz. Dr Hering has been unable to find in Berlin
AT
APPENDIX I
either Herrich-Schaffer’s type or the specimen sent to God-
man. ‘Though Plotz was the first to determine the locality
as Chiriqui, it is considered that Herrich-Schaffer’s un-
usually clear description can only apply to the Philippine
insect and that the specimens before Plétz and Godman
were incorrectly labelled Chiriqu1i.
5. Transferred to Africa by Evans.
(a). Nusoniades norica Plotz 1884: Brazil = Eretis umbra
Trimen: Cat. African Hesp. 1937, p. 37.
(b). Hesperia caesar Fabricius 1793: Indiis = species
of genus Andronymus: loc. cit., p. 130.
(c). Achlyodes besa Mabille 1891?: loc. = Sarangesa
phidyle Walker: Ann. Mag. NH 1951: 12/4: p. 1269.
(d). Nzsoniades flavipalpis Plotz 1884: Copiapa = Eagris
nottoana Wallengren: loc. cit., p. 1268.
474
APPENDIX II
ADDENDA and CORRIGENDA
to Parts I, II and III
Most of the following amendments were received from
Mr E. L. Bell of New York.
Corrigenda to Part I.
Page g, between lines 14 and 15 from end, insert as additional
synonym: “‘meriant Kirby 1871: for Merian’s fig. plate 44”’.
Page 35, line 16 from end, alter ““Upf”’ to ““Uph”’.
Page 59, line 6 from end, alter ‘“‘Uph”’ to ““Upf”’.
Pape 62, line 4, delete. “1948 ”’.
Page 63, lines 14 and 21, alter “yellow” to “red”’.
Page 72, line 12 from end, delete “are llustris mysus’’.
Page 74, line 5, delete “‘genitalia fig Bell 1934 as allustris”’.
Page 86, line 1, alter 1867 to 1862. Line 16, alter ““Uph”’ to
¢ Upft”’.
Corrigenda to Part IT.
Page 9g, line 5, alter “‘palemonides’’ to “‘palaemonides”’ .
Page 9, line 6 from end, alter “‘Plétz 1879” to “‘ Méschler
1078".
Page 9, between lines 3 and 4 from end, insert “dysoni
Plo6tz 1879: $ Chiriqui”’.
Page 14, line 15, alter “‘mancimus’’ to “‘mancinus’’.
Page 16, line 8, alter “‘columbiana”’ to “‘colombiana’’.
Page 17, between lines 20 and 21, insert “‘grandimacula
Mabille 1876: 2 Brazil”.
Page 19, line 11 from end, alter “‘Mabille”’ to “ Boullet”’.
Page 26, between lines 4 and 5 from end, insert “‘Synonyms.
loeus Mabille 1903 and Jaeus Shepard 1931: misspelling
GECOUS?
Page 30, line 16 from end, alter “Godman MS 1907”’ to
*Plotze18si"*:
Page 32, line 2 from end and elsewhere, alter ‘‘ Hoff-
man’”’ to “ Hoffmarin”’.
Page 35, line 6 from end, alter “Bergman” to “‘Bargman”’.
A.H.—31 475
APPENDIX II
Page 44, line 13, alter “‘egens’’ to “‘egeus’’.
Page 47, line 5 from end, alter “‘ventral”’ to “dorsal’’.
Page 48 and 52. Mr E. L. Bell has had the genitalia of
Epargyreus orizaba examined: it = socus cama Evans,
which name falls as a synonym. A new name is required
for the orizaba Scudder of Evans nec Scudder and is
tenda nov: ¢ Colombia: type B.M.
Page 54. Comstock 1944 assigns the locality of lividus
Hiibner to Hispaniola: the name should therefore be re-
moved from the synonyms of /eo.and used as a sub-species
in place of zshmael, which becomes a synonym of lividus.
Page 55, line 17 and page 56, line 1, alter “‘albofasciata”’ to
“‘albofasciatus’’.
Page 63, line 10 from end, alter “‘guatemelaina”’ to “‘guata-
melaina”’.
Page 65, line 10, alter “‘sumichristt”’ to “‘sumachristi”’.
Page 70, between last 2 lines, insert “Synonym androgeus
Plotz1681: — ceca
Pages 63, 81, 88, 95, 99, 100, 123, alter “Ehrman” to
“Ehrmann”’.
Page 89, line 1, alter “‘huancavillas”’ to “‘huancavillcas”’.
Page 92, line 18, alter “‘kefersteint”’ to “‘kefersteini”’.
Page 93, line 2 from end, after “‘154”’ insert “‘figs 1 and 3”.
Page 95, line 7 from end, after “1931” add “Fig Hubner
plate 154, figs 2 and 4 as dorantes’’.
Page 99, line 4, alter ““Htibner”’ to “‘Geyer”’.
Page 1o1, line 18 from end, alter ‘Stoll’ to “‘Cramer”’.
Page 103, line:9, alter’ Unt% to." Unk". |
Page 113, line 14 from end, alter “‘alfius”’ to *“cretatus”’, and
line g from end after ‘“‘Sub-sp”’ delete “‘alfius nov’’ and
insert “‘cretatus Hayward 1939: 3 Ecuador: genitalia
figured”. On next (new) line insert “Synonym. alfius
Evans 1952:”’ followed by remaining matter on old line 9.
Page 121, line 12, alter ‘‘aerofuscus’’ to ‘‘ aereofuscus”’.
Page 124, between lines 18 and 19 from end, insert “‘ammon
Fabricius 1787: homonym (Cramer 1777)”’.
Page 125, line 10, alter ““Lagueyra”’ to “‘ Laguayra’”’.
Page 132, line 16, alter “1914” to “1915”’.
Page 135, line 11 from end and page 136, line 6 from end,
alter “‘Columbia”’ to “‘Colombia”’.
476
APPENDIX II
Paze138, Ime\4 fromend, alter “inner” to j/outer’’. «The
character applies also to the g.
Page 152, line 13 from end, alter “‘eous”’ to “‘cous
Page a62, line g;.alter “3”? to’ cell”.
Page 165, line 5, alter “‘canutana’’ to “‘canutama’’, and line 8
from end, alter ‘‘Monterry”’ to ‘“‘Monterey”’
oe)
Corrigenda to Part III. :
Page 20, line 9 from end, alter “‘freudeae”’ to “‘freudiae’’.
Pages 9, 39, plate 29. “Mycteris Mabille i is a homonym
(Agassiz 1846) and should be replaced by Mictris nov:
type Pellicia crispus Herrich-Schaffer.
Page 48, line 2 from end, alter “‘heliodore”’ to “‘heliodora”’
and on plate 30.
Page 56, line 2 from end, alter ‘“‘sub-species”’ to ““synonym’’.
Page 59, line 14, alter “‘najaoides’’ to “‘najotdes’’ and on plate 33.
base 74, ine 3, alter 1938/).to.. 1930) |:
Page 83, line 27: also page go, line 32 and page gr, line 3:
alter ‘‘ascaphalus”’ to “‘ascalaphus’’.
Page 99, line 24, alter ‘‘Mabille 1904” to “‘Mabille 1903”’,
and wherever it occurs in this volume.
Page 110, line 12, alter “‘eristchton”’ to “‘erisichthon”’
Pape 173, line 21, alter “uph’’ to “upt’’.
Page 119, line 21, after “Synonyms” insert “zeus Plétz
foet: — lerina’ .
Page 1109, line 22, alter “‘cohaerens”’ to “‘cohoerens’’.
Page 131, line 9 from end, alter ‘“‘angusteomarginata’’ to
““angustemarginata’’. :
Page 135, line 22, alter ““in-cell”’ to “across cell’.
Page 136, line 11, alter “‘angusteomaculatus’’ to ‘‘anguste-
maculata’.
Page 137, line 9 from end and wherever it occurs alter
‘* Potomanaxas’’ to “‘ Potamanaxas”’ and also alter “‘ Poto-
manax.”’ to “‘ Potamanax’’.
Page 140, transpose lines 19 and 23.
Page 142, line 7 from end, delete “Clasp as in violacea’’.
Page 142, last line, alter “‘laomo”’ to “‘laoma’’.
Page 149, line 10, alter “Ehrman” to “Ehrmann” and
wherever it occurs.,
Page 160, line 13 from end, alter “‘tamiatus”’ to “‘taeniatus’’.
477
APPENDIX II
Page 175, line 17, after “‘pouch” add “except in thraso
mithridates’ .
Page 177, line 1, alter “Jung 1792” to “Hiibner 1807”.
Page 189, between lines 27 and 28, insert “‘claudianus
(Herrich-Schaffer MS) Staudinger 1876”.
Page 196, lines 11 and 12 from end, alter “‘1891”’ to “1896”
and “‘Grenville”’ to “‘Grouvelle”’.
Page 203, line 5 from end, alter “‘fusconigrans’’ to
“‘ fusconigricans’’.
Page 208, line 6, alter “‘Linter 1878” to ‘‘Mead 1875”’.
Page 208, line 4 from end, delete ““Synonym”’ and transfer
rest of line to page g1, between lines 15 and 14 from end.
Page 214, line 12 from end, alter ‘“‘veducta’’ to “‘fasciata’’.
Page 216, line 1, alter “‘Evans 1942” to “‘ Hayward 1940”’.
Page 219, line 14, alter “‘tesselata”’ to “‘tessellata’’.
Page 225, line 4. E. L. Bell states that suwblinea Schaus is a
species nearly allied to Heliopetes domicella.
Pagez26, line:a1;alter 1870 “to tage
Page 232, line 18, alter “‘Utah”’ to ‘Beaver Dam, Arizona”’.
Staphylus subfasciata Hayward 1931, genitalia were figured
on plate 22, fig. 8 of Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina, vol. V, but
no mention was made of the species in the text, or in any
subsequent publication by the author, who informs that
the specimen cannot be found.
Bryk 1953 (Ark. Zool. N.S. 5: 136-148) has introduced 11 new
names, which have been allocated as follows in the B.M.
mucida (/7. leucomelas ssp.) = Hyalothyrus leucomelas, B8/2.
discalis (7. fulgerator f.) = Thymele fulgerator, C 14/2.
punctisignatus (Cecropterus aunus f.)= Autochton zarex, C 16/9.
fraterculus (Dalla gelus ssp.) = Dalla mesoxantha, H 6/37.
lepidozonos (Cycloglypha) = Cycloglypha thrasibulus, F 9/1.
taracua (Mionectes infernalis ssp.) = Hyalothyrus infernalis
infa, B 8/1.
Dicrosema quadrifenestrata (Gen. et sp. nov.) = Amzsochoria
bahia, E 59/5.
romaniana (H. alana ssp.) = Heliopetes alana, G 2/12.
romani (Padraona) = Lento lento, I 3/6.
hylephila (Vinius arginote ssp.) = Vinius sagitta, I 10/2.
Where appropriate, alterations should be made tothe index.
478
aaroni. M 22/3.
abalus. I 1/2.
abanis:..) 23/3.
abatira. O 7/28.
abauna. O 7/27.
abdon. K 3/3.
abdonides. L 13/3.
abebalus. J 45/12.
acanootus. M 28/7.
AGCIIS! 1139/2:
Acentrocneme. P 1.
achelous. K 4/9.
acraea. K 3/2.
acroleuca. J 12/6.
actor. L 16/1.
adela. K 30/2.
adjuncta. K 13/t1.
Adlerodea. J 42.
Adopaeoides. M 4.
Adopoea. M 5.
adornatus. J 3/5.
advena. L 7/15.
aea. H 2/8.
aeas. O 8/t1.
Aecas. J 13.
aecas. J 13.
Aegiale. P 1.
aegialea. O 6/1.
aegita. O 12/5.
Aella. I 5.
aenus. N 2/5.
aepitus. J 12/1.
aequatoria. J 27/9.
aesculapius. N 2/12.
aestria. O 12/2.
aeteria. J 44/8.
aethra. J 40/2.
aethus. J 48/9.
aetna. M 14/1.
agari. O 6/1.
agaricon. O 19/1.
agassus. K 4/3.
agathocles. H 6/6.
agavis. P 1.
agra. M 28/9.
agricola. M 19/1. |
agrippa. K 30/5.
ahaton. M 13/2.
Aides. O 12.
akuris. J 44/2.
alabamae. M 28/3.
alabamae. P 2/r1.
alameda. M 16/3.
INDEX
albescens. H 6/3.
albinotata. J 27/13.
albistriga. M 34/2.
albocincta. P 2/4.
albofimbriata. K 4/2.
albomarginata. K 33/2.
alcina. M 13/3.
alda. K 28/4.
Alera. K 32.
Alerema. J 44.
aletes. J 23/1.
alfaratta. M 22/5.
aligula. M 29/1.
alleni. H 6/59.
allianca. K 4/12.
allubita. J 209.
almoda. J 23/2.
almoneus. J 28/3.
aloeus. J 45/1.
alsimo. J 2/2.
altama. L 13/2.
alternata. K 13/3.
alternata. N 2/19.
altona. J 44/7.
alumna. J 27/3.
alsa leno
amadis. M 13/4.
amadryas. H 3/2.
amana. J 13.
amanda. M 19/2.
amatola. M 28/14.
amax. K 18/3.
amba. H 6/4.
ambala. H 6/13.
ambicola. O 15/1.
Amblyscirtes. N 2.
amblyspila. M 15/4.
ambrosei. M 33/1.
Ametron. M 33.
amicus. M 25/17.
ammon. App. II.
ammonia. M 24/4.
ampa. M 28/13.
amphissa. M 16/1.
ampyx. K 26.
amyrna. J 29.
anatolica. M 29/2.
Anatrytone. M 17.
anca. H 6/14.
anca. M 6/1.
anchora. O 12/5.
ancillaris. J 39/3.
ancora. M 6/3.
479
INDEX
ancus. J 27/1.
Ancyloxypha. M 1.
andina. M 6/1.
Andinus. M 6.
andricus. O 16/3.
androgeus. App. II.
angellus. M 27/1.
angra. M 25/13
angularis. K 4/r10.
angulina. M 33/3.
angulis. K 26.
angus. J 50/8.
anita. M 33/4.
anna. J 24/4.
anomala. H 2/5.
anomala. J 27/17.
antarctica. M 6/2.
antenora. J 46/1.
Anthomaster. M to.
Anthoptus. I 6.
anthracinus. L 7/1.
antinous. K 24/3.
antiqua. I 15.
antistia. I 2/2.
antoninus. O 14/13.
antra. M 28/20.
antus. L 11/2.
anubis. N 2/21.
apa. M 16/3.
Apaustus. J 1.
apella. I 14/1.
apellus. J 25/1.
apertus. H 4/8.
apheka. K 17/4.
aphilos. K 4/2.
aphractoia. M 23/s.
apicalis. O 15/1.
apostologica. N 1/5.
Appia. M11.
appia. M11.
apta. I 3/12.
aqua. O 16/3.
aquilina. I 12/3.
arabupuana. J 3/7.
arabus. N 3/3.
arcalaus. K 19/t1.
arcas. J 24/4.
archytas. O 8/r1.
arene. M 1/3.
ares. O 6/1.
argentea. K 33/2.
argentea. M 23/3.
argentina. O 7/16.
argina. N 2/9.
arginote. I 10/3.
Argon. K 8.
Argopteron. H 5.
argus, 1 11/3.
argus. J 27/3.
argus. K 8.
argus. K 9g.
argyrina. O 12/1.
argynnis. I 11/5.
argyris. J 46/r1.
argyrocoryne. K 28/1.
argyrospila. J 10/1.
argyrostactos. O 12/5.
arignote. I 10/3.
Arita. J 38.
arita. J 38/1.
arogos. M 17/1.
Aroma. O 17.
aroma. O 17/1.
Arotis. M 28.
arpa. M 28/1.
arpia. H 6/52.
artiei. J 43/1.
Artines. J 12.
artona. J 45/13.
arva. J 45/18.
aryxna. P 2/s.
Asbolis. M 36.
ascha. H 6/9.
asella. N 2/17.
asema. J 50/9.
asilas. O 12/5.
aspernatus. O 7/8.
aspilota. O 15/1.
assiniboia. M 10/1.
astiga. J 42/3.
astur. J 27/1.
Atalopedes. M 16.
atheas. K 4/9.
athenion. M 15/1.
atizies. J 12/1.
atramentarius. J 36/5.
atrata. K 4/8.
Atrytone. M 17.
Atrytonopsis. N 1.
attalus. M 10/15.
Aubertia. H 1.
augustus. M 16/1.
aurantiaca. M 3/t1.
aurea. M 1/5.
aureipennis. H 5/1.
aurelius. J 45/9.
aurifer. K 24/2.
aurina. K 30/2.
aurinia. M 28/10.
auristriga. J 34/10.
aurora. I 5/3.
aurora. K 6.
aurosa. H 6/55.
austrinus. J 4/3.
autumna. J 37/3.
aviola. O 19/2.
axius. M 7/1.
aysense. H 5/1.
azin. M 22/8.
480
badius. K 2/s.
bahiensis. M 15/4.
baiva. M 22/4.
bajula. O 16/4. .
balba. O 17/2.
balsa. M 25/6.
balteatus. K 23/t1.
balza. K 28/5.
baracoa. M 13/4.
barbara. J 12/3.
barbara. M 25/3.
barnesi. J 49/1.
barroni. M 23/9.
basistrigata. M 6/t1.
basoches. K 28/1.
basta. J 47/3.
batesi. M 24/7.
baueri. p. 472.
bebarus. J 28/1.
beda. J 2/9.
belfragei. M 10/9.
belistida. -K 6.
bella. I 8/2.
belli. J 41/3.
belli. N 2/18.
belli. O 2/11.
bellus. M 24/4.
bellus. N 2/23.
belpa. K 23/1.
benchos. K 28/8.
berryi. M 28/6.
berus. I 2/r1.
besa. App. I.
besckei. O 11/5.
bias. J 14/2.
bicolor. J 14/1.
biforis. I 8/1.
bilineata. M 2/4.
bimacula. M 28/7.
binaria. L 7/14.
binota. O 15/1.
bion. M 1/1.
bipunctata. J 39/t1.
bipunctata. K 33/2.
biserta. L 8/1.
bissexguttatus. H 4/8.
bistriata. M 4/2.
bistrigula. L 7 /12.
bittiae. M 13/1.
blenda. K 4/s.
blotta. K 4/6.
bocus. J 22/5.
boeta. M 2/4.
bogotana. O 7/14.
boisduvalii. K 33/t1.
bola. O 2/9.
boliviana. K 28/12.
boliviensis. L 11/6.
boliviensis. H 6/60.
bomax. L 7/13.
bonfilius. O 8/1.
bonta. O 8/1.
borealis. M 10/1.
borincona. M 24/6.
boulleti. M 6/8.
Dexia, 3/2:
braesia. O 16/3.
branca. I 25/2.
brasina. L 16/4.
brasta. K 12/3.
brettoides. M 13/1.
brettus. M 13/1.
brino. O 12/4.
brinoides. K 28/1.
briquenydan. J 48/10.
brooksii. K 27/1.
browni. L 11/5.
Bruna. L 5.
bruna. L 5.
brunnea. H 2/1.
brunnescens. J 43/5.
bryanti. L 10/1.
bryna. M 28/19.
bubobon. H 6/17.
bucephalus. M 6/1.
buchholzi. M 28/5.
bulenta. M 18/2.
bursa. K 18/4.
bushi. L 8/2.
Butleria. H 4.
butus. K 30/1.
Buzyges. M 20.
byssus. M 18/r1.
byzas. L 6/r1.
cabella. L 8/1.
cabelus. M 10/1.
cabenta. O 8/1.
cacajo. O 7/4.
caenides. H 6/46.
caerulans. J 18/2.
caesar. App. I.
caesena. K 20/5.
caeso. O 11/8.
caicus. H 6/24.
calaon. H 6/1.
calcarea. I 6/2.
calega. M 2/2.
california. M 10/5.
californica. M 28/8.
californica. App. I.
caligula. L 14.
Caligulana. L 14.
calla. M 13/1.
callidemas. O 12/5.
Callimormus. J 2.
calna, © 2/2.
calonice. L 6/1.
Calpodes. O1.
481
INDEX
INDEX
calthula. L 16/6.
calva. I 9/1.
calvina. K 22/2.
caminus. O 19/2.
campestris. M 16/1.
campicola. K 17/4.
campo. L 2/3.
camposa. K 16/2.
camposi. J 32/7.
camposi-portoi. J 49/1.
candellariae. J 50/10.
candida. M 3/1.
candidus. K 4/1.
canente. O 8/4.
caniola. O 8/4.
canna. K 20/4.
cannae. L 6/1.
canta. J 48/2.
Cantha. I 9.
cantra. K 13/2.
cappa. J 49/4.
caprotina. O 8/1.
capucinus. M 36.
caraca. © 7/24)
carasta. J 28/9.
carin. M 6/t1.
carinna. J 26/10.
carmenta. K 3/2.
carnis. H 6/48.
carolina. N 2/13.
carteri. M 16/3.
Carterocephalus. H 1.
carus. M 7/2.
Carystina. K 24.
Carystoides. K 28.
Carystus. K 18.
cassus. N 2/4.
casta. N 3/16.
castor. O 7/9.
castra. El 3/7.
catahorma. M 21/2.
catargyra. J 45/20.
catha. O 14/18.
cathaea. K 28/12.
Catia. M 14.
catilina. M 13/1.
catina. K 31/1.
catioides. M 28/11.
catocala. J 37/11.
catochra. H 6/70.
catochra. O 7/25.
cauquensis. H 4/2.
calita ) 17.
cavalla. J 27/5.
cecropteroides. O 11/5.
cecropterus. O 8/7.
celeus. I 9/1.
celia. N 2/18.
celsus. K 12/2.
centra. I 11/6.
centralis. J 33/1.
cephis. J 32/1.
cephoides. J 32/4.
ceraca. K 33/1.
ceracates. H 2/4.
cerdo. J 40/1.
cernes. M 13/2.
certima. K 28/3.
cervus. K 26.
cerymicoides. K 8.
cestus. N 1/7.
Chaerephon. M 7.
Chalcone. M 31.
chalcone. M 31/t1.
chalestra. O 13/1.
chamis. J 39/2.
chao. J 26/4.
chapada. O 2/6.
charybdis. H 6/35.
chela. J 27/7.
chemnis. O 1.
cherra. M 28 /21.
chima. K 30/7.
chingachchook. L 16/s.
chinta. J 28/10.
chiomara. O 14/3.
chiria. I 14/4.
chiriquensis. L 8/r.
chisosensis. P2/5.
chispa. M 13/6.
chittara. M 15/4.
Chloearia. O 18.
chlorocephala. J 51/3.
chlorocephala. O 7/12.
chlorus. O 2/15.
Choranthus. M 24.
chromis. M 8.
chrysogastra. M 33/2.
chrysophrys. J 32/r1.
chula....J 27/12:
chusca. M 13/6.
chydaea. L 16/1.
cicus,.O' 9/3.
cidra. M 35/2.
cilissa. O 15/6.
cincia. O 16/1.
cineas. O 2/14.
cinerita. J 37/4.
cingo. H 2/9.
cingulicornis. J 49/4.
ciniea.. O 5/3:
cinna. M 14/1.
cinnamomea. K 1/1.
circellata. J 48/6.
citrus. M 7/2.
clara. M 13/1.
claudianus. K 18/8.
claudianus. App. II.
clavicula. J 28/8.
clavus. K 26.
482
clavus. M 25/3.
cleanthes. O 15/1.
cleochares. L 7/13.
cnidus. App. I.
coatapeca. K 5/2.
Cobaloides. K 9.
Cobalopsis. J 37.
Cobalus. K 22.
cocalus. J 48/3.
cocalus. L 11/8.
cocalus. N 3/13.
cocha. H 6/22.
cochles. O 2/1.
cocoa. L 10/1.
coda. J 44/9.
Coeliades. App. I.
cofaqui. P 2/2.
colenda. K 30/6.
coler. J 10/3.
colobus. I 8/1.
colomus. J 44/5.
coloradensis. P 2/1.
colorado. M 10/1.
columbaria. J 51/1.
columbia. M 10/5.
coma. K 3/2.
combinata. M 13/1.
. combusta. K 28/2.
cometho. J 4/1.
comma. M 10/1.
commodus. K 5/2.
commodus. M 24/2.
complana. J 50/2.
complanula. J 47/1.
compta. J 40/2.
comstocki. M 13/6.
comus. N 2/16.
concepcionis. N 3/1.
concors. O 13/1.
conda. O 5/2.
confixa. L 2/11.
conflua. O 5/1.
conformis. M 16/3.
Conga. L 16.
conka. J 45/20.
connexa. H 6/44.
conspicua. I 8/1.
conspicua. M 28/5.
conspicuus. L 1/4.
conta. J 27/1.
conta. J 32/9.
continua. J 32/9. .
contradicta. M 28/7.
Copaeodes. M 3.
corades. J 2/7.
coras. M 13/7.
cordela. K 7° -
Cordillana. M 6.
corescene. J 27/9.
coridon. K 30/2.
INDEX
corisana. L 7/7.
corna. O 13/1.
cornelius. M 28/9.
coroicana. I 7/1.
coroicensis. K 4/8.
corope. K 26.
corope. L 7/15.
corrupta. O 2/10.
corta. M 31/1.
Corticea. I 7.
corticea. I 7/2.
corus. J 2/5.
corusca. O 10/1.
corydon. K 30.
coryna. J 45/20.
coscinia. O 6/1.
costala. H 6/9.
cotiso. J 34/2.
cous. App. II.
coxeyi. I 7/4.
coxeyi. K 24/1.
coyana. J 39/7.
crassinota. M 15/5.
crataea. K 26.
crates. O 19/2.
credula. App. I.
crepuscularis. K 7.
cretatus. App. II.
crinitus. K 15/2.
criska. L 10/2.
crispa. J 45/6.
crispinus. J 33/5.
crista. L 10/4.
cristatus. L 10/5.
cristina. L 10/3.
crithote. H 6/62.
crotona. K 30/8.
ctyanus. J 36/4.
cuadadra. H 6/68.
cubana. L 8/1.
culta. O 14/18.
Cumbre. J 41.
cumbre. J 41/1.
cunaxa. M 16/3.
cundina. K 28/8.
cuneata. M 33/2.
cupavia. H 6/35.
curassavica. M 14/1.
curia. H 6/74.
curiosa. H 6/75.
currani. K 25.
curtius. J 39/2.
cusillunia. J 33/4.
Cyclosma. L 13.
cyclosticta. H 2/r1.
Cydia. © 11/5:
Cydrus.. J 53%
Cymaenes. J 27.
cynaxa. K 17/1.
Cynea. L 7.
483
INDEX
cynea. L 7/14.
cynisca. K 31/1. -
cyprius. H 6/16.
cypselus. H 6/31.
cyrus. L 7/2.
dacotae. M 10/12.
dacotah. M 13/5.
dagon. J 37/12.
Dalla. H 6.
dalla. I 14/5.
dalman. O 7/4.
dama. L 11/6.
Damas. K 26.
damma. J 11/2.
dampfi. H 6/64.
danius. J 28/7.
dappa. J 49/4.
Dardarina. H 3.
dardaris. H 3/1.
dares. M 15/5.
daridaeus. H 3/5.
darina. M 15/6.
dasia. O 16/6.
decca. H 6/57.
deceptus. K 30/5.
decia. M 29/1.
Decinea. L 11.
decinea. L 11/2.
decora. J 34/2.
decrepida. J 2/7.
dedecora. J 37/1.
dee. P 2/r.
degener. J 43/4.
delaware. M 17/2.
deleta. N 4.
demon. K 4/8.
denta. L 11/2.
depuncta. K 1/1.
derasa. M 28/14.
derisor. L 11/2.
deva. N 1/2.
devanes. K 33/2.
devergens. M 30/2.
diaeses. J 2/3.
diana. J 45/7.
Dicrosema. App. II
dictynna. M 13/1.
dictys. J 36/6.
dido. J 39/2.
diduca. J 27/13.
difficilis. O 13/2.
diluta. L 7/13.
dimassa. J 10/1.
dimidiatus. H 6/21.
dimidiatus. J 1/1.
Dion. IK 3,
dion. J 45/7.
dion. M 28/3.
diores. K 18/g.
diraspes. H 6/52.
discalis. App. II.
discors. K 22/3.
disjuncta. J 45/1.
dispersa. N 3/1.
dissoluta. K 22/2.
dissultus. O 7/5.
distigma. J 27/12.
distigma. J 51/1.
diversa. J 45/10.
dives. M 32/1.
dividuum. H 6/20.
dodgei. M 10/1.
doello-juradoi. M 33/3.
dognini. H 6/26.
dognini. K 4/1.
dolabella. H 6/42.
dolor. J 8/2.
dolores. K 30/2.
donga. J 45/10.
doppa. H 6/57.
dora. H 6/27.
draco. M 13/6.
drina. K 30/5.
drona. J 45/10.
drova. J 45/11.
drucei. P 2/s.
druryi. M 14/1.
dryas. J 26/11.
dryas. M 1/2.
dryops. I 5/r.
dubia. J 48/4.
Dubiella. K 23.
dubitans. I 2/1.
dubius. K 23/2.
duena. J 33/3.
duidensis. O 7/17.
dukesi. M 28/4.
dukolum. I 5/1.
duma. O 12/1.
duolineata. M 2/4.
duovata. H 6/52.
duroca. L 7/2.
duseni. H 4/4.
duspecca. L 6/1.
dyma. L 6/2.
dysaules. N 3/4.
dyscritus. J 37/4.
dysoni. O 12/3.
eberti. J 41/3.
eburones. K 6/58.
Ebusus. K 6.
ebusus. K 6.
eclates. O 4/1.
edata. J 27/9.
edda. J 37/3.
edith. M 32/3.
484
edlichi. L 12/2.
edwardsi. N 1/8.
edwardsii. M 2/3.
egeremet. M 14/1.
egla. O 8/2.
egma. L 12/3.
ekka. J 33/12.
elana. K 17/4.
elara. O 12/3.
elegans. J 2/1.
elegans. J 37/6.
elegantula. J 52/3.
elenora. K 23/2.
eleutherae. I 15.
elgina. J 39/6.
elides. J 25/1.
elisa. K 30/8.
elissa. N 2/8.
elka. H 6/35.
elna. H 6/58.
elva. O 8/4.
elvira. K 18/t1.
elwesi. H 4/3.
emacareus. O 7/7.
emba. N 3/7.
emma. M 6/s.
ena. H 6/58.
Enosis. K 4.
enys. M 13/7.
eorius. J 2/9.
eos. N 2/16.
epaphus. L 7/t1.
Epeus. J 5.
epiberus. I 7/4.
epictetus. I 6/1.
epidius. I 11/3.
Epinosis. K 4.
epiphanaeus. H 6/14.
Epiphyes. N 2.
epitus. O 12/1.
Eprius. J 5.
equa. I 2/2.
equatoria. H 6/33.
erebina. L 7/13.
ergola. K 5/2.
erna. N 2/7.
errans. O 2/2.
erratica. M 22/7.
errator. J 24/4.
erythrostictus. N3/5.
erynnoides. M 10/5.
eryonas. H 6/42. ©
espa. J 23/6.
esperi. O 14/12.
etelka. J 40/3.
eteocla. L 2/8.
ethemides. O 7/5.
ethlius. O 1.
ethoda. O 13/4.
ethologus. J 26/7.
INDEX
eucherus. J 45/12.
eudega. K 13/2.
eudesmia. I 3/6.
eufala. N 3/1.
eugeon. O 2/2.
eulogius. M 25/7.
Eumesia. H 6.
eunus. M 8.
euphrasia. M 1/3.
Euphyes. M 28.
Euroto. J 40.
Euthymus. M 6.
Eutocus. J 3.
Eutychide. J 50.
evadnes. O 2/15.
evages. H 6/31.
evanidus. J 29.
evans. J 18/1.
evansi. H 4/3.
evansi. J 46/3.
evansi. O 2/12.
evansi. O 8/5.
evansi. P 2/8.
Evansiella. K 7.
exclamationis. J 43/3.
exilis. I 10/3.
exornatus. H 4/4.
exoteria. N 2/2.
fabulinus. J 3/3.
facetus. H 4/4.
facilis. J 3/r1.
Falga. I 1.
fantasos. J 45/12.
farina. I 1/3.
farinosa. J 23/3.
fartuga. J 34/2.
fascia. M 33/1.
fasciata. M 33/4.
fasciolata. M 6/5.
fassli. M 6/11.
fastus. I 11/2.
faula. H 6/51.
favetta. J 50/2.
favor. M 3/3.
felix. J 45/7.
felta. J 34/3.
ferrago. I 3/5.
fidicula. K 22/1.
fido. J 24/1.
fieldi. M 25/4.
filata. J 2/2.
fimbriata. N 2/23.
fimbriola. H 6/42.
finitimus. K 30/5.
fiscella. K 23/1.
fischeri. O 14/6.
fista, L 7/6.
Flaccilla. J 13.
485
INDEX
flagrans. M 32/1.
flavens. M 25/3.
flaveola. M 16/1.
flavimargo. H 5/1.
flavipalpis. App. I.
flavocostata. I 3/10.
flavofasciata. O 20/2.
flavomaculatus. H 4/4.
floridae. N 3/1.
floridensis. M 28/2.
florus. N 2/20.
flossites. J 51/1.
floxa. H 6/4.
fluonia. N 2/7.
focus... J| 12/2:
folia. N 2/1.
fonda. O2/14.
forbesi. J 28/6.
forbesi. N 3/6.
forma. J 32/2.
formosus. L 11/6.
fortis. 11/2:
fosca.a) 2/7.
fractifascia. M 32/2.
francisca. M 19/2.
frappenda. K 29/1.
frater. H 6/36.
fraterculus. App. II.
fraus. 27/18
friedliei. M 22/5.
frontinia. H 6/15.
fruticolens. H 4/7.
fufidia. O 2/12.
fuldia, L 2/1.
fulgens. M 32/t.
fulguratoides. O 16/6.
fuliginosa. J 17.
fulla. M 32/2.
fulva. M 6/2.
fulvangula. O 7/10.
fulvicrus. O 19/2.
fulvimargo. K 30/5.
furcata. K 32/3.
furcifer. J 28/8.
fusca. J 26/1.
fusca. J 44/6.
fusca. N 3/1.
fusina. O 2/12.
fusta. O 14/5.
gabina. L 15/4.
gabinus. J 10/1.
gades. M 33/2.
gagatina. M 28/14.
galera. M 6/7.
Gallion fers.
gallio. J 15.
garima. J 44/1.
garita. M 2/2.
gaujoni. H 6/14.
gava. J 49/3.
gayra. O 8/2.
geisa. J 40/3.
gelus. H 6/34.
gemignanii. J 32/6
gemma. M 14/1.
gemmatus. K 3/1.
genes. H 6/29.
genoa. M 13/6.
genta. I 3/13.
geon. H 6/39.
gerasa. K 27/2.
gereon. M 14/2.
gertschi. J 49/6.
geta. J 6/r1.
gisca. J 27/10.
gispara. J 27/3.
gisparoides. J 27/3.
gladolis. M 25/3.
gladys. O 11/2.
glamis. L 13/1.
gloriosa. M 29/2.
godarti. K 33/1.
godmani. L 1/1.
godmani. M 28/9.
Godmania. I 2.
golenia. M 13/t1.
golia. H 6/29.
Goniloba. O 11.
gorta. J 28/4.
gota. J 43/8.
goza. M 33/2.
gracia. N 3/6.
gracilis. J 1/1.
grandimacula. App. II.
grandipuncta. K 5/2.
granites. H 6/65.
granta, J 34/8.
grapte. O 2/13.
grossula. N 4.
grotei. N 1/1.
grovius. H 6/4.
grynea. M 6/2.
guerreronis. O 7/4.
guianae. J 26/5.
gulala. O 9/2.
gura. J 50/2.
gyrans. H 2/5.
haematites. K 1/r.
haitensis. M 24/3.
hala. M 6/1.
hallia. O 7/12.
Halotus. M 27.
Hansa. M 30.
- hanta. K 22/1.
harpalus. M 10/tr.
haworthiana. K 32/2.
486
haywardi. H 5/1.
haywardi. M 6/2.
haywardi. O 7/18.
heberia. M 25/7.
hebon. K 28/1.
hecale. M 26/1.
hecebolus. O 2/5.
Hedone. M 13.
hegon. N 2/9.
heinrichi. K 17/4.
helva. M 25/14.
hemeterius. M 28/9.
hemizona. O 3/1.
henricus. O 17/2.
heraea. I 13/1.
heras. M 26/2.
hermesia. O 8/7.
hermione. I 3/r1.
hermoda. K 20/1.
heroni. K 30/3.
hersilia. K 22/1.
hesia. J 34/14.
hesioides. K 22/1.
Hesperia. M ro.
hesperia. M 24/6.
hesperiaris. P 1.
hesperioides. H 6/12.
heterospila. O 2/4.
hewitsoni. O 14/10.
hianna, N 1/1.
hiarbas. K 15/1.
hicetaon. J 6/2.
hieroglyphica. O 7/21.
hilas. M 14/2.
hilda. J 45/16.
hilina. H 6/25.
himella. O 7/26.
hippo. L 7/2.
hispa. K 13/3.
hister. H 6/12.
hobomok. M 22/s.
hocus. K 18/2.
hoffmanni. J 23/5.
hoffmanni. N 3/20.
hoffmanni. P 2/7.
holguin. L 17.
Holguinia. L 17.
hondura. K 28/7.
honor. I 9/2.
honta, E11/2.
horridus. K 4/7.
horus. M1o/9.
howardi. M 22/3.
huanca. H 6/10.
huascari. J 26/4.
huaynai. J 10/2.
hiibneri. M 24/2.
hughi. M 22/1.
hulbirti. M 10/1.
humeralis. I 13/1.
hundurensis. O 16/6.
huntingdoni. L 11/2.
hurleyi. H 6/61.
huron. M 16/1.
hyagnis. J 33/11.
hyalinus. L 15/r1.
hyas. K 30/5.
hyboma. M 30/1.
hycsos. L 7/10.
hydra. M 30/2.
hylaspes. K 17/2.
hylax. M 2/2.
Hylephila. M 6.
hylephila. App. II.
hypargyra. J 46/t1.
hyperythrus. J 49/4.
hypochlora. M 33/5.
hypodesma. M 33/2.
hypozona. M 13/1.
ibhara. H 6/60.
ibis. K 5/3.
iccius. K 4/4.
idaho. M 10/1.
idees i) 44/1:
idothea. M 20.
idria. J 27/4.
igaparus. J 2/7.
-ignarus. J 36/2.
igniculus. O 19/2.
ignorans. M 6/10.
iheringii. L 16/4.
illepidus. J 30.
illimanensis. I 8/1.
illinois. M 28/7.
illudens. J 28/1.
imerius. I 3/8.
immaculata. K 4/8.
immaculata. L 16/3.
immaculata. M 28/8.
immaculatus. L 9/4.
immocerinus. I 7/s.
ina. J 8/t1.
inca. H 6/24.
incay J 14/1.
inca. J 28/2.
incantator. O 12/3.
incompta. J 40/2.
incomptus. N 3/9.
inconspicua. M 25/12.
inculta. I 6/1.
indecisa. P 2/10.
inframaculata. K 4/8.
infuscata. K 4/10.
inimica. M 22/10.
insidiosa. I 2/1.
insignis. J 26/9.
insolata. M 28/10.
insulae-pinorum. N 2/1.
487
INDEX
INDEX
insulanus. J 49/4.
insularis. M 24/2.
integra. J 36/7.
intermedia. I 2/2.
interpunctata. J 2/3.
iowa. M 17/1.
iquita. L 7/5.
ira. J. 34/11;
irena. O 16/10.
iricolor, K 32/2.
irma, L 7/3.
isidorus. M 1/3.
isonira. M 6/4.
istria. I 10/4.
isus. J 27/0.
itea. K 31/2.
ittona. J 11/1.
ivea. I 9/2.
jabesa. J 45/5.
yacta. I 1/2.
jamaca. J 27/1.
jamaicensis. I 15.
jamba. J 27/11.
janka. O 3/2.
janna. J 2/1.
jean. M 3/3.
jebus. O 3/2.
jeconia. I 1/2.
jelskyi. H 6/55.
jera. J 25/4.
Joanna. L 3.
joanna. L 3/1.
joannisi. O 15/4.
jobrea. M 14/1.
jolus. K 18/4.
jonesi. H 3/8.
jora. O 7/6.
juba. M 10/7.
judas. M 15/1.
julia. L 26/2.
julianus. K 30/2.
jumbo. O 2/12.
junga. H 6/14.
junia. M 32/3.
junior. K 18/7.
Justinia. J 49.
justinianus. J 49/4.
justinioides. J 33/4.
juventus. J 2/6.
kadeni. J 3/4.
kasus. L 7/14.
kayei. M 28/16.
kedema. M 16/1.
kenava. I 8/2.
kiowah. M 28/8.
igrbyil’ Mia.
kirschi. M 32/3.
klugi. J 45/15.
kéhleri. J 6/2.
kéhleri. M 35/2.
kollari. P 1.
kora. J 49/1.
koza. J 46/2.
krexos. I 3/6.
krexoides. I 3/13.
kruegeri. I 15.
kumskaka. M 18/1.
labdacus. J 28/2.
lachares. O 8/3.
lacordairii. M 14/1.
laddeyi. O 15/4.
laeus. App. II.
lafresnayei. J 45/1.
lagon. M 15/1.
lagus. M 17/2.
lalage. H 6/50.
Lamponia. J 52.
lamponia. J 52/t1.
lania. H 6/13.
lanna. H 6/6.
lapithes. J 45/16.
larias. J 36/2.
larseni. J 24/4.
laska. J 24/10.
lasus. M 10/8.
lateranus. J 15/4.
lathaea. H 6/50. -
latonia. J 37/2.
laurea. J 45/8.
laureatus. O 8/6.
laurens. O 14/9.
laurentina. M 10/1.
laureolus. J 27/6.
lautus. O 14/11.
lebbaeus. K 28/8.
lemba. J 42/4.
lemur. J 37/4.
lenda. H 6/7.
lenta. J 39/5.
Lento. I 3.
lento. I 3/6.
leonardus. M 10/16.
leopardus. J 22/1.
lepidozonos. App. II.
leporina. M 1/3.
lepta. J 27/2.
lepte: J 17:
leptosema. M 28/12.
Lerema. J 39.
Lerodea. N 3.
lesueuri. K 20/4.
letis. I 10/1.
leucogaster. M 33/1.
leucogaster. O 10/1.
488
leucomelas. K 22/2.
leucone. J 26/6.
leuconoides. J 26/6.
leucopogon. L 7/3.
leucospila. H 2/s.
leussleri. M 10/1.
leussleri. P 2/4.
Levina. I 4.
levina. I 4.
Vherminieri. J 26/1.
liberia. M 10/2.
Libra. M 2g.
Librita. M 26.
librita. M 26/t1.
licia; 5 O: 13/2.
licinus. M 10/9.
lidia. M 10/16.
ligilla. H 6/20.
lila. K 28/6.
lilla. H 6/21.
lilliae. M 24/5.
limae. J 27/16.
limana. K 30/2.
limba. H 6/14.
Limochores. M 13.
lina. M 12.
linda. N 2/5.
lindigiana. K 30/6.
Lindra. O/9.
lindseyi. M 10/4.
lindseyi. M 15/4.
lineola. M 5.
lineosa. J 39/4.
linga. O 11/4.
Linka. M 12.
lingss 30/3:
listo. I 3/9.
litana. O 8/t1.
livia. H 6/32.
loammi. N 1/5.
lochius. J 39/2.
loeus. App. II.
logan. M 17/2.
loma. M 13/4.
longa. I 3/3.
longirostris. O 14/15.
longleyi. M 1/1.
lonia. H 6/6.
lora. I 3/13.
lorda. H 6/8.
lota. K 28/4.
lotana. O 4/1.
lotus. I 3/10.
lotus. K 30/3.
loxa. J 27/6.
Jucas. J 47/1.
lucia. J 22/1.
Lucida. J 22.
INDEX
lucifer. L 11/8.
Jucretius. I 45/16.
luctatius. L 7/1.
lucto. I 3/7.
luctuosa. O 2/14.
luda. O 16/6.
Ludens. J 7.
ludens. J 7.
ludo. I 3/13.
lugens. J 48/6.
lugubris. J 28/5.
lugubris. O 19/3.
lujana. M 6/2.
lumida. M 13/1.
lumina. J 39/1.
lunata. I 2/1.
lunus. N 1/3.
lupulina. M 22/11.
lupus. M 32/3.
lurida. J 26/10.
luscinia. K 30/5.
lutetia. O 7/11.
lutulenta. I 2/5.
lycaenoides. I 2/r1.
lycagus. O 19/3.
Lycas. K 33.
Lychnuchoides. K 29.
Lychnuchus. K 12.
lyco. K 2/4.
lyco. L 11/5.
lycortas. L 15/2.
lyde. J 40/3.
lydora. L 11/5.
lyrcea. J 45/10.
lysias. I 7/4.
lysis. H 6/51.
lysiteles. K 24/t1.
mabillei. J 27/15.
macareus. O 7/7.
macia. J 14/1.
macintyrei. J 27/3.
macra. M 3/1.
maculata. J 49/7.
maculata. N 4.
madius. J 28/11.
madra. J 28/1.
maeon. J 45/10.
magdalia. M 24/1.
magica. M 24/4.
mago. M 14/1.
malitiosa. I 2/2.
mammoea. L 11/1.
mamurra. O 14/11.
manataaqua. M 13/3.
mandan. H1.
mango. I 13/1.
manitoba. M 10/1.
manitoboides. M 10/13.
489
INDEX
manta. K 28/9. meridionalis. J 41/1.
mapirica. M 28/17. meridionalis. N 2/19.
maracanae. I 6/2.
maravilha. K 16/3.
marcus. J 45/9.
marcus. N 2/2.
mardon. M 13/6.
mardonius. O 17/2.
margarita. M 13/1.
margarita. N 1/7.
marginatus. M 1/1.
mariae. P 2/6.
marmorata. K 30/2.
maroma. K 28/11.
marpesia. K 18/8.
mars. H 6/67.
matsa. O 7/25.
martius. O 10/1.
massarus. J 44/1.
massasoit. M 22/1.
massimii. J 45/8.
Mastor. N 2.
matalma. L 9/1.
mate. N 2/20.
matha. K 30/4.
mathiolus. O 14/1.
matildae. J 3/4.
matucanae. O 7/29.
matuta. I 9/3.
mazares. O 15/2.
meda. K 3/3.
Megaleas. K 11.
megalops. L 7/11.
Megathymus. P 2.
Megistias. J 27.
mejicanus. P 2/9.
melaleuca. O 3/2.
melane. M 23/1.
melanoneura. M 1/7.
melas. J 16.
melitaea. J 22/1.
melius. L 7/4.
mella. M 25/3.
Mellana. M 25.
mellona. M 25/7.
memuca. M 34/1.
mendica. I 7/1.
menes. J 1/2.
menestriesi. J 46/2.
mengeli. M 15/4.
menopsis. M 15/5.
menta. I 13/5.
mentor. H 6/43.
meraca. J 33/11.
merenda. O 11/10.
merendula. O 11/10.
meriani. App. II.
merida. H 6/38.
merida. I 8/t1.
meridiani. M 25/15.
merula. H 6/58.
mesapano. H 1.
meskei. M 10/14.
mesogramma. M 16/3.
mesoxantha. H 6/37.
metacomet. M 28/8.
metallica. K 32/4.
metanira. J 23/4.
metea. M 10/9.
metella. K 17/5.
Methion. J 16.
Methionopsis. J 8.
_ Metiscus. K 4.
metius. I 9/5.
meton. L 1/4.
metonidia. L 1/3.
Metrocles. M 33.
Metron. M 33.
mexicana. M 25/8.
miaba. J 27/23.
micon. J 47/1.
microsema. J 36/5.
microsticta. H 2/7.
mictra. J 24/3.
Mictris. App. II.
micylla. N 3/1.
micythus. J 40/2.
midia. J 50/2.
migonei. O 19/2.
milesi. L 11/4.
milo. K 27/2.
milo. M 19/1.
milor. M 35/4.
Miltomiges. K 1.
milvius. M 35/4.
mima. M 6/4.
minaya. M 14/2.
mingo. App. I.
minima. M 3/2.
minimus. J 3/2.
minka. L 15/1.
minos. O 3/1.
miqua. J 39/2.
mirabilis. I 1/2.
miser. H 6/23.
misera. K 4/11.
misera. M 14/1.
Misius. I re.
misius. I 12.
Mnasalcas. J 32.
Mnaseas. J 14.
Mnasicles. J 6.
Mnasilus. J 29.
Mnasinous. J 31.
Mnasitheus. J 32.
Mnestheus. J 11.
mocoreta. N 3/14.
modesta. J 8/r1.
490
modesta. J 42/r1.
modesta. N 3/15.
modestrus. J 27/8.
modestus. J 8/1.
modius. J 48/3.
Moeris. J 33.
Moeros. K 21.
moeros. K 21.
molion. O 16/2.
Molla. J 35.
molla. J 35.
Molo. I 13.
monacha. J 45/4.
monastica. J 23/7.
Monca. J 25.
moneraspernatus. O 7/11.
monestes. J 27/19.
monica. M 25/11.
monoco. J 39/2.
monospila. H 6/49.
montana. M 10/to.
montes. | 11/7.
monticola. M 6/1.
monticola. M 23/7.
monus. J 36/4.
mooreana. J 39/3.
mora. H 6/47.
morgani. M 30/2.
morganta. M 13/1.
morrisoni. M g.
morsa. O 14/16.
morva. H 6/59.
Morys. J 40.
mubevensis. L 11/9.
Mucia. L 9.
mucida. App. II.
mulla. J 39/3.
mulleri. M 25/7.
musa, .j 38/7.
musarion. O 16/8.
muska. I 3/15.
mutchleri. M 14/1.
mutius. M 17/1.
muzo. I 13/2.
myna. K 20/3.
myra. O 16/9.
myron. M 25/12.
myrona. I 8/2.
myrtis. M 1/3.
mys. I 5/1.
mystic. M 13/s.
mythecus. I 5/2.
myus. M 13/4.
nabokovi. M 16/2.
nabona. O 11/9.
Naevolus. J 53.
naevolus. J 53.
naevus. J 53.
A.H.—32
nanea. O 15/5.
nanneta. L 11/2.
nanno. N. 2/2.
nanta. O 19/1.
nanus. M 2/5.
napa. M 19/2.
nappa. J 24/2.
Nastra. J 26.
nausiphanes. J 44/11.
navajo. P 2/r1.
nayana. M 25/1.
Neadopea. M 4.
nealcas. O 16/6.
neamathla. J 26/3.
nebrophone. I 13/1.
nella. J 32/5.
nemoris. N 2/9.
nemorum. M 19/1.
nemorus. J 34/6.
Neoxeniades. O 16.
nereus. N 2/14.
nero. J 37/4.
nero. O 2/11.
neroides. L 11/5.
neumoegeni. P 2/5.
nevada. M 10/3.
nicomedes. I 10/1.
Niconiades. O 11.
nida. O 15/5.
nigel. O 14/7.
nigrans. J 36/8.
nigrans. K 4/8.
nigritulus. J 26/9.
nikko. O 11/6.
nilus. N 2/16.
ninus. O 7/10.
nippa. L 7/9.
nitidula. M 1/6.
nitra. J 32/3.
niveolimbus. M 23/8.
noctis. I 7/2.
noctis. M 33/6.
noka. M 25/10.
nona. H 6/29.
norda. J 49/2.
norica. App. I.
norma. J 28/1.
nortonii. J 39/2.
norus. N 4.
nosa. O 16/6.
noseda. K 28/2.
nostra. J 24/8.
notex. L 2/4.
nubila. L 7/7.
nubilus. K 30/8.
nubs. M 13/5.
numitor. M 1/1.
nux. J 20.
Nyctelius. O 6.
nyctelius. O 6/1.
491
INDEX
INDEX
Nyctus. K 15.
nysa. N 2/15.
Oarisma. M2.
obeda. K 4/2.
obido. L 2/2.
oblinita. I 7/3.
obrepta. K 1/2.
obscura. N 3/1.
obscurior. M 15/4.
obscurus. L 1/4.
obsoleta. J 27/3.
obsoletus. J 27/3.
oca. J 34/4.
occulta. J 17.
Ochlodes. M 19.
ochracea. M 10/t.
ochrolimbata. H 6/69.
ochroneura. L 2/5.
ochrope. O 15/1.
ochus. J 50/3.
ocola. O 2/4.
ocrinus. O 12/6.
octomaculata. H 6/40.
Ocytes. M 10.
odilia. I 11/3.
odilia. J 27/9.
odol. I 1/2.
oeagrus. J 34/9.
oebasus. J 22/1.
Oenides. K 32.
oenone. J 43/4.
Oeonus. L 12.
ogallala. M 10/11.
ogdenensis. M 10/7.
ogeechensis. M 22/7.
olenus. K 12/2.
Oligoria. N 4.
olivacea. N 3/12.
olympia. J 50/4.
olynthus. O 1.
omadius. J 2/2.
omaha. App. I.
ombra. I 1/2.
onaca. J 45/12.
onasima. L 11/6.
oneko. N 2/12.
Onophas. J 51.
ophis. O 2/1.
ophites. M 14/1.
opigena. O 7/3.
optata. K 5/r1.
orasus. O 19/2.
orbius. K 28/ro.
orchamus. O 13/2.
oregonia. M 10/1.
orientis. I 15.
origones. M 13/3.
orius. J 53.
ornata. J 25/3.
ornata. J 34/1.
ornata. O 4/2.
orono. M 28/5.
oropa. M 33/3.
orope. K 26.
Orphe. K 27.
Orses. K 31.
orsines. H 6/3.
orthomenes. N 4
Orthos. L 15.
orthos. L 15/1.
ortygia. O 2/4.
orusca. O 14/1.
osca.- L, 8/1.
osceola. M 28/8.
osembo. L 6/1.
oslari. N 2/6.
osta. I 2/4.
osyka. M 28/8.
othna. O 7/14.
otho. M 13/7.
ottoe. M 10/11.
ovallei. O 7/2.
ovinia. N 1/8.
oxaites. H 6/41.
Oxynthes. O Io.
ozeta. K 22/2.
ozias. K 29/3.
ozina. K 29/3.
ozota. K 22/2.
pacer. J 27/9.
paculla. K 22/1.
padus. J 33/9.
pahaska. M 10/5
palaea. M 36.
palaemon. H 1.
pallida. M 6/1.
pallida. M 13/s.
pallida. M 22/s.
palta. J 5.
Pamba. J 19.
pamba. J 19.
pampa. O 7/2.
Pamphila. M ro.
Pamphilida. H 1.
Panca. J 9.
pandora. M 25/15.
pandora. M 28/18.
pandra. M 32/3.
panimeron. O 15/3.
paniscoides. H 4/2.
panoquin. O 2/1.
Panoquina. O 2.
panoquinoides. O 2/2.
Pansydia. M 16.
pantha. H 6/54.
papaea. J 49/5.
492
Papias. J 36.
Paracarystus. J 46.
Paradopaea. M 2.
Paraides. O 12.
paramus. J 34/13.
paranensis. O 6/2.
Paratrytone. M 22 and 23.
paria. J 50/5.
parilis. O 2/5.
parma. H 6/66.
parna. O 11/13.
Parphorus. J 34.
parumpunctata. J 39/2.
parvipuncta. K 4/10.
patage. J 31.
patagonica. H 4/7.
patens. K 4/8.
pattenii. J 39/2.
paula. O 7/23.
paulo. J 3/6.
pauper. O 2/13.
pavo. I 11/3.
pawnee. M 10/10.
paza. H 6/72.
pazina. M 25/9.
peckius. M 13/7.
pecta. I 2/2.
Pelion. M 5.
pelora. App. I.
pelta. K 12/4.
pena. I 7/4.
penaea. H 2/8.
penda. J 25/1.
peneia. M 28/11.
Penicula. L ro.
penicillatus. J 29.
peninsularis. J 45/21.
penna. K 2/3.
peraea. O 2/3.
peratha. O 15/5.
percosius. L 11/7.
Pereneia. M 28.
perfida. M 25/2.
peri. O 16/4.
Perichares. K 30.
pericles. I 2/2.
perigenes. J 24/6.
Perimeles. J 33.
periphas. K 18/3.
perla. J 27/13.
perloides. J 27/13.
perornatus. O 7/25.
perpulcher. I 11/3.
pertinax. L 2/2.
peruana. M 6/8.
peruviae. O 7/19.
petra. I 13/3.
petrovna. J 7.
petrovna. J 42/2.
phaeomelas. J 36/5.
INDEX
phaetusa. J 49/2.
phainis. J 36/4.
Phanes. J 23.
Phanis: Ji 23.
phareus. M 6/1.
phellus. I 10/3.
Phemiades. M 35.
Pheraeus. I 11.
phidon. O 15/7.
phidonides. O 16/2.
philaenus. I 10/r1.
philerope. L 7/15.
philetes. K 30/2.
philippii. H 4/6.
philippina. App. I.
philodamas. K 28/1.
phineus. M 35/1.
Phlebodes. L 2.
phocion. K 30/2.
phocion. M 13/2.
phocylides. J 39/2.
phoenicola. O 20/1.
phola. J 4/4.
phorcus. K 18/8.
phormio. M 13/1.
phthia. J 3/1.
Phycanassa. M 22.
phylace. N 2/22.
phylaeus. M 6/r1.
phyllides. J 45/9.
phyllus. J 45/8.
physcella. J 50/r1.
physcoa. J 44/4.
physoptila. M 14/2.
pica. J 45/1.
pieris. K 24/3.
pilatka. M 28/2.
pilla. K 10/2.
pilza. M 19/3.
pinda. O 7/1.
pindar. L 11/8.
Piruna. H 2.
pirus. H 2/2.
piso. M 22/9.
pittacus. N 1/6.
placens. O 14/9.
plancus. H 6/61.
planus. J 8/r.
plasma. I 14/2.
ploetzii. J 45/19.
poa. M 23/1.
Poanes. M 22.
Poanopsis. M 21.
pocahontas. M 22/5.
poecila. I 13/1.
pohli. M 35/2.
polingi. N 1/8.
polingi. P 2/7.
polingii. H 2/3.
polistion. J 27/1.
493
INDEX
polita. J 2/6.
Polites. M 13.
polites. K 10/2.
polles. K 26.
polyclea. M 23/2.
polycrates. H 6/13.
polydesma. H 6/6.
polyspilus. H 4/1.
Pompeius. M 15.
pompeius. M 15/1.
ponda. I 13/5.
ponka. J 48/7.
pontiac. M 28/s.
popla. L 7/8.
porius. K 27/2.
portensis. M 24/2.
posta. O 16/6.
postpuncta. M 15/3.
Potanthus. App. I.
potaro. J 37/6.
potesta. L 15/5.
potex. I 7/4.
pottawattomie. M 15/2.
powesheik. M 2/1.
poya. H 6/14.
poyas. K 31/1.
prada. J 40/4.
prado. J 37/10.
praeceps. M 13/1.
pratincola. M 19/2.
premnas. M 14/2.
prenda. N 2/11.
Prenes. O 2.
prittwitzi. M 4/1.
privata. H 6/65.
Problema. M 18.
procax. O 9/2.
procris. M 3/1.
projectus. J 36/3.
prona. J 45/8.
Propertius. M 34.
propertius. M 34/1.
prospa. J 37/9.
prosper. J 34/s.
protasius. H 6/70.
proximus. J 36/10.
pruda. L 11/2.
pruinosa. K 4/3.
pruna. H 6/52.
psaumis. M 22/6.
psecas. K 6.
pseudecorus. J 34/7.
Pseudocopaeodes. M 8
Pseudosarbia. O 20.
psittacina. O 18.
Psoralis. J 43.
psyllus. J 27/17.
pteras. O 13/1.
pucer. H 6/21.
pudor. K 5/4.
pudorina. M 14/2.
puelmae. H 5/2.
puer. M 1/1.
pulcher. H 4/7.
pulcherimus. I 10/1.
pulcherissimus. I 10/1.
pulchra. H 6/18.
pulchres. O 4/2.
puma. I 2/2.
punctella. J 39/2.
punctisignatius. App. II.
Punta. L 4.
punta. L 4.
pupillatus. J 24/4.
pupillus. M 21/2.
pura. J 45/8.
purgis. J 10/1.
purus. J 8/4.
pusillus. J 2/1.
pustula. M 14/1.
putus. J 28/12.
puxillius. M 21/1.
pyra. I 3/14.
pyrex. K 19/2.
pyrophoros. O 15/7.
Pyrrhocalles. I 15.
Pyrrhopygopsis. O 19.
Pyrrhosidia. M 13.
pyste. L 12/1.
python. N 1/7.
quadaquina. M 22/s.
quadrangula. J 52/1.
quadrata. K 20/1.
quadrifenestrata. App. II.
quadrinotata. K 2/1.
quadrinotatus. H 4/7.
quadripuncta. H 6/5.
quadristriga. H 6/70.
quadrum. K 22/1.
quaiapan. M 10/15.
quaka. K 2/7.
quarta. O 15/1.
quasca. H 6/33.
quichua. J 3/5.
quigua. J 36/1.
quilla. H 4/5.
quinka. H 6/16.
quinquemacula. N 2/16.
Quinta. L 6.
quinta. O 15/t.
quispica. O 19/4.
quota. K 2/2.
Racta’ dl aa.
racta, I.14/3.
radians. M 24/4.
radiata. I 4.
494
radiatus. J 1/2.
radiatus. K 28/12.
radiola. J 2/1.
ramba. M 1/4.
rana. H 3/6.
ranesus. J 22/2.
ranka. J 48/11.
raspa. M 26/3.
rastaca. K 8.
ravola. M 14/1.
ravus. J 43/9.
rayata. M 3/2.
raza.) E 14/1.
reducta. O 11/11.
reductulum. H 5/1.
reedi. H 6/60.
reedi. N 3/1.
reedii. O 19/4.
regia. H 6/70.
regulus. N 1/5.
remea. N 3/18.
Remella. J 33.
remus. J 38/1.
renulus. J 28/2.
Repens. J 21.
repens. J 21/1.
replana. K 28/2.
repta. J 21/2.
restricta. I 2/1.
rethom. P 2/12.
reticulata. L 1/4.
reticulata. M 7/2.
reversa. N 2/13.
rezia. J 23/4.
rhadamantus. O 3/1.
rhena. M 13/3.
rhesus. M 7/1.
rhexenor. M 23/4.
rhino. L 7/2.
Rhinthon. L 8.
rica. M 27/2.
ricana. M 25/15.
richardi. J 45/2.
richteri. M 22/8.
ridingsii. M 10/8.
ridingsii. M 22/s.
rinda. K 20/2.
riosa. K 13/2.
rita} 33/2.
ritans. J 32/8.
rivera. J 33/6.
rivula. M 25/17.
Fizar Hi 6/5.
robba. L 7/9.
robiginosa. J 43/2.
rogan., f/22/3.
rogersi. J 50/3.
rolla. M 22/9.
romani. App. II.
romaniana. App. II.
INDEX
romula. O 19/3.
rona. J 46/2.
roraimae. I 9/4.
rosea. H 6/63.
rota. H 6/70.
rubia. H 6/71.
rubida. K 5/1.
rubrinota. K 3/2.
rubripalpis. O 19/2.
rumba. I 11/8.
rupilius. N 1/8.
rurea. M 28/8.
ruricola. M 10/4.
rusa. H 6/70.
rusta. J 43/7.
sabaea. O 11/10.
sabaeus. J 43/1.
Sabina. J 20.
sabina. J 20.
sabuleti. M 13/6.
sacchariphila. J 27/3.
Sacrator. K to.
sacrator. K 10/1.
sagitta. I 10/2.
saladin. O 14/18.
saleca. H 6/20.
salenus. I 2/4.
Saliana. O 14.
salius. O 14/17.
salona. O 14/14.
salta. H 3/4.
salva. O 14/2.
sameda. L 2/10.
samenta. M 19/4.
samoset. N 2/9.
sancoya. J 27/21.
sandarac. M 36.
santarus. M 31/2.
santus. K 18/4.
sapala. J 34/12.
saptine. K 29/2.
sapuca. M 14/1.
saramaca. J 10/2.
Sarega. J 39.
sartia. I 11/5.
sarus. L 7/4.
sassacus. M 10/13.
Saturnus. L 1.
saturnus. J 2/8.
saturnus. L 1/1.
Saye: 12/5.
saxula. M 27/1.
scapa. J 36/6.
Schausana. L 13.
schausi. I 13/1.
schausii. I 2/2.
scheria. J 18/2.
schmithi. J 22/4.
495
INDEX
schmithi. L 2/9.
schrottkyi. M 33/5.
schwarzi. I 7/1.
scipio. O 16/6.
sciras. I 1/1.
scitula. L 9/5.
scopas. J 22/1.
scudderi. M 19/2.
scydra. I 1/4.
scylla. H 6/28.
seirocastnia. H 6/53.
seitzi. J 45/7.
semiargentea. H 6/73.
semicaeca. H 2/2.
seminole. M 10/15.
sempa. J 50/6.
seneca. K 30/8.
senex. K 18/6.
sepia. H 6/11.
septa. J 49/8.
septimanus. J 27/17.
sequoyah. M 15/2.
Serdis. M 32.
serenus. J 26/4.
sergestus. K 13/1.
seriatus. J 28/7.
seron. O 16/5.
serra. J 38/2.
servilius. J 11/3.
servus. L 1/1.
sethos. M 25/14.
severinus. O 14/11.
severus. O 14/19.
sexton. O 16/5.
shiva. I 2/3.
sicania. K 28/r1o.
sifax. L 2/3.
sigida. M 15/2.
signata. M 6/2.
silaceus. J 47/1.
silanion. K 17/2.
silene. I 2/1.
silus. 2/1.
silna. I 2/4.
silvanus. J 4/1.
silvaticus. J 7.
silvia. J 40/3.
silvicultrix. J 33/10.
similea. N 3/19.
similis. N 2/15.
simius. N 2/3.
simplex. J 28/2.
simplex. J 44/8.
simplex. K 4/2.
simplex. M 3/1.
simplicissima. J 32/7.
simplicissima. J 40/2.
simplicius. J 2/4.
simulius. O 9/1.
sinepunctis. J 27/1.
singularis. M 3/2.
singularis. M 28/10.
sinois. K 13/2.
sinon. K 13/2.
sinta. J 40/5.
sipariana. J 17.
sirene. M 28/16.
siris. M 13/5.
sista. M 25/5.
skada. H 1.
slopa. J 48/1.
slossonae. M 10/15.
smaragdulus. O 15/6.
smarti. J 1/1.
smithi. P 2/11.
snowi. M 19/3.
sobrinus. J 36/2.
socles. O 8/2.
socrates. O 19/2.
Sodalia. J 10.
sodalis. J 10/2.
somba. L 7/10.
sombra. H 2/9.
sondra. H 6/48.
sonora. M 13/5.
sonta. O 2/12.
sophistes. I 10/4.
sorra. J 34/1.
sotoi. H 4/6.
spangla. J 32/10.
spica. H 6/32.
sporus. J 2/7.
stacara. J 43/2.
stallingsi. M 10/16.
stallingsi. P 2/r.
statius. M 32/1.
staurus. J 39/1.
steinbachi. L 1/2.
stephensi. P 2/5.
sticta. H 2/6.
stictomenes. J 28/1.
stigma. M 13/1.
stigmula. J 27/12.
stilio. J 48/3.
stillmani. M 2/6.
Stinga. M 9g.
stollmeyeri. J 33/7.
Stomyles. N 2.
storax. J 34/1.
strada. J 33/10.
straton. M 10/14.
stratyllis. O 2/4.
streckeri. M 24/4.
streckeri. P 2/4.
striga. J 28/8.
striga. J 33/10.
stroma. J 33/10.
stupenda. K 10/1.
stygia. I 13/4.
Styrioides. K 2.
496
subcordata. J 50/3.
subcordatus. K 27/2.
subcostulata. J 36/7.
subfasciata. App. II.
subferrugineus. M 28/12.
subgrisea. J 40/4.
submarmorata. K 19/1.
submetallescans. J 33/8.
suborbicularis. M 20.
subplanus. J 28/2.
subpunctata. J 50/7.
subpunctuli. J 9.
subreticulata. M 7/2.
subrufescens. K 5/2.
subsordida. J 50/9.
substriata. J 34/2.
subvirescens. O 19/2.
subviridis. J 40/6.
subviridis. M 33/6.
subviridis. App. I.
Sucova. J 30.
sucova. J 30.
suffenas. L. 1/4.
suffusa. M 22/1.
suffuscus. L 1/4.
sulfurina. M 13/1.
sulla. J 27/1.
superbiens. K 18/5.
superior. H 6/14.
superior. O 7/2.
sylva. I 7/1.
sylvanoides. M 19/2.
sylvanus. K 17/3.
sylvicola. O 2/8.
Symmachia. M 10.
Synale. K 17.
Synapte. I 2.
syraces. I 2/3.
syrisca. H 6/41.
syrna. K 11.
taberi. J 27/19.
Talides. K 13.
tanaquilus. J 34/2.
tanaris. L 7/12.
tania. M 31/3.
tanta. J 26/8.
tapayuna. O 7/22.
taracua. App. II.
Tarmia: J. 23:
tassa. I 8/2.
taumas. M 13/2.
tavola. J 49/4.
taxes. J 48/5.
taxiles. M 22/6.
taxus. M 6/1.
taza. H 6/19.
tecumseh. M 13/6.
telata. J 25/1.
INDEX
telegonus. O 14/12.
Telles. K 19.
Tellona. K 25.
telmela. O 15/1.
tenda. App. II.
tenebricosa. O 19/3.
tenera. J 2/8.
tenuifasciata. O 11/8.
Teria. Pr.
tersa. L 7/14.
tertianus. J 45/21.
tertius. J 12/3.
tesera. J 24/9.
tessellata. H 3/3.
texana. P 2/4.
texanae. N 2/10.
textor. N 2/12.
thalia. H 6/2.
Thargella. J 17.
Themesion. K 28.
themistocles. M 13/2.
theoclea. I 1/4.
theodora. M 34/1.
theogenis. J 27/1.
thermae. L 8/1.
Thespieus. O 7.
theste. J 47/2.
thisbe. I 8/2.
thona. O 7/15.
Thoon. J 48.
Thracides. O 15.
thrasea. O 15/2.
thyia. Lg /t1.
Thymelicus. M 5.
thymoetes. J 6/3.
tiberius. L 1/4.
ticidas. H 6/45.
Tigasis. J 44.
tihoneta. O 7/2.
tinga. M 15/7.
tinka. O 7/14.
tinta. J 24/7.
Tirynthia. O 5.
Tirynthoides. O 4.
Tisias. K 20.
tolteca. N 2/11.
tomba. M 33/5.
tona. H 6/56.
torax, 12/7,
tractipennis. H 4/7.
travassoi. J 52/2.
trebius. J 27/9.
trebla. O 15/1.
triangularis. J 45/3.
triangularis. O 14/4.
triangulum. J 45/3.
trimacula. O 14/17.
trimaculata. L 7/16.
trinitad. K 30/2.
trinka. L 15/3.
-o 7
INDEX
Trioedusa. M 35.
triplaga. K 32/3.
tripuncta. K 26.
tripunctata. J 27/3.
tripunctatus. H 5/r.
tripunctus. J 27/1.
trisema. M 14/2.
tristis. M 28/11.
tristissimus. J 36/9.
tristriata. H 4/4.
triumviralis. J 41/2.
tix © 2/7.
troeschi. H 6/42.
trogon. J 12/4.
Tromba. K 14.
tromba. K 14/1.
tropa. O 16/7.
tryhana. I 10/4.
tuba. M 28/15.
tucumanus. M 1/6.
tupaci. J 40/4.
turbis. M 13/1.
turbis. M 31/1.
Turesis. J 47.
Turmada. K 16.
turmada. K 16/1.
turneri. M 13/2.
turneri. N 1/1.
tutolia. N 2/1.
typhon. J 8/3.
tyrtaeus. J 25/1.
ulphila. M 23/6.
ulrica. 17/17:
umber. K 5/1.
umbrata. J 45/17.
umbrosus. J 29.
uncas. M 10/8.
unia. I 11/4.
unicolor. N 3/r10.
uniformia. N 3/11.
uniformis. J 32/7.
unipunctata. J 50/1.
unipunctata. N 3/8.
unna. M 13/1.
uraniae. K 19/1.
Urbicola. M to.
uretai. M 6/2.
urqua. L 16/2.
ursa. M 14/1.
ursula J 27/19.
Wrsus. “P23:
uruba. J 27/19.
utahensis. M 13/5.
tha. 75:
liza, | 45/21.
Vacerra. O 8.
vala. L 16/1.
valda. J 40/1.
valdivianus. H 4/4.
valentina. K 28/11.
valerius. J 40/1.
valo. L 16/1.
vanca. H 6/15.
vanilia. K 2/r1.
variegata. K 25.
vatinius. K 27/1.
vegrandis. J 27/22.
Vehilius. J 28.
veleda. J 5.
vellejus. L 7/13.
Venas. J 18.
venda. H 6/15.
venezuelae. M 32/2.
venias. J 37/8.
venosa. J 28/r1.
venosus. J 28/1.
venta. J 43/6.
venustus. M 6/9.
verames. J 28/6.
verba. M 25/12.
verdanta. M 33/4.
verecunda. O 14/1.
vergens. M 35/3.
verna. M 15/2.
Vertica. K 5.
verticalis. K 5/2.
verus. M 19/1.
vesana. M 15/4.
vestris. M 28/8.
vesuria. M 14/1.
Vettius. J 45.
vetula. J 28/6.
vetulina. M 15/2.
vetulus. J 28/7.
vialis. N 2/17.
viator. M 22/2.
vibex. M 13/1.
vicina. H 4/1.
vicina. H 6/34.
vicinus. I 3/11.
victa. K 12/1.
victoria. O 13/3.
Vidius. J 24.
vidius. J 24/5.
-vierecki. N 1/4.
villa. M 25/16.
yina,. 1 3/7.
vinca. H 6/30.
vinda. J 3/4.
Vinius. I ro.
viola. O 2/12.
violacea. J 17.
virs., L3/5.
virbius. K 22/1.
Virga. J 4.
virga. K 23/2.
virga. L 2/5.
498
INDEX
virginius. J 4/1. xanthosticta. K 7.
virgo. K 23/2. xanthothrix. O 13/2.
virgo. L 2/6. xanthothrix. O 19/4.
viricuculla. O 10/2.
viridenex. J 44/10.
viridicans. M 32/3.
viridiceps. J 48/3.
viridis. J 39/8.
viridis. M 10/6.
viridis. O 11/12.
virilis. O 4/2.
virius. H 6/37.
visa. L 9/3.
visendus. I 6/3.
Wista, © 11/12.
Vistigma. L 2.
vitellina. M 23/1.
vitellius. M 24/2.
vitus. H 4/6.
vividus. O 7/20.
vixen. O 14/8.
vola. I 8/2.
volasus. J 3/1.
volesus. J 50/2.
vopiscella. J 2/9.
vopiscus. J 33/4.
voranus. M 33/4.
Vorates. J 34.
vorgia. J 37/5.
vulpina. K 32/1.
waco. M 3/1.
wakulla. N 2/12.
Wallengrenia. M 14.
wamsutta. M 13/7.
wanda. I 8/1.
warra. J 45/21.
warreni. J 27/20.
watsoni. J 51/2.
weetamo. M 13/5.
williamsi. M 10/5.
williamsi. N 3/17.
wimico. O 2/1.
wingina. M 13/1.
winslowi. M 14/1.
woodgatei. M 10/2.
woodrufhi. O 2/8.
wrightii. M 8.
xanthaphes. O 11/1.
xanthina. I 3/2.
xantho. J 4/2.
xanthobasis. L 2/12.
xantholeuca. H 6/21.
xanthopolys. I 5/2.
xanthura. K 14/2.
xarina. O 7/13.
xarippe. O 7/12.
xenarchus. I 13/1.
Xeniades. O 13.
xenos. N 3/2.
xicea. H 6/72.
yahua. J 40/7.
yalta. J 45/14.
yehl. M 22/4.
yema. J 47/1.
yenna. K 28/1.
yesta. J 48/8.
yoka. O 11/3.
yosemite. M 10/1.
yreka. M 19/1.
yuccae. P 2/1.
yuma. M 19/2.
yunga. J 45/8.
yva. L g/2.
Yvretta. M 7.
zaba. L 7/14.
zabulon. M 22/7.
zachaeus. M 22/9.
zalates. J 44/3.
zalma. J 29.
Zalomes. I 8.
zama. J 27/14.
zaovinia. N 1/8.
zapala. M 6/6.
zapota. L 11/3.
zara. I g/t.
zareus. I 3/6.
Zariaspes. I 5.
zela. L 16/6.
zenckei. M 13/t.
Zenida. K 3.
Zenis. O 3.
zenus. J 43/3.
zeppa. L 7/13.
zeteki. K 2/6.
zetus. J 37/7.
zeus. “App. IIT:
zikani. K 32/4.
zimra. M 33/4.
zisa. M 31/4.
ZOlas JAsi2r.
zona. H 6/9.
zygia. Lo/t.
499
PN el eae
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American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 54
H.]. CARTEROCEPHALUS H.2. PIRUNA
(OG BAe Rab
palaemon mandan 1. brunnea 2. pirus ;
UO HOO Quy wey
3. polingii 4. ceracates 5. gyrans 6. sticta
AG WD MOB Bere
7. microsticta 8. aea : 9. cingo sombra
H.3. DARDARINA
meg Jae BA gog
1. dardaris 3. tessellata 4. salta 5. daridaeus
H.4. BUTLERIA
6. rana 7. castra 8. jonesi |. polyspilus |
"2. paniscoides 3. elwesi 4. flavomaculatus 5. quilla 6. sotol
H.5. ARGOPTERON
MWC png IB bash
7. fruticolens 8. bissexguttatus |. aureipennis 2. puelmae
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 55
duh awe aug aul
DOG AG bUBdIG
hog sit JAPhOg
AOE BG AOC Hon
ALA A CAndene
ERR EUNGTGINC GTS
31. cypselus 32. spica livia 33. quasca equatoria
AUR DMG bh Qdaae
34. gelus 35. cupavia 36. frater 37. mesoxantha
ABNOGT ANT DG
40. octomaculata 41. oxaites
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 56
H.6. DALLA
G96 GOO BABE
42. eryonas 43. mentor 44. connexa 45. ticidas
BUG BOS Roh MME
46. caenides 47. mora | 48. carnis sondra
AG AOE dish ahh
49, ee 50. lalage lathaea 51. faula
AGO GAVowsab
52. diraspes 53. seirocastnia 54. pantha pated
HOG GAA O38 Ohad
56. tona 57. decca doppa 58. eburones elna_ ena
bh) ABO MOG B pss
59. morva 60. ie 61. plancus 62. crithote 63. rosea |
HauG pouG AMiaanr
65. granites 66. parma 67. mars 69. ochrolimbata
GUY OUCAdWH Ass
70. quadristriga 71. rubia 72. paza 73. semiargentea
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 57
1.1. FALGA
|. sciras 2. jeconia 3. farina 4. theoclea
1.2. SYNAPTE
|. silius 2. malitiosa 3. syraces 4.salenus 95. lutu-
1.3. LENTO baa
I. hermione vina 2. xanthina 3. longa 5. ferrago 6. lento
7. lucto 8. imeriys 9. listo 10. flavocostata 12. apta
1.4. LEVINA
13. krexoides ora ludo genta 14. pyra 15. muska levina
1.5. ZARIASPES 1.6. ANTHOPTUS
|. mythecus 2. mys I. epictetus 2. calcarea mara- 3. vis-
I.7. CORTICEA canes Cae
1. mendica 2. corticea 3. oblinita 4. lysias 5. immo-
cerinus
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 58
1.8. ZALOMES 1.9. CANTHA
I. biforis : 2. kenava I. celeus calva zara
1.10. VINIUS
2. ivea 4. roraimae I. letis 2. sagitta 3. exilis
1.11. PHERAEUS
4. tryhana 1. honta 2. fastus 3. odilia 5. argynnis
: 1.12. MISIUS
6. centra 7. montes 8. rumba misius
1.13. MOLO
1. mango 2. muzo | 3. stygia 4. menta
_ 1.14. RACTA
1. apella raza 2. plasma 3. racta
1.15. PYRRHOCALLES
4. chiria antiqua jamaicensis orientis
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 59
J.1. APAUSTUS J.2. CALLIMORMUS
I. gracilis 2. menes |. radiola 2. alsimo 3. inter-
punctata
4. simplicius 5. corus 6. juventus 7. corades 8. saturnus
J3. EUTOCUS
9. beda 1. facilis 2. minimus 3. fabulinus 4. matildae
J.4. VIRGA
5. quichua 7. arabupuana I. virginius 2. xantho 3. austrinus
J-5. EPRIUS J.6. MNASICLES
4. phola veleda I. geta 2. hicetaon
J.7. LUDENS J.8. METHIONOPSIS
3. thym- ludens I. ina 2. dolor 3. typhon
oetes
J.9. PANCA J.10. SODALIA J.11. MNESTHEUS
subpunctuli I. dimassa 2. sodalis 3. coler I, ittona
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 60
J. 12, ARTINES
I. aepitus 2. focus 3. aquilina 4, trogon
J.13. AECAS J.14. MNASEAS
| 5. satyr | 7. fosca aecas I. bicolor
J.15. GALLIO J.16. METHION = J.17. THARGELLA J.18. VENAS
gallio melas caura occulta Il. evans
J.19. PAMBA J.20. SABINA J.21. REPENS
pamba sabina Il. repens 2. repta
J.22. LUCIDA |
I. lucia 2. ranesus 3. rogan 4. schmithi
J.23. PHANES
5. bocus 1. aletes 2. almoda 4. rezia
3. abaris 5. hoffmanni 6. espa 7, monastica
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 61
J.24. VIDIUS
MOAWASH St
1. fido 2. nappa 3. mictra 4, anna
Hoole
5. vidius 6. perigenes 7. tinta 8. nostra
J.25. MONCA
dal wee 6 GC
9. tesera 10. laska 1. telata tyrtaeus penda 2. branca
J.26. NASTRA
Hibs oro
3. ornata 4. jera 1. l’herminieri 2. julia
oan oiiaut
3. neamathla 4. chao 5. guianae 6. leucone 7. ethologus
a(lan rane
8. tanta 9. insignis 10. lurida 11. dryas
J.27. CYMAENES
and) wand & coed
1. tripunctus 2. lepta 3. tripunctata 4. idria 5. cavalla
British Museum (N.H.)
-American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 62
J.27. CYMAENES
med iG hr enud
6. laureolus 7. chela 8. modestrus 9. odilia 10. gisca
11. jamba 12. distigma 13. perloides 14. zama
15. mabillet 16. limae 17..psyllus 18. fraus
: J.28. VEHILIUS
19. uruba taberi 20. warreni I. stictomenes 2. inca
3. almoneus 4. gorta 5. lugubris 6. vetula
J.29. MNASILUS J.30. SUCOVA
7. vetulus 8. clavicula allubita sucova
J.31,.MNASINOUS —_J.32. MNASITHEUS
Or AeA OuhoAear
patage I. chrysophrys 2. forma 3. nitra 4. cephoides
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 63
J.32. MNASITHEUS
Kol mel sl AtsG
5. nella 6. gemignanii 7. simplicissima 8. ritans
J. 33. MOERIS
9. continua coda 10. spangla 1. remus 2. rita
3. duena 4. vopiscus _cusillunia 7. stollmeyeri 8. submetallescens
9. padus 10. striga stroma strada__ silvi- ll. hyagnis
cultrix
J.34. PARPHORUS
CaS cans
12. ekka I. storax 2. decora 3. felta
Hao ACW ACU Ad fal
4. oca 5. prosper 6. nemorus 7. pseudecorus
read Wolall ads eal
8. granta 9. oeagrus 12. sapala 13. paramus 14. hesia
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 64
J.35. MOLLA J.36. PAPIAS
MufBebeso rma
molla 1. quigua 2. sobrinus 4. phainis.
wna fanarlarnnis B
3. projectus 5. phaeomelas 6. dictys 7. subcostulata 8. nigrans
J.37. COBALOPSIS
HUG tian
warts sat Banngd (H Fi
4. nero 5. vorgia 6. potaro 7. zetus 8. venias
9. prospa 10. prado 11. catocala 12. dagon
J.38. ARITA J.39. LEREMA
I. arita 2. serra 1. lumina 2. accius lochius
3. ancillaris _— liris 4. lineosa 5. lenta 6. elgina
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 65
J.40. MORYS
|. valerius 2. compta 3. geisa 4. subgrisea 5. sinta
J.41. CUMBRE
6. subviridis 7. yahua 1. cumbre 2. triumviralis
J.42. ADLERODEA
POC HUGS
3. belli |. modesta 2. petrovna 4. lemba
J.43. PSORALIS
pA CdaTane
l. idee 2. stacara ~ 3. exclamationis 4. degener
MuCaiiawl er
brunnescens 6. venta 7. rusta 8. gota 9. ravus
J.44. TIGASIS |
AOOE BAC aN
I. garima massarus 3. zalates 4. physcoa _5. colomus
sios Ku @esPieses
6. fusca 7. altona 8. simplex 9. coda 10. viridenex
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 66
J.45. VETTIUS
|. lafresnayei 2. richardi 3. triangularis 4. monacha
5. jabesa 6. crispa 7. diana 8. phyllus
9. marcus 10. diversa lyncea donga drona 11. drova
12. fantasos 13. artona 14. yalta 15. klugi
Ale ( Ne OUR aN
aes
16. lucretius 17. umbrata 18. arva 19. ploetzii
J.46. PARACARYSTUS
enddatnl Mudie
f20. coryna 21. tertianus 1. hypargyra 2. menestriesi
J.47. TURESIS ("
; oie evansi 1. lucas 2. theste 3. basta
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 67
J.48. THOON
Hon lBaleni a
1. slopa 2. canta 3. modius 4. dubia
rere are gant
5. taxes 6. circellata 7. ponka 8. yesta
J.49. JUSTINIA
ecstustiteu(Ts tol TE
9. aethus 10. ranka 1. kora 2. phaetusa
(1 (as BO Abad bol
norda 3.gava 4.justinianus 6. ia bb 7. maculata 8. septa
3.50. EQTYCHIDE
KoRn aac tal
1. physcella 2. complana 3. subcordata ochus 4. olympia
J.51. ONOPHAS
5. paria 6. sempa 7. subpunctata 1. columbaria 2. wat-
1.52. LAMPONIA J.53. NAEVOLUS SO"
1. lamponia 2. travassoi 3. elegantula orius naevus
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 68
K.1. MILTOMIGES K.2. STYRIOIDES
1. cinnamomea 2. obrepta |. quadrinotata 2. quota
3. penna 4. lyco 5. badius 6. zeteki
K.3 DION
7. quaka |. gemmatus 2. carmenta 3. meda
K.4. ENOSIS
1. dognini 2. aphilos 3. pruinosa 4, iccius
5. blenda 6. blotta 7. horridus 8. immaculata
9. achelous 10. angularis infuscata
K.5. VERTICA
11. misera I. verticalis 2. ibis 3. umber
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 69
K.6. EBUSUS K.7. EVANSIELLA K.8. ARGON
as cordela argus
K.9. COBALOIDES K.I0. SACRATOR K.11. MEGALEAS
argus I. sacrator 2. polites syrna
K.12. LYCHNUCHUS
MOQBESO HEL
I. victa 2. celsus 3. brasta
K.13. TALIDES |
I. sergestus 2. sinois cantra 3. alternata
K.14. TROMBA K.15. NYCTUS
|. tromba 2. xanthura I. hiarbas
K:16. TURMADA K.17. SYNALE
2. .crinitus I. camposa I. cynaxa
2. hylaspes 3. sylvanus 4. elana 5. metella
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 70
K.18. CARYSTUS
RoRBWGS E AE
2. hocus 3. periphas 4. jolus 6. senex
K.19. TELLES K.20. TISIAS
7. junior 8. phorcus arcalaus |. quadrata
2. rinda | 3. myna 4. lesueuri
K.21. MOEROS K.22. COBALUS
5. caesena moeros I. virbius
K.23. DUBIELLA
tinh Aro Fi Hes
2. calvina 1. fiscella belpa 2. dubius
K.24. CARYSTINA K.25. TELLONA
HOA BRQUIUL At
1. lysiteles 2, aurifer 3. pieris variegata
K.26. DAMAS Ki272ORPHE
clayus 1}. vatinius 2. gerasa
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 71
K.28. CARYSTOIDES
AChE mAootss
|. basoches 2. noseda 3. certima 4. lota 5. balza
6. lila 7. hondura 8. lebbaeus cundina 9. manta
K.29. LYCHNUCOIDES
Aa} WAMGBLS
10. sicania 11. maroma 12. cathaea 2. saptine
K.30. PERICHARES
A BMof GIOVE
3. ozias I. butus 2. philetes 3. lotus
4. matha 5. deceptus 6. colenda 7. chima .
K.31. ORSES K.32. ALERA
8. seneca 1. cynisca 2. itea 1. vulpina
K.33. LYCAS
3. furcata 4. metallica 1. godarti_ 2. argentea
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 72
L.!. SATURNUS
I. saturnus 2. steinbachi 3. metonidia 4, tiberius
L.2. PHLEBODES
HAG yrte
1. fuldia 2. pertinax 3. campo 4, notex
5. vira 6. virgo 7. torax 8. eteocla
L.3. JOANNA
9. schmithi 12. xanthobasis {. joanna 2. boxi
a PUNTA L.5. BRUNA L.6. QUINTA
punta bruna I. cannae 2. locutia
L.7. CYNEA
|. anthracinus 2. cyrus 3. irma 4. melius 5. iquita
6. fista 7. corisana 8. popla 9. robba
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 73
L.7. CYNEA
10. hycsos 11. megalops 12. bistrigula 13. diluta 14. cynea
L.8. RHINTHON L.9. MUCIA
15, corope 16. trimaculata 1. cubana |. zygia
_L.10 PENICULA
2. visa 4. immaculatus 5. scitula 1. bryanti
2. criska 3. cristina 4. crista 5. cristatus
L.11. DECINEA
|. mammoea 2. decinea derisor
denta antus pruda
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 74
pacaiancard
HX (UG
7. percosius '
L.13. CYCLOSMA
L.12. OEONUS
I. pyste 2. edlichi 3. egma 1. glamis
L.14. CALIGULANA L.15. ORTHOS
2. altama 3. abdonides caligula 1. orthos
minka hyalinus 2. lycortas 3. trinka
L.16. CONGA
4. gabina 5. potesta = chydaea 2. urqua
L.17. HOLGUINIA
AN al sl WO nf
3. immaculata 4, iheringii 6. zela holguin
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part lV Plate 75
M.1. ANCYLOXYPHA
ALL Ole
1. numitor 2. dryas 3. arene 4. ramba
M.2. OARISMA
5. aurea 6. nitidula 7. melanoneura 1. powesheik
2. garita 3. edwardsii 4. boeta 5. nanus
M.3. COPAEODES
dE HAGE
6. stillmani I. aurantiaca 2. minima 3. jean
M.4. ADOPAEOIDES M.5. THYMELICUS M.6. HYLEPHILA
APA dbGOtse
I. prittwitzi 2. bistriata lineola I. phylaeus 2. signata
3. ancora 4. isonira 5. fasciolata 6. zapala
7. galera 8. boulleti 9. venustus 10. ignorans
British Museum (N.H.)
Plate /6
American Hesperiidae, Part IV
M.8. PSEUDOCOPAEODES
M.7. YYRETTA
880 GeO O bO0
subreticulata eunus
|. rhesus 2 \canus
M.9. STINGA M.10. HESPERIA
laurentina assiniboia hulbirti
+. comma borealis
CARH O66 BOY
NHanbselant
4. ruricola 5. columbia
Baliga sears
8. uncas 9. metea 10. pawnee 11. ottoe
12. dacotae 13. sassacus 14. meskei 15. attalus
M.11. APPIA M.12. LINKA
lina
16. leonardus appia
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part 1V Plate 77
M.13. POLITES
SECAOCEOU
1. vibex dictynna 2. themistocles
ALOVS te JOE
3. origenes 4. baracoa 5. mystic
CKO ASCO
sonora 6. sabuleti 7. coras
M.14. WALLENGRENIA
ACA BC
I. druryi egeremet pustula misera druryi ophites
M.15. POMPEIUS
HBOS FOG
2. premnas |. pompeius 2. verna
3. postpuncta 4. amblyspila S. dares
M.16. ATALOPEDES
AOAC DAY
7. tinga 1. campestris 2. nabakovi 3. mesogramma
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 78
M.17. ATRYTONE M.18. PROBLEMA
1. arogos 2. logan I. byssus
M.19. OCHLODES
SaRsasU aE
2. bulenta I. agricola | 2. sylvanoides
M.20. BUZYGES M.21. POANOPSIS
3. snowi idothea |. puxillius 2. pupillus
M.22. POANES
1. massasoit _ 2. viator 3. aaroni 4 yehl
5. hobomok 6. taxiles ; 7 zabulon - 8. azin
M.23. PARATRYTONE
Laan
9. rolla 10. inimica 11. lupulina ! melane
2. polyclea 4. rhexenor 7. monticola 8. niveolimbus
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 79
M.24. CHORANTHUS
WG BIOs ate
1. magdalia 2. vitellius 3. haitensis 4. radians
M.25. MELLANA
(og
5. lilliae 6. borincona 7. batesi I. nayana
2. perfida 3. clavus 4. fieldi 5. sista
6. balsa 7. eulogius 8. mexicana 9. pazina
AoC OSMIGGRG
10. noka 11. monica 12. myron verba 13. angra
ANNSTINCOBIARNANGNY
14. helva 15. meridiani 16. villa 17. amicus
M.26. LIBRITA M.27. HALOTUS
(Vd Claes
1. librita 2. heras 1. angellus 2. rica
British Museum (N_H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 80
M.28. EUPHYES
SOCEBKS
1. arpa 2. pilatka 3. dion 4. dukesi 5. conspicua
DUC ALG A
7. bimacula 8. vestris 9. cornelius
As Atos Ble
10. singularis Il. peneia 12. leptosema
tig Nthoe Mess
K
13. ampa 14. derasa 15. tuba
AfeCaWCUle
16. sirene kayei (7. mapirica
tots AfbsigSélfs
~ 18. pandora | 19. bryna 20. antra 21. cherra
M.29. LIBRA M.30. HANSA
Abst MeCAte
|. aligula 2. anatolica |. hyboma 2. devergens
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 81]
M.31. CHALCONE
LalOCs BOC! Elaid
1. chalcone corta 2. santarus
M.32. SERDIS
3. tania 4. zisa |. statius dives 2. venezuelae
M.33. METRON
3. viridicans I. leucogaster ambrosei 2. chrysogastra
3. Oropa 4. fasciata 5. schrottkyi tomba
M.34. PROPERTIUS
AWAAWANTS
6. noctis i. propertius 2. albistriga
M.35. PHEMIADES
ALT AUOBb
|. phineus 2. pohli cidra
M.36. ASBOLIS
3. vergens 4. milvius capucinus
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 82
N.1. ATRYTONOPSIS
Bra ele lel
1. hianna 2. deva 4. vierecki 5. loammi 6. pittacus
N.2. AMBLYSCIRTES
Ata Fh to Benatat
7. python 8. ovinia Le folia 97x 2. exoteria
A IPeMea (ery
3. simius 4. cassus 5. aenus 6. oslari 7. fluonia 8. elissa
OHaaGacocud
9. samoset 10. texanae Il. tolteca 12. aesculapius 13. carolina 14. nereus
Adana Aavae
15. nysa 16. eos 17. vialis 18. celia 19. alternata 20. florus
e N.3. LERODEA
WLP AC GNst 1 Cals
21. anubis 22. phylace 23. fimbriata 1. eufala 2. xenos 3. arabus
N.4. OLIGORIA
bangs tolSte0) ABC
4. dysaules 5. erythrostictus 6. gracia 7. emba maculata
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 83
O.1. CALPODES 0,2. PANOQUINA
AS) MGA
ethlius 1. panoquin 2. panoquinoides 3. peraea
087} dOay | Ue
4. ocola 5. hecebolus 6. chapada
Ufo Mla) Mls
de =e 8. sylvicola | 9. bola
AEE
10. corrupta Il. nero 12. fusina evansi viola
13. pauper 14. luctuosa 15. evadnes
0.3. ZENIS 0.4. TIRYNTHOIDES
Ble DW
1. minos 2. jebus janka melaleuca I. lotana
0.5. TIRYNTHIA
2. virilis 1. conflua 2. conda
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 84
0.6. NYCTELIUS O.7. THESPIEUS
ROCOsOdus UL
I. nyctelius 2. paranensis 1. pinda 2. tihoneta
MACUCSRRAwK
3. opigena 4. dalman 5. ethemides 6. jora «
AWA AAG
7. macareus 8. aspernatus 9. castor 10. fulvangula
Ag HOSA
11. lutetia 12. xarippe a xarina 14. othna
15. thona 16. Ete 17. duidensis |
19, peruviae 20. vividus 21. hieroglyphica 22. tapayuna
GCLGR EE
23. paula 24. caraca 25. catochra 26. himella 29. matucanae
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 85
0.8. VACERRA
MKS BloGL) GQ
1. bonfilius 2. egla gayra
3. lachares j 4. caniola
0.9. LINDRA
5. evansi 7. hermesia I. simulius
0.10. OXYNTHES O.11. NICONIADES
tala Os
2. gulala Il. corusca 2. viricuculla 1. xanthaphes
AOS
2. gladys 3. yoka 4. linga 5. cydia
UA
6. nikko 7. loda 8. caeso 9. nabona
10. merenda 11. reducta 12. viridis 13. parna
British Museum (N.H.)
American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 86
0.12. AIDES
I. epitus 2. aestria 3.dysoni 4. brino 5. aegita
O.13. XENIADES
Mal bbrcvare
6. ocrinus I. chalestra corna pteras
2. orchamus 3. victoria 4. ethoda
0.14. SALIANA
1. mathiolus 2. salva 3. chiomara 4. triangularis 5. fusta
6. fischeri 7. nigel 9. placens 10. hewitsoni 11. mamurra
12. esperi 13. antoninus 14. salona 15. longirostris 16. morsa
17. salius 18. saladin culta catha 19, severus
British Museum (N.H.)
. American Hesperiidae, Part IV Plate 87
0.15. THRACIDES
AYO BAROAe
I. cleanthes 2. thrasea 3. panimeron 4. joannisi
5. nanea nida 6. smaragdulus 7. phidon
0.16. NEOXENIADES
BoA OsGAbC ID
I. cincia 2. molion 3. braesia aqua andricus
4. bajula 5. seron 6. scipio luda 7. tropa
0.17. AROMA
8. musarion 9. myra |. aroma
0.18. CHLOEARIA 0.19. PYRRHOPYGOPSIS
2. henricus psittacina |. agaricon
0.20. PPEUDOSARBIA
OO GOGO Mo
2. socrates 3. romula 4. quispica |. phoenicola 2. flavofasciata
British Museum (N.H.)
Chicaneiaesperidac, RaretV* 9 7 eh Plate 88
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